US3513069A - Method for producing metal fiber webs on a papermaking machine - Google Patents

Method for producing metal fiber webs on a papermaking machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3513069A
US3513069A US568281A US3513069DA US3513069A US 3513069 A US3513069 A US 3513069A US 568281 A US568281 A US 568281A US 3513069D A US3513069D A US 3513069DA US 3513069 A US3513069 A US 3513069A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
metal fiber
metal
layer
primary layer
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Expired - Lifetime
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US568281A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hanns F Arledter
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Mead Corp
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Mead Corp
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/002—Manufacture of articles essentially made from metallic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/02—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the Fourdrinier type
    • D21F11/04—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the Fourdrinier type paper or board consisting on two or more layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
    • D21H13/46—Non-siliceous fibres, e.g. from metal oxides
    • D21H13/48—Metal or metallised fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/46—Pouring or allowing the fluid to flow in a continuous stream on to the surface, the entire stream being carried away by the paper
    • D21H23/48—Curtain coaters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/38—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets having a fibrous composition differing from that of other sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of producing metal fiber webs on a papermaking machine by depositing a dispersion of metallic fibers on a primary layer of supporting papermaking fibers previously formed on the wire screen of a papermaking machine, which procedure permits the formation of metallic fiber webs on papermaking machines without entanglement of the metallic fibers in the meshes of the papermaking screen.
  • This invention relates to new and improved methods for producing webs comprising a major portion of metal fibers, and to the products produced thereby. More particularly, the method of the invention permits the production over extended time periods of continuous metal fiber webs of improved strength using methods analogous to papermaking.
  • metal fiber webs wherein the metal fibers are deposited from liquid dispersions
  • machines of the type used for papermaking may be employed wherein the metal fiber dispersion is flowed, as by a head box, onto a continuous forming wire.
  • the wet web may be compacted by press rollers, dried, and subjected to such other treatments as may be desired to produce a finished product having properties adapting it to a particular use.
  • the entanglement of metal fibers in the meshes of the forming wire is greatly reduced or substantially eliminated so that continuous production may be attained over much greater time periods and the useful life of the forming wires is greatly extended.
  • This is accomplished, according to this inven- Patented May 19, 1970 tion, by depositing a primary layer of carrier fibers on the forming wire prior to the deposition of the metal fiber dispersion.
  • the primary layer of carrier fibers is delivered to the forming wire by means of the first head box of a papermachine, while the metal fiber dispersion is distributed, by means of a secondary head box, on top of the pre-formed primary layer.
  • this primary layer effectively prevent or greatly reduce entanglement of metal fibers in the meshes of the forming wire, it also provides additional strength and support to the wet, weak metal fiber web, thus reducing web-breaks and generally improving operating efficiency.
  • a further object is to provide additional support to a metal fiber web to improve its handling properties during its manufacturing steps.
  • Yet another object is to provide a metal fiber web having a layer of supporting fibers on at least one surface thereof.
  • Still another object is to provide a method whereby metal fiber webs thinner than was heretobefore possible may be produced.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic elevation view of one form of apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-section, highly magnified, of one embodiment of the product of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-section, highly magnified, of another embodiment of the product of the invention.
  • the process of the invention may be carried out on a variety of types of known papermaking machines, in many cases with little or no modification required.
  • Conventional Fourdriniers, rotoformers and up-hill wire machines are especially well-adapted t0 the method, and other known types can be converted, usually at modest cost, to perform the process.
  • the primary requirement resides in the provision of means to deposit a metal fiber dispersion onto a primary layer of supporting fibers, the primary layer being deposited prior to the deposition of the metal fibers.
  • a dispersion of supporting fibers is delivered from primary head box 10 onto forming wire 11 of a Fourdrinier papermachine.
  • the supporting fibers are formed into a web by drainage of the dispersing liquid, usually water, therefrom, through the action of gravity, table rolls 12 and suction boxes 13, all as well-known in the art.
  • a dispersion of metal fibers is delivered by secondary head box 14 onto the primary layer of supporting fibers at 15 and formed into an interfelted layer thereon by removal of the dispersing liquid by means of suction boxes 16 and suction applied by suction couch roll 17.
  • the metal fiber dispersion is deposited on the primary layer of supporting fibers, there is some intermingling of the metal fibers with the supporting fibers, but this is insufficient to extend through the primary layer, and the metal fibers are generally prevented from coming into direct contact with forming wire 11.
  • the metal fiber dispersion can be deposited on the primary layer of supporting fibers at a point after the primary layer has been removed from forming wire 11, as by up-hill applicator head box 20.
  • the up-hill applicator embodies an endless wire screen 21 trained around rolls 22, 23, 24 so as to give an upwardly inclined run of screen as shown between rolls 22 and 24.
  • Suction means 25 is located to remove liquid from the metal fiber dispersion through the primary layer and the screen.
  • intermingling of the metal fibers with supporting fibers in the primary layer is reduced, since the water content of the primary layer is lower in this instance, although some intermingling does occur, and this is desired, since it unites the primary layer with the metal fiber layer into a unitary structure of significantly improved strength compared to that attainable with interfelted metal fibers, either alone or admixed with other suspending fibers.
  • the composite web may be compacted by pressing, by means of press rolls 30, 31 to the desired density and drying or such other manufacturing steps as may be dictated by the intended end use of the metal fiber web. Such steps may involve any one or more drying, calendering, sintering, resin impregnation, chemical treatment and the like.
  • a three or more layered structure may be produced by depositing a primary layer by means of head box 10, a metal fiber layer or layers by means of one or more secondary head boxes 14, and a top supporting layer by means of up-hill applicator head box 20.
  • FIG. 2 a diagrammatic sectional view of the product of the invention is shown, wherein the primary layer of supporting fibers is indicated by 40, the metal fiber layer by 41, and the zone of intermingled metal and supporting fibers by 42.
  • FIG. 3 shows a three layer structure wherein a primary layer is shown at 45, a metal fiber layer at 46 and a top supporting layer at 47.
  • a first zone of intermingling of metal fibers and supporting fibers is indicated at 48 and a second zone of intermingling of metal fibers and supporting fibers is indicated at 49.
  • Such a product exhibits still higher strength, and has the added advantage of reducing abrasion of press and calender rolls which operate in contact with the composite metal fiber web.
  • Supporting fibers used for the primary layer may be selected from a wide range of papermaking fibers.
  • Cellulosic fibers such as rag or wood pulp are generally preferred because of their relatively low cost, but vegetable fibers such as cotton linters, ramie, hemp, sisal, mitsumata and the like are effective, as also are synthetic organic fibers such as acrylic, nylon, polyester, rayon and the like.
  • Sub-micron glass fibers may also be used, since such fibers, with a diameter ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 micron, deposit into a web of adequate strength for this use and will also prevent or minimize entanglement of metal fibers in the meshes of the forming wire.
  • Cellulosic fibers such as rag are well-suited for use when the finished product is to be a sintered metal fiber web free of organic matter, as these can be completely removed in the sintering operation.
  • the thickness or weight of the primary layer may fall within fairly wide limits, and again, the end use requirements and type of metal fiber used will govern the acceptable or preferred range. In most instances, the primary layer should be of a minimum thickness to protect the forming wire and provide adequate strength for handling the composite metal fiber web through the remaining steps of the process. Generally, primary layers weighing from 6 to 10 pounds, dry basis, per ream of 3000 square feet are effective, although higher weights per ream than this may be desired for some purposes. The higher ream weights are preferred for use with relatively short metal fibers of relatively large cross sectional area,
  • the lower ream weights are preferred for use with relatively long metal fibers of relatively small cross sectional area.
  • the thickness or weight per unit area of the metal fiber layer will influence the selection of the ream weight for the supporting layer, the thicker metal fiber layers generally permitting the use of thicker primary layers.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Cotton rag pulp, beaten to a freeness of 280 ml. (Canadian standard) and at a consistency of 0.5% was delivered to the primary head box of a Fourdrinier papermachine and a web formed therefrom having a basis Weight (dry basis) of 8 lb. per ream of 3000 square feet. concomitantly, nickel fibers dispersed in water at a concentration of 5% by weight were delivered to the secondary head box of the same papermachine. The nickel fibers were deposited as an interfelted web weighing 260 1b., dry basis, per ream of 3000 square feet. The composite web, weighing 268 lb.
  • EXAMPLE 2 1.5 denier acrylic fibers of papermaking length were suspended in water at a consistency of 0.1% and delivered to the primary head box of a Fourdrinier papermachine and a primary layer formed therefrom having a basis weight .(dry basis) of 10 lb. per ream of 3000 square feet.
  • a dispersion of stainless steel metal fibers containing 7.5% by weight (dry basis) of highly beaten rag fibers and having a total fiber concentration in the dispersion of 8% by weight was delivered to the head box of an up-hill applicator located between the wire section and the press section of the same Fourdrinier machine.
  • a layer of stainless steel fibers having rag fibers intermixed therewith was deposited on top of the primary layer of acrylic fibers.
  • This stainless steel fiber layer weighed 600 lb. (dry basis) per 3000 square feet.
  • the resulting composite web was pressed and dried, and had adequate strength for the handling required in its further processing. Examination of the product revealed a zone between the acrylic primary layer and the stainless steel fiber layer wherein there was intermingling of the fibers making up the two layers.
  • the stanless steel fibers were added to the system at a point beyond the Fourdrinier forming wire section, so there was no possibility for entanglement of the stainless steel fibers in the meshes of the forming wire.
  • the pre-formed primary layer of acrylic fibers prevented or minimized entanglement of stainless steel fibers in the wire screen of the up-hill applicator.
  • a process for producing metal fiber webs having increased strength on a papermaking machine such that the metal fibers are prevented from becoming entangled with the papermaking wire screen comprising the steps of depositing on a wire screen of a papermaking machine a slurry of papermaking fibers in a dispersing liquid, drainmg said dispersing liquid to produce a primary layer of support fibers, depositing on said primary layer of fibers on said wire screen a dispersion of metallic fibers in water, thereafter draining said water whereby said primary layer of fibers and said metallic fibers become partially inter mingled, thereby producing a composite web of metallic fibers and papermaking fibers with an intermingled zone therebetween.
  • said papermaking fibers are glass fibers having a diameter of from 0.2 to 1.0 micron.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US568281A 1966-07-27 1966-07-27 Method for producing metal fiber webs on a papermaking machine Expired - Lifetime US3513069A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US56828166A 1966-07-27 1966-07-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3513069A true US3513069A (en) 1970-05-19

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US568281A Expired - Lifetime US3513069A (en) 1966-07-27 1966-07-27 Method for producing metal fiber webs on a papermaking machine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3513069A (de)
AT (1) AT291739B (de)
CH (1) CH456332A (de)
ES (1) ES343375A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1530827A (de)
GB (1) GB1144090A (de)
IL (1) IL28165A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105887550A (zh) * 2014-08-28 2016-08-24 李朝旺 全无氯功能型宣纸喷浆仪
CN105887549A (zh) * 2014-08-28 2016-08-24 李朝旺 全无氯功能型宣纸及制作方法
CN110088369A (zh) * 2017-01-16 2019-08-02 株式会社巴川制纸所 缓冲纸

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54125709A (en) * 1978-01-31 1979-09-29 Fuji Mfg Co Ltd Apparatus for producing fiberboard
FR2425937A1 (fr) * 1978-05-17 1979-12-14 Arjomari Prioux Structure fibreuse contenant des fibres metalliques, son procede de preparation, et son application notamment dans l'industrie du papier

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2098733A (en) * 1937-09-20 1937-11-09 Hummel Ross Fibre Corp Plyboard
US2881072A (en) * 1956-01-17 1959-04-07 Fibrofelt Corp Method of making reinforced multiply paper

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2098733A (en) * 1937-09-20 1937-11-09 Hummel Ross Fibre Corp Plyboard
US2881072A (en) * 1956-01-17 1959-04-07 Fibrofelt Corp Method of making reinforced multiply paper

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105887550A (zh) * 2014-08-28 2016-08-24 李朝旺 全无氯功能型宣纸喷浆仪
CN105887549A (zh) * 2014-08-28 2016-08-24 李朝旺 全无氯功能型宣纸及制作方法
CN105887550B (zh) * 2014-08-28 2018-09-14 李朝旺 全无氯功能型宣纸喷浆仪
CN110088369A (zh) * 2017-01-16 2019-08-02 株式会社巴川制纸所 缓冲纸
EP3569751A4 (de) * 2017-01-16 2020-09-09 Tomoegawa Co., Ltd. Dämpfungspapier
US10988876B2 (en) 2017-01-16 2021-04-27 Tomoegawa Co., Ltd Cushion paper
CN110088369B (zh) * 2017-01-16 2022-02-11 株式会社巴川制纸所 缓冲纸

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH456332A (de) 1968-07-15
AT291739B (de) 1971-07-26
GB1144090A (en) 1969-03-05
FR1530827A (fr) 1968-06-28
ES343375A1 (es) 1968-12-01
IL28165A (en) 1971-02-25

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