US3519030A - Method for projecting a thread under influence of a confined jet of a pressurized fluid - Google Patents

Method for projecting a thread under influence of a confined jet of a pressurized fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
US3519030A
US3519030A US762589A US3519030DA US3519030A US 3519030 A US3519030 A US 3519030A US 762589 A US762589 A US 762589A US 3519030D A US3519030D A US 3519030DA US 3519030 A US3519030 A US 3519030A
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thread
fluid
jet
driving
mass
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US762589A
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English (en)
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Geert Jan Vermeulen
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for projecting a thread under influence of a confined jet of a pressurized fluid. Moreover the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • Such a method is particularly important in the textile industry where the need exists to project a thread in the shed of a loom in an automatic and quick manner.
  • the driving fluid is caused as a concentrated jet to skim along the thread so that if the thread were in the center of the jet, the interrelation between driving fluid and thread would be a matter of pure friction. Due to turbulent activities of the driving fluid at the speeds used in practice the stress falls notwithstanding on the collision effect, the friction effect being secondary. Other factors involved are the density of the medium and the relative velocity of the thread in respect of the medium.
  • the method according to the invention eliminates these drawbacks in that only locally the thread is made heavier and the driving jet is confined to that heavier portion of the thread, the driving fluid as a whole being made operative during only a fraction of the time necessary for the thread to be displaced over its full length.
  • the power needed for the driving fluid can be reduced considerably.
  • the heavier thread portion is more resistant against the mechanical force of the driving jet and the risk that the structure of the thread is disturbed, is lessened.
  • the above principle can be elaborated in various ways. For example a thickening or other deformation of the proper material of the thread may be provided in the shape of a knot, a node, a loop or a wrinkle applied manually or mechanically for instance by local heating (in the case of natural fibres by sintering, in the case of artificial fibres by fusing) or by external forces. It is also possible to form a particle of foreign material on the thread.
  • This compound may be a liquid absorbed by a thread after condensation of a vapour, or a solid being deposited on the thread after sublimation of a vapour or liquid.
  • examples of such compounds are water, liquefied air, sodium and solid C0
  • the thread acts as a carrier or substrate of condensation or absorption nuclei. It will be obvious that the rawer the fibre is, the greater is the number of condensation or absorption nuclei, so that the condensation or absorption is greatly facilitated.
  • the velocity imparted to the thread can considerably be increased according to another feature of the invention by applying as the proper driving fluid a fluid being heavier than air under normal circumstances.
  • This fluid may be injected as vapour, as liquid or as solid and, as the case may be, may be mixed with air or another inert gas, the liquid or solid being sprayed as a mist of fine particles.
  • This efficiency can be increased according to a particular measure of the invention by applying as proper driving fluid the same compound being used for enlarging the mass of the thread.
  • the term the same compound is meant to include not only a compound acting both as driving fluid and as mass enlarging means and that occurs in one single aggregation state, but also one that occurs simultaneously in different aggregation states. In this latter case the driving fluid occurs in one aggregation state and the mass enlarging means in another one, of the compound concerned. It is then possible to make use of air or even substances lighter than air. Examples of such binary systems falling under the above definition are: Water-water, steam-water, air-liquid air, ether vapour-ether liquid.
  • a water phobic compound such as a volatile oil is applied on the thread with the exception of the portion to be made heavier, before projecting on the thread the water jet acting as a driving fluid.
  • Water acting as the proper propelling agent is sprayed under high pressure and the short lasting jet is so directed that it only hits a small portion of the thread to be projected.
  • the use of water as driving fluid already causes an enlargement of the mass of the driving fluid, absorption of water droplets in the thread also occurs, the fibres acting as absorption nuclei, resulting in a local enlargement of the mass of the thread.
  • water is suddenly converted into steam resulting in a very expansive driving fluid of which the mass is greater than air. Since this confined steam jet condenses on the fibres acting as condensation nuclei, the mass of the thread is again locally enlarged, so that here also two effects may be observed mutually fortifying each other.
  • the invention also provides some measures relating to the support of the thread during its transport by the driving fluid.
  • air is used to that end, but not in combination with a thread having locally been made heavier.
  • such combination is used in that apart from the driving fluid use is made of still another fluid destined to transport the thread whilst supporting it and being operative during the remainder of the time necessary for displacing the thread over its full length.
  • Suitable transporting fluids are air, steam or water, in the latter case care being taken of ensuring that the greater part of the thread has been rendered waterphobic.
  • Efficiency can the obtained in that in accordance with a further feature of the invention as transport fluid the same fluid is used as that used for driving the thread.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention in which a thread is launched by means of a confined jet of a pressurized fluid and provided with a jet nozzle is characterized by a space containing a means for enlarging the mass of the thread and having a passage for conducting the mass enlarging means to part of the thread being presented to the nozzle, means being provided to inject the mass enlarging means only during a short period of time.
  • the device is further characterized in that the passage forms part of the jet nozzle.
  • the mass enlarging means acts simultaneously as driving fluid.
  • the jet nozzle may be provided with an additional jet nozzle one nozzle serving for supplying the driving fluid and the other one for supplying the mass enlarging means.
  • Means for depositing the mass enlarging compound may be of galvanic, electro-static, magnetic or the like nature.
  • the mass enlarging means can be applied on the thread in a mechanical way.
  • a device is further characterized by means for heating a volatile compound serving as a driving fluid.
  • FIGS. lillustrate very diagrammatically a thread and its ambience, a gaseous (light) fluid being denoted in dashed lines and a liquid (heavy) fluid in full lines.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate conventional methods
  • FIGS. 3-5 serve as illustration of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 a thread 1 is shown being driven and wholly enclosed by a water jet indicated by full lines 2.
  • the whole thread becomes wet and the water not only serves for increasing the mass of the thread thereby preventing the thread structure from being disturbed or even destroyed by the force of the water jet, but also as a driving fluid and a transporting fluid.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another method now in use.
  • the thread 1 is wholly enclosed by a gaseous fluid (air) indicated with dashed lines 3 and serving as driving fluid and also as transporting fluid.
  • a gaseous fluid air
  • dashed lines 3 serving as driving fluid and also as transporting fluid.
  • FIGS. 3-5 the local increase in mass of the thread is diagrammatically indicated with line section 4.
  • driving fluid use is made of a short lasting liquid jet 2.
  • FIG. 3 is also indicated with reference number 3 a gaseous transporting fluid
  • FIG. 4 the driving fluid 2 is followed by a transporting fluid 5 progressively passing over from a liquid fluid 6 through an admixture of liquid-j-gaseous fluid 7 into a gaseous fluid 8.
  • a transporting fluid is lacking completely in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 6 a device is represented for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the thread 1 is located in a cavity 11 of a core 12 of a jet nozzle generally indicated by reference numeral 10, slidably arranged in a rigidly mounted housing 13, of which the mouth 14 ends near the mouth 15 of the core 12.
  • a ring-shaped chamber 16 is provided which narrows into a ring-shaped gap 17.
  • the ringshaped chamber 16 contains the driving fluid which for a very short time is expulsed under pressure through the ring-shaped gap 17, in front of the cavity 11.
  • the faces 18, 19 defining the ring-shaped gap 17 are inclined such that a confined driving jet leaves the ring-shaped gap 17 and impinges upon the thread 1 on a very restricted part thereof thereby increasing the mass of the thread locally.
  • the compound contained in the ring-shaped chamber 16 serves both as driving fluid and as a compound for increasing the mass of the thread.
  • a heating filament 26 can be provided on the outer circumference at the end of the core 12 near the mouth 15 so that the liquid contained in the ringshaped chamber 16 can be ejected as a vapour and the driving fluid can pass through the ring-shaped gap 17 as an expansive vapour.
  • a cap 27 with mix-ing tube 270 is provided at the leading end of the housing 13, the axial bore 28 of the tube being in registry with the cavity 11 in the core 12.
  • a bore 29 permits a cooling gas to enter into the bore 28 of the mixing tube 27w causing the expansive vapour to be deposited onto the thread.
  • air can be admitted as a transporting (supporting) fluid.
  • Conduits can be connected to the bores 21 and 29 said conduits being coupled to a controlling means for establishing the moment and the duration of and the mutual delays between the injection of the driving fluid and that of the cooling means.
  • a ring-shaped recess 30 is provided on the core 12.
  • a method of projecting a thread under the influence of a confined jet of pressurized fluid comprising the step of increasing the weight of a local portion of the thread, wherein the improvement comprises the steps of (a) discharging a high velocity driving jet of fluid in driving engagement with such thread portion, the discharging of the driving jet being continued during only a fraction of the time necessary for the thread to be displaced over its full length, and ([b) subsequently continuing a separate flow of a supporting and transporting fluid, in contact with the thread during the remainder of the time necessary for displacing the thread over its full length.
  • a method according to claim 5 comprising the steps of introducing a condensable or sublimable substance in a state other than the vapor state, in proximity to the thread, and then heating to convert the substance into an expansive vapor.
  • Apparatus for projecting a thread under the influence of a confined jet of pressurized fluid comprising a passage for conducting a thread and a transporting fluid for the thread, wherein the improvement comprises an annular nozzle which surrounds the end of the passage and is provided with a core which normally closes the annular nozzle but is axially displaceable for discharging a high velocity annular jet of fluid in driving engagement with a thread that extends out of the end of the passage.
  • Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the passage for conducting a thread and a transporting fluid for the thread extends through the axially displaceable core.
  • Apparatus according to claim 9 comprising means for heating the interior of the annular nozzle to produce a vapor to be discharged as a high velocity annular jet upon displacement of the core.
  • Apparatus according to claim 11 comprising a tubular jacket extending beyond the end of the passage and a conduit for introducing a cooling gas into the jacket, around a thread extending out of the end of the 8 passage, to cause vapor discharged from the annular nozzle in engagement with the thread to condense upon the thread.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US762589A 1967-09-26 1968-09-25 Method for projecting a thread under influence of a confined jet of a pressurized fluid Expired - Lifetime US3519030A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB43870/67A GB1213992A (en) 1967-09-26 1967-09-26 Improvements in jet looms

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3519030A true US3519030A (en) 1970-07-07

Family

ID=10430693

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US762589A Expired - Lifetime US3519030A (en) 1967-09-26 1968-09-25 Method for projecting a thread under influence of a confined jet of a pressurized fluid

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3519030A (de)
BE (1) BE721353A (de)
CH (1) CH492811A (de)
DE (1) DE1785439C3 (de)
FR (1) FR1588949A (de)
GB (1) GB1213992A (de)
NL (1) NL6813739A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4369817A (en) * 1978-01-06 1983-01-25 Nissan Motor Company Limited Weft picking device of air jet type weaving loom
US4411294A (en) * 1977-03-15 1983-10-25 Cornellier Joseph R Method and apparatus for inserting weft filaments
US4848416A (en) * 1986-01-03 1989-07-18 Aktiebolaget Iro Weft yarn insertion nozzle device
US6223783B1 (en) * 1997-05-28 2001-05-01 Picanol N.V. Filling insertion system for an air jet weaving machine
US20080135125A1 (en) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-12 Sultex Ag Method and apparatus for the insertion of weft threads

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5771445A (en) * 1980-10-15 1982-05-04 Nissan Motor Wefting nozzle of air jet type loom

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3180368A (en) * 1962-01-23 1965-04-27 Prince Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Device for projecting weft yarns in fluid jet type shuttleless loom
US3367373A (en) * 1965-02-19 1968-02-06 Strake Maschf Nv Weft inserting nozzle
US3394740A (en) * 1966-10-04 1968-07-30 Carrington & Dewhurst Ltd Shuttleless weaving

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3180368A (en) * 1962-01-23 1965-04-27 Prince Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Device for projecting weft yarns in fluid jet type shuttleless loom
US3367373A (en) * 1965-02-19 1968-02-06 Strake Maschf Nv Weft inserting nozzle
US3394740A (en) * 1966-10-04 1968-07-30 Carrington & Dewhurst Ltd Shuttleless weaving

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4411294A (en) * 1977-03-15 1983-10-25 Cornellier Joseph R Method and apparatus for inserting weft filaments
US4369817A (en) * 1978-01-06 1983-01-25 Nissan Motor Company Limited Weft picking device of air jet type weaving loom
US4848416A (en) * 1986-01-03 1989-07-18 Aktiebolaget Iro Weft yarn insertion nozzle device
US6223783B1 (en) * 1997-05-28 2001-05-01 Picanol N.V. Filling insertion system for an air jet weaving machine
US20080135125A1 (en) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-12 Sultex Ag Method and apparatus for the insertion of weft threads
US7748414B2 (en) * 2006-12-12 2010-07-06 Itema (Switzerland) Ltd Method and apparatus for the insertion of weft threads

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1785439B2 (de) 1978-10-19
CH492811A (de) 1970-06-30
FR1588949A (de) 1970-03-16
BE721353A (de) 1969-03-03
NL6813739A (de) 1969-03-28
DE1785439A1 (de) 1972-02-10
GB1213992A (en) 1970-11-25
DE1785439C3 (de) 1979-06-13

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