US355771A - linyille - Google Patents

Description

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ELECTRIC MOTOR.

No. 355,771. Patented Jan. 11,1887;

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J. H. LINVILLE.

ELEGTRIO MOTOR.

No. 355,771. F153; Patented Jan. 11, 1887.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. H. LINVILLE.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

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WITNEESEE:

UNITED STATES PATENT Orricn,

JACOB H. LINVILLE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSlfGNOi-t TO THE INTERNATIONAL PRINTING TELEGRAPH COMPANY, ()F CAMDEN, N. J.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

EPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 355,771, dated January 11, 1887.

Applicaiion filed March 13, 1886. Renewed December 13. 1886. Serial No. 221,490. (No model.)

To all whom itmcty concern.-

, Be it known that I, J A0013 H. LINVILLE, of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrometors, of which improvements the following is a s iiecification.

My invention relates to step-by-step electromotors, and means for controlling their speed, and for operating similar motors in series in the same electrical circuit.

The object of my invention is to provide a rapid and reliable step-by-step electromotor, which shall be automatic in its movement and regulation, and applicable to printing -telegraphs and other apparatus where a step bystep movement is required; and to which ends it consists in connecting by similar gearing two shafts carrying star or ratchet wheels, in order that these wheels may move in opposite directions at similar speed and alternately present ratchet or star wheel indentations to thepawl or wedge pallets on their respective levers vi-- brated alternately and successively by the re spective armatures as their electromagnets are successively and alternately energized, the motion imparted thereby to one wedge-pallet scape or ratchet wheel on one shaft being commu nieated through similar gearing to the other wcdgepallet scape or ratchet wheel and shaft. By this arrangement and organization the re spective pawls or pallets on each lever act with equal leverage and an equal angular motion is imparted to the ratchet or star wheels by the vibrations of the levers, which is not the case when the pawls and pallets act alternately on a ratchet or star wheel secured to a single shaft. The revolution of the shafts, caused by the action of the electro-magnets with their armatures, levers, and pawls or pallets, rotates a circ uit-pnlsator to automatically close and break the circuitsthrough the electro-magnets at the instant when the armatures have just completed their respective backwardand forward movement, resulting in a continuous step-bystep rotation of the respective shafts until arrested by a continued make or break of circuit. When by the depression of a double-line key the circuit is simultaneously closed in both conductors through a differential electro-magnet, the shafts and elec- The electromotor may be organized to oper-' ate with single ratchet, or star wheels, pawllevers, and electro magnets by a single line,or by two or more of such ratchet orstar wheels, pawl-levers, electro-magnets, and conductors, as the operation in either case is the same.

The speed of the electroniotor is controlled by a governor so organized that vertical motion is imparted to a conical hub on the shaft of a centrifugal governor by changes of speed which increases or diminishes the divergence of the governor-arms. An arm bearing against this conical hub regulates the distance of the pole-piece of a pivoted electro-magnct from the periphery of a diamagnetic wheel on the governor-sh aft, permitting the pole to move by the action of a spring toward the wheel as the arms of the governor diverge in consequence of an increase of speed, and forcing it away from the wheel as the speed decreases.

The governing electro-magnet is preferably in a shunt-circuit, but may be in the mainline circuit or in a branch thereof, and the intensity of its magnetization will always hear a definite relation to the intensity of magnetization of the motor electro magnets, whatever variation may occur in the strength of the battery, and hence it must follow that the governor can be adjusted to maintain regular speed of the electroinctor irrespective oi'variations in the strength of the current, and that this speed may be diminished or increased by diverting more or less of the current through the coils of the governing electro-magnet or by adjusting its pole at a greater or less distance from its diamagnetic wheel.

On the pawl-levers are placed arms which lock the ratchet-wheels at each step-by-step movement. One of the shafts carries a spacingwheel, at any division of which the shaft may be stopped and firmly held by the armaturelever of a differential electromagnet included in doubleline circuits, when both circuits are simultaneously closed or broken. The circuits connecting several of these electromotors are so organized that one of the series with cou ductors alternately in closed and open circuits through suitable keys, a sunflower, electromagnets, and a battery, may be employed to ICO operate other similar elcctromotors and cause a synchronous movement of the electromotors by sending pulsations over the lines connect-- ing the same, to energize the electroanagncts of the driven motors, and by a change of circuits through a suitable switch any motor in .the series may be made to operate the others.

All the motors may be arrested simultaneously by a differential electro-magnet in the IO circuit of both conductors. A double electroinagnet may be arranged in two circuits of a battery to vibrate a single lever acting to move each electromotor, the closed circuit keys being in electrical connection alternately with the respective branches of this electro-niagnet through the segments of a suntiower, the brushes of which alternately close the circuit through said keys. \Vhen the circuit is interrupted by the depression of any key, the elect-romotors in circuit will be arrested.

I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of an electromotor, showing two shafts with two ratchetwheels on each shaft. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof, showing the lower ratchet-wheels and mech anism below the line a: (0 of Fig. 2. Fig. el is a plan view and horizontal section of the electromotor taken below the top plate, showing the upper ratchet-wheels, gear-wheels, governor, and mechanism operating in connection therewith. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the starwheel and wedge-pallet escapements, showing two shafts geared together by gear-wheels of similar diameter and each carrying two similar star-wheels. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a wedgepallet eseapement consisting of single starwheels on each of two shafts geared together by gear-wheels of similar diameter and oper' ated by pallets on a single lever vibrating between the star-wheels. Fig. 7 is a theoretical diagrammatic vicwol" the circuits, showing the connection and operation ol'two eleetromotors,

designated as "driving and driven motors, when the doubleline electrical circuits are connected through a sunflower and suitable eontact-keys. Fig. 8 is a plan view of a single lever-escapement operated by alternate pulsations over two conductors and driving two star-wheels on separate shalt-s geared together by gear-wheels of similar diameter; and Fig. 9 is a top or plan view of the balancewheel, showing also the shalt, slot, and pin connection and a portion of the helicoidal sprin Referring now to the drawings, in any suit able frame-work consisting of a base, A, posts '6 P P, and cap 13, I arrange two vertical shafts, X X, pivoted in bearings 05, 0;, m, and a), and geared together by gear-wheels H H, of similar diameter, secured to the respective shafts XX to insure equal speed of these shafts.

These shal'ts X X carry each two ratchet wheels, 0" d 6 d secured thereto, the number of teeth in these ratchet-wheels being the same.

In Figs. 3 and i ten teeth are. shown in each wheel; but the number of teeth, of course, it will be readily understood. is immaterial.

The upper ratchets, (Z d Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, are operated by the combined action of the electro-niagnet D, with its armature (Z, pawllever (7,, pawls d and (1, having springs (Z, back-stops (1 through the posts P, trunnions supported in the frame (1?, and a. retractingspring. (1, adjustable by screw (1 passing through the post 1 into collars d, and jamnut (Z to retain the adjustment. The lower ratchets, 0' 0 are similarly operated by the eleclroanagnet E, with its arn'iature e, pawllever c, pawls e and 0, having springs If, back-stops c, through the posts P, trunnions supported in the frame c*, and a rctractii'igspring, 0, adjustable by the screw c, passing through the post P, with collar 0, and jamnut e to retain the adjustment.

The pawl-levers d and c carry locking-arms d and e, which impinge against the ends of the teeth d" d e" and a when the pawl-1e vers are vibrated, as hereinafter more fully explained.

On the shaft X isa double-line pulsator, G, composedof two independent divisions, g" and 5/ and having in each part thereof as many metallic contacts and f in the circuit of the respective conductors as there are teeth in each ratchetwrheel. The contacts 5 are midway between thecontactsg and the insulations g and 9 occur in the intervening space between the contact 9" and that of the contact The divisions g" and ol' the pulsator Gare insulated from each other and from the contactsy and M, which latter are in electrical connection, respectively, with the metallic col lars g and g. The entire pulsator G is insulated from the shaft X, and from the collars g and g. The collars g" and are secured to the pulsator G, and, together with it, are loose on the shaft X, and the entire combina tion is supported loosely on the collar 11", se' cured to the shaft X. The balance-wheel g, while loose on the shaft X, is secured. to the pulsator G, and the collar 9" to the shalt X. The pin is secured to the balance-wheel and passes through an aperture in the collar g, slightly larger than this pin g, to permit a slight advance of the balance-wheel g and the pulsator G when the shaft X is arrested. Ci 1' cuit'springs g and g, attached to a block, 9, of insulating material, respectively bear on the collars g and g and springs g" and f bear, respectively, on the contacts 1/ and and insulations g and f.

The portions of thedivisions g" and y imniediately above and below the contacts and {f and insulations g" and g are made of insulating material. The helicoidal spring 9 is secured to the shaft X and to the balancewheel 9", and is available, if desired, to accelerate the forward movementof the balance wheel when the shaft X is arrested.

The electro-magnet C G is wound differentially, the conductors being connected to coils which pass in opposite directions around the cores of this electromagnet. The spacingwheel 0 is secured to the shaft X, and has as many teeth in it as there are teeth in the four 1fil0l'l6i3-\ifll8l8, or in all forty teeth, as shown in Fig. 3. The armature c is secured to the lever 0 pivoted at 0 and adjustable by the spring 0 and adjusting-rod cflpassing through the split post 0. On the lever e is an arm, 0', which engages in the teeth of the spacingwheel 0 when the electrounagnet O O is inoperative.

The centrifugal governor K is secured to the shaft is by the collar 76, and causes the conical hub k which is free, to rise and fall as the governor-balls It diverge or approach each other. The conical'hub is prevented from turning on the shaft 7c by the pins which move freely in the collar [0 fixed to the shaft k. The gear-wheel H is loose on the shaft Ir and is controlled by a clutching device, L, consisting of the movable clutch Z with'pins Z and Z, moving freely on the collar Z, which is secured to the shaft is. The forked lever Z, pivoted near its center, embraces the clutch Z in the usual manner by means of a fork and pins engaging in a groove in this clutch, and may be held in position by notches in the arm Z", as shown in Fig. l, and the operation of the parts is such that when the'clutch Z is raised it disengages from the clutch Z secured to the gear-wheel H, permitting free movement of this wheel on the shaft k, whereupon the wheel H revolves without turning the shalt 7c and the centrifugal governor K; but when the clutch Z is engaged with the clutch Z on the gear-wheel H both the shaftand centrifugal governor are revolved by this Wheel.

The double-coil eleetromagnet F F has coils wound in the same direction around its cores. It is supported on trunuious f pivoted on supportsf", and has a projecting arm, f, extending at right anglesto its trunnions and secured thereto. The arm f bears on an elastic spring, f tending to tilt the electrorodf, pivoted on trunnions f, and having a pivoted connection atf with the distancerod f".

The object of the forked rod f is to brace the rod f" laterally and at the same time insure parallel motion of the same. The endf of the distance-rod f bears against the conical hub k and when the balls of the governor K diverge in consequence of increased speed the conical hub is thereby raised and the distancerod permits the pole-piece f of the electromagnet F F to approach nearer to the riinf". \Vhen this electro inagnetis energized, as hereinafter more particularly explained, the effect will be to retard the speed of the shaft k, and

as the speed is retarded the governonballs will consequently converge, lowering the hub it and increasing the distance of the polepiecef from the rimf, thereby diminishing the magnetic attraction between the pole-piece f and the rim f, and permitting ail-increase of speed of the shaft it. Further regulation of the speed is also effected by the adjustment of the distance between the pole-piecef and the rirnf through the screw f, and by varying the resistance in the circuit by the adj ustable resistances R and R.

The double-line key 0 has insulated terminals 0" and 0', connected by the spring 0' and terminals 0 and 0", connected by the spring 0. The button 0 on the insulated bar 0 is employed to depress the springs and to close the contacts at 0 and 0" simultaneously.

The electrical circuits as shown in Fig. 1 will now be described.

The circuit from the positive electrode of the battery Z is by the conductors 50, 51, and ($0, to the spring g of the pulsator G, thence by the hub g" and contact to the spring 9 thence by the eond actor 61 to the electro-magnet 0, through the coils of the electro-magnet G, thence by the conductor 62 to the electromagnet E, through the coils of the electromagnet E, thence by the conductors 63 and 59 to the negative electrode of the battery Z. The other conductor, 52, branching from the couductor 51, passes through the spring 9*, hub 9 contact 9, spring 9", conductor 53, to the electromagnet 0, through the coils of the electro-inagnet O, and by conductors 54 and 55 to the electro'magnet D, through the coils of the ele0tr0-magnet D, and by conductors 56, 57, 58, and 59 to the negative electrode of the battery Z. A branch circuit, 70, from the conductor 50 branches by conductors 71 and 72 to the terminals 0 and 0 of the double-line key 0, the conductor 7L continuing by spring a 0, contact 0 conductors 73 and 74, to ajunction'with the conductor 53, where it connects with the coils of the electro-inagnet O, and the conductor 72 continuing by spring 0 contact 0, and the conductors 75 and 76, to ajunction with the conductor 61, where it connects with the coils of the electromagnet C. One branch of the double-shunt circuit through the coils of the elcctro-maguet E 1 originates at the connection between the conductors 55 and 64:, thence passes by the conductor 64, through the resistance R, to the eleciro-inagnet F, through the coils of the electro-niagnet F, conductor 05, to the junction with the conductor 57. The other branch originates at the junction of the conductors 62 and 6G. The conductor 66 passing through the resistance R, connects with the coils of the electro-magnet F, thence by the conductor 67 to a junction-with the conductor 57 in the main circuit, hereiuabove de scribed. When the doubledine key 0 is closed, it is evident that there is a direct path for the current by-both conductors through the differential electro magnet O 0, whether the springs g and g bear on contacts or insu1ations. The current will divide between the eleetro-magnets Dand F and Band F, according to the laws governing shunt-circuits, and the intensity of the current in the electromagnet F F may be varied at will by varying the resistances R and It.

The operation of the devices shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 will be explained in the following manner: The ratchet-wheel e islocked by the locking-arm e impinging against atooth, e. The spring 9 has reached a contact with con tact g on the lower division, g, of thepulsator G. The circuit through the electro-magnets G, E, and F will therefore be closed through their respective conductors and the electromagnet G will attract its armature c and release the spacing-wheelc. The electromagnet E will be energized, attracting its armature c and causing the pawl c to engage in a tooth of the ratchet-wheel 6 moving this wheel one-fortieth of a revolution to the right, and the ratchet wheel a simultaneously mov ing in a reverse direction, through the gearwheels H and H, one-fortieth of a' revolution to the left. The pawl 0" will have moved a space equal to one-fourth of a tooth in the ratchet-wheel c", or one-fortieth of a revolution of the wheel, and will now engage in the tooth 0, while the tooth e of the ratchetwheel e will be held by the locking arm 6. The motion of the ratchet-wheel 6 causes the pulsator G to-revolve so as to break the circuit through the electro-magnet E. The pawllever e is consequently moved in the opposite direction by the retractingspring e and the ratchet-wheels c and c are moved thereby so that they occupy the relative positions to their pawls and locking-arms as shown in Fig. 4: by the positions ofthe ratchet-wheels d and cl andpawls d and d, and as these latter ratcheti wheels have moved synchronously with the ratchet-wheels e and e they will now be in the position shown in Fig. 3 for the ratchetwheels 0 and 0 A contact, g 011 the division g" of the pulsator G will now be made with the spring 9 closing the circuit through the electro-magnet D, and the next movement of the ratchctwheels, as previously described, will break this circuit, while the consecutive movement of the pawl-lever d, by the action of the spring (1", will cause the circuit to be again closed through the electro-magnet E, thus producing a repetition of the movement of the ratchet-wheels e and 0 as hereinbei'ore described. It is evident, therefore, that the shafts will continue to revolve while the battery-circuit is connected. The electromotor may be stopped at will at any quarter division of a ratchet-tooth, or one-forjtieth, ofa revolution, by closing the doubleline key 0, which closes both circuits simultaneously through the respective coils of the electromagnet G G, neutralizing the action of the same on the cores and thereby releasing the armature c and locking the spacing-wheel c by the arm 0 on the armaturelever c.

The speed of the eleotromotor may be regu lated by the electromagnetic governor by va rying the distance of the pole-piece f from the diamagnetic rim f or by varying the strength of the current through the electro-magnet F F by the interposition of greater or less resistance in R and R, and the governor may be detached by releasing the clutch L from the gear-wheel H". I

The action of the balance-wheel 9 causes the pulsator G to advance slightly after the shaft X has been arrested at the termination of each stroke of a ratchet-lever, thus insuring a make of circuit when a pawl-lever, d or c,

has been drawn back by its spring, or a break of circuit just as the armature (Z or e strikes the cores of its eleetromagnets, or when its lever is arrested by a back-stop, (Z or 0 In Fig. 7 is shown a theoretical diagrammatic view of the electrical circuits connecting an electromotor, represented in this view on the left of the sheet, and designated as the driving electromotor, which is similar in all respects to the electroinotor shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and i, with the exception that a double sunflower, T, is substituted for the pulsator G, and in the view to the right thereof is represented a double sunflower, 'l, substituted for the pulsator G in a precisely similar elcctromotor, and designated as the driven electroinotor.

The electro magnets, shafts, sunflowers, keys, and operative parts of the respective electromotors are designated by the same reference-letters, but with different numerals, in order that the circuits that connect the respective clectromagnets, sunflowers, brushes, and keys of the driving-electromotor, with corresponding parts in the driven eleelromotor, may be readily traced and the operation of the circuits through the respective electromotors readily understood.

The double sunflowers T and T are located with their centers corresponding, respectively, with the center lines of the shafts X and X on which are double contact-springs 1 t, I and t, double collars t, t, t, and i insulated from each other and from the shafts X and X, double hubs t, t, if, and t insulated from each other and from the shafts X and X", arms 17, t, t", and t, for each hub, carrying brushes if, t, 'L, and t. The upper collars, t and t,arerespectivelyin electrical connec tion with the upper h ubs,i and t-,and the lower collars, t and t, with the lower hubs, t and t the hubs beingin electrical connection with the divisions of the sunflower through their arms i t, if", and t and brushes t, t, t, and t. The sunflowers are shown in plan view at T consisting of two annular rings each having l'ort-y metallic segments which are insulated from one another.

Two key-boards are provided, Fig. 7, with keys similar to'V V for closing a circuit normally open through the springs *0 2; and v r, and with keys V V for breaking the circuit normally closed by the springs if '0 and 22 c The springs o if and o 'v" are respectively in contact with the metallic bars 2) o and e u while the springs c and c 0 are insulated therefrom by the insulating material 11 o and e 12". The open-circuit springs '0 and '0 are connected by the conductors 15 and 34 to the outer segments, of the sunflowers T and T respectively, and the closed-circuit springs 12 and 12" are connected by the conductors 5 and 33 to the consecutive outer segments, of the respective sunflowers. The conductors 31 and. 32 run from the inner segments, i of .the sunflower T to closed and open circuit springs similar to e and e, (not shown,) and the conductors 35 and 36 from the inner segments of the sunflower T to closed and open circuit springs, respectively, similar to c and 2;", but also not shown, the entire key-board contain ing twenty keys for open circuits and twenty keys for closed circuits when the spacingwhcels c and 0 have forty divisions and the ratchet-wheelsd e and (Z a have each ten teeth; but these numbers may of course be varied indefinitely as the number of teeth in the ratchetwheels are varied.

The circuit of the battery Z is from earth, by the conductor 1, to the negative electrode, from the positive electrode, by the conductor 2, to the switch S, thence to the contact 3, and by the conductors 3 and 4 to the insulated bar 12 connecting all the springs v and by the branch conductor 14 to the insulated bar 12 connecting all thesprings v. The circuit is then through the springs e and c, the conductor 5 to the outer segment, of the sunflower T. From the sunflower T the circuit is by the brush i arm 15, hub t collar 2, spring 1,, conductor 6 to the electro-magnet D, conductors 7, 8, and 9 to the elcctro-niagnet 0, conductor 10 lo the electro-mugnet O conductor 11 to the electro magnet D, thence by conductor 12 to the contact 8. switch S, and conductor 13 to earth. The other conductor, 14, in connection with the opencircuit keys, is from the spring 0 to the spring 1/ when closed, thence by the conductor 15 to the outer seg ment of the sunflower T, whence the course is by the line above described.

The circuit from the keys not shown but corresponding to V and V by the conductors 31 and 32, and the inner segments, 6, of the sunflower T, is by brush it, arm t, hub t,"collar 15 spring L conductor 16 to the electromagnet E, conductor 17 to the electro-magnet O, conductor 18 to the elcctro-inagnet C, by the conductor 19 to the electro'magnet E, and by the conductor 20 to the contact a, thence by the switch S and the conductor 13 to earth.

Double-line keys 0 and with springs 0 0 and 0 0*, and rear contacts, 0 0 and 0 0, and front contacts, 0 0" and 0 0, are inserted in brunch conductors 21, 22. 23, and 24, and 40, 41, 42, and 43, for the purpose of closing this circuit simultaneously through the electro-magnets D, E, D, E, G, O, C", and G directly from the battery by the conductor 2, switch S, contact 8, conductors 3 and 21 when the double-line key 0 is in circuit.

electromotor is placed in shunt-circuits 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, and 30, in which are included resistances R and R and-plugs Q, and Q, and the double-coil clectro-magnet F F is placed in the shunt circuits 4-4, 45, 48, 47, 4S, and 49f in which are incl nded the resistances B" and R and plugsQand Q. Theresistancesareemployed to vary the strength of the current through the shunt'circuits and the plugs to cut out the electro-magnct F F of the driven electromotor, the speed of which is controlled by the driving-electroinotor.

The operation of the two electromotors con nected by conductors in the circuit of the battery Z, as illustrated in Fig. 7, will now be explained.

Vhen a closed-circuit key, V, is depressed, thereby interrupting one circuit of the battery Z at the contactsprings u and 4), through the electro-magnets D and D and O (3, all the electro-magnets of the driving and driven electroniotors will be in open circuits, and the electromotors will of course be arrested. Upon releasing the key V the circuit will be closed through the electro-magnets D and D and O and G", causing, as previously explained, a rotation of the shaft X through onefortieth of a revolution, and causing the shaft X of the driven clectromotor to rotate similarly and synchronously. This movement of the shaft X will cause the brush t, in electrical connection with an outer segment of the sunflower T, conductors 5 and 6, and the circuit hereinbefore described, to move forward one division of the sunflower, and consequently to make contact with an outer segment in the sunflower in the circuit previously described, connected to the open-circuit springs v and o. The electromagnets D and Dwill thereupon be deniagnetized and the shai'tsoi' the respective electroiuotors will be rotated through onefortieth of a revolution, as fully explained in the description of the clectromotcr, as shown in detail in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and i. This movement will cause the brush t" to make contact with an inner segment of the sunflower T, in electrical connection through the conductor 31, with closed-circuit springs like '0 and 22 and by conductor 16, and the circuit previously described, through the electroinaguets E E 0 C The electro-inaguets E and E will be energized and the shafts X and X will again be advanced onc-fortieth of a revolution and cause the brush t is make contact, through the conductor 32, with open-circuit springs like 1; and 'v, and by the conductor 16, and circuit previously described, through the electromagnets E and E, producing another rotatory movement, which causes the crush t to close the circuit through the elcctrc-inagnets D and D, causing a repetition oi the movements hereinbei'ore described, so that continuous step-by-step rotatory motion of the shafts will continue until ii'iterruptcd, as will be hcrcinafter explained. The pulsations in the re spective circuits through the differential electro-niagnets C C and C 0 charge these electromagnets, or cause their armatures to be rapidly vibrated without arresting the spacingwheels 0 and c. If a key, V, is depressed, a closed circuit through a segment of the sunflower T will be broken, and the brush t will make contact with the two consecutive broken-circuit segments in succession, which will arrest the motion of the driving electromotor, and the same result will follow if a key, V, is depressed. If the double-line key 0 be closed, thereby closing the circuits simultaneously around the keys and sunflower of the drivingelectromotor, and through all the electro-magnets in both circuits, the differential electro-magncts O G and O G will be rendered inert, and the electromotors will be simultaneously arrested by the action of these electro-magnets, as previously explained. Alternate pulsations over the respective main conductors pass through the shunt- circuits 28, 29, and 30, and 25, 26, and 27, energizing alternately the electro-magnet F F of the driv ing-electromotor. The shunt-circuits L45, 4-5, and 46, and -l7, 4-8, and 49 being interrupted by the removal of the plugs Q and Q in the shunt-circuit of the driven eleetromotor will render inert the electro-magnet F F. The speed of the driving-electromotor will be con trolled by the eleetro-magnet F F, as described. The switch S being turned to the contacts 5 and s", and the switch S being turned to the contact 8, and the plugs inserted at Q, Q and removed at Q and Q, the springs 12 o and r" if, the sunflower T", the double-line key O, and the electromagnet F F will be in the circuit of the battery Z, and the right-hand electromotor in Fig. 7 becoming, in this instance, the driving electromotor, while the corresponding parts in the left-hand electromotor of this figure will be outof circuit, and the action of the respective electroniotors will be reversed. The electro-magnets of both electromotors will then respond to pulsations through the sunilower Ti and the circuits may be closed or interrupted by operating the keys V and V and the double-line key 0.

The eseapement N (shown in Fig. 5) con sists of two star-wheels, a and a, with alternate teeth omitted, the wheels being secured to a shalt, n, and the two star-wheels a and a, with consecutive teeth, secured to a shaft, a. The shafts n and n are geared together by wheels N and N of similar diameter. The eleetro-magnet N and a corresponding electro-magnet for the lever 11 (not shown in Fig. 5) operate alternately by alternate pulsations over two conductors, precisely as described for the ratchetwheels in Figs. 1 and 2. The pallet if first strikes in the tooth a, when the electromagnet for thelever a is energized, driving the star-wheels it and it one thirty-second of a revolution to the right. When this electro-magnet is demagnetized,the retractingspring of the lever it (not shown) drives the pallet n on the outer side of the tooth a, and the star-wheels on the shafts n and a make one thirtysecond of a revolution. They are nowin the position shown for the star-wheels n and n. The star-wheels a and or will have moved two consecutive steps, equal in the aggregate to onesixteenth of a revolution, and will now occupy the same relativc positions respecting their pallets as is shown for the star-wheels it and n and the pallets n and a. The clectro-magnet N is next energized, driving the wheels a and a each one thirty-second of a revolution by wedging forward the tooth n, and when this electro-magnet is demaguetized the lever if is driven by the retracting-spring a in the opposite direction, the pallet a nowstriking on the near side of the tooth if of the star-wheel 12 No locking-bar is requisite in this arrangement, since the pallets serve to lock the star-wheels a and a and the starwheels a and a are alternately locked, as shown, in the position for the star-wheel a and the pallet n in Fig. 5.

In Fig.6 is shown an arrangement, M, of two shafts geared together by wheels of simi lar diameter, with two single star-wheels, m and m, secured respectively to their shafts m and m, and operated by a single electromagnet, M, and retraeting'spring in, operating a single pallet-lever, m.

The alternating movements of the pallets when the electro-magnet M is energized by singl e-li ne pulsations cause a progressive stepbystep movement of the starwheels m and m" in opposite directions, each make of circuit in this case causing a movementof one thirtysecond of a revolution, and each break of circuit a similar movement.

In Fig. 8 the single star-wheels u and U2 are secured to separate shafts, a and a, geared together by wheels U U of equal diameter. The pallet-lever a is pivoted on trunnions at a, and the armatu res a and of the separate electro-magnets U and U are secured to rightangular extensions 11. and a of the palletlever a. The electro-magnets U U being alternately energized by pulsations over the separate line- conductors 62, 63, 55, and 56 of Fig. 1 will cause vibrations of the pallet-lever to, producing consecuti vestep-bystep movements of the star-wheels a and 26*. Such a combination may be evidently substituted in the doubleline systems illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, +1, and 7 by omitting the two elcctromagnets D and E, with their corresponding ratchet-wheels, (2" d and'c e and the armature-levers d and e, and introducing, instead of the single palletlever, star-wheels and a double electro-magnet, as shown in Fig. 8. The conductors 55 and 56 will then energize one branch of the electroniagnet U and the conductors 62 and 63 the other branch of the electro-magnet U The pulsator G will have contacts 9'' in one division,glimincdiatelyfollowing the contacts in the other division, 5 insulations g in one division alternating with the contacts 9 in the other division, so as to cause the circuit through one conductor to be closed inst as the circuit is interrupted in the other conductor.

It is obvious, without further illustration or explanation, that the star-wheels a a and a a (shown in Fig. 5) may be substituted for the ratchet-wheels d d and e 6 in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, and for the ratchet-wheels d c and ti 6 in Fig. 7, and the operation with either form will be the same when arranged in doubleline circuits.

If the star-wheels a and a in Fig. 8 be substituted in Figs. 1, 2, 5, and 4, with the electromagnets U" and U introduced into the doubleline circuits of Fig. 7, instead of the electron'iagnets D, E, D, and E, the operation will obviously be the same, with this exception that all the active segments of the sunflower will be connected to closed circi'iit-springs, instead of alternately open and closed circuitsprings 12 o t v, as shown. A break of circuit by depressing any key will in this case stop the electromotors, and the releasing of the key will again cause their rotation.

The star-wheels m and m in Fig. (5 will operate the shafts X and X of Figs. 1, 2, 8, and 4, if connected in one of the circuits, as shown, it there are sixteen contacts and sixteen insulations g, in one division. 9, of the pulsator G, omitting the other division, g i and substituting star'wheels m and m pallet lever m, pallets m and m of Fig. 6, for all the ratchet-wheels, levers, and pawls, as shown in Figs. 1., 2, 3, and 4.

To operate the shafts X and in Fig. 7 with the star-wheels m and m pallets m and m, and pallet-lever m actuated by a single eleetro-magnet, M, and spring in, it is only necessary to substitute these star-w heels for the ratchet-wheels d c and c 6", (shown therein,)

and the electromagnet M for the electromagnets D and D, omitting the electro-magnets E, E, O, O, 0 and 0, making the electromagnets F F in one section. The doubleline keys 0 O and the entire conductor connecting the brush t and inner segments of the sunflower through the conductors 31 and 32, and

the contactsprings similar to o and a, must in this case be omitted. The outer ring of segments, 25', must be connectedalternately by the conductors 5 and 15 to the circuit-springs t and o, the entire number of segments being equal to twice the number of teeth in one starwheel m or m. Consecutive makes and breaks of circuit will then cause single-line pulsations to pass through the eloctro magnet M, substituted for the electro-magnets D and-D, to operate the pallet-lever m and the star-wheels m and m", and thus to produce a synchronous movement of the shafts X and X Thedevices for performing certain functions hcreinabove alluded to will be readily understood by those skilled in electrical science, and hence it has not been deemed necessary to illustrate them, because it would be merely to show electro nnagnets and devices substantially such as have been already fully shown and described. I desire it to be distinctly understood, however, that I do not limit myself to operating the electromotors by doubleline conductors, as it will be obvious that they may be operated as well by a single electro-inagnet responding to pulsations over a single conductor as with two eleetro-niagnets responding to double'line conductors by omitting one pair of ratchet or star wheels and constructing the other pair with double the number of teeth.

Having thus described the nature and objects ot'myinvenlion, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A. step-by-step electromotor consisting spective ratchet-wheels alternating with each other,two levers vibrating alternatelybetween the respective ratehet-wheels,carrying pawls, locking-arms, armatures, and retracting springs, two electroniagnets in the circuit of a battery for vibrating said armatu res and 1e vers, said electro-niagnets responding to alternate and successive makes and breaks of circuit, and a circuit-interrupting device, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

. 3. A step-by-step electromotor consisting of two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter and moving synchronously,

and each carrying'two starwheels, the starwheels on one shaft being opposite to those on the other and having every alternate tooth omitted, levers carrying wedge-pallets, armatures, and retractingsprings, the wedge-paL IIO lets vibrating between the star-wheels and engaging alternately in opposite star-wheels,one lever being inactive while the other is in action, two-electro magnets in the circuit of a battery for vibrating the arinatures and levers, said electro-magnets responding to alternate and successive makes and breaks of the circuit, and electrical devices, substantially as described, for interrupting the circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth- 4-. In a step-by-step electromotor, the, combination of an electromagnetic governor consisting of an eleetro-magnet with its pole-piece, said electromagnet energized by pulsations through a battery-circuit of the electromotor, a shaft and a diamagnetic rim secured thereto, a centrifugal governor secured to the same shaft, a conical hub sliding freely on said shaft and actuated through the convergence and divergence of the governor-arms, a distancerod secured to the pole-piece of the electro-niagnet and resting loosely against/said conical hub, and a spring acting to press the pole-piece toward the diamagnetic rim, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination of a balance-wheel secured to a pulsator loose on its shaft, a collar secured to said shaft, and a pin in said balance-wheel moving freely in an aperture in said collar, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. The combination of a pulsator loose on a shaft held in position longitudinally by a fixed collar, a balance-wheel attached to said pulsator, a collar at the opposite extremity of said pulsatorsecured to said shaft, a pin in said balance-wheel moving freely in an aperture in said collar, and a helicoidal spring attached at one end to said shaft and at the other end to the balance-wheel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

'7. The combination of a battery and two main conductors, two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter, and each carrying two ratchet-wheels, theteeth in one pair alternating with the teeth in the other pair, and an electromagnet, with its armature, pawl-1ever, pawls, locking-arms, and retracting-spring, for each pair of ratchet-wheels, the pawl-lever of each pair of wheels being vibrated alternately and successively by said electro-magnet energized by pulsations over the respective conductors, substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. The combination of a battery and two main conductors, two sli'afts geared together by wheels of similar diameter, and each can rying two star-wheels, the star-wheels on one shaft being opposite to those on the other, and having every alternate tooth omitted, levers carrying wedge pallets, armatures, and retracting-springs, the wedge-pallets vibrating between said star-wheels and engaging alternately in opposite star-wheels, two electromagnets in the circuit of said battery, a differential elcctro-magnet in the same circuits and a spacing-wheel on one of said shafts locked by the armaturelever of said differential eleetro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. The combination of a battery and two main conductors, two shafts geared together by wheels ofsi milar diameter moving synchronously and each carrying two ratchet-wheels, the teeth in one pair alternating with the teeth in the other pair, two electro-magnets, with their armatures, pawl levers, retracting springs, and pawls, the pawl-levers vibrated alternately between the respective ratchetwheels by said electro-magnets in the circuits of said battery, a differential electromagnet in the same circuits, a spaeingwheel on one of said shafts locked by the armature-lever of said differential electro-magnet, a divided coil electro-magnet in the same circuits having an extended polepicce, and a diamagnctic rim secured to a shaft geared to the ratchet-shafts, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

10. The combination of a battery and two main condl'tctors, two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter and arch carrying two ratchet-wheels, the teeth in one pair alternating with the teeth in the other pair, two electromagnets, with their armatu res, pawl-levers, retractingsprings, and pawls, the pawl-levers being vibrated alternately and successively by alternate pulsations over the respective conductors, a divided-coil electromagnct in the circuits of said conductors, a diamagnetic rim controlled by said dividedcoil electromagnct, a centrifugal governor on a shaft geared to a ratchet-shaft, a differential electromagnet, and a spacing-\vheel on one of said shafts locked by the armature-lever of said differential electro-magnet, with its coils in both conductors energized by simultaneous pulsations, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

11. In a step-by-step eleetromotor, two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter and each carrying two ratchet-wheels, two electro-rnagnets, with their armatures, pawl-levers, retractirig-springs, and pawls, the pawl-levers-vibrated alternately and successively by alternate pulsations over the respective conductors, in combination with a battery and two main conductors, a diiferential elec troanagnet in the circuits of the conductors, and a spacing-wheel on one of said shafts locked by the armaturelever of said differential electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes described.

'12. In a step by step clectromotor, two

shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter and each carrying two ratchet-wheels, two electro-magnets, with their armatures, pawl-levers, retractingsprings, and pawls, the pawl-1evcrs vibrated alternately and successively by said electro-magnets energized by alternate pulsations over the respective conductors, in combination with a battery and two main conductors, a differential electromagnet in the same circuits, a spacing-wheel on one of said shafts locked by the armaturelever of said differential eleetromagnet, a dianiagnetic rim secured to a shaft geared to the ratchet-shaft,and a divided-coil electro-magnet in the circuits of said battery, having an extended polepicce controlling said diamagnetic rim, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

1b. A stcp-by-step electromotor consisting oftwo shafts geared together by wheels ofsimilar diameter and each carrying two st arwheels, two electro-magnets, with their armatures, wedge-pallets, and rctractirig-springs for actuating said star-wheels, in combination with a battery, two main conductors, a differential eleetro magnet, and a spacing-wheel on one of said shafts locked by tho armature-lever ofsaid differential elcctro-magnet, with coils in both IIO conductors, a governor electro-magnet in the same circuits, having an extended pole-piece, a diam-agnetic rim secured to ashaft geared to a star-wheel shaft and controlled by said divided-c0il electro-magnet, and a circuit-interrupting device, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

14. In combination with a step-by-step electromotor consisting of two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter and each carrying two star-wheels, two electro-magnets, with their arinatures, wedgepallets, and re tracting-springs for actuating said star-wheels, a battery and two main conductors, a differential electromagnet in the circuits of said battery, a spacing-wheel secured to one of the star-wheel shafts and locked by the armaturelever of said differential elect-ro-magnet, a divided-coil electro-inagnet in the same circuits,

'the core of which electro-magnethas an extended polepiece, a diamagnetie rim secured to a shalt geared to one of the star-wheel shafts, a circnit-interrupting device, and a double- .line key in said circuits to arrest said electromotor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

15. In combination with astep-by-step electromotor consisting of two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter moving synchronously, and each carrying two starwheels, two electro-magnets, with their armatnres,wedge-pallets, and retracting-springs for actuating said star-wheels, a battery and two main conductors, a differential electro-magnet in the same circuits, a spacing-wheel locked by the armaturelever of said differential elec tro-magnet, a circuit-interrupting device, re-

sistances and plugs in shunt-circuits to the main conductors, and a double-line key in said circuits to arrest said ,elcctromotor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

16. The combination of a battery, two main conductors, two electro-magnets, one in each of the circuits of said battery, armatures, pallet-levers, and pallets for the respective electro1nagnets, star-wheels on two syn chronousl ymoving shafts in each of two electromotors operated by said levers provided with pallets, a differential electro-magnet with its armaturelever, and arm, a spacing-wheel secured to one of said shafts and locked by the armaturelever of said differential electro-magnet, with its coils in both conductors energized by simultaneous pulsations, a divided-coil electromagnet in the same circuits, having an eX- tended pole-piece, a diamagnetic rim secured to a shaft geared to one of the star-wheel shafts, a circuit-interrnpter, resistances, and plugs in shunt-circuits to the main conductors, and a double-line key in the circuits of both conductors, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

17. The combination, with a step-by-step electromotor, of a centrifugal governor secured to a shaft, a conical hub sliding freely on said shaft, a collar secured to said shaft,

collar, a bifurcated lever held in position by an arm, a conical hub, and a centrifugal governor for controlling its movement, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

19. The combination, in a step-bystep electromotor, of a conical hub carried by the shaft of a centrifugal governor, a centrifugal governor for controlling the movement of said conical hub, a divided-coil electro-magnet, with a pole-piece held on trunnions pivoted to supports, a projecting arm secured to the trnnnions, an elastic spring abutting against the projecting arm, and a diamagnetic rim secured to the governor-shaft,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

20. The combination, in a step b'y-step electromotor, of two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter, ratchet or star wheels thereon, a spacing-wheel secured to one of the shafts, a circuit-interrupting device secured to one of said shafts, a balance-wheel with a collar thereon, and a helicoidal spring, all arranged substantially as and for the purposes described.

21. A step-by-step electromotor consisting of two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter and carrying ratchet or star wheels actuated alternately by levers carrying pawls or pallets vibrated between said wheels by two electro-magnets in the circuit of a battery, in combination with a battery, two main conductors, a circuit-interrupting device, a differential electro-inagnet in the same circuits, and a spacing-wheel on one of said shafts locked by the armature-lever of said differential clectro-niagnet, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

22. in a step by -step electromotor, two shafts geared together by wheels of similar diameter and carrying ratchet or star wheels actuated alternately by levers carrying pawls or pallets vibrated between said wheels by two electro-magnets in the circuits of a battery, in combination with a battery and two main conductors, a circuit-interrupting device, a differential electro-magnet in the same circuits, a spaeing-wheelon one of said shafts locked by the armature-lever of said differential electromagnet, a double-line key in the circuits of both conductors to arrest said electromotor,

and resistances and plugs in shunt-circuits to both conductors, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

23. In two step-by'step electromotors of a battery and two main conductors, the electromagnets of which are in the circuits of said In witness that I claim the foregoing as my battery,iu combination with electrical devices, invention I have hereunto set my signature, substantially as described, for interrupting the this 11th day of March, A. D. 1886, in theprescircuits, differential and divided-coil electroence of two subscribing Witnesses.

5 magnets in the circuits of the respective conductors, to lock the spacing-wheel and govern JACOB H. LINVILLE. said electrornotors, a double-line key in the same circuits to arrest said electromotorsand Witnesses: resistances and plugs in said circuits, substan- ANDREW ZANE,

1c tially as and for the purposes set forth. THos. M. SMITH.

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