US3557884A - Impact wrench mechanism - Google Patents

Impact wrench mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US3557884A
US3557884A US836019A US3557884DA US3557884A US 3557884 A US3557884 A US 3557884A US 836019 A US836019 A US 836019A US 3557884D A US3557884D A US 3557884DA US 3557884 A US3557884 A US 3557884A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
anvil
hammer
plates
axis
impact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US836019A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward L Allen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ingersoll Rand Co
Original Assignee
Ingersoll Rand Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ingersoll Rand Co filed Critical Ingersoll Rand Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3557884A publication Critical patent/US3557884A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket

Definitions

  • This invention relates to rotary impact clutch mechanisms for use in rotary impact wrenches and more particularly to rotary impact clutch mechanisms of the type having a hammer dog pivoted on a longitudinally extending pivot which is radially offset from the hammer axis and which tilts alternately between impact and nonimpact positions as the hammer rotates around the anvil located within the hammer on the hammer axis.
  • the US. Pat. No. 2,718,803 issued to F. A. Jimmerson discloses a rotary impact wrench mechanism containing a hammer dog pivoted in a hammer cage or carrier.
  • the hammer carrier is composed ofa one-piece casting including a pair of axially spaced end plates rigidly interconnected by a longitudinal web. This casting is relatively expensive and is subject to breakage. It is thought that breakage often occurs as a result of the uneven loads placed on the casting by the hammer dog during impact.
  • the principal object of this invention is to substantially overcome or minimize the above problems with the conventional one-piece hammer carrier using a casting.
  • the hammer carrier of two separate axially spaced plates and interconnecting these plates by a means that allows the hammer dog to rock slightly on its axis so that it automatically adjusts itself during impact with the anvil jaw without placing unduly high loads on the hammer carrier.
  • the pivot pin for the hammer dog interfrts in aligned bores in said plates and is the sole member holding the plates together for rotation in unison.
  • the hammer pin has a relatively loose fit in the bores which allows the spaced plates to rotate relative to each other slightly, thereby allowing the hammer dog to rock slightly on its axis.
  • FIG. I is a longitudinal and vertical section of a rotary impact wrench containing the improved impact clutch mechanism
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view on an enlarged scale of the impact clutch mechanism
  • FIG. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a section similar to FIG. 3 and showing another position of the impact clutch mechanism.
  • FIG. 5 is a section similar to FIGS. 3 and 4 and showing the impact clutch mechanism at the moment ofimpact.
  • the rotary impact wrench l in FIG. 1 comprises a casing 2 including a pistol-grip handle 3 and a front nose 4.
  • the handle 3 contains a fitting 5 adapted to be attached to a pneumatic pressure supply hose (not shown) and a trigger 6 actuating a valve 7 controlling the pneumatic pressure.
  • the pneumatic pressure drives a rotary motor 8 having a drive shaft 9.
  • the drive shaft 9 drives a spindle 10 through a rotary impact wrench clutch or mechanism 11.
  • the spindle 10 is adapted to be connected to sockets (not shown) for driving various sizes of fasteners. All of the foregoing structure is conventional in the art of rotary impact wrenches.
  • the impact mechanism ll includes a central anvil formed integrally with the spindle l0 and rotating on the axis of the impact mechanism.
  • the anvil 15 carries an anvil jaw 16 projecting radially from the anvil 15.
  • the anvil jaw 16 has a cross section shaped like a segment of a circle and may be considered fan-shaped and comprises a pair of angularly spaced radially extending impact shoulders 17.
  • the anvil 15 is rotatably supported on its forward portion in a bearing 18 located in the front nose 4.
  • the rear end of the anvil I5 is rotatably supported in a driver cam 20 splined on the drive shaft 9 of the motor 8.
  • a hammer 21 rotates around the anvil l5 and includes a hammer carrier 22 formed by a pair of axially spaced plates 23 and 24.
  • the rear hammer plate 23 is rotatably mounted on the driver cam 20 and the front hammer plate 24 is rotatably mounted on the anvil 15.
  • the two hammer plates 23 and 24 are connected together by a hammer pin 25 which slidably fits in aligned bores 26 provided in the two plates 23 and 24.
  • the pin 25 is the sole member causingthe two plates 23 and 24 to rotate in step, i.e., they are not rigidly interconnected by other means.
  • the clearance between the pin 25 and the bores 26 can vary between .OOl inches and .005 inches; hence, it is a sliding-fit clearance which allows the pin 25 to tilt slightly in the bores 26, thereby allowing the pin to rock slightly out of exact parallelism with the axis of the anvil l5 and hammer 2].
  • the two plates 23 and 24 could rotate relative to each other sufficiently to allow the pin 25 to adjust itself slightly relative to the anvil axis. This is true because of the relatively flexible interconnection between the two plates 23 and 24 provided 'by the pin 25.
  • the plates 23 and 24 could be interconnected by more than one pin and still be able to rotate slightly relative to each other to achieve the purposes of this invention.
  • the gist of this invention is the idea of making the hammer carrier 22 of two spaced plates 23 and 24 and interconnecting such plates together by means that allows the plates to rotate relative to each other for a slight amount.
  • a hammer dog 28 is rotatably mounted on the hammer pin 25 and carries a pair of impact surfaces 29 adapted to engage and impact with the anvil jaw 16 periodically as it rotates around the anvil 15.
  • the hammer dog 28 carries a cam projection 30 extending from its rear end adapted to engage the driver cam 20.
  • the driver cam 20 cooperates with the cam projection 30 to urge the hammer dog 28 to a disengaged position with the anvil 15 immediately before each impact.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate the operation of the engagement of the hammer dog 28 with the anvil l5.
  • the torque on the driver cam 20 swings the hammer dog 28 to a disengaging position.
  • the carrier 22 of two spaced plates 23 and 24 locked together nonrigidly by the pin 25 allows the hammer dog 28 to swing freely without interference from an interconnecting web on the carrier 22, as is the problem in the prior art.
  • the hammer dog 28 can be arranged in various shapes and sizes which could not be done with the conventional carrier. This freedom to shape the hammer dog 28 enables a designer to provide the hammer mechanism with better balance characteristics.
  • An impact clutch mechanism for a rotary impact mechanism comprising:
  • an anvil having an impact jaw rotatable about an anvil axis and adapted to drive a fastener
  • a hammer rotatable on said anvil axis about said anvil jaw and including a pair of axially spaced plates pivoted on said anvil axis, a pivot axis extending between said plates and being offset from said anvil axis and a hammer dog pivoted on pivot means interconnected to said plates for swinging about said pivot axis between alternate positions of impacting and nonimpacting with said anvil jaw;
  • interconnection means nonrigidly holding said plates together for rotation in unison and including said pivot means, said plates and said interconnection means cooperating to allow the pivot axis of said hammer dog to rock slightly relative to the anvil axis allowing said hammer dog to automatically adjust itself during impact with said anvil jaw without placing dangerous loads on said hammer.
  • An impact clutch mechanism for a rotary impact mechanism comprising:
  • an anvil having an impact jaw rotatable about an anvil axis and adapted to drive a fastener
  • said hammer dog and its pivot means being the sole interconnection holding said plates together for rotation in unison, said plates and said interconnection cooperating to allow the pivot axis of said hammer dog to rock slightly relative to the anvil axis allowing said hammer dog to automatically adjust itself during impact with said anvil jaw without placing dangerous loads on said hammer.
  • An impact clutch mechanism for a rotary impact mechanism comprising;
  • an anvil having an'impact jaw rotatable about an anvil axis and adapted to drive a fastener
  • a hammer rotatable on said anvil axis about said anvil jaw said pivot pin being connected to said plates and being the sole memberholding said plates together for rotation in unison, said plates and said pivot pin cooperating to allow the pivot axisof said hammer dog to rock slightly relative to the anvil axis allowing said hammer dog to automatically adjust itself during impact with said anvil jaw without placing dangerous loads on said hammer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
US836019A 1969-06-24 1969-06-24 Impact wrench mechanism Expired - Lifetime US3557884A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US83601969A 1969-06-24 1969-06-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3557884A true US3557884A (en) 1971-01-26

Family

ID=25271023

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US836019A Expired - Lifetime US3557884A (en) 1969-06-24 1969-06-24 Impact wrench mechanism

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3557884A (fr)
JP (1) JPS493440B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE752365A (fr)
DE (1) DE2030715A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2052741A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1279176A (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3648784A (en) * 1969-09-26 1972-03-14 Atlas Copco Ab Rotary impact motor
US4287956A (en) * 1979-08-10 1981-09-08 Maurer Spencer B Impact wrench mechanism and pivot clutch
US5346024A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-09-13 Ingersoll-Rand Company Tool construction
WO2001036063A3 (fr) * 1999-10-29 2001-10-11 Mattel Inc Vehicule de jeu telecommande et outil electrique et emetteur telecommande combines
US6318479B1 (en) 1999-10-01 2001-11-20 Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company Vibration isolated impact wrench
US6321853B2 (en) 1999-10-01 2001-11-27 Chicago Pneumtic Tool Company Vibration isolated impact wrench
US20040149469A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-05 Ingersoll-Rand Company Rotary tool
US7510023B1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-03-31 Kuani Gear Co., Ltd. Impact assembly for a power tool
US20150000946A1 (en) * 2013-07-01 2015-01-01 Ingersoll-Rand Company Rotary Impact Tool
US20150196997A1 (en) * 2014-01-16 2015-07-16 Ingersoll-Rand Company Controlled Pivot Impact Tools
US9272400B2 (en) 2012-12-12 2016-03-01 Ingersoll-Rand Company Torque-limited impact tool
US9289886B2 (en) 2010-11-04 2016-03-22 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Impact tool with adjustable clutch
US9737978B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2017-08-22 Ingersoll-Rand Company Impact tools with torque-limited swinging weight impact mechanisms
USD1050841S1 (en) 2023-04-04 2024-11-12 Ingersoll-Rand Industrial U.S., Inc. Impact tool
USD1052371S1 (en) * 2023-04-04 2024-11-26 Ingersoll-Rand Industrial U.S., Inc. Impact tool

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4321973A (en) * 1979-08-10 1982-03-30 Maurer Spencer B Rotary impact clutch

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2663395A (en) * 1951-10-16 1953-12-22 Reed Roller Bit Co Impact hammer element
US2718803A (en) * 1954-08-16 1955-09-27 Ingersoll Rand Co Impact wrench
US2802556A (en) * 1952-05-14 1957-08-13 Reed Roller Bit Co Impact hammer element
US3321043A (en) * 1964-03-24 1967-05-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Oil bath lubrication for mechanism

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2663395A (en) * 1951-10-16 1953-12-22 Reed Roller Bit Co Impact hammer element
US2802556A (en) * 1952-05-14 1957-08-13 Reed Roller Bit Co Impact hammer element
US2718803A (en) * 1954-08-16 1955-09-27 Ingersoll Rand Co Impact wrench
US3321043A (en) * 1964-03-24 1967-05-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Oil bath lubrication for mechanism

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3648784A (en) * 1969-09-26 1972-03-14 Atlas Copco Ab Rotary impact motor
US4287956A (en) * 1979-08-10 1981-09-08 Maurer Spencer B Impact wrench mechanism and pivot clutch
US5346024A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-09-13 Ingersoll-Rand Company Tool construction
US6318479B1 (en) 1999-10-01 2001-11-20 Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company Vibration isolated impact wrench
US6321853B2 (en) 1999-10-01 2001-11-27 Chicago Pneumtic Tool Company Vibration isolated impact wrench
WO2001036063A3 (fr) * 1999-10-29 2001-10-11 Mattel Inc Vehicule de jeu telecommande et outil electrique et emetteur telecommande combines
US20040149469A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-05 Ingersoll-Rand Company Rotary tool
US6889778B2 (en) 2003-01-31 2005-05-10 Ingersoll-Rand Company Rotary tool
US7510023B1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-03-31 Kuani Gear Co., Ltd. Impact assembly for a power tool
US9289886B2 (en) 2010-11-04 2016-03-22 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Impact tool with adjustable clutch
US9272400B2 (en) 2012-12-12 2016-03-01 Ingersoll-Rand Company Torque-limited impact tool
US20150000946A1 (en) * 2013-07-01 2015-01-01 Ingersoll-Rand Company Rotary Impact Tool
US9555532B2 (en) * 2013-07-01 2017-01-31 Ingersoll-Rand Company Rotary impact tool
US20150196997A1 (en) * 2014-01-16 2015-07-16 Ingersoll-Rand Company Controlled Pivot Impact Tools
US9539715B2 (en) * 2014-01-16 2017-01-10 Ingersoll-Rand Company Controlled pivot impact tools
US9737978B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2017-08-22 Ingersoll-Rand Company Impact tools with torque-limited swinging weight impact mechanisms
USD1050841S1 (en) 2023-04-04 2024-11-12 Ingersoll-Rand Industrial U.S., Inc. Impact tool
USD1052371S1 (en) * 2023-04-04 2024-11-26 Ingersoll-Rand Industrial U.S., Inc. Impact tool
USD1087718S1 (en) 2023-04-04 2025-08-12 Ingersoll-Rand Industrial U.S., Inc. Impact tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2030715A1 (de) 1971-01-07
JPS493440B1 (fr) 1974-01-26
BE752365A (fr) 1970-12-01
GB1279176A (en) 1972-06-28
FR2052741A5 (fr) 1971-04-09

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