US3574410A - Pneumatic conveyer system - Google Patents

Pneumatic conveyer system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3574410A
US3574410A US821712A US3574410DA US3574410A US 3574410 A US3574410 A US 3574410A US 821712 A US821712 A US 821712A US 3574410D A US3574410D A US 3574410DA US 3574410 A US3574410 A US 3574410A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
diffusor
nozzle
duct
distributor chamber
diffusor means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US821712A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Buschor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gema Switzerland GmbH
Original Assignee
Gema AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gema AG filed Critical Gema AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3574410A publication Critical patent/US3574410A/en
Assigned to RANSBURG-GEMA AG, A CORP OF SWITZERLAND reassignment RANSBURG-GEMA AG, A CORP OF SWITZERLAND ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GEMA AG APPARATEBAU
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
    • B05B7/1477—Arrangements for supplying particulate material means for supplying to several spray apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2812/00—Indexing codes relating to the kind or type of conveyors
    • B65G2812/16—Pneumatic conveyors
    • B65G2812/1608—Pneumatic conveyors for bulk material
    • B65G2812/1616—Common means for pneumatic conveyors
    • B65G2812/1625—Feeding or discharging means
    • B65G2812/1633—Feeding or discharging means using Venturi effect

Definitions

  • This invention relates to pneumatic conveyor systems, particularly for powder-spraying apparatus, in which powder material is supplied from a loading hopper and blown through the conveyor line by means of a propellant gas stream fed into the line by diffusor means, and which comprises an inlet duct arranged to supply material from said loading hopper into said conveyor line and opening into said diffusor means at a region of substantial vacuum, a second duct also opening into said diffusor means at said "region of substantial vacuum and arranged to supply an additional control gas stream into said region, and means'for controlling the supply of control gas through said second duct,
  • a pneumatic conveyor system of controllable conveying capacity for loose flowable pulverulent or granular material of this type is disclosed in U. S. Pat. No. 3,504,945.
  • the opening of said second duct into said diffusor means is directed in opposition to the opening of said inlet duct of said loading hopper into said diffusor means.
  • either the inside diameter of the opening of said second duct into the diffusor means is adjustable or is constructed as a nozzle and isconnected to a pressure gasline via a control valve.
  • a powder-spraying apparatus equipped with this conveyor system consists of the spray gun proper, which is connected to the diffusor means via a conveyor line, of a hopper from which the diffusor is fed 'with powder, and of the means for controlling the control gas stream.
  • pulverous material is sprayed simultaneously from a plurality of guns. If the conveyor means according to said earlier application is used in such apparatus, a corresponding number of complete spraying devices is required. This is not only expensive but also interferes with the 'working methods, since for example, if there is to be a change of coating material, a comparatively large amount of time is necessary for cleaning the individual components.
  • the invention has for its object to further improve the pneumatic conveying system of the type disclosed in said earlier application to provide for adjustable conveying capacity and make such system suitable for larger powder-spraying apparatus while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • the conveyor system comprises a distributor chamber forming the lower end of said loading hopper, a plurality of diffusor means communicating with said distributor chamber and a separate conveyor line connected to each diffusor means, said second duct being connected with the respective diffusor means by a pipe connection having its axis inclined with respect to the axis of said distributor chamber at an angle of less than 90.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through the conveyor means shown in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a pneumatic conveyor means, a diffusor being shown therein in horizontal section, and;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view thereof.
  • the truncated end 5 of a hopper opens into a cylindrical distributor chamber 6, whose base is constructed as a flap 16, so that emptying and cleaning is easily carried out.
  • each diffusor 17 is connected to each diffusor 17 a conveyor line 1 into which the propellent gas stream issuing from the diffusor nozzle 2 conveys the pulverous material fed through the outlet 4 as powder mixture 15.
  • a conveyor line 1 into which the propellent gas stream issuing from the diffusor nozzle 2 conveys the pulverous material fed through the outlet 4 as powder mixture 15.
  • an annular slot nozzle 13 Concentrically to the diffusor nozzle 2, there is arranged an annular slot nozzle 13, which may be fed via a regulating valve 11 with propellent gas, for example compressed air,
  • a control aperture is arranged in front of the nozzle 2 in the area of greatest vacuum.
  • a tube or pipe connection 7 is connected to the control aperture.
  • the tube 7 carries a control nozzle 8.
  • the axis of the tube 7 is inclined at an acute angle with respect to the axis of the distributor chamber 6.
  • the tube 7 surrounds an antechamber 7a, which has a cross-sectional area greater than the cross-sectional area of flow of the nozzle 8.
  • the propellent gas is fed from the pressure tank 14 via a regulating valve 11 and a throttle 10 on the one hand to the diffusor nozzle 2 and on the other hand via a regulating valve 9 ,to the control nozzle 8.
  • the throttle 10 prevents an unlimited flow of the propellent gas, so that by means of the regulating valve 9 the propellent gas stream is regulated not only by the diffusor nozzle 2 but also by the control nozzle 8, and the intensities of the two gas streams are placed in two-way relationship with respect to one another.
  • the two regulating valves 9 and 11 are coupled together by a drive (not shown in the drawing), so that one button can control the conveying capacity in optimum manner.
  • the pressure and flow conditions in the vacuum chamber 3 located in front of the diffusor nozzle are such that the pulverous material in the region of the mouth of the inlet 4 is loosened.
  • the propellant gas stream necessary for maximum power conveying is a function not only of the conveyor equipment, such as desired conveyor equipment, desired conveyor capacity, length and diameter of the conveyor lead etc., but also of the nature of the material to be conveyed.
  • the construction of the diffusor nozzle 2, the dimensioning of the throttle 10, the choice of the diameter for the inlets 4 and the distribution chamber 6 are made substantially in accordance with the desired operational data of the equipment and are appropriately selected for each type of equipment. It has been shown that in the conveying of different types of materials, the construction and dimensioning of the outlet aperture 19 of the diffusor has a considerable influence on the conveying capacity. In order to obtain optimum conveying capacities, sleeves 18 are provided which are insertable in the outlet aperture 19.
  • the material of the sleeves 18, their length and their internal diameter are a function of the nature of the material to be conveyed.
  • the individual most appropriate sleeve material may be ascertained from the physical and chemical properties of the conveyed material, the internal diameter and the length of the sleeve are most simply fixed empirically by experiments.
  • the sleeves 18 may for example be clamped in the outlet aperture of the diffuser by a knurledhead screw 20.
  • the control gas stream is determined by the propellent gas stream and consequently has a similar dependency on the dimensioning of the equipment and the nature of the conveyed material as the latter.
  • Decisive values for the control gas stream are, apart from the gas pressure which is determined by the regulating valve 9 and the throttle 10, the construction of the control nozzle 8, the measurements of the antechamber 7a and the angle of incidence of its axis with respect to the axis of the distributor chamber6 or with respect to the axis of the inlet aperture 4. It is generally sufficient if these values are chosen for a certain equipment.
  • the variety in the conveyed material may be taken into account by a variable length of the antechamber 7a, the control nozzle 8 for example being shiftably arranged in the tube 7.
  • the individual diffusors 17 are securable to the hopper or its distributor 6 by suitable means, the securing means preferably being so constructed that each diffusor is rotatable about an axis which is vertical with respect to the axis of the distributor, and may be located in a suitable position.
  • more or fewer diffusors may be connected to one and the same hopper.
  • the conveying capacity of each individual diffusor is hereby adjustable from its maximum value to zero with no mutual interferences occurring. As described above, the conveying capacity for each diffuser is set by actuating a single setting device. After the pressure and flow conditions in the vacuum chamber 3 have been correctly set, each difiusor of the conveyor means delivers a homogeneous mixture of powder and gas without powder agglomerates or formation of lumps.
  • a pneumatic conveyor system particularly for powderspraying apparatus in which powder material is supplied from a loading hopper and blown through the conveyor line by means of a propellent gas stream fed into the line by diffusor means, and which comprises an inlet duct arranged to supply material from said loading hopper into said conveyor line and opening into saiddiffusor means at a region of substantial vacuum, a second duct also opening into said diffusor means at said region of substantial vacuum and arranged to supply an additional control gas stream into said region, and means for controlling the supply of control gas through said second duct, wherein the improvement comprises a distributor chamber forming the lower end of said loading hopper, a plurality of diffusor means communicating with said distributor chamber, and a separate conveyor line connected to each diffusor means, said second duct being connected with the respective diffusor means by a pipe connection having its axis inclined with respect to the axis'of said inlet duct from the distributor chamber to the diffusor means at an angle of less than 90.
  • said diffusor means include a diffusor nozzle which is concentrically surrounded by an annular slot nozzle.
  • control nozzle of said pipe connection between said second duct and the diffusor means is connected by the intermediary of a first regulating valve to throttling means in the feed line of said propellent gas stream and said diffusor nozzle is directly connected to said throttling means, said regulating valve and throttling means serving to adjust pressure and flow conditions in said region of substantial vacuum in the diffusor means and to loosen the powder entering into the diffusor means through said inlet duct.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
US821712A 1968-05-06 1969-05-05 Pneumatic conveyer system Expired - Lifetime US3574410A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04319/68A AT294694B (de) 1968-05-06 1968-05-06 Pneumatische foerdereinrichtung, insbesondere fuer pulver-spruehanlagen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3574410A true US3574410A (en) 1971-04-13

Family

ID=3562445

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US821712A Expired - Lifetime US3574410A (en) 1968-05-06 1969-05-05 Pneumatic conveyer system

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3574410A (de)
JP (1) JPS496349B1 (de)
AT (1) AT294694B (de)
GB (1) GB1267450A (de)
NL (1) NL172939C (de)
SE (1) SE346288B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4582254A (en) * 1984-06-06 1986-04-15 Eutectic Corporation Device for the controlled multiple feeding of powder material
US11343958B2 (en) * 2018-08-27 2022-05-31 Lynx Ag, LLC High flow fertilizer/air meter with secondary nozzling

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1566325A (en) * 1924-09-24 1925-12-22 Ingersoll Rand Co Mortar projector
US2584378A (en) * 1949-12-23 1952-02-05 Universal Oil Prod Co Flow control of particles in fluidized processing
US3490654A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-01-20 Harry C Fischer Controlled volume systems for pneumatic discharge of powdered and granular materials and the like
US3504945A (en) * 1966-06-28 1970-04-07 Gema Ag Pneumatic conveyor system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1566325A (en) * 1924-09-24 1925-12-22 Ingersoll Rand Co Mortar projector
US2584378A (en) * 1949-12-23 1952-02-05 Universal Oil Prod Co Flow control of particles in fluidized processing
US3504945A (en) * 1966-06-28 1970-04-07 Gema Ag Pneumatic conveyor system
US3490654A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-01-20 Harry C Fischer Controlled volume systems for pneumatic discharge of powdered and granular materials and the like

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4582254A (en) * 1984-06-06 1986-04-15 Eutectic Corporation Device for the controlled multiple feeding of powder material
US11343958B2 (en) * 2018-08-27 2022-05-31 Lynx Ag, LLC High flow fertilizer/air meter with secondary nozzling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1922889A1 (de) 1970-09-10
AT294694B (de) 1971-10-15
GB1267450A (en) 1972-03-22
NL172939B (nl) 1983-06-16
JPS496349B1 (de) 1974-02-13
NL172939C (nl) 1983-11-16
NL6906916A (de) 1969-11-10
SE346288B (de) 1972-07-03

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: RANSBURG-GEMA AG KUNKLERSTRASSE 9, 9015 ST.GALLEN,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GEMA AG APPARATEBAU;REEL/FRAME:004039/0445

Effective date: 19820823