US3580089A - Motion-converting mechanism - Google Patents

Motion-converting mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US3580089A
US3580089A US777665A US3580089DA US3580089A US 3580089 A US3580089 A US 3580089A US 777665 A US777665 A US 777665A US 3580089D A US3580089D A US 3580089DA US 3580089 A US3580089 A US 3580089A
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Prior art keywords
point
lever
link
output
hinged
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Expired - Lifetime
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US777665A
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English (en)
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Serge Ramseier
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Battelle Development Corp
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Battelle Development Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
    • F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
    • F16H21/40—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for interconverting rotary motion and oscillating motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
    • F16H21/06—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides which can be made ineffective when desired
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K1/00—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion
    • G06K1/02—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion by punching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18248—Crank and slide

Definitions

  • Two holding members act respectively on the second lever to prevent it from moving otherwise than by a sliding motion along the latter rectilinear path, and on the guide element to immobilize it at a fixed point coinciding with the upper end of this alternating motion.
  • Either one or the other of the holding members is made operative and the first is arranged so as to form, when energized an abutment against which the second lever can back on to as soon as the free end of the first lever has crossed the rectilinear path (working stroke), and from PATENTEU was l97l 3 580 08 9 sum 1 BF 6 I PATENTED "M25197! FI 0a PATENIEU m2 5
  • This invention provides a converting mechanism for transforming continuous rotational motion into alternating motion, which comprises an input shaft that carries at least one eccentric pivot pin, and at least one pair of levers hinged to one another at one of their ends by a central hinge, the free end of a first of said levers being connected to said eccentric pivot pin and the free end of the second of said levers being connected to a blocking element which guides this latter end along a substantially rectilinear path delimited by a top dead point and a bottom dead point.
  • the device imparts to the output member the required to-and-fro motion; but as soon as the rod can bend or as soon as the lever that is connected to the output member is allowed to move out of the path of travel of the output member, the alternating motion ceases to be transmitted.
  • the means for keeping the rod stiff are required to perform their stiffening function during at least half of each revolution of the input shaft, i.e., the half during which the rod exerts a thrust on the output member. Consequently, the motion of the output member can be interrupted at any instant of its cycle, even when a portion of thiscycle has already taken place.
  • the mechanism provided by the present invention does not suffer from these drawbacks. It is characterized in that the connection between the eccentric pivot pin and the free end of the first lever being so arranged that, upon rotation of the input shaft, this free end describes, from a periodic motion, a drive path which meets said rectilinear path at at least one point of intersection such that, upon this free end reaching said one point, the two levers are in alignment along said rectilinear path, said motion taking place in a direction such that this point of intersection may be reached after the free end of the second lever has crossed said top dead point, in that it comprises two holding members associated with said pair of hinged levers and operating in mutually excluding relationship, the first being able, when operative, to hold the free end of the second lever immobilized at a fixed point which coincides with said top dead point and the second being able, when operative, to compel the second lever to remain aligned along said rectilinear path, control means being provided for selectively rendering one of said holding members operative to the exclusion of the
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the first embodiment
  • FIGS. 2a to 22 diagrammatically illustrate the operation thereof
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate three magnetic variants of a particular element of this first embodiment
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate two magnetomechanical variants of this same particular element
  • FIG. 8 diagrammatically illustrates a mechanical variant of this particular element
  • FIG. 9 illustrates pneumatic means for actuating the particular element diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 8;
  • FIGS. 10a and 10b illustrate, in two operative positions, a pneumatic variant of this selfsame particular element
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating the second embodiment
  • FIGS. 12a to 12d diagrammatically illustrate its operation
  • FIGS. 13 to 17 illustrate five variants regarding the manner in which the mechanism is driven.
  • the mechanism shown in FIG. 1. comprises a selection stage consisting of a first lever 1 which is hinged, via a central hinge 2, to a second lever 3.
  • the end of lever 1 is provided with a driving pin 4 through which it is indirectly connected to an eccentric pin 26 carried by a disc 5 which is continuously rotated by a drive shaft 6.
  • This connection is indirect inasmuch as it is made through a driving rod 7 of which one end 29 is driven by the eccentric pin 26 and of which the other end 27 is hinged to an oscillating lever 8 which pivots about a fixed point 9 and which obliges the end 27 to describe an are 28.
  • the end 39 of lever 3 is connected by an immobilizing pin 10 to a blocking element 11 consisting of a lever which pivots about a fixed point 12.
  • This selection stage comprises moreover holding means consisting of two holding members 14 and 15.
  • the latter are electromagnets which are energized by windings 16 and 17 and levers 3 and 11, with which they respectively cooperate, are made, at least in part, of a ferromagnetic material.
  • the holding member 14 is so arranged that, when it is energized, it will prevent the lever 3 from describing a motion other than a simple, practically rectilinear, reciprocatory motion along an axis 18 passing through the immobilizing pin 10 and through the central hinge 2.
  • the holding member 15 is so arranged that, when it is energized, it will prevent the blocking element 11 from moving about pin 12 and keep the immobilizing pin 10 fixed in the position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the relative position of the linkage formed by the two levers l and 3 in relation to the axis of plate 5 is so chosen that the axis of sliding 18 may meet the drive path 19 described by pin 4 at two points: an upper point 20, remote from immobilizing pin 10-, an a lower point 21, nearer said locking pin 10. Further, this relative position is so chosen that the instantaneous speed of the driving pin 4, when being moved in the direction of arrow 23 along path 19, may have, at least along the portion 22 immediately preceeding the upper point 20, a centripetal component directed towards the central hinge 2.
  • windings 16 and 17 they are connected to a source of electric current 24 through the intermediary of a switch 25 for selectively supplying one or other of the windings but never both together, so that they operate in a mutually excluding relationship. 5
  • the operation of the mechanism is as follows. Let us consider the motion of the driving pin 4 starting from the moment it occupies the position shown in FIG. 2a and let us suppose that the holding member 14 is energized with its winding 16 being supplied by source 24 in accordance with the position occupied by switch 25. In that case, holding member 15 is inoperative.
  • the driving pin 4 is located at the beginning of section 22 and its instantaneous velocity, represented by arrow 30, has a centripetal component 31 directed towards the central hinge 2.
  • This centripetal component 31 produces a force 32 that is applied to the central hinge 2, which force in turn can be decomposed into two components, one 33, which extends transversely to the lever 3, the other 34, which extends longitudinally of this lever 3.
  • the transverse component 33 of this force 32 is balanced by that exerted by the holding member 14.
  • the longitudinal component 34 it is not balanced so that lever 3 performs the only movement which it is allowed to do, i.e., a longitudinal sliding motion along axis 18, this sliding motion being represented by arrow 35.
  • the blocking element 11 pivots about its pin 12 and reaches, when the driving pin 4 crosses axis 18, the position that is represented in thick lines in FIG. 2b. At that instant, the levers l and 3 are in alignment with one another. As the motion of the driving pin 4 continues, the linkage takes on the appearance shown in FIG. 2c.
  • the transverse component 33 of force 32 is now directed towards the holding member 14, which thus acts as a natural abutment.
  • the energization of the latter can thus be interrupted without disturbing the subsequent motion of the linkage since a self-locking action occurs on the part of lever 3 against holding member 14.
  • the blocking element 11 continues its motion under the action of longitudinal force 34, then begins to move back when the driving pivot 4 enters upon the ascending portion of its drive path 19, since, from then on, force 32, which was directed away from driving pin 4, is reversed so as to be directed towards the latter, but the transverse component 33 remains directed towards the holding member 14, as shown in FIG. 2d.
  • the output 13 of the selection stage thus performs a working stroke. It will also be observed that the holding member 14 need only be operative during part of the motion of the driving pin 4, i.e., that part which begins when the instantaneous speed of the driving pin 4 acquires a centripetal component and which ends when this driving pin 4 crosses axis 18. During the remainder of the cycle, the holding member 14 can be made inoperative since the lever 3 finds itself self-locked against the holding member 14.
  • the transverse component 33 of force 32 produced by the centripetal component 31 of the instantaneous velocity 30 of driving pin 4 will cause the central hinge 2 to turn and the lever 3 to move away from the holding member 14, whereas the blocking element 11 remains blocked against the operative holding member 15 as shown in FIG. 2e.
  • the immobilizing pin remains stationary, as also the output 13 of the selection stage. In this instance, the selection stage can be said to carry out an idle stroke.
  • the energization of the holding member may be interrupted during part of the cycle, to wit as soon as the driving pin 4 has crossed the lower point 21 of its path of travel 19.
  • the mechanism is able to operate in- I terrnittently and that, in the course of each intermittence, its output can carry out a whole number of to-and-fro movements, which whole number can be as small as one; further, a to-and-fro motion always includes a complete outward movement and a complete return movement, the output 13 always stopping at the end of its journey and never part of the way. In other words, the mechanism has an intermittent stroke-bystroke action." It will also be observed that the instant at which the holding member 14 is rendered operative is of no consequence provided that this operative state be maintained for a duration which includes the time taken by the driving pin 4 to travel over section 22 of its path of travel.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate variants concerned with the magnetic type holding members.
  • electromagnets i.e. ferromagnetic circuits energized by windings through which flow electric currents
  • they can be made to consist of magnetic circuits energized by a permanent magnet.
  • a permanent magnet 40 is mounted on a rotary component 41 which enables it to energize either the magnetic circuit 14 or the magnetic circuit 15.
  • This rotary component 41 forms, as does switch 25 in FIG. 1, a control means for selectively energizing either one or the other of the holding members 14 and 15.
  • a permanent energization magnet 42 is mounted on a pivotal component 43 which is able, by pivoting about a stationary pin 44, to energize either one or other of the magnetic circuits l4 and 15.
  • a permanent magnet 45 is mounted on a sliding component 46 which enables it to occupy two positions: in one of these positions it energizes the magnetic circuit 14 and in the other it energizes the magnetic circuit 15.
  • the holding means are of a mixed kind, i.e. that one of the holding members is electromagnetic, whereas the other is of the elastic type.
  • the holding member which is intended to cooperate with lever 3 consists of a magnetic circuit 14
  • the holding member which cooperates with the blocking element 11 consists of an abutment 47 associated with a spring blade 48.
  • the stiffness of this spring blade 48 must be such that it holds in position the blocking element 11 when the magnetic circuit 14 is nonoperative and that it yields elastically when this circuit is made operative.
  • the elastic holding member consists of an abutment 49 associated with an elastic pusher member 50.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a purely mechanical variant wherein the holding means comprises a rocker 66 pivotally mounted on a pin 67 and provided with two lugs 68 and 69 able to cooperate with two hooks 70 and 71 respectively carried by the lever 3 of the linkage and by the blocking element 11.
  • the length of the hook 70 is suth that it remains in engagement with the lug 68 at least while the driving pin 4 is travelling along portion 22 of its drive path 19.
  • the holding members, here lugs 68 and 69 can themselves act as abutments; but the friction which would result from this could hinder the pivotal action of the rocker 66.
  • rocker 66 As for the rocker 66 (FIG. 8) it can be actuated, via arm 74,
  • FIG. 9 illustrates pneumatic control means involving two nozzles 78 and 79 which are alternately made to communicate, by a rotary member 80, with a extension 81 through which air under pressure can be supplied from a source not shown,
  • the rotary member 80 is formed with a central channel 82 which alternately discharges (to atmosphere) the interior of that nozzle which is not under pressure.
  • FIGS. 10a and 10b illustrate, with the selection stage performing a working stroke (FIG. 10a and an idle stroke (FIG. 10b respectively, another variant wherein the holding members consist of bellmouthed suction nozzles 84 and 85 which are alternately made to communicate, by a rotary member 86, via a first channel 87, with a connector 88 connected to a negative pressure source, not shown.
  • the nozzle 84 acts on lever 3 whereas the nozzle 85 acts on the blocking element 11.
  • the rotary member 86 is provided with a second channel 89 for putting that one of nozzles 85 and 86 which is not connected to connector 88 into communication with the atmosphere, or as the case may be, with a source of air under pressure via a pipe 90.
  • the immobilizing pin 10 describes a small are which is centered on the stationary pin 12. In order for this are to be assimilated, as we have done, to a straight line section, the angular motion of the blocking element 11 must be small, i.e. the distance between the stationary pin 12 and the immobilization pin 10 must be large in relation to the distance travelled by the latter. Clearly, the bulkiness of the mechanism resulting from this arrangement can be avoided by mounting the immobilizing pin 10 on a slide running along a rectilinear slideway, this slide being so arranged that it can cooperate one way or another with the holding member 15. In such an event, the immobilizing pin 10 follows a strictly rectilinear path and the same applies to the output 13.
  • the mechanism comprises only a single selection stage. It is possible however to design a mechanism which comprises several stages which are actuated by a common drive shaft.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of the mechanism provided with two selection stages.
  • This mechanism comprises a drive shaft 6, disc 5 carrying an eccentric pin 26, a driving rod 7 and an oscillating lever 8 able to pivot about a stationary pin 9.
  • the rod 7, the lever 8 and the pin 9 form a indirect connection which is common to the driving pins 4a and 4b of the two selection stages.
  • Each of these stages is identical to that described in relation to FIG. 1.
  • levers 1a and 1b and of levers 3a and 3b which are hinged to one another by central hinges 2a and 2b; they comprise moreover blocking elements 11a and 11b able to pivot about stationary pins 12a and 12b.
  • These blocking elements are mounted head to tail alongside one another and the outputs formed by their ends 13a and 13b are connected to a common swing bar by intermediate links 56a and 56b.
  • This intermediate swing bar 55 carries a pin 57 positioned a third of the way between its ends 58a and 58b as shown by FIGS. 12a to 12d, this pin forming the output of the mechanism.
  • the holding members for each of the selection stages have not been shown in FIG. 11. But it must be remembered that the holding members which are associated with selection stage a cooperate, respectively, with face 59a of lever 3a and with face 60a of blocking component 11b.
  • the immobilizing pins 100 and 10b they are respectively located, as is apparent from FIGS. 12a to 12d, halfway between the stationary pin 12a and the end 13a of blocking element 11a, and halfway between the stationary pin 12b and the end 13b of the blocking element 1 1b.
  • the drive path 19 can be given different shapes by suitably arranging-the indirect connection between the driving pin 4 and the eccentric pin 26, this indirect connection consisting, as stated earlier, of the driving rod 7, the oscillating lever 8 and the stationary pin 9.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates an arrangement by means of which-the drive path 19 can be given an asymmetrical shape which includes a fast plunging section 63.
  • FIG. 14 shows a particular arrangement for the indirect connection which provides the drive curve 19 with a near-elliptical shape.
  • the oscillating lever 8 is replaced by a slide running in a slideway 64.
  • FIG. 15 shows a third arrangement which also provides the drive path 19 with a near-elliptical shape.
  • a circular drive path may also be resorted to, for instance by directly connecting the driving pin 4 to the disc 5 (FIG. 16).
  • the drive path 19 then consists of a circle which is centered on the drive shaft 6, and the linkage formed by levers I and 3 is so arranged that the sliding axis 18 may be offset in relation to the drive shaft 6 so that the velocitymay have, along the portion 22 of path 19 which precedes the upper point 20 (intersection of the axis 18 and of the drive path 1?), a centripetal component in relation to the central hinge 2.
  • the described mechanism has a large number of uses in a wide range of fields.
  • it may be used in a keypunch machine wherein the punch would be secured to the blocking element 11, for instance at its end 13. It may also be used in a sewing machine, its needle being fixed to the blocking element 11: this makes it possible to carry out sewing operations stitch by stitch without having to interrupt the motion of the drive shaft between each stitch. It can also be used in a printing mechanism and, in such as event, it includes with advantage several selection stages, theoutputs of each of these stages actuating a printing character.
  • the mechanism when operating, exerts a thrust; but it may also exert a pull.
  • a thrust e.g. an embroidering or knitting machine
  • the output of the mechanism would move a hook for hooking and lifting a thread.
  • a motion-converting mechanism comprising rotating means for moving a driver point on an input member cyclically along a predetermined drive path
  • a first link having an input point connected to the driver point and a common point hinged to
  • stop means positioned on one side of the second link for preventing it from moving away from the linear path on that side while permitting it to move away from the linear path on the opposite side,
  • control means for selectively making operative either the urging means or the holding means, but not both, from the time during the input cycle when the output point is necessarily at its top dead point to the time when the input point first crosses the linear path
  • each means a. and b. comprises a magnetizable member and the control means selectively magnetizes one or the other said member during each input cycle.
  • each means a. and b. comprises an electromagnet and the control means comprises switching means for selectively energizing either of them.
  • each of a. the urging means and b. the holding means comprises a suction nozzle positioned to be covered, at least once during each input cycle, by the part with which it selectively cooperates, and the control means comprises valve means for selectively connecting suction means to one nozzle or the other, to make the means a. or b. operative.
  • a mechanism as in claim 1, comprising a plurality of the hinged link arrangements connected to a common input member, and output means for combining the individual outrangement to a second point on the swing bar, and means on the swing bar for providing a combined output at a point between the first and second points and closer to the first point so that a working stroke of the first hinged link arrangement provides a greater displacement than does a working stroke of the second hinged link arrangement, at the combined output point.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
US777665A 1967-11-21 1968-11-21 Motion-converting mechanism Expired - Lifetime US3580089A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1637767A CH484381A (fr) 1967-11-21 1967-11-21 Mécanisme destiné à transformer un mouvement de rotation continue en un mouvement alternatif

Publications (1)

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US3580089A true US3580089A (en) 1971-05-25

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US777665A Expired - Lifetime US3580089A (en) 1967-11-21 1968-11-21 Motion-converting mechanism

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US (1) US3580089A (fr)
CH (1) CH484381A (fr)
DE (1) DE1810732B2 (fr)
FR (1) FR1591770A (fr)
GB (1) GB1209809A (fr)
NL (1) NL6816530A (fr)
SE (1) SE347330B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108814074A (zh) * 2018-07-11 2018-11-16 芜湖帮许来诺医疗设备科技有限公司 一种轮椅固定基板用旋转装置
WO2019182532A3 (fr) * 2017-12-08 2020-07-09 Bes Isletme Arge Ve Muhendislik Cozumleri Sanayi Ticaret Limited Sirketi Mouvement de sortie de mécanisme à déplacement variable dont la course peut être nulle
CN113124119A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-07-16 陈胤浩 一种间断式驱动型机械连接主动结构
CN115435056A (zh) * 2022-09-15 2022-12-06 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 一种对准机构的角度调节方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2154208C1 (ru) * 1999-08-03 2000-08-10 Ульяновский государственный технический университет Устройство для преобразования колебательного движения во вращательное
CN102102746A (zh) * 2011-01-10 2011-06-22 柴佳辰 一种动力功率增效器

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US859447A (en) * 1906-07-25 1907-07-09 Joseph Garcia Mechanical movement.
US1788098A (en) * 1930-02-26 1931-01-06 Package Machinery Co Mechanical movement
US2228400A (en) * 1937-09-16 1941-01-14 Otto Karl Four-links chain mechanism with two-armed link motion
US2912814A (en) * 1957-06-18 1959-11-17 Ford Motor Co Cutter bar drive

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US859447A (en) * 1906-07-25 1907-07-09 Joseph Garcia Mechanical movement.
US1788098A (en) * 1930-02-26 1931-01-06 Package Machinery Co Mechanical movement
US2228400A (en) * 1937-09-16 1941-01-14 Otto Karl Four-links chain mechanism with two-armed link motion
US2912814A (en) * 1957-06-18 1959-11-17 Ford Motor Co Cutter bar drive

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PITTWOOD ECCENTRIC DRIVE, page 26, Vol. 2, No. 5, February 1960, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin 74/45 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019182532A3 (fr) * 2017-12-08 2020-07-09 Bes Isletme Arge Ve Muhendislik Cozumleri Sanayi Ticaret Limited Sirketi Mouvement de sortie de mécanisme à déplacement variable dont la course peut être nulle
US20210372507A1 (en) * 2017-12-08 2021-12-02 Bes Isletme Arge Ve Muhendislik Cozumleri Sanayi Ticaret Limited Sirketi Variable displacement mechanism output movement of which can be lowered to zero stroke
CN108814074A (zh) * 2018-07-11 2018-11-16 芜湖帮许来诺医疗设备科技有限公司 一种轮椅固定基板用旋转装置
CN108814074B (zh) * 2018-07-11 2021-04-23 赵永锦 一种轮椅固定基板用旋转装置
CN113124119A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-07-16 陈胤浩 一种间断式驱动型机械连接主动结构
CN115435056A (zh) * 2022-09-15 2022-12-06 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 一种对准机构的角度调节方法

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Publication number Publication date
GB1209809A (en) 1970-10-21
NL6816530A (fr) 1969-05-23
FR1591770A (fr) 1970-05-04
DE1810732A1 (de) 1969-07-10
DE1810732B2 (de) 1972-04-20
CH484381A (fr) 1970-01-15
SE347330B (fr) 1972-07-31

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