US3588070A - Oxygen steel converter - Google Patents

Oxygen steel converter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3588070A
US3588070A US834762A US3588070DA US3588070A US 3588070 A US3588070 A US 3588070A US 834762 A US834762 A US 834762A US 3588070D A US3588070D A US 3588070DA US 3588070 A US3588070 A US 3588070A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hood
converter
gas
oxygen
chains
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US834762A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harry L Richardson
George E Cranston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Environmental Services Inc
Chemical Construction Corp
Original Assignee
Chemical Construction Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chemical Construction Corp filed Critical Chemical Construction Corp
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Publication of US3588070A publication Critical patent/US3588070A/en
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORP. OF NY. reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORP. OF NY. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ENVIROTECH CORPORATION
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INCORPORATED reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INCORPORATED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY A NY CORP.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
    • C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to oxygen steel converters, in which a charge of molten ferrous metal is refined and/or converted to steel by the blowing of oxygen gas from an oxygen lance onto the molten metal charge.
  • the invention particularly relates to oxygen steel converters in which the off-gas removal hood is spaced above the mouth of the hood, to permit air entry into the hood and partial or total combustion of the off-gas in the hood.
  • an improved oxygen steel converter apparatus in which a series of chains or chain curtain is mounted, either integrally with the hood, or independently disposed, contiguous with the spacing or gap between the hood and the converter mouth.
  • the chains are freely suspended vertically from an upper attachment or mounting, and are preferably very closely spaced in the form of a dense curtain of chains, to partially block this area.
  • the chain curtain would then act as a heat shield or heat curtain, as well as restricting gas flow.
  • the portion of the area over which it extends may be automatically varied by any means, such as manually by the operator or automatically by response to some signal such as negative pressure in the hood.
  • the chain curtain would not interfere with rotary or tilting motion of the vessel for charging and tapping. With the vessel in the charging or tapping position, any slag accumulation from spitting or the like could be removed by fracture caused by shock cooling with a small jet of water.
  • the principal advantage of the present invention is that the chain curtain effectively modulates the flow of air into the hood of an oxygen steel converter, and prevents the flow of noxious and potentially explosive off-gas from the oxygen steel converter into the surrounding atmosphere of the steelmaking facility or shop.
  • Another advantage is that the chain curtain acts as a heat shield and prevents the exposure of operating personnel to highly elevated temperatures or radiant heat.
  • the oxygen steel converter may be tilted or rotated with the chain curtain in place, and that the chain curtain does not have to be moved or removed during various phases of the furnace-operating cycle.
  • Another object is to provide an improved apparatus for selective closure of the opening between the mouth of an oxygen steel converter and the intake area of an associated overhead hood.
  • a further object is to provide an apparatus for controlling air entry and preventing off-gas discharge, between the mouth of an oxygen steel converter and its associated off-gas removal hood.
  • An additional object is to provide an improvement in oxygen steel converters provided with spaced hoods which allow for air entry into the hood through the spacing between the hood intake and the lower converter mouth.
  • Still another object is to provide apparatus for modulating gas flow between an oxygen steel converter and its hood.
  • Still a further object is to provide an improved heat shield apparatus for oxygen steel converters.
  • FIG. I is a sectional elevation view of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the chain curtain and associated support collar or bracket in detail.
  • oxygen steel converter 1 is disposed in a generally upright or substantially vertically oriented position, and unit 1 is usually provided with an internal refractory lining 2.
  • a molten metal pool 3 consisting of a charge of molten ferrous metal is disposed within converter 1, with charge metal 3 being admitted via upper mouth 4 during intermittent nonblow periods of the operating cycle.
  • An oxygen lance 5 extends downwards into converter 1 through mouth 4, and an oxygen-rich gas stream 6, which usually consists of substantially pure oxygen, is discharged into vessel 1 via lance 5 and impinges on molten ferrous metal charge 3.
  • a hot gas stream 7 which is rich in carbon monoxide, and which rises and debouches from the mouth 4 of converter 1.
  • Gas stream 7 may react with a small proportion of inducted air immediately above and adjacent to the mouth 4, and in any case the hot gas stream flows upwards into hood 8, which is disposed above converter 1 and spaced from the mouth 4 of converter 1.
  • the hood 8 is preferably water cooled by the circulation of cooling water through an external jacket or lining.
  • nozzle 9 is provided for entry of cooling water via stream 10, with warmed cooling water being removed from the hood jacket via nozzle 11 as stream 12.
  • the off-gas stream now leaves hood 8 via stream 13, which may now be quench cooled and scrubbed for entrained solids removal in any suitable manner.
  • Stream 13 is preferably quenched and scrubbed in a venturi-type scrubber 14.
  • the hot gas stream 13 flows downwards through unit 14 and is accelerated to a high velocity by the converging inverted frustoconical baffle 15.
  • Scrubbing liquid streams 16 which usually consist of water, are passed into unit 14 above baffle 15, and the liquid flows downwards on the upper surface of baffle 15 and is projected into the high-velocity gas stream at the lower end of baffle 15, producing a dispersion of liquid droplets in the gas stream and attaining a rapid quenchscrubbing effect, whereby the gas stream is simultaneously cooled and scrubbed free of entrained solid particles.
  • the resulting scrubbed and cooled gas phase is removed from unit 14 via stream 17, which may be flared to atmosphere, employed in chemical manufacture or as a fuel gas, or otherwise utilized.
  • the solids-laden liquid phase is removed from unit 14 as stream 18, which may be discharged to waste or filtered or centrifuged for solids removal with recycle of the filtrate or clear liquor via stream 16.
  • a circular collar or bracket 19 is mounted or otherwise disposed adjacent to the annular opening between the lower perimeter of hood 8 and mouth 4, and bracket 19 is usually oriented in a position contiguous with the lower perimeter of hood 8 during the blow period.
  • a plurality of chains 20 are attached to collar 19, and the chains 20 are juxtaposed and freely suspended vertically from the collar 19, with the chains 20 depending downwards and terminating at or adjacent to the mouth 4 of the converter 1.
  • the chains 20 are preferably closely spaced in practice, so as to permit only minimal inflow of air into the space between hood 8 and converter mouth 4, with the inducted air reacting with stream 7 adjacent to chains 20 and at the entrance to hood 8.
  • the chains 20 are therefore generally composed of a suitable heat-resistant metallic alloy, such as stainless steel or other suitable refractory metallic alloy, since the reaction of inducted air with stream 7 at points or regions contiguous to chains 20 is a highly exothermic reaction consisting of the burning of carbon monoxide, which produces a further eleva tion in the temperature of the gas stream.
  • a suitable heat-resistant metallic alloy such as stainless steel or other suitable refractory metallic alloy
  • the upper collar 19 may be permanently mounted, however collar 19 may bevertically adjusted in practice by the provision of a suitable adjustable support.
  • a support rod 21 supports collar 19, and rod 21 is adjusted in vertical elcvation by controller 22, which receives a pneumatic or electrical signal via line 23, which extends from measuring device 24.
  • Unit 24 may be any suitable device for measuring changes in negative pressure within the hood 8, with pressure level being transmitted via line 25 from sensor 26 disposed within hood 8. The variations in hood negative pressure will result in adjustment of the position or vertical elevation of collar 19 and chains 20.
  • FIG. 2 is an isometric view showing the circular collar 19 and the plurality of depending chains 20 in vertical alignment.
  • the chains 20 are contiguous and may even be closely aligned with point contact between links of adjacent chains, to severely restrict the inward flow of air.
  • the chains 20 may be permanently mounted and depend downwards from an upper suspension or mounting attached to the lower perimeter or periphery of hood 8.
  • the chains 20 may even be directly mounted on or suspended from the hood 3 in some cases. in this event, or whenever the chains 20 are in a permanent emplacement, unit 22 and support number 21 and their functions may be omitted.
  • Numerous types of gas-quenching and scrubbing devices may be provided in practice, instead ofor in addition to unit 14, or in some cases stream 13 may be processed for solids removal by cooling and electrostatic precipitation or other means known to the art.
  • Means may also be provided in the apparatus of the present invention for using cooling water in conjunction with the chains 19, by
  • the collar 20 could be hollow and provided with lower perforations.
  • a cooling water stream passed into the hollow collar 20 via optional stream 27 would flow downwards through the perforations and onto the chains 19.
  • the cooling water flow would serve to cool the chains 19, and also to replace air in the interstices of the chains, with steam. Any generated steam will dissociate in the hood endothermally, thus providing a cooling effect.
  • An apparatus for treating molten ferrous metal with oxygen gas which comprises a refractory-lined vertically oriented converter, said converter having an upper mouth and being provided with an internal charge of molten ferrous metal, an oxygen lance, said lance extending downwards into said converter and serving to discharge a gas stream rich in free oxygen above said charge of molten ferrous metal, whereby an off-gas stream rich in carbon monoxide is discharged from the mouth of said converter, an off-gas removal hood, said hood being disposed above said converter and spaced from the mouth of said converter, whereby said off-gas stream flows into said hood from said converter, and a chain curtain, said curtain extending downwards in the annular spacing between said hood and said converter mouth and being composed of a lurality of juxtaposed chains, each of said chains being free y suspended vertically and depending from an upper support mounting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
US834762A 1969-06-19 1969-06-19 Oxygen steel converter Expired - Lifetime US3588070A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US83476269A 1969-06-19 1969-06-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3588070A true US3588070A (en) 1971-06-28

Family

ID=25267743

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US834762A Expired - Lifetime US3588070A (en) 1969-06-19 1969-06-19 Oxygen steel converter

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3588070A (fr)
AU (1) AU1624370A (fr)
BE (1) BE752210A (fr)
CA (1) CA920355A (fr)
DE (1) DE2030329A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2046917A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1261306A (fr)
NL (1) NL7009072A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4294432A (en) * 1980-06-02 1981-10-13 Republic Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for cooling BOF hood paneling

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2239578C3 (de) * 1971-12-20 1982-07-22 Verfahrenstechnik Dr.-Ing. Kurt Baum, 4300 Essen Gassammelhaube für Konverter
US4286776A (en) 1978-05-30 1981-09-01 Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement of a steel-making plant for capturing and conducting away flue gases

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4294432A (en) * 1980-06-02 1981-10-13 Republic Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for cooling BOF hood paneling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2030329A1 (de) 1970-12-23
FR2046917A1 (fr) 1971-03-12
CA920355A (en) 1973-02-06
GB1261306A (en) 1972-01-26
NL7009072A (fr) 1970-12-22
BE752210A (fr) 1970-12-18
AU1624370A (en) 1971-12-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORP. OF NY., NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ENVIROTECH CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003933/0138

Effective date: 19810425

AS Assignment

Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INCORPORA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004118/0578

Effective date: 19830217