US3595695A - Method and apparatus for treating sugar beet chips - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for treating sugar beet chips Download PDF

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Publication number
US3595695A
US3595695A US882099A US3595695DA US3595695A US 3595695 A US3595695 A US 3595695A US 882099 A US882099 A US 882099A US 3595695D A US3595695D A US 3595695DA US 3595695 A US3595695 A US 3595695A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chips
juice
vessel
zone
sugar beet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US882099A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eugen Langen
Heinrich Weddecke
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BWS Technologie GmbH
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Buckau R Wolf AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19681812953 external-priority patent/DE1812953C3/de
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Buckau R Wolf AG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Buckau R Wolf AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B10/00—Production of sugar juices
    • C13B10/08—Extraction of sugar from sugar beet with water
    • C13B10/083—Treatment of sugar beet before extraction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B10/00—Production of sugar juices
    • C13B10/08—Extraction of sugar from sugar beet with water
    • C13B10/10—Continuous processes
    • C13B10/102—Continuous processes having rotatable means for agitation or transportation

Definitions

  • a stream of sugar beet juice at elevated temperature is advanced through the vessel in counterflow to the stream of chips to thereby produce in the region of the upstream end of the vessel a counterflow zone. Intermediate this counterflow zone and the downstream end of the vessel chips and juice are continuously withdrawn and readmitted into the two streams to thereby produce a cross-current flow therein. In the same region additional sugar beet juice also at elevated temperature is admitted in cross-current flow. In the region of the downstream end of the vessel the treated chips, together with some of the incoming sugar beet juice, are withdrawn in form of a pumpable mixture or slurry.
  • the present invention relates generally to the treating of sugar beet chips, and more particularly to a pretreatment of such chips preliminary to the subsequent sugar extraction. Still more specifically the present invention relates to a method of efiecting such treatment, and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • the sugar beet chips are to be plasmolyzed and, depending upon the extraction apparatus used, the mixture of chips and sugar beet juice is to be made pumpable, that is to be converted into a pumpable slurry.
  • Plasmolysis refers to the contraction or shrinking of the cytoplasm in a living cell, due to the loss of water by exosmosis.
  • the beet chips are supplied to the pretreating vessel via a conduit which is oriented vertically with reference to the pretreating vessel.
  • the purpose of this arrangement is to supply the chips in a relatively high column, thereby forcing them to sink and become immersed more rapidly in the contents of the pretreating vessel.
  • air entrapped among the incoming chips can escape only very inadequately in upward direction through the tall chip column, which is a disadvantage.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • one feature of the invention resides in a method of treating sugar beet chips which comprises, briefly stated, the steps of advancing a stream of sugar beet chips in a predetermined enclosed path, and withdrawing entrapped air from the advancing chips in a first treating zone.
  • a stream of sugar beet juice at elevated temperature is passed into the path at a location downstream of the first treating zone for counterflow with reference to the chips so that the latter are warmed and subjected to partial sugar extraction in a counterflow zone downstream of the first treating zone.
  • a portion of the chips and of the juice is circulated in cross-current flow in a second treating zone downstream of the counterflow zone and additional sugar beet juice at elevated temperature is admitted in cross-current flow into said second treating zone for further raising the temperature of the chips to effect plasmolyzing and degassing of the same.
  • the thus-treated chips are then advanced to the location where the stream of sugar beet juice is admitted into the path, for admixing with the incoming beet juice to thereby obtain a pumpable mixture which is then withdrawn from the path.
  • the temperature of juice which is withdrawn in that region of the path where incoming sugar beet chips are admitted is decreased to such an extent that it is at most 15 C. above the temperature of the incoming sugar beet chips, with plasmolysis being completed and with the juice circulating in the path-as well as the pumpable mixture which is to be withdrawn from the path for subsequent extractionbeing completely gas-free.
  • the present invention in efiect subdivides the scalding process into four main steps, namely the air-free supplying of incoming chips, prewarming of the chips in counterflow with the juice, plasmolyzing of the chips for simultaneous degassing in cross-current flow, and establishing of a pumpable slurry of chips and juice in a mash zone.
  • This guarantees the quickest and most complete plasmolysis of the chips prior to entry thereof into the actual extraction apparatus, combined with the currently most advantageous heat exchange, that is optimum cooling of the raw juice obtained at a quantity of approximately 105- 150% in counterflow to the incoming freshly shredded cold chips, with a maximum temperature difference of C., and with simultaneous complete removal of the gases which are liberated during the scalding process.
  • counterflow as used herein is, of course, synonymous with countercurrent flow.
  • the cold raw juice produced in accordance with the present invention provides an improved heat economy for the entire sugar-producing installation because it is now possible to use so-called waste steam at low tension that is vapor from the cooking station upstream of the condenserfor heating of the raw juice, making it possible to save between 3 and 5% fresh steam beets, depending upon existing weather conditions.
  • the invention further provides for passing the juice, which is removed and subsequently produces the crosscurrent flow, through a surge tank or quieting vessel which is located approximately 1 meter above the upper edge of the vessel in which the pretreatment takes place, so as to obtain removal of the gases included in the thus-withdrawn juice.
  • the counterflow treatment during which the chips are subjected to washing or flushing for removal of adhering surface bacteria and for other purposes, be as short as possible-preferably less than 30 secondsa requirement which is assured in accordance with the present invention by supplying the incoming chips free from air and by subsequently degassing them in the second treating zone in which cross-current flow takes place.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through an apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken on the line 11-11 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a section taken on the line III-III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a section taken on the line IV--IV of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary, partly sectioned view on an enlarged scale of a portion of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a somewhat diagrammatic perspective view illustrating the complete apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial view of the advancing device for advancing the sugar beet chips through the apparatus, shown on an enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 8 is a section taken on the line VIIIVIII of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a further View of the advancing device, analogous to FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 10 is an end view of FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a section taken on the line XIXI of FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematically illustrated developed view of FIG. 7.
  • reference numeral 1 identifies a substantially cylindrical vessel which is closed at its opposite axial ends with the covers 2 and 3.
  • Bearings 4 and 5 are provided in the covers 2 and 3, respectively, and support a rotatable shaft 7.
  • Ribs 6 are provided for supporting the bearing '5, and a somewhat diagrammatically shown drive 8 is provided exteriorly adjacent the cover 2 for rotating the shaft 7 about its longitudinal axis.
  • a screen 9 of circular configuration Located Within the vessel 1, in the region of the cover 2 and defining a raw juice collecting chamber 10, is a screen 9 of circular configuration.
  • the shaft 7 has a larger diameter in the region 22 and a smaller diameter in the region 23.
  • screen cleaning members 15 which wipe over the screen 9 to remove entrapped particulate matter therefrom, as well as substantially wing-shaped mixing members 17.
  • interruptors 16 which are secured to the inner circumferential wall of the vessel 1.
  • stiffening sheet material members 28 and ring members 27 which surround the portion 22 of the shaft 7 with spacing.
  • the interruptors are arranged at an angle to prevent backing-up of the advancing sugar beet chips.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show that the ring-shaped elements 17 which are arranged between the interruptors 16 consist of a profiled portion 29 and a planar portion 30 with grate-like cutouts 33.
  • the portion 29 has a streamlined cross-section reminiscent of the cross-section of an airplane wing.
  • the upper side Si. is either planar or slightly curved and constitutes the pressure side, whereas the underside 32 is strongly convexly curved and constitutes the suction side as shown in FIG. 12.
  • the action of the elements 17 in conjunction with the interruptors 16 in a closed vessel will be evident to those skilled in the art. It is emphasized, however, that for a detailed description reference may be had to German Pat, No. 948,320.
  • FIG. 8 and in FIG. 12 the direction of rotation of the shaft 7 is identified with respective arrows and from FIG. 8 it will be seen that the leading edge 34 of the elements 17 is inclined in the direction of rotation at an angle alpha.
  • a further zone 14 is provided in the region of the cover 3, and may be considered a mash zone.
  • a stirring device 21 which is fastened to the shaft 7 and which serves, in conjunction with the incoming sugar beet juice which is admitted from the non-illustrated actual extracting apparatus, to produce in the zone 14 a pumpable slurry of juice and treated or rather pretreatedbeet chips.
  • a disc member 24 which is mounted on the shaft 7 for rotation therewith and is located between the cover 3 and the stirring device 21. This is shown in FIG. from where it will also be evident that the disc member 24 is associated with a ring member 25 is mounted on the inside of the cover 3.
  • One or more inlets 35 communicate with the space surrounded by the cover 3, the ring member 25 and the disc member 24, and the juice is admitted to this space. Because of this manner of admitting the incoming juice the same passes through the annular gap 26 into the interior of the vessel and is therefore uniformly distributed as it enters the zone 14.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the conduit 36 communicates with the upper half of the vessel 1 and extends transversely to the 1ongitudinal axis of the latter, being upwardly inclined at an angle to the horizontal.
  • a rotary feed screw 37 is located within the supply conduit 36, and a vertical feed hopper 43 communicates with the conduit 36 for admitting fresh chips into the same.
  • an upper wall portion of the conduit 36 is provided with a screening zone 40 in which a screen 41 is arranged in the upper wall portion, the screen being covered by a plate 42 which is arranged upwardly above into a spacing from the screen 41.
  • a portion of the raw sugar beet juice is supplied in cross-current flow to the incoming chips.
  • two inlets 44 are provided which communicate via a conduit 46 with an outlet 45 of the collecting chamber 10, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the juice thus supplied to the interior of the supply conduit 36, and the juice obtained by extraction of the chips, are supplied via an outlet 60 and a conduit 61 to the conduit 63 which receives juice from the chamber 10 via the outlet 62 and conveys it via a pump 64 and the conduit 65 for further processing.
  • the chamber 10 and the zone 40 are provided with outlets 66, 67 respectively.
  • a conduit 68 leading to the foam breaking device 53 of known construction Connected to the outlet 67 is a conduit 68 leading to the foam breaking device 53 of known construction, and a conduit 69 which is connected with the outlet 66 communicates with the conduit 68 and therefore also indirectly with the foam breaking device 53.
  • the incoming fresh chips have air withdrawn from them in the zone 40 via the outlet 67, so that they enter the vessel 1 free of air. Because the air which is so withdrawn contains foam, the conduit 68 communicates with the foam breaking device 53.
  • FIGS. 2 and 6 show that for producing the cross-current fiow in the zone 13 there is provided a preferably cylindrical screen 48 located in the illustrated embodiment exteriorly of the vessel 1, with a cleaning screw 51 I0- tating in the interior of the screen 48 to remove adhering contaminants therefrom.
  • the screen 48 is accommodated by housing 57 which defines a juice chamber 58.
  • a conduit 49 communicates with the inner side of the screen 48, that is within the operative region of the rotating cleaning screw 51, and the mixture of chips, juice and foam withdrawn from the interior of the vessel 1 is supplied in this manner into the interior of the screen 48.
  • the screw advances the mixture of juice and chips downwardly (see FIG. 2) and returns it via a return flow conduit 15 into the vessel 1.
  • the juice collecting in the chamber 58 is withdrawn via an outlet 73- and conducted by a conduit 74 to the foam separating device 52 of known construction, where gas removal is carried out. Via a steam conduit 75 steam is supplied to the foam separating device 52.
  • This device also identified as an equalizing or quieting tank, thus assures a foam separation and degassing.
  • the separated foam is conducted via a conduit 76 to the foam breaking device 53 and the degassed juice leaves the device 52 via a conduit 77.
  • the device 53 is further provided with an additional steam conduit 80 and with a secondary conduit 87 communicating with the juice conduit 87, so that the foam can be more readily separated into gas and juice.
  • the gases are vented to the atmosphere via conduits 81 and 82.
  • the conduit 81 is connected with an outlet 82 in the hopper 43 so that the gases can escape to the atmosphere past the incoming chips.
  • the foam which enters the chamber 58 is withdrawn at the outlet 78 and passed via a conduit 79 to the conduit 76 from which it enters the foam breaking device 53.
  • the juice which is collected in the foam breaker 53 is passed via a conduit 83 to a cross-current flow pump 84 from where it advances via a conduit 86 to a heat exchanger 59 to which heat is supplied via a heat conduit 85.
  • the juice which is heated in the heat exchanger 59 which latter may be of known construction-is largely passed via a conduit 87 to the inlet 54 and thereby into the cross-flow current zone 13.
  • the remaining heated juice passes for foam breaking purposes via the auxiliary conduit 87' to the foam breaking device 53.
  • a method of treating sugar beet chips comprising the steps of advancing a stream of sugar beet chips in a predetermined enclosed path; withdrawing entrapped air from the advancing chips in a first treating zone; passing a stream of sugar beet juice at elevated temperature into said path at a predetermined location downstream of said first treating zone for countercurrent flow with reference to said chips in a second treating zone, so that the chips are warmed and subjected to partial sugar extraction; circulating a portion of the chips and of said juice in crosscurrent flow in a third treating zone downstream of said second treating zone, and admitting additional juice at elevated temperature for further raising the temperature of said chips for plasmolizing and degassing of the same; advancing the thus treated chips for admixing with incoming sugar beet juice; and stirring the treated chips and incoming sugar beet juice in a fourth zone to thereby obtain a pumpable mixture.
  • step of circulating comprises continuously withdrawing a portion of said chips and said juice from said path in said third treating zone, withdrawing gas carried along by the thus withdrawn portions, and continuously returning the withdrawn portions in cross-current flow into said third treating zone of said path.
  • An apparatus for treating sugar beet chips comprising advancing means for advancing a stream of sugar beet chips in a predetermined enclosed path; first withdrawing means for withdrawing entrapped air from the advancing stream in a first zone; first circulating means for circulating a stream of sugar beet juice at elevated temperature in said enclosed path in counterflow to said stream of chips for warming the same and subjecting them to partial sugar extraction in a second zone downstream of said first zone; second circulating means for circulating a portion of said chips and juice in cross-current flow to said streams in a third zone downstream of said second zone, and for admitting additional beet juice at elevated temperature to thereby raise the temperature of the chips in said stream for plasmolizing and degassing of said chips; removal means for removing gases from the plasmolized chips; and second withdrawing means for withdrawing a pumpable slurry of chips and juice from said path in a fourth zone downstream of said third zone and in which said chips and juice are stirred to convert them into said pumpable slurry.
  • said advancing means comprising a closed elongated vessel having longitudinally spaced end portions, a shaft coaxially mounted in said vessel for rotation therein, and a plurality of axially spaced mixing and advancing members mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith and being interspersed with flow-interrupting elements.
  • said vessel having end walls at said end portions and comprising an outlet for treated beet chips arranged in the region of one of said end portions; and further comprising an opening in the associated end wall at said one end portion, a ring member stationarily mounted on the inner side of said associated end wall and surrounding said opening, and a disc member mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith adjacent said ring member and defining with the latter an annular gap; and wherein said first circulating means communicates with said opening so that said beet juice enters through the same and passes substantially uniformly distributed through said annular gap.
  • An apparatus as defined in claim 5 further comprising a supply conduit communicating with said vessel at the upstream end portion thereof and having an axis extending transversely to the elongation of said vessel and upwardly inclined with reference to the horizontal, a rotary feed screw mounted in said supply conduit for advancing a stream of sugar beet chips through the latter and into said vessel, a substantially vertical feed hopper communicating with the interior of said supply conduit, and screen means in an upwardly directed wall portion of said supply conduit intermediate said hopper and said vessel; and wherein said first withdrawing means communicates with said supply conduit through said screen means for withdrawing through the latter the air entrapped in the advancing stream of chips.
  • said mixing members comprising ring-shaped elements provided on said shaft in said second zone inclined in direction toward said third zone and having leading edge portions which are inclined oppositely said direction.
  • said ringshaped elements being of streamlined configuration and so staggered circumferentially of said shaft that the pressure zone originating with each ring-shaped element in response to rotation of said shaft merges with the suction zone originating with the respective circumferentially preceding ring-shaped element.
  • foam separating and breaking means comprises a foam separating device and a discrete foam breaking device separate from said separating device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US882099A 1968-12-05 1969-12-04 Method and apparatus for treating sugar beet chips Expired - Lifetime US3595695A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681812953 DE1812953C3 (de) 1968-12-05 Brühtrog zum Überführen von Zuckerriibenschnitzeln in den Zustand der Plasmolyse

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US3595695A true US3595695A (en) 1971-07-27

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US882099A Expired - Lifetime US3595695A (en) 1968-12-05 1969-12-04 Method and apparatus for treating sugar beet chips

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US (1) US3595695A (fr)
BE (1) BE740454A (fr)
FR (1) FR2025407A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL6918355A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3746576A (en) * 1969-12-02 1973-07-17 Braunschweigische Masch Bau Method of defoaming of sugar liquor in counter-current chip-mixers
US3930801A (en) * 1973-03-30 1976-01-06 "Raffinerie Tirlemontoise" Apparatus for liquid extracting of products which are part of solid materials
US3990905A (en) * 1976-02-09 1976-11-09 Nalco Chemical Company Food process antifoam
CN117959759A (zh) * 2024-03-29 2024-05-03 山东沪康信息科技有限公司 一种用于中药实验室的提取搅拌装置

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3746576A (en) * 1969-12-02 1973-07-17 Braunschweigische Masch Bau Method of defoaming of sugar liquor in counter-current chip-mixers
US3930801A (en) * 1973-03-30 1976-01-06 "Raffinerie Tirlemontoise" Apparatus for liquid extracting of products which are part of solid materials
US3990905A (en) * 1976-02-09 1976-11-09 Nalco Chemical Company Food process antifoam
CN117959759A (zh) * 2024-03-29 2024-05-03 山东沪康信息科技有限公司 一种用于中药实验室的提取搅拌装置
CN117959759B (zh) * 2024-03-29 2024-06-07 山东沪康信息科技有限公司 一种用于中药实验室的提取搅拌装置

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Publication number Publication date
FR2025407A1 (fr) 1970-09-11
BE740454A (fr) 1970-04-01
DE1812953A1 (de) 1970-08-06
NL6918355A (fr) 1970-06-09

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