US3602893A - Electrographic display apparatus - Google Patents

Electrographic display apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3602893A
US3602893A US824641A US3602893DA US3602893A US 3602893 A US3602893 A US 3602893A US 824641 A US824641 A US 824641A US 3602893D A US3602893D A US 3602893DA US 3602893 A US3602893 A US 3602893A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
level
output
display
character
input
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US824641A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert James Hodges
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STC PLC
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3602893A publication Critical patent/US3602893A/en
Assigned to STC PLC reassignment STC PLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORPORATION, A DE CORP.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/14—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
    • G06F3/147—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units using display panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41B—MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRIC COMPOSING DEVICES
    • B41B25/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparation of record carriers for controlling composing machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41B—MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRIC COMPOSING DEVICES
    • B41B27/00—Control, indicating, or safety devices or systems for composing machines of various kinds or types
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
    • G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
    • G06K15/14—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers by electrographic printing, e.g. xerography; by magnetographic printing

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Display apparatus particularly applicable to editing coded information stored in punched or magnetic tapes. Tape information is divided into character codes and- 7'0 BLOCKS 7 /9 an 15s Junie MDJIIQ PAPER MP5 IMR PATENTED Ansel l9" 3.602.893
  • the invention relates to electrographic display apparatus for editing coded information.
  • Electrographic display apparatus is defined as apparatus of the kind wherein the recording surface of a print drum or band is selectively magnetized or electrostatically charged to form a pattern, or latent image thereon representative of information contained in a signal applied to the apparatus, and wherein the print drum or band is passed through or relative to a powder applicator containing a powder that is attracted to the electromagnetically or electrostatically formed latent image to develop same and to form a powder image which may be viewed at a display position.
  • the electrographic display apparatus has a particular application to the editing of coded information stored in punched tapes used for controlling for example an automatic typesetting device as used in the printing industry.
  • the apparatus may also be adapted for editing other storage media, for instance magnetic tape, which may for some application be used instead of or as an alternative to punched tape.
  • the invention provides an electrographic display apparatus of the kind as hereinbefore defined for editing coded information including an input unit for assembling the coded information applied to said apparatus into function and character codes, a code translation system for causing characters representative of said character codes to be sequentially displayed in a manner determined by said function codes on N (greater than or equal to two) display record surfaces, means for connecting the coded information displayed on at least one of said N-display' record surfaces, means for providing at the output of said apparatus coded information representative of the characters as displayed on the N'display record surface.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a cutaway perspective view of an electrographic display apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 diagrammatically illustrates in the form of a block diagram the electrographic display apparatus shown in the drawing according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the channels of a recording head which forms part of the electrographic display apparatus according to the invention, that are utilized in the formation of various characters,
  • FIG. 4 illustrates typical waveforms that are generated by the electrographic display apparatus shown in the drawing according to FIG. 2 in order that either a Roman or an Italic character may be displayed, and
  • FIG. 5 illustrates typical waveforms that are generated by the electrographic display apparatus shown in the drawing according to FIG. 2 in order that a Bold character may be displayed.
  • FIG. I a cutaway perspective view of an electrographic display apparatus of the kind as hereinbefore defined is diagrammatically illustrated therein which is adapted for editing a punched tape and which comprises three display units contained within a single housing member I.
  • the display or print bands 2, 2A and 2B of each of three display units, which are viewed through the apertures 7, 7A and 7B in the housing member 1 and which are in the form of closed loops of tape, are each guided by a series of rollers 3 and moved in the direction of the arrows A i.e.
  • Each of the three display units are self contained and provided with a powder tray (not shown in the drawings) which is situated underneath the print band in order that residual powder which drops from the band can be collected thereby preventing this powder from contaminating the mechanical parts ofthe apparatus.
  • the display units formed by the print bands 2, 2A and 28 will hereinafter be respectively referred to as the first, second and third displays.
  • the first display which is arranged to display the incoming uncorrected data as obtained from the punched tape is provided with a correction facility which may be performed at a position 8
  • the second display which is arranged to display the corrected data as displayed at the first display is also provided with a correction facility which may be performed at a position 9
  • the third display is arranged to display the corrected data as displayed at the second display thereby providing a final check before the corrected punched tape is produced at the output of the apparatus.
  • the information contained in the punched tape is displayed on print band 2, if no corrections are made, the text progresses to print band 2A and then to print band 28.
  • Information on the print band 28 after passing a predetermined datum point which is situated towards the left-hand side of the displayed portion of this print band is punched out of a new paper tape.
  • a keyboard 10 provides the means, before a correct punched tape is produced, for initiating a correction at either of the positions 8 and 9 in a manner as will be outlined in subsequent paragraphs and a series of selector switches 11 are adapted as will also be outlined in subsequent paragraphs to effect different modes of operation of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • Each of the characters will be formed from a series of dots.
  • the same number of characters can be displayed to the left of the correction points as are lost to view between the recording head and the right-hand side of the display window.
  • the apparatus is capable of displaying 12 words, say 72 characters, before the correction points and the same number after, that each character is formed from a 9X15 dot matrix, i.e. 9 dots wide X 15 dots high with capitals'(upper case) being based on a 9X l 2 dot matrix, that the equivalent of two dots will be used as spacing between characters, and that each dot of the character matrix will be generated as six pulses to the recording head assembly for Roman and Italic characters and 12 pulses to the recording head assembly for Bold characters.
  • a 36-track recording head assembly will be utilized at each one of the three display positions and the head assembly will included a ti]ting" mechanism to enable Italic characters to be obtained.
  • the electrographic display apparatus shown in the drawing according to FIG. 1 is diagrammatically illustrated in the form of a block diagram in the drawing according to FIG. 2.
  • the input to the apparatus is derived from a punched paper tape which is applied to a high speed paper tape reader 12 capable of reading the tape at a rate of approximately 250 characters per second in order to achieve the display quoted in a preceding paragraph when the print band at each of the three displays is running at a maximum speed of say 20 characters per second and to enable functional codes to be shifted rapidly so as not to appear on the display.
  • the output of the apparatus which is a new punched paper tape is provided by a paper tape punch unit 13.
  • the paper tape applied to the input of the reader 12 has punched into it not only character codes but also functional codes which ensure that characters take the correct form i.e. Italic, Roman or Bold et cetera. It is to be assumed that the functional codes which precede the character codes are in the form of shift codes, thus once a function has been set up it will be cancelled by a subsequent function.
  • the apparatus shown in the drawing according to FIG. 2 is adapted by way of example to allow for the appearance of a maximum of six functional codes before a character code and it is to be assumed that an 8-hole tape is to be employed i.e. 8-bit codes for characters and functions.
  • each of these stores is arranged to be capable of storing l08-bit codes and that approximately 25 percent of the store capacity is taken up by functional codes which do not appear on the display.
  • the stored codes will be functional codes which will not be displayed, it is necessary to count the number of characters to be displayed as they enter the store by means of the character counters 17, 18 and 19.
  • the characters are fast shifted through the store so that the first character occupies the last position in the store, ready for correction in an intermediate one character store i.e. stores 14A and 15A.
  • the three counters 17, 18 and 19 and associated shift circuitry which are provided, are arranged one for each level.
  • Store 14 accepts code from the reader 12 at for example four rates i.e. three slow rates for characters and a fast rate for functional codes. This arrangement avoids gaps occurring between the characters on the display due to functional codes.
  • the three slow rates can be considered by way of example as being 20 characters per second, five characters per second and a one shot as defined by keyboard operation.
  • the shift circuits 20, 21 and 22 which are respectively associated with the stores 14, 15 and 16 can be driven at the reading rate TWR of the reader 12 or at the keyboard rate TWK or as will be explained later in more detail at a fast shift rate from the functional shift control 23, in which case each store can shift independently of the others.
  • each store can shift independently of the others.
  • the apparatus is arranged such that if a character code appears at the input to any one of the stores 14 through 16 it is shifted through the store at the TWR or TWK rate but if a functional code appears at the input to any one of the stores 14, through 16 it is detected and shifted rapidly before the display band has moved to the next character position.
  • a significant saving is achieved in the amount of equipment that is used by utilizing common circuitry for each of the three displays and causing this circuitry to be scanned at a high speed, relative to the normal machine speed.
  • the scanning action is achieved by providing a 50 kc./s timcounter 25 which each consist of a 50/3 kc./s timing wave are applied to the appropriate levels of sequence gates 26, 27 and 28 respectively located at the inputs to a decoder 29, the functional shift control 23, recording head amplifiers 30 and to staticizers 31, a function control 32, and a recording head selector 33.
  • the apparatus is arranged such that there is no possibility of the scanned circuits getting out of synchronism.
  • the 8-bit codes appear at the input of each of the stores 14, 15 and 16 they are applied to the appropriate eight inputs of the sequence gates 26 and the output of the shift circuits 20, 21 and 22 are respectively applied to the stores 14, 15 and 16 and to the counters 17, 18 and 19 via the wires marked SI-Il to 8H3.
  • the scanning process causes the 8-bit code associated with each of the stores to be sequentially applied to the decoder- 29 and if the 8-bit code represents a character then it is decoded into a discrete signal and applied via one of 112 character wires to a character generator matrix 34 for example, a ferrite core matrix.
  • the 8-bit code is a functional code then it is decoded into a discrete signal and applied on one of 16 wires to the appropriate input of the functional shift control 23 via the sequence gates 27 which are also scanned in the same sequence as the sequence gates 26.
  • the three outputs C1 to C3 of the functional shift control are respectively connected to the inputs C1 to C3 respectively of the counters 17 through 19 and to the inputs C1 to C3 respectively of the shift circuits 20 to 22. Therefore during each complete cycle of the scanning process the three outputs of the three levels of the functional shift control 23 are sequentially applied to their respective counter and shift circuit.
  • Functional codes appearing at the input to the stores are scanned, decoded and then staticized in the appropriate level of the functional shift control 23.
  • a fast shift pulse is generated which is applied to either the reader or the appropriate shift circuit so that it rapidly shifts the functional code through thestore thereby ensuring that no space occurs between characters on the display.
  • Patched resets are provided at the functional shift control 23 which are arranged such that once a function has been staticized, the occurrence of any other selected function will cause the previously staticized function to be reset.
  • Patching is accomplished for example on a printed circuit board having solder pins mounted on it, so that soldered straps may be used to achieve the required patching.
  • the fast shift pulse when applied to the appropriate character counter inhibits the signal applied thereto from a shift circuit, which normally steps the counter on by one count, thereby ensuring that the functional code is not counted.
  • a signal is generated at the output of the unit 35 it is applied to the appropriate shift circuit to fast shift the characters through the store so that the first of the characters occupies the last position in the store, ready for correction, if necessary, in an intermediate one character store 14A, or 15A.
  • a signal is generated at each of the stores 14 through 16 when the first of the characters occupies the last position in the store i.e. generated respectively on the wires F1 to F3, which is applied to the appropriate level of the unit 35, this signal is arranged to inhibit the appropriate level of the unit 35 by causing the output signal therefrom to be removed.
  • Character codes appearing at the input to the stores are scanned, decoded and then applied via one of 112 character wires to the character generator matrix 34.
  • Each of the 112 character wires is threaded through the cores in the 9X15 ferrite core matrix which correspond to the dots of a character to be generated and displayed. Hence the character shape is generated by switching the required cores with a current waveform on the character wire.
  • wires are brought out from the 9Xl 5 matrix 34 which are each threaded through the nine cores of a separate one of the 15 rows of the matrix.
  • the nine wires which are threaded through the 15 cores of a separate one of the nine columns of the matrix are driven via a unit 45 by a times 1 1 counter 36 which is stepped by timing pulses derived from a TWD generator 37 situated at the display unit 38.
  • the TWD generator 37 generates 66 pulses per character plus space at a frequency of 2 kc./s as shown in the drawings according to FIGS. 4(A) and 5(A) and it is to be assumed that both the leading and trailing edges of each of these pulses will be utilized for switching functions.
  • a divide by six circuit 38' is interposed between the generator 37 and the counter 36 which causes the series of pulses shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4(8) to be applied at the input to the counter 36 i.e. the number of leading and trailing edges of the pulses shown in the drawing according to FIGS. 4(A) and 5(A) are divided by six in a manner such that each of the pulses shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4(B) embraces three of the pulses shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4(A).
  • Each generated dot on a display is built up by the application of six pulses to one of the recording heads 4 for Roman and Italic characters and 12 pulses to one of the recording heads 4 for bold characters, and each Roman and Italic character has a maximum of nine dots in a horizontal direction. the space between characters being equivalent therefore to two dots.
  • the two extra count positions in the counter 36 allow for the spacing between characters.
  • a feedback signal which is generated at the end of the count cycle, is applied to the input of the counter 36 in order to reset it ready for the next count cycle.
  • the output pulses from the unit 45 must be of opposite polarity to the character pulse so that the column cores are reset and an output is provided for application to the staticizers 31.
  • the pulses shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4( B) it is necessary for the pulses shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4( B) to be each divided into three separate pulses before they are applied to the matrix 34 and this is effected by the unit 45. This is necessary since during each of the stepping periods i.e. 3 mil liseconds, of the counter 36 it is necessary to interrogate each one of the nine columns of the matrix 34 three times i.e. once during each I millisecond period.
  • the character pulse and the interrogation pulse are half-write pulses and the matrix gives an output from any one of its cores when both half-write pulses exist at that core then the unit 45 would not be requited since the 15 cores of each column of the matrix 34 would be sequentially energized by the counter 36 with one half-write pulse of 3 milliseconds duration and during this period the 15 cores of each column would be sequentially energized by the character half-write pulses obtained from the stores 14 through 16 thus the contents of each of these stores will be sequentially applied to its corresponding level in the staticizers It will of course be necessary in both of the above cases to completely reset the matrix 34 at the end of the interrogation cycle of each column before the next column of the matrix 34 is processed.
  • the input to each of the three levels of the staticizers 31 is scanned 50/3 times although it should be noted that it is the first scan which sets the appropriate levels of the staticizer.
  • the rate at which the staticizers 31 are reset is fixed by reset gates '39 which are capable of being operated at a rate of either TWD/6 or TWD/ l 2.
  • the TWD/6 drive input to the gates 39 which is obtained from the divide by six circuit 38' and which is illustrated in the drawing according to FIG. 4(B) is utilized when it is required to display an Italic or Roman character and the TWD/l2 drive input to the gates 39 which is obtained from a divide by 12 circuit 40 and which is illustrated in the drawing according to FIG.
  • the dot width reset pulses which are applied to the staticizers 31 are shown in the drawings according to FIGS. 4(C) and 5(C), the pulses shown in FIG. 4(C) are applied to the staticizers 31 when it is required to display Roman or Italic characters and the pulse shown in FIG. 5(C) are applied to the staticizers 31 when it is required to display bold characters.
  • the function control 32 which derives its input from the functional shift control 23 and which is scanned in a manner as previously outlined is connected via three output wires to recording head gating circuits 41. These three output wires are utilized to instruct the circuits 41 to channel the information from the character generator matrix 34 to the appropriate input channels of a recording head, for example, the 36 tracks of each of the recording heads 4 may be utilized in a manner as shown in the drawing according to FIG. 3 to provide a nor mal capital letter with tracks 13 to 24 inclusive. a raised capital letter with tracks 1 to 24 and a dropped capital letter with tracks 13 to 36 thus in this instance the three output wires from the function control 32 would be utilized to instruct the circuits 41 that either a normal, raised or dropped capital is required.
  • the possible 15 bits of information as obtained from each level of the staticizers 31 is sequentially applied to the recording head amplifiers 30 via the sequence gates 28 where they are amplified to a level sufficient to drive the recording head tracks and also modulated with the 2 kc./s, 66 pulses per character TWD signal, in a manner as will be described in a subsequent paragraph, before being passed to the appropriate recording head 4 via the circuits 41 and the recording head selector 33.
  • the output of the functional shift control is applied to the appropriate level of a three level head tilt amplifier 42 which is arranged to tilt the recording heads 4 by a required amount to effect the provision of an Italic display.
  • TWD/6 way of example. typical waveforms are shown in the drawings according to FIGS. 4(A) to (I) and 5(A) to (I) which are respectively utilized for obtaining the display of a Roman or Italic and bold capital letter T appearing at the first character position of the store 14.
  • each one of the reset pulses according to FIG. 4(C) has a time relationship with either a leading or trailing edge of the TWD/6 pulses according to FIG. 4(B).
  • the reset pulses may for example be obtained from the TWD/6 pulses by differentiation of the TWD/6 pulses followed by rectification of the differentiated waveform.
  • the capital letterT will be based on the 9X l2 dot matrix, i.e. the crossmember of the T will be formed by the first row of nine cores and the upright member of the T will be formed by the top l2 cores of the fifth column of the matrix therefore the waveform shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4(D)represents the series of nine pulses which is representative of the crossmember of the T and which will be obtained from the first row of cores when each column of the matrix 34 has been interrogated and the waveform shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4(E) represents the pulse which is representative of part of the upright member of the T and which will be obtained from the other eleven rows of cores when the fifth column of the matrix 34 has been interrogated.
  • the TWD/6 pulse 50 (FIG. 4(8)) will give rise at the output of the unit 45 to three interrogation pulses, the first one of which will coincide with the leading edge 50A thereof and effect the interrogation of the first part (column) of the letter T therefore the first pulse 51 of the series of pulses according to FIG. 4(D) will be provided and the output of the matrix 34 since only one core i.e. the first core of the first row of the matrix, of the first column thereof will have been set by the character pulse.
  • This output pulse will set the first of the positions of the first of the three levels of the staticizer 31 and this position of the first level will then be reset by the pulse 52 (FIG. 4(C)) applied thereto via the reset gates 39 thereby providing an output pulse from the staticizer 31 which is represented by the pulse 53 shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4(F) and which is applied to the head amplifiers 30 via the sequence gates 28. It can thus be seen that the time delay t is necessary in order to effect the setting and resetting of the staticizers 31 before the next piece of information is processed. I
  • the pulse 53 is therefore applied to the head amplifiers 30 which is also delayed in time with respect to the reset pulses by an amount I thereby synchronizing it with the counter 36, wherein it is amplified to a level sufficient to drive the recording head tracks and also modulated with the 2 kc./s, 66 pulses per character plus space TWD signal to provide the waveform shown in the drawing according to FIG. 4(I-I).
  • the pulse 53 as shown in FIG. 4( H) embraces three TWD pulses and since the leading or trailing edges of these pulses are utilized for switching functions a series of six pulses is applied to a recording head 4 to generate a dot on the first display.
  • the letter T will again be written into the matrix 34 from the store 14 and the counter 36 will have been stepped along by an amount such that the pulse 54 (FIG. 4(E)) will give rise and the output of the unit 45 to three interrogation pulses, the first one of which will coincide with the leading edge 54A thereof and effect the interrogation of the second column of the matrix 34 therefore the second pulse 55 of theseries of pulses according to FIG. 4(D) will be provided on the first row wire at the output of the matrix 34 and utilized in a manner similar to the pulse 51 to cause another dot to be generated on the first display to form part of the crossmember of the T.
  • the pulse 54 (FIG. 4(E)) will give rise and the output of the unit 45 to three interrogation pulses, the first one of which will coincide with the leading edge 54A thereof and effect the interrogation of the second column of the matrix 34 therefore the second pulse 55 of theseries of pulses according to FIG. 4(D) will be provided on the first row wire at the output of the matrix 34 and utilized in
  • waveforms for the generation of bold characters at the display are'shown which are produced and utilized by the apparatus in the same manner as the waveforms for Roman and Italic characters except the TWD pulses (FIG. 5(A)) are divided by 12 instead of six to give the pulses shown in the drawing according to FIG. 5(B) and the staticizers 31 are reset by the reset pulses of FIG. 5(C) for every other one of the pulses (FIGS. 5(D) and (E)) generated at the output of the matrix 34 thus the output pulses (FIGS.
  • stepping motors are utilized at each level of the display unit 38 which are arranged to step the band, which forms part of each display, a predetermined distance at each step under controlled acceleration and deceleration rates and strobe pulses will be generated within the display unit 38 in order to facilitate the recording of characters to be effected during the acceleration and deceleration periods.
  • This speed of the stepping motors is controlled by a drive control unit 43 which may for example be arranged as previously stated to operate the stepping motors such that the characters are displayed at either a fast rate of say, 20 characters per second, a slow rate of say, five characters per second or a one shot mode ofoperation (single character feed).
  • the drive control unit is controlled from the keyboard 10 and the five inputs to the unit by way of example give the following instructions:
  • Input Iselects a rate of 20 characters per second.
  • the output of the drive control unit 43 is also connected to the reader 12 since it is necessary to operate the reader 12 at the same speed and in synchronism with the speed at which the display bands are being moved by the stepping motors at the display unit 38.
  • the single shot mode of operation is achieved by the generation of single drive pulses, generated as character keys on the keyboard 10 are depressed.
  • the first and second displays of the apparatus according to FIG. 1 are each provided with a correction facility and if an error is seen on say the first display it may be corrected when the error is positioned at the correction point 8 on the band 2 either by modifying or deleting the characters that are in error one at a time as they appear at the correction point 8 or by inserting characters that have been omitted in front of the character which is positioned at the correction point 8.
  • These actions could of course be carried out independently at the two correction points 8 and 9.
  • the keyboard in conjunction with a band selector 44 (FIG. 2) is used to select the appropriate display i.e. either the first of second display.
  • the appropriate display i.e. either the first of second display.
  • the character in the intermediate store 14A is shifted out into the following store i.e. store 15, and a new character which is to take the place of the character at the correction point 8 is selected at the keyboard 10 and shifted via the selector 44 into the intermediate store 14A. Almost immediately after this action the contents of the store 14 are shifted, the character in error being deleted.
  • Deletion of characters may be accomplished by stepping the characters into an intermediate store and then resetting all levels of this store to zero from the keyboard 10 by applying a signal to the stores respectively, via the wires 45', 46 and 47', with no shift into the next store. Characters may be added at say the correction point 8 by inhibiting the shift of the store 14 while adding characters to the intermediate store 14A and stepping them into the following store i.e. the store 15. The stores 14 and 15 are inhibited by applying a signal thereto from the keyboard 10 respectively on the wires 61 and 62. The output punch 13 may also be controlled from the keyboard 10 via a signal on the wire 48.
  • the characters at the correction point 9 of the second display must be dealt with first, and while doing this the print band associated with the first display must be stopped. Having dealt with errors on the second display the characters in error on the first display may be corrected.
  • the apparatus may be reverted to normal operation using the first correction point as before.
  • a rub out key is provided at the keyboard 10 which may be used if an incorrect character were actually punched out. This would only be necessary in exceptional cases when it was clearly obvious which characters were in error. In order to effect this action it is necessary for the tape to be back-stepped in the punch and the characters in error overpunched with the "rub out symbol.
  • the rub out symbol is usually an all hole character and would not be recognized by for example the typesetting equipment. After rub out the corrected characters would be punched out.
  • the minimum number of display levels may be utilized depending on the complexity of the coded information being edited and the number of errors that are likely to occur. It will of course be appreciated that the minimum number of display levels is two since it is necessary to have at least one display level for effecting the correction of the errors in the coded information and another display level for checking this correction and effecting the provision of a corrected punched tape at the output of the apparatus.
  • An electrographic display apparatus for editing coded information including an input unit for assembling the coded information applied to said apparatus into function and character codes, a code translation system coupled to said input unit for causing characters representative of said character codes to be sequentially displayed in a manner determined by said function codes on N (greater than or equal to two) display record surfaces, means for correcting the coded information displayed on at least one of said N display record surfaces, and means responsive to said correcting means for providing at the output of said apparatus coded information representative of the characters as displayed on the N" display record surface, said code translation system including N line stores which are each associated with a separate one of said N display record surfaces and capable of storing a plurality of said codes, the output of said input unit being applied to one of said N line stores, the codes stored therein being passed therethrough and through each one of the other of said N line stores in turn, the code appearing at the input of each of said N line stores being sequentially applied to decoding means which generate on application of each code a discrete signal on either one of Y (number of characters the apparatus
  • N-level function control unit includes N shift control circuits the output of each'one of which is connected to a separate one of said N line stores and to its input via one level of an N-level character coincidence counter control unit while the input to said one shift control circuit is connected to one level of an N-level shift control unit and to said input unit, the input to each level of said N-level shift control unit being sequentially connected to the Z output wires of said decoding means, and a dot width reset unit, the input of which is sequentially connected to the output of each level of said N- level shift control unit while its output is sequentially connected to the input of each level of said N-level character form 3.
  • N-level function control unit when it is required to display the characters either above or below a predetermined datum said N-level function control unit also includes a recording head gating unit interposed between said selection matrix and said amplifying and modulating means and recording head function control means, the output of which is connected to said recording head gating units while the input thereof is sequentially connected to the outputs of said N-level shift control unit.
  • An electrographic display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein drive control means are provided for said N display record surfaces which are synchronized with said input unit for controlling the rate at which the characters representative of said character codes are to be displayed.
  • An electrographic display apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein said means for correcting the coded information displayed on at lease one of said N display record surfaces are provided by an intermediate line store interposed between any two of said N line stores, that one of said N line stores which proceeds said intermediate line store being associated with that one of said N display record surfaces on which the characters requiring correction are displayed, and another input unit the output of which is connected to said intermediate line store and to the shift control circuit associated with that one of said N line stores which proceeds said intermediate line store via one position of a two position switch, 4
  • An electrographic display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein when it is required to correct the coded information displayed on more than one of said N display record surfaces the intermediate line stores associated with these display record surfaces are connected to said another input unit via a selector switch.
  • said another input unit includes means for resetting any one or combination of said N line stores. means for inhibiting said N shift control circuits, and means for correcting the coded information produced at the output of said apparatus.
  • An electrographic display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein said another input unit includes means for operation in order to produce the desired function and character codes at the output thereof.
  • N-level character coincidence counter control unit includes at each level thereof a times Y counter the output of each of said counters being sequentially connected to the input of the appropriate one of the N shift control circuits via an N-level gate and staticizer unit, the inputs of which are also each connected to an output of a separate one of said N line stores.
  • An electrographic display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means for providing at the output of said apparatus coded information representative of the characters as displayed on the N" display record surface are provided by a punch unit which provides at the output thereofa tape having holes punched therein which are representative of the coded information, the output of that one of said N line stores associated with the N' display record surface being connected to the input of said punch unit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
US824641A 1968-06-12 1969-05-14 Electrographic display apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3602893A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB27907/68A GB1172207A (en) 1968-06-12 1968-06-12 An Electrographic Display Apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3602893A true US3602893A (en) 1971-08-31

Family

ID=10267225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US824641A Expired - Lifetime US3602893A (en) 1968-06-12 1969-05-14 Electrographic display apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3602893A (de)
CH (1) CH496286A (de)
DE (1) DE1929379A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2010728A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1172207A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3772655A (en) * 1972-02-28 1973-11-13 Ibm Method of obtaining correspondence between memory and output
US3838396A (en) * 1972-05-18 1974-09-24 Little Inc A Data processor (including editing and revision) with buffer memory
US3914745A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-10-21 Ibm System and method for aligning textual character fields
US4071910A (en) * 1974-10-21 1978-01-31 Digital Equipment Corporation Time-multiplexed output devices in video terminal systems
US4193112A (en) * 1976-01-22 1980-03-11 Racal-Milgo, Inc. Microcomputer data display communication system with a hardwire editing processor
US4408302A (en) * 1979-04-18 1983-10-04 Olympia Werke Ag Word processor with display device
US4467446A (en) * 1980-10-12 1984-08-21 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electronically operated machine for learning foreign language vocabulary

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3772655A (en) * 1972-02-28 1973-11-13 Ibm Method of obtaining correspondence between memory and output
US3838396A (en) * 1972-05-18 1974-09-24 Little Inc A Data processor (including editing and revision) with buffer memory
US3914745A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-10-21 Ibm System and method for aligning textual character fields
US4071910A (en) * 1974-10-21 1978-01-31 Digital Equipment Corporation Time-multiplexed output devices in video terminal systems
US4193112A (en) * 1976-01-22 1980-03-11 Racal-Milgo, Inc. Microcomputer data display communication system with a hardwire editing processor
US4408302A (en) * 1979-04-18 1983-10-04 Olympia Werke Ag Word processor with display device
US4467446A (en) * 1980-10-12 1984-08-21 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electronically operated machine for learning foreign language vocabulary

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1172207A (en) 1969-11-26
CH496286A (de) 1970-09-15
DE1929379A1 (de) 1969-12-18
FR2010728A1 (de) 1970-02-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2918865A (en) Chain printer timer
US3656148A (en) Data handling apparatus
US3248705A (en) Automatic editor
US2811102A (en) Random printing means
US2931022A (en) Spot sequential character generator
US3685039A (en) Video data display system
GB1130984A (en) Pattern generator
US3416442A (en) Selective hammer actuating means in chain printers
GB1245058A (en) Character display apparatus
US3833891A (en) High speed matrix printer
US3303775A (en) Variable speed printer apparatus and type carrier device therefor
US3674125A (en) Data system with printing, composing, communications, and magnetic card processing facilities
GB1296174A (de)
US4044475A (en) Training machine for keyboards
US3512137A (en) Correlated recording,reproducing,printing,and composing apparatus
GB985924A (en) Teaching device
US3602893A (en) Electrographic display apparatus
US3729714A (en) Proportional space character display including uniform character expansion
US3860793A (en) Apparatus for reproducing programmed selections of data recorded in coded form on magnetic cards
US3199446A (en) Overprinting apparatus for printing a character and an accent
US3085132A (en) Digital computer data read-out system
US3885663A (en) Control device for tabulation printing
US2964238A (en) Card readout system
US3622701A (en) Character generation system
US3816823A (en) Character display system with tabbing function

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: STC PLC,ENGLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORPORATION, A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004761/0721

Effective date: 19870423

Owner name: STC PLC, 10 MALTRAVERS STREET, LONDON, WC2R 3HA, E

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORPORATION, A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004761/0721

Effective date: 19870423