US3606785A - Apparatus and method for eliminating or reducing the internal flaws of semifinished products,especially at cast ingots,blocks,blooms,slabs,billets or the like - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for eliminating or reducing the internal flaws of semifinished products,especially at cast ingots,blocks,blooms,slabs,billets or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3606785A
US3606785A US751484A US3606785DA US3606785A US 3606785 A US3606785 A US 3606785A US 751484 A US751484 A US 751484A US 3606785D A US3606785D A US 3606785DA US 3606785 A US3606785 A US 3606785A
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United States
Prior art keywords
semifinished product
pressing force
slabs
semifinished
blocks
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US751484A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erik A Olsson
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ERIK OLSSON AG
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Olsson Ag Erik
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/02—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling heavy work, e.g. ingots, slabs, blooms, or billets, in which the cross-sectional form is unimportant ; Rolling combined with forging or pressing
    • B21B1/026—Rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/08—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process
    • B21B13/10—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process all axes being arranged in one plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49972—Method of mechanical manufacture with separating, localizing, or eliminating of as-cast defects from a metal casting [e.g., anti-pipe]
    • Y10T29/49973—Compressing ingot while still partially molten

Definitions

  • the invention discloses an apparatus and method for eliminating or at least reducing the internal flaws of semifinished products, especially at cast ingots, blocks, blooms, slabs, billets or the like.
  • the inventive method comprises the steps of exerting a pressing force at only portion of at least one side surface of the semifinished product, and compressing the inner portions of the semifinished product by means of said pressing force, so that the portions of the semifinished product which have not been subjected to the pressing force provide resistance against a change in shape of the semifinished product, and therefore, at least partially prevent an elongation of such semifinished product.
  • the inventive apparatus for the performance of the aforesaid method comprises means providing a pressing force-exerting edge which is smaller than the Width of the surface of the semifinished product.
  • the present invention relates to an improved apparatus for, and method of, eliminating or at least reducing the internal flaws or defects of semifinished products, especially at cast ingots, blocks, blooms, slabs, billets or the like.
  • the solidification faces or fronts can be approximately parallel at the top of the basin, and asymptotically approach the solidification center.
  • Another, more specific object of the present inveniion relates to an improved apparatus for, and method of, eliminating or at least reducing the internal flaws of semifinished products, especially at cast ingots, blocks, slabs, billets or the like.
  • Still a further significant object of the present invention is to carry out a pressing of the center of the ingot or strand which contains the flaws in such a way that the work employed for shaping or deforming does not primarily result in a stretching or widening of the material, rather causes a flow of material which is directed more toward the inside.
  • the inventive method is generally characterized by the features that the inner portions of the semifinished product are compressed by applying a pressure to only a portion of at least one side surface of the semifinished product, so that the portions of the semifinished product which are not subjected to such pressure provide a resistance against any change in shape and, therefore, at least partially prevent an elongation.
  • the inventive apparatus for carrying out the inventive method aforedescribed utilizes means providing a pressing or pressure edge, the width of which is smaller than the width of the surface of the semifinished product.
  • the pressing or pressure edge is provided by means of a roller having a bead defining such pressure edge, and the width of which head is smaller than the width of the surface of the semifinished product.
  • a number of rollers can be provided which at least partially enclose in form-locking fashion, the semifinished product.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a cast ingot
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the rolling operation for an ingot of the type shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates the rolling operation of FIG. 2, as viewed from the infeed side of the rolling mill;
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the inventive method
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken perpendicular to the illustration of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a second variant of of the invention
  • FIG. 7 schematically depicts a first embodiment of apparatus for carrying out the inventive method
  • FIG. 8 schematically depicts a second embodiment of apparatus for carrying out the inventive method
  • FIG. 9 illustrates in sectional view an ingot or block serving as the starting material and is helpful in explaining the difference between the previously conventional technique and the inventive method
  • FIG. 10 shows the final condition of an ingot processed according to the prior art or conventional technique
  • FIG. 10a is a sectional view taken perpendicular to the showing of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 11 shows the final condition of an ingot or block processed according to the teachings of the invention.
  • FIG. 11a is a sectional view taken substantially perpendicular to FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 1 there is depicted an ingot or block 1 having the blowholes 2 at its center.
  • this ingot 1 is guided between the schematically illustrated rollers 3 and 4 of a rolling mill, thus subjected to a lengthening or stretching, indicated by reference numeral 5, as Well as a widening or spreading, as indicated by reference numeral 6 (FIG. 3).
  • the fiow of material has been schematically represented by two auxiliary lines a and b.
  • the auxiliary line a Prior to engagement of the rollers 3 and 4, the auxiliary line a extends perpendicular to the cross-section of the ingot 1.
  • the portions of the ingot at the region of these rollers 3 and 4 and in contact with such rollers tends to rust or move ahead with respect to the central portionthis phenomenon has been conveniently designated as a leadingor moving-ahead motion.
  • the applied deforming work primarily results in a stretching or elongation of the material which, in the first instance, occurs at that portion of the cross-section which is in contact with the rollers 3 and 4, and at the region thereof.
  • the non-pressed portions of the material of the billet 1 or the like are enclosed in form-locking fashion in a form or mold 9 and pressed by means of a tool 10, so that a more pronounced compaction or compression of the inner portions of the crosssection of the material is achieved.
  • the inventive method can be carried out by means of a rolling operation.
  • both of the rollers 13 and 14 are provided with narrow beads .15 for pressing-in two oppositely situated portions of the sides of a billet 1 or the like.
  • the flanges or collars 16 of the rollers 13 and 14 limit the width, that is the material flow in the direction of the roller axes.
  • the two sides of the billet 1 which have not been pressed in and the corners of such billet prevent any appreciable lengthwise elongation, so that the flow of material is primarily directed inwardly or forced inwardly.
  • rollers 20 each having a press edge or bead 21, whereby the partial pressing of each of four sides of an ingot or block 1 or the like is possible. Whether it is desirable to press in one, two or a number of sides, depends primarily upon the configuration of the cross-section of the final product.
  • the rollers 20 can be either driven or the ingot or the like can be pushed through between nondriven rollers or pulled through. If desired, the tools can synchronously move along with or follow a continuously moving cast strand.
  • the ingot or the like can also be cast to possess partial bulges or protruding portions at one or a number of sides, which during pressing or rolling, while compacting the inner portions, can be pressed in.
  • These bulges should only be so large that the portions which are not deformed by the tools or by the rollers provide sufficient resistance against any elongation or against any rushing ahead of the material as previously explained.
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 illustrate the mode of operation of the inventive method in contrast to the previous prior art methods.
  • the billet 11 according to FIG. 9' After a conventional rolling operation, the billet 11 according to FIG. 9', after one pass, has become approximately one-third longer and possesses only approximately two-thirds of its original height mass (FIG.
  • the internal defects or flaws, such as the blowholes 2 of the thus processed billet 16 are indeed somewhat pressed together, but on the other hand, elongated in the lengthwise direction. Because of too high temperatures at the inside of the material or because of poor plasticity, transverse fissures or cracks 12 can appear in the billet 16 as shown in the illustration of FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 11 shows an ingot or block 17 after it has been treated or processed according to the inventive method.
  • this FIG. 11 shows a practically unchanged length for the in-got or block 17, because only a portion of its periphery has been pressed in.
  • the previously present internal defects or flaws have not been elongated in the lengthwise direction, rather the material flow which has been forced toward the inside has resulted in a pressing together of the material associated with a welding together of such material, and therefore, in a removal of the internal flaws.
  • the inventive method can, as already mentioned, be carried out with a number of different types of tools, or apparatuses, for instance, with press dies or tools, or profiled rollers, which stepwise or in one working operation carry out the pressing operation, and for which purpose so-called oscillating presses or hydraulic presses or roller mills of different constructions can be effectively employed.
  • the method can be considerably automated.
  • the ingots or the like in order to maintain the temperature suitable for the pressing and-welding together of the material, are removed at the proper time from the molds or forms, and placed beneath the press tool or between the rollers, whereby there can be used a table roller or roller bed.
  • the sequence of operation of the press tool or roller mill can, of course, occur completely automatically with the aid of conventional control devices, terminal switches, photoelectric cells or the like.
  • the pressing-in devices of the invention are used in conjunction with a continuous casting installation, then they are preferably mounted after the sprayingor cooling station. They can be of completely simple construction since no particular infeed and withdrawal devices are required. It is sufficient to use profiled rollers, press tools, hammers and so forth which, if desired, can be synchronously moved during the pressing-in operation together with the strand. The deformation of the strand necessary for the further processing can occur subsequently, before or after the cutting of the strand into the desired lengths. In so doing, however, the internal temperature of the strand should have dropped to a value suitable for a normal rolling operation.
  • the inventive method has been generally described in conjunction with a cast ingot or block.
  • cast pieces for instance cast billets, slabs, blooms, blanks, and so forth can be deformed or worked by means of the inventive technique or method.
  • the cast piece can be, in this case, an endless strand or a piece which has been 'cut from the strand with the help of suitable gas burners or cutters.
  • Method for eliminating or at least reducing the internal flaws of semifinished products comprising the step of exerting a pressing force at only a portion of at least one side surface of the semifinished product, and compressing by means of said pressing force the inner portions of the semifinished product at such time as such inner portions are at a temperature below the solidification temperature therefor, and said inner portions having substantially solidfied with the trapped gases already having escaped to form cavities and shrinkage having occured, and the walls of any existing cavities having not yet oxidized, so that the cavities are welded shut and the portions of the semifinished product which have not been subjectedto the pressing force provide resistance against a change in shape of the semifinished product, and therefore, at least partially prevent an elongation of such semifinished product.
  • Method as defined in claim 1 including the steps of retaining in substantially form-locking manner the partial surfaces of the semifinished product which have not been subjected to the pressing force.
  • Method for eliminating or at least reducing the internal flaws of semifinished products, especially for closing the cavities of continuously cast semifinished products comprising the steps of exerting a pressing force at only a portion of at least one side surface of the semifinished productin a direction towards said cavities at least at such time as the core portion of the continuously cast semifinished product is at a temperature below the solidification temperature therefor, and said core portions having substantially solidified with the trapped gases already having escaped to form cavities and shrinkage having occurred and such core portion is no longer molten, said pressing force being exerted during continuous casting of the semifinished product and at a location thereof where such semifinished product during the casting operation has just solidified.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US751484A 1967-08-12 1968-08-09 Apparatus and method for eliminating or reducing the internal flaws of semifinished products,especially at cast ingots,blocks,blooms,slabs,billets or the like Expired - Lifetime US3606785A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19671602127 DE1602127A1 (de) 1967-08-12 1967-08-12 Verfahren zur Beseitigung bzw. Verringerung von Innenfehlern bei Halbzeug,insbesondere bei gegossenen Bloecken,Brammen,Knueppeln u.dgl.

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US3606785A true US3606785A (en) 1971-09-21

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US751484A Expired - Lifetime US3606785A (en) 1967-08-12 1968-08-09 Apparatus and method for eliminating or reducing the internal flaws of semifinished products,especially at cast ingots,blocks,blooms,slabs,billets or the like

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3606785A (fr)
JP (1) JPS4841132B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH490912A (fr)
DE (1) DE1602127A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR1603608A (fr)
GB (1) GB1242446A (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3729973A (en) * 1971-04-02 1973-05-01 Morgan Construction Co Roll passes for rolling a bar of continuously cast non-ferrous metal and the method improving the metal structure
US3983734A (en) * 1974-05-21 1976-10-05 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshutte Mbh Method of and apparatus for shaping metal billets
US4307280A (en) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method for filling internal casting voids
US4344309A (en) * 1978-10-20 1982-08-17 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Process for preventing growth of fishtails during slabbing
US4422884A (en) * 1977-10-20 1983-12-27 Concast Ag Method of treating a continuously cast strand formed of stainless steel
US4603807A (en) * 1984-06-01 1986-08-05 Allied Tube & Conduit Corporation Mill for roll forming a fluted tube
US5997382A (en) * 1997-01-23 1999-12-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method of processing sealing surface of casting and grindstone suitable for use therein
US20050067135A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2005-03-31 Hans Streubel Method and casting machine for production of casting bars in the shape of billets or blocks

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2505691A1 (fr) * 1981-05-15 1982-11-19 Fives Cail Babcock Installation de coulee continue courbe
IT1208662B (it) * 1982-09-25 1989-07-10 Nippon Steel Corp Metodo ed apparecchiatura per migli orare la qualita' di una barra colata in maniera continua
FR2647377B1 (fr) * 1989-04-06 1993-04-30 Techmetal Promotion Procede et installation de coulee de produits metalliques minces a reduction d'epaisseur sous la lingotiere
CN115430704B (zh) * 2022-08-02 2025-12-05 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 铸坯人工缺陷制造方法、人工缺陷钢轨及缺陷分析方法

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3729973A (en) * 1971-04-02 1973-05-01 Morgan Construction Co Roll passes for rolling a bar of continuously cast non-ferrous metal and the method improving the metal structure
US3983734A (en) * 1974-05-21 1976-10-05 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshutte Mbh Method of and apparatus for shaping metal billets
US4422884A (en) * 1977-10-20 1983-12-27 Concast Ag Method of treating a continuously cast strand formed of stainless steel
US4344309A (en) * 1978-10-20 1982-08-17 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Process for preventing growth of fishtails during slabbing
US4307280A (en) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method for filling internal casting voids
US4603807A (en) * 1984-06-01 1986-08-05 Allied Tube & Conduit Corporation Mill for roll forming a fluted tube
US5997382A (en) * 1997-01-23 1999-12-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method of processing sealing surface of casting and grindstone suitable for use therein
US20050067135A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2005-03-31 Hans Streubel Method and casting machine for production of casting bars in the shape of billets or blocks

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Publication number Publication date
JPS4841132B1 (fr) 1973-12-05
DE1602127A1 (de) 1970-04-09
FR1603608A (fr) 1971-05-10
CH490912A (de) 1970-05-31
GB1242446A (en) 1971-08-11

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