Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
  • A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
  • A24B15/243—Nicotine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
  • A24B15/281—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed
  • A24B15/282—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed by indirect addition of the chemical substances, e.g. in the wrapper, in the case
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
  • A24B15/287—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by inorganic substances only
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
  • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers

Definitions

• a smoking composition of reduced toxicity is disclosed, said composition being composed of tobacco wrapped in paper, said composition containing substantially equal molar amounts of ammonium ion and sulfamate ion, the total amount of ammonium ion and sulfamate ion in said composition being from 0.1 percent to 1.0 percent by weight, the tobacco of said composition containing at least 75 percent and preferably substantially all of the ammonium ion, and the paper of said composition containing at least percent by weight of the sulfamate ion.
• a method for producing said composition involves adding ammonium sulfamate to the wrapper paper and, thereafter, placing the entire smoking composition composed of cured tobacco wrapped in said paper in a temperature and humidity zone having a relative humidity of between about 65 percent and percent and a temperature of between 60 F. and F. and allowing said tobacco composition to remain in said temperature and humidity zone for about 6 days and up to 14 days; thereby obtaining 75 percent or more migration of the ammonium ion of the ammonium sulfamate from the paper to the tobacco with at least 70 percent of the sulfamate ion of the ammonium 1 sulfamate remaining in the paper.
• the ammonium sulfamate is added to the paper in the form of a solution (e.g.
• the advantages obtained by the invention disclosed in the previously filed copending application are the result of adding ammonium sulfamate to tobacco compositions in a certain critical manner.
• the ammonium sulfamate is applied to cigarette paper by contacting the paper with the ammonium sulfamate and allowing the paper to contact the tobacco until the ammonium ion has migrated into the tobacco leaving only the sulfamate ion on the paper. It was discovered that only after a significant amount, at least 50 percent but preferably from 70 to percent, e.g. 75 percent, of the ammonium ion had migrated into the tobacco that the smoke produced from such tobacco showed a reduction in components which cause tumors on mice and other biological damage.
• the present invention is based upon the surprising discovery that the ammonium ion of ammonium sulfamate added to cigarette paper can be transferred to tobacco which is wrapped in said cigarette paper in a very short period of time (at the very least faster than the time needed from the production of a cigarette until it passes into the hands of the ultimate consumer). It is necessary that the ammonium ion has migrated into the tobacco from the paper in order to have a smoking composition which has a materially reduced amount of components in the smoke thereof which cause tumors on the skin of mice and other biological damage but the smoke does not have any different taste than ordinary tobacco smoke or difierent burning properties.
• the above advantages obtained by the method of this invention are the result of adding ammonium sulfamate to a smoking composition composed of tobacco wrapped in paper by contacting the paper (when the paper is either in contact with the tobacco or prior thereto) with ammonium sulfamate and preferably a solution of ammonium sulfamate (e.g. an aqueous solution).
• a temperature and humidity zone having a relative humidity of between 65 percent and 75 percent and a temperature of between 60 F. and 80 F.
• the tobacco composition is not removed from said temperature and humidity zone until at least 50 percent and preferably from 75 percent to percent of the ammonium ion has migrated from the paper to the tobacco. Depending upon the precise humidity and temperature conditions the time will vary from say 3 days to 2 weeks.
• the principal object of the present invention is to disclose and provide a method for making a smoking composition composed of tobacco wrapped in paper in a very short time, e.g. in 3 to 21 days, the smoke of said composition having a significantly reduced amount of components which cause tumors on the skin of mice and destroy sebaceous glands on the skin of mice.
• Another object of the present invention is to disclose and embody a method for treating a cigarette with ammonium sulfamate under controlled conditions such that 50 percent of the ammonium ion of the ammonium sulfamate migrates from the cigarette paper to the tobacco in as little as, e.g. 3 days.
• Still another object of the invention is to disclose and provide a cigarette made of cured tobacco wrapped in paper, said cigarette containing substantially equal molar amounts of ammonium ion and sulfamate ion, the total amount of ammonium ion and sulfamate ion in said cigarette being from 0.1 percent to 1.0 percent by weight, the tobacco of said cigarette containing at least 75 percent and preferably substantially all of the ammonium ion and the paper of said cigarette containing at least 70 percent by weight and preferably substantially all of the sulfamate ion.
• Still another and further object is to provide a novel method for producing novel smoking compositions and cigarettes by applying an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfamate to the paper of such smoking compositions and cigarettes by contacting the paper with a solution containing ammonium sulfamate (either while the paper is wrapped around the tobacco or, preferably, prior thereto) and placing the thus obtained smoking compositions or cigarettes in a temperature and humidity zone having a relative humidity of between 65 percent and 75 percent and a temperature of between about 60 F. and 80 F. and allowing said tobacco compositions or cigarettes to remain in said temperature and humidity zone until at least 75 percent of the ammonium ion of the ammonium sulfamate has migrated from the paper to the tobacco.
• the smoking compositions of this invention are produced by adding a certain amount of ammonium sulfamate to the paper of said compositions in a certain manner and allowing the ammonium ion to migrate from the paper to the tobacco while the smoking compositions are subjected to certain temperature and humidity limitations.
• the amount of ammonium sulfamate added to the smoking composition is from 0.1 percent to 1.0 percent by weight and the preferred range of ammonium sulfamate is 0.2 percent to 0.8 percent.
• the ammonium sulfamate volatilizes and escapes to the surrounding air thereby preventing migration of 75 percent of the ammonium ion from the paper into the tobacco. Ifthe temperature and/or humidity are lower than the ranges set forth above, the migration of the ammonium ion from the paper into the tobacco is slowed considerably. For example, when a cigarette containing about 0.5 percent of ammonium sulfamate (based on the entire weight of the cigarette) is placed in a zone having 60 percent relative humidity and a temperature of 70 F., percent migration is not achieved until after about 42 days.
• Ammonium sulfamate can be added to the cigarette paper in any convenient manner; however, it is preferred to add the ammonium sulfamate to the cigarette paper when the ammonium sulfamate is dissolved in an aqueous solution. This is because water does not affect the color of the cigarette paper.
• the ammonium sulfamate can be added by passing the cigarettes through a cylinder of suitable size and diameter which is filled with an absorbent material such as a sponge, the cylinder having an aperture or bore which forms a passage completely through the cylinder as well as the spongelike material through which the tobacco composition may be inserted without rupturing or tearing the paper.
• an absorbent material such as a sponge
• the paper thereon absorbs the ammonium sulfamate solution contained in the spongelike material.
• a passageway or bore in the cylinder and absorbent material will have a diameter on the order of eleven thirty-seconds of an inch.
• the speed at which the cigarette is passed through the bore or aperture depends upon the particular concentration which is desired on the cigarette paper and also the concentration of the solution in the sorbent material.
• the cigarette can either be pushed manually through the device or in the alternative, can be pushed mechanically through the device at a predetermined speed as shown, e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 239,780. No matter how the ammonium sulfamate is applied to the cigarette paper, the paper should not be adversely affected.
• ammonium sulfamate is added in the manner indicated above some of the sulfamate ion will get into the tobacco via this route because the tobacco absorbs a certain amount of the solution. Depending upon the specific conditions, anywhere from 10 percent to 15 percent or as much as 30 percent of the sulfamate ion will be found in the tobacco when the ammonium sulfamate solution is added by passing the cigarette through a hole in a sponge containing a solution of ammonium sulfamate.
• the smoking properties of the resulting composition i.e., paper wrapped around tobacco, is not affected adversely, and, the smoke produced from such a composition is less toxic than smoke produced from a corresponding untreated cigarette.
• ammonium sulfamate When adding the ammonium sulfamate to the paper prior to the paper being wrapped around the tobacco, it can be done in the same way, and at the same time, indeed in the same aqueous medium, as other soluble components are added to cigarette paper for controlling burning characteristics and color of the ash of cigarette paper.
• a water solution containing between 5 percent and 25 percent, by weight, (depending on the proportion of solution retained by the paper after passing through pressure rollers) of ammonium sulfamate is prepared by dissolving the ammonium sulfamate in the requisite amount of water. Thereafter, a strip of commercial cigarette paper is passed through the aqueous solution (which may also contain other normal cigarette paper additives) and the excess solution is squeezed out by pressure rollers.
• king size cigarettes (about 85 mm.) are made from the cigarette paper, the cigarettes containing approximately 4 to 6 milligrams of ammonium sulfamate per cigarette. Since the cigarettes weigh about 1.2 grams, this amounts to between about 0.3 to 0.5 percent of ammonium sulfamate per cigarette.
• Cigarettes made in such a manner were placed in a sealed chamber maintained at a relative humidity of about 70 percent and a temperature of about 70 F. Prior to placing the cigarette in the chamber, 100 percent of the ammonium ion and sulfamate ion was in the cigarette paper and no ammonium ion or sulfamate ion in the tobacco. The cigarettes remained in the chamber for 4 days and, at the end of 4 days, some of the cigarettes were removed and tested for ammonium and sulfamate ion. It was found that at the end of 4 days, 58 percent of the ammonium ion of the ammonium sulfamate had migrated to the tobacco.
• Cigarettes made in the same manner were placed in a sealed chamber maintained at a relative humidity of 60 percent and a temperature of 70 F. Prior to placing the cigarettes in the chamber, it was found that the paper of the cigarettes had approximately 100 percent of the ammonium ion and sulfamate ion. There was no ammonium or sulfamate ion in the tobacco. At the end of 3 days, it was found that 21 percent of the ammonium ion had migrated to the tobacco and at the end of 9 days it was found that only 34 percent of the ammonium ion had migrated to the tobacco. Only at the end of 14 days was 50 percent of the ammonium ion in the tobacco. At the end of about weeks, it was found that only about 80 percent of the ammonium ion had migrated to the tobacco, substantially all of the sulfamate ion remaining in the paper.
• Cigarettes containing 4 to 6 milligrams per cigarette were made as indicated above. Two separate groups, one group containing about 75 percent of the ammonium ion in the tobacco and the other group containing less than 50 percent of the ammonium ion in the tobacco, were prepared.
• a third group of cigarettes were also made which were identical to the cigarettes above except that they had not been treated with ammonium sulfamate. All of the cigarettes, i.e. all the cigarettes of each group, were smoked in a manifold-type smoking machine, one 2-second puff per minute, with the suction pressure equal to that which delivers a 17.5 ml./sec. in sample cigarettes of the respective groups.
• the smoke was condensed in 2-liter collection flasks and immersed in a dry ice-methanol mixture. The condensate was removed from the flask with acetone. The acetone suspension was concentrated in a flash evaporator until all the acetone was driven off.
• the tars were then applied to female ICR Swiss mice which were 60 to 70 days old.
• the mice were divided into three groups, in each group, and the mice in each group were shaved and painted 2 times daily, 5 days a week, for approximately one year with a solution of tar. About once a month the tar was replaced by a fresh batch which was obtained in ex actly the same manner as the original tar.
• mice which had been painted with the tars produced from the untreated or control cigarettes had the same number of tumors as the mice painted with tars produced from cigarettes containing ammonium sulfamate in which less than 50 percent of the ammonium ion had migrated to the tobacco.
• the mice painted with tars produced from the cigarettes which had ammonium sulfamate added thereto and in which over 75 percent of the ammonium ion had migrated to the tobacco had a 45 percent reduction of tumors as compared with the two other groups.
• mice painted with tars produced from cigarettes of this invention 75 percent of the ammonium ion is in the tobacco
• mice painted with tars from the untreated cigarettes had 65 percent of the glands remaining
• mice painted with tars from the untreated cigarettes had approximately only 40 percent of the glands remaining.
• a method for rapidly producing smoking composition of 5 reduced toxicity of cured tobacco wrapped in paper which comprises adding from about 0.1 percent to 1.0 percent by weight, based on the combined weight of the paper and tobacco, of ammonium sulfamate to said paper and placing the tobacco and the wrapped paper containing said ammonium sulfamate in a temperature and humidity zone having a relative humidity of between about 65 percent and 75 percent and a temperature of between about 60 F. and 80 F. and removing the resulting tobacco composition after at least about 3 days and when 50 percent of ammonium ion of the ammonium sulfamate has migrated from the paper to the tobacco.
• a method according to claim 3 wherein the solution containing ammonium sulfamate is an aqueous solution.
• a method according to claim 2 wherein the amount of ammonium sulfamate added to the paper is from 0.2 percent to 0.8 percent, by weight, based on the combined weight of the paper and tobacco.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=21796508

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (8)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (1)

• 1970
  • 1970-03-16 US US20057A patent/US3631865A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1971
  • 1971-03-02 CA CA106674A patent/CA933060A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-03-15 DE DE19712112270 patent/DE2112270A1/de active Pending
  • 1971-03-16 IT IT49102/71A patent/IT1040520B/it active
  • 1971-03-16 FR FR7109207A patent/FR2084714A5/fr not_active Expired
  • 1971-04-19 GB GB24144/71A patent/GB1273944A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (1)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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