US3640751A - Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image - Google Patents

Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image Download PDF

Info

Publication number: US3640751A
Authority: US; United States
Prior art keywords: resin; toner; volume percent; hydrocarbon; carbon black
Prior art date: 1967-11-06
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired - Lifetime

Application number

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Kazuhiko Kasuya

Wasaburo Ohta

Zenjiro Okuno

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Ricoh Co Ltd

Original Assignee

Ricoh Co Ltd

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1967-11-06

Filing date

1968-10-31

Publication date

1972-02-08

1968-10-31 Application filed by Ricoh Co Ltd filed Critical Ricoh Co Ltd

1972-02-08 Application granted granted Critical

1972-02-08 Publication of US3640751A publication Critical patent/US3640751A/en

1989-02-08 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 20
150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 claims description 23
YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 18
239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 15
239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 abstract description 17
239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 8
125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 7
229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
150000005827 chlorofluoro hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 2
238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
-1 aromatic ingredients Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
UGCSPKPEHQEOSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl UGCSPKPEHQEOSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SFDNLIOWUYDTEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SFDNLIOWUYDTEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-N-[8-[[8-(4-aminoanilino)-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]amino]-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]-8-N,10-diphenylphenazin-10-ium-2,8-diamine hydroxy-oxido-dioxochromium Chemical compound O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.Nc1ccc(Nc2ccc3nc4ccc(Nc5ccc6nc7ccc(Nc8ccc9nc%10ccc(Nc%11ccccc%11)cc%10[n+](-c%10ccccc%10)c9c8)cc7[n+](-c7ccccc7)c6c5)cc4[n+](-c4ccccc4)c3c2)cc1 FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
CNPVJWYWYZMPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyldecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)C CNPVJWYWYZMPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
101100264195 Caenorhabditis elegans app-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
101100238304 Mus musculus Morc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
STRKJLJVMMYLOD-UHFFFAOYSA-L S(=O)(C1=CC=C(N)C2=CC=CC=C12)(=O)[O-].[Mn+2].S(=O)(C1=CC=C(N)C2=CC=CC=C12)(=O)[O-] Chemical compound S(=O)(C1=CC=C(N)C2=CC=CC=C12)(=O)[O-].[Mn+2].S(=O)(C1=CC=C(N)C2=CC=CC=C12)(=O)[O-] STRKJLJVMMYLOD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
YMWGIFNWVJNYCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C YMWGIFNWVJNYCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1

Images

Classifications

- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/12—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures
- G03G9/13—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures characterised by polymer components
- G03G9/132—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures characterised by polymer components obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G13/06—Developing
- G03G13/10—Developing using a liquid developer, e.g. liquid suspension
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/12—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/12—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures
- G03G9/125—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures characterised by the liquid
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/12—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures
- G03G9/13—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures characterised by polymer components
- G03G9/131—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures characterised by polymer components obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]

Definitions

Said W 501mm comprises a Ionetconsisfing of [58] FieldofSearch....- .,....@117/37 LE,93.4-A;355/10; y P e Particles and at least one resin selected from the v 252/621 group consisting of alkyd resin, phenol-resin and vinyl resin,
the carri- 56 R f was C-ted er liquid comprises a mixture of two dispersion media having 1 2 er I different affinities to said resin.
Dispersion media having a UNlTED STATES PATENTS larger affinity to the resin include halogenated hydrocarbons,
aromatic hydrocarbons and petroleum hydrocarbons contain- 3,507,679 4/1970 Metcalfe 61'. 81. ..11 7/37 ing aromatic i g i i p i media having a Smaller 3,058,914 10/1962 Metcalfe et a1.
...117/37 X ffi to the resin include iSoparaf-finic and mm 3,220,830 Ill 1965 Kashrwabara...
the polarity of a toner having certain ingredients is adapted to be controlled by varying either the mixing proportion of the dispersion media constituting the carrier liquid, or the temperature of said carrier liquid.
electrostatic image which may appear in the following description is defined as an electrostatically charged latent image on an electrostatic charge-substrate like an electrophotographic copying sheet or an electrostatic recording sheet, which may be convertible to a visible image by proper development. 7
Liquid-developing methods known in the art are the socalled positive-to-positive developing method in which a charged latent image on a copying sheet or a recording sheet is developed in a developer containing a dispersed toner which is charged in the opposite polarity to the latent image, and the so-called negative-to-positive developing method in which an electrostatically negatively charged latent image on a copying sheet or a recording sheet is developed in a developer solution in which is dispersed a toner having the same polarity with the latent image area.
a condensed toner in which at least one kind of alkyd resin, phenol resin and vinyl resin is applied to the pigment particles for controlling the polarity thereof, and
the carrier liquid which is a mixture of dispersion media having a peculiar affinity to the aforementioned resins, so that the electric charge of the toner can be desirably controlled by varying the mixing ratio of the dispersion media or the temperature of the carrier liquid. Furthermore, the electric charge of the toner can be varied in either way even if the carrier liquid contains only one dispersion medium by changing the temperature of the carrier liquid.
Curve 1 in the FIGURE indicates the relationship between the thickness of the adsorption layer and the electric potential (M) of resins in general, while curve 2 shows the same relationship for special resins that will create variations depending upon the kind of polarity-controlagents used.
Our experiments proved thatthe toner in which the carbon black is coated with the alkyd resins shows changes as shown in curve 2 and that the toner in which carbon black is coated with asphalt or rosin varies like curve 1.
Some of possible dispersion media having a large affinity to the alkyd resin, phenol resin or vinyl resin are partially or entirely halogenated hydrocarbons such as C C1 (C CI F) CI-IC1F CCl F-CC1F or aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, benzene, petroleum hydrocarbon including aromatic ingredients, for example, Naphtha No. 6, Solvesso 100, Solvesso 150 (all are products of Esso Standard Oil Co.) and ligroin.
the dispersion media having smaller affinity to the aforesaid resins include, for example, such isoparaffinic hydrocarbons as lsopar G, lsopar H (products of Esso Standard Oil Co.), Super-VM&P Naphtha (product of Shell Oil Co.) and paraffinic hydrocarbon such as normal paraffin like n-hexane.
chlorofluoro-hydrocarbon such as Daiflon S-l (CCl F), Daiflon S-3 (CCl F-CClF Daiflon S-2 (CCl F)
lsopar G is a petroleum hydrocarbon containing 99 volume percent of isoparaffinic hydrocarbon.
lsopar H is a petroleum hydrocarbon containing 99 volume percent of isoparafiinic hydrocarbon.
Solvesso 100 is a petroleum hydrocarbon containing 98 volume percent of aromatic hydrocarbon.
Solvesso is a petroleum hydrocarbon containing 97.3
Naphtha No. 6 is a petroleum hydrocarbon containing 25 volume percent of aromatic hydrocarbon and 70 volume percent of paraffinic hydrocarbon.
Super Naphtha is a petroleum hydrocarbon containing 15 volume percent of aromatic hydrocarbon and 80 volume percent of paraffinic hydrocarbon.
the degree of affinity may be varied even in the aforementioned groups of dispersion media having greater or smaller affinities.
the polarity control of the toner is possible by a combination of Daiflon S-2 and Daiflon 5-3 in the group of chlorofluoro-hydrocarbons and by subsequent variation of their composition ratio or temperature. Therefore, in the present invention, the degree of affinity is referred to only in a relative sense.
Solvesso-1 o (petroleum hydrodo 60% or more"-.. 50% or less.
the alkyd resins which may be used in the process of the present invention include Super Becksol J-l 350, 1-1351 and J- 571 which are long oil alkyd resins modified with soya-bcan oil, Super Becksol 1-537 which is a long oil alkyd resin modified with sunflower oil (the products of Dainippon Ink and Chemical Incorporated).
the phenol resins are Nikanol HP-lOO (manufactured by Japan Gas-Chemical Co., Inc.), Tamanol 520 (manufactured by Arakawa Forest Chemical Industries Ltd. Japan), PP-8l0 (Gun-ei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
the pigment particles which may be used in the process of this invention include such well-known pigments as carbon black, aniline black and spirit black.
the object of the present invention to provide a method for developing a positive or negative electrostatic latent image on a copying sheet or a recording sheet into a desired corresponding visible image, which may be either positive or negative, using a developer solution prepared by dispersing the aforesaid concentrated toner into a carrier liquid consisting at least one dispersion medium having a different affinity to alkyd resin, said method comprising controlling the charge of said toner by varying the mixing proportion of said dispersion media or by changing the temperature of said carrier liquid.
the method of this invention has an advantage that either a positive or negative image as desired may be formed on the copying paper or recording paper from the same original if such concentrated toner and at least one of the dispersion media are prepared.
FIGURE shows the relationship between the thickness of the absorption layer (consisting of a part of a resin as a polarity-control agent and two kinds of dispersion media) with which pigment particles are covered and the electric potential (g) of toner consisting of the resin and pigment.
a concentrated toner was prepared by adding to grams of the pigment particles (Mogul A, carbon black manufac- I tured by Cabot of the USA.) 20 grams of alkyd resin (a long oil alkyd resin manufactured by Dainippon Inc. and Chemical Incorporated under trade name of Super Becksol Jl35l and grams of toluene and ball-milling the mixture for more than 10 hours.
alkyd resin a long oil alkyd resin manufactured by Dainippon Inc. and Chemical Incorporated under trade name of Super Becksol Jl35l and grams of toluene and ball-milling the mixture for more than 10 hours.
Carrier liquid consisting of a mixture of dispersion media composed of equal parts of Daiflon S (CCl F-Ccl F) and Daiflon S (CCl F)
Carrier liquid consisting of a mixture of dispersion media composed of one part of Daiflon S and 2.33 parts of Daiflon S solution (c) the sign of the charge did not change to positive even when the solution was heated to 40 C.
EXAMPLE 3 A concentrated toner was prepared by mixing 5 grams of phenol resin (manufactured by Japan Gas-Chemical Co., inc. and commercially available under the trade name Nikanol HP-lOO") and 50 grams of toluene with 5 grams of the pigment particles (United HAF," carbon black, manufactured by United Carbon of USA.) and ball-milling the mixture thus obtained for over hours. When 1.2 grams of the prepared concentrated toner was dispersed in 100 ml.
Nikanol HP-lOO is an alkyl phenol modified xylene resin which is a light yellow solid, having a color value of less than 8 and a viscosity (cp.) of 200-400.
EXAMPLE 4 Percentages of Solvesso 100 to the total volume (percent) Percentage at Percentage at Quantity of phenol which toner is which toner is resin (wt. percent to negatively positively pigment particles) charged. charged.
EXAMPLE 5 A concentrated toner was prepared by mixing 5 grams of the pigment particles (Mitsubishi No. 44," carbon black manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei) with 10 grams of 50 percent toluene solution of lauryl methacrylate dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate resin (at the polymerization molar ration of 90 to 10), 1 gram of manganese naphthionate (containing 10 percent Mn) and 34 grams of lsopar H and ball-milling the mixture thus formed. 0.5 gram of concentrated toner was then dispersed in 100 ml. of lsopar H, thereby obtaining a developer solution. This developer showed a positive charge at normal temperature but the charge was negative when the solution was heated to 60 C. and thereafter suddenly cooled down to 10 C.

Landscapes

Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Liquid Developers In Electrophotography (AREA)

US3640751D 1967-11-06 1968-10-31 Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image Expired - Lifetime US3640751A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
JP7099167		1967-11-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
US3640751A true US3640751A (en)	1972-02-08

Family

ID=13447502

Family Applications (2)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
US3640751D Expired - Lifetime US3640751A (en)	1967-11-06	1968-10-31	Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image
US3770485D Expired - Lifetime US3770485A (en)	1967-11-06	1971-09-20	Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
US3770485D Expired - Lifetime US3770485A (en)	1967-11-06	1971-09-20	Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
US (2)	US3640751A (2)
BE (1)	BE723435A (2)
DE (1)	DE1807330B2 (2)
FR (1)	FR1590854A (2)
GB (2)	GB1255018A (2)
NL (1)	NL6815797A (2)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3770485A (en) *	1967-11-06	1973-11-06	Ricoh Kk	Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image
US3860552A (en) *	1973-09-12	1975-01-14	Pitney Bowes Inc	Copolymer compositions and method of preparation
US3870644A (en) *	1969-02-10	1975-03-11	Ricoh Kk	Liquid developer for plural-color electrophotography
US3939085A (en) *	1971-06-21	1976-02-17	Savin Business Machines Corporation	Process for forming a liquid developer organisol
US4157973A (en) *	1974-05-15	1979-06-12	Pitney-Bowes, Inc.	Copolymer compositions and method of preparation
US4285801A (en) *	1979-09-20	1981-08-25	Xerox Corporation	Electrophoretic display composition
US4663264A (en) *	1986-04-28	1987-05-05	E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company	Liquid electrostatic developers containing aromatic hydrocarbons
EP0247248A1 (en) *	1986-05-29	1987-12-02	Agfa-Gevaert N.V.	A process for image production containing the heat-and-pressure fixing of a still wet or moist toner image
US5652282A (en) *	1995-09-29	1997-07-29	Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company	Liquid inks using a gel organosol
US6255363B1 (en)	1995-09-29	2001-07-03	3M Innovative Properties Company	Liquid inks using a gel organosol

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
IL112731A0 (en) *	1995-02-21	1995-05-26	Indigo Nv	Imaging apparatus with temperature control

Citations (9)

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US3058914A (en) *	1957-10-01	1962-10-16	Commw Of Australia	Non-inflammable liquid developers for electrostatic images
US3220830A (en) *	1961-10-02	1965-11-30	Kenffel & Esser Company	Method of developing a negative electrostatic latent image
US3251687A (en) *	1961-07-10	1966-05-17	Itek Corp	Electrostatic printing process
US3296140A (en) *	1964-02-13	1967-01-03	Dick Co Ab	Liquid developer for electrographic printing
US3356498A (en) *	1964-11-09	1967-12-05	Dow Chemical Co	Electrophotographic method comprising rinsing the imaged plate
US3357828A (en) *	1964-11-09	1967-12-12	Dow Chemical Co	Electrophotographic rinse and method
US3438004A (en) *	1965-09-01	1969-04-08	Commissariat Energie Atomique	Time selectors,analysers or recorders,for electrical pulses which may follow one another at very short intervals
US3444083A (en) *	1966-09-19	1969-05-13	Australia Res Lab	Electrophotographic toners
US3507679A (en) *	1964-03-23	1970-04-21	Commw Of Australia	Controlled polarity liquid developer

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US3438904A (en) *	1966-01-10	1969-04-15	Scm Corp	Liquid toner
US3640751A (en) *	1967-11-06	1972-02-08	Ricoh Kk	Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image

1968
- 1968-10-31 US US3640751D patent/US3640751A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-11-06 BE BE723435D patent/BE723435A/xx unknown
- 1968-11-06 GB GB5265068A patent/GB1255018A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-11-06 FR FR1590854D patent/FR1590854A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-11-06 DE DE19681807330 patent/DE1807330B2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1968-11-06 GB GB1951771A patent/GB1256049A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-11-06 NL NL6815797A patent/NL6815797A/xx unknown
1971
- 1971-09-20 US US3770485D patent/US3770485A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (9)

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Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3058914A (en) *	1957-10-01	1962-10-16	Commw Of Australia	Non-inflammable liquid developers for electrostatic images
US3251687A (en) *	1961-07-10	1966-05-17	Itek Corp	Electrostatic printing process
US3220830A (en) *	1961-10-02	1965-11-30	Kenffel & Esser Company	Method of developing a negative electrostatic latent image
US3296140A (en) *	1964-02-13	1967-01-03	Dick Co Ab	Liquid developer for electrographic printing
US3507679A (en) *	1964-03-23	1970-04-21	Commw Of Australia	Controlled polarity liquid developer
US3356498A (en) *	1964-11-09	1967-12-05	Dow Chemical Co	Electrophotographic method comprising rinsing the imaged plate
US3357828A (en) *	1964-11-09	1967-12-12	Dow Chemical Co	Electrophotographic rinse and method
US3438004A (en) *	1965-09-01	1969-04-08	Commissariat Energie Atomique	Time selectors,analysers or recorders,for electrical pulses which may follow one another at very short intervals
US3444083A (en) *	1966-09-19	1969-05-13	Australia Res Lab	Electrophotographic toners

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3770485A (en) *	1967-11-06	1973-11-06	Ricoh Kk	Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image
US3870644A (en) *	1969-02-10	1975-03-11	Ricoh Kk	Liquid developer for plural-color electrophotography
US3939085A (en) *	1971-06-21	1976-02-17	Savin Business Machines Corporation	Process for forming a liquid developer organisol
US3860552A (en) *	1973-09-12	1975-01-14	Pitney Bowes Inc	Copolymer compositions and method of preparation
US4157973A (en) *	1974-05-15	1979-06-12	Pitney-Bowes, Inc.	Copolymer compositions and method of preparation
US4285801A (en) *	1979-09-20	1981-08-25	Xerox Corporation	Electrophoretic display composition
US4663264A (en) *	1986-04-28	1987-05-05	E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company	Liquid electrostatic developers containing aromatic hydrocarbons
EP0247248A1 (en) *	1986-05-29	1987-12-02	Agfa-Gevaert N.V.	A process for image production containing the heat-and-pressure fixing of a still wet or moist toner image
US5652282A (en) *	1995-09-29	1997-07-29	Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company	Liquid inks using a gel organosol
US5698616A (en) *	1995-09-29	1997-12-16	Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company	Liquid inks using a gel organosol
US6255363B1 (en)	1995-09-29	2001-07-03	3M Innovative Properties Company	Liquid inks using a gel organosol

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
GB1256049A (en)	1971-12-08
NL6815797A (2)	1969-05-08
FR1590854A (2)	1970-04-20
DE1807330B2 (de)	1972-02-10
US3770485A (en)	1973-11-06
DE1807330A1 (de)	1969-08-21
GB1255018A (en)	1971-11-24
BE723435A (2)	1969-04-16

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US3668127A (en)	1972-06-06	Liquid developer for electrophotography
US3640751A (en)	1972-02-08	Method for liquid-developing an electrostatic image
US3623986A (en)	1971-11-30	Liquid developer for use in electrophotography
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US4014856A (en)	1977-03-29	Liquid electrophotographic developers
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US3657130A (en)	1972-04-18	Liquid developer for electrophotography
US3915874A (en)	1975-10-28	Liquid developer for use in electrophotographic transfer process
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US4609603A (en)	1986-09-02	Process for achieving consistent high quality images with magnetic developer composition
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JPH01150158A (ja)	1989-06-13	高転写効率を有する液体現像剤組成物の調製方法
US3244633A (en)	1966-04-05	Liquid developers for developing electrostatic images
US3850830A (en)	1974-11-26	Liquid developer containing extender body particles
US3251688A (en)	1966-05-17	Liquid transfer development
US4695524A (en)	1987-09-22	Process for ultra high quality images with magnetic developer composition
US4874683A (en)	1989-10-17	Liquid developer for electrophotography
US3971659A (en)	1976-07-27	Color electrophotographic process using photoconductive particles in liquid developer
US3960737A (en)	1976-06-01	Negatively charged liquid developer for use in electrostatic photography