US3642A - pateht - Google Patents

Description

. drawing, which forms a `JACOB JENKs, `oliROSoon, iLLnvois.

Specification,of` `Letters.Patent No. 3,642, dated June 24, 184:4.

4T 0 all fwome't mayconcern: i

Be it lmownthat 1I), JACOB JENxs, of Ros-yI coe, in the county of Winnebago and State' `of Illinois, have inventeda new" and use` ful Improvement Cutting Stone; and (I.

. do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionl thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying fication, in whichpart of this speci a,` vertical longitudinal sectionyFig. 3, aj cross vertical section; Fig. 4, cutterhead detached; Fig. 5, clutch detached; Fig. 6j

rotary bed for circular work.` e

The nature of my invention consists 1n a cutting tool that extends across the stone,

said tool hf ving a* row of picks `on its front edge and just behind them a broad (chisel, the tool is vibrated, and, by its weight and `momentum cuts the `stone which passes under it on a carriage; side cutters of a similar construction areattachedfand vibrate horizontally Ato `cut the sides of the stone; several important parts and modifications will be hereafter described.

In the construction of this machine, two

' sills (a) are placed side by side, a suiiicient distance apart to `form ways for the stone carriage to run on. They are connected by proper `cross ties, and are longenough to allowthe carriageabove named a sufficient motion to and fro thereon.

Two uprightposts are framed, at

their lower ends into the sills (a). These are sustained iirmly in their position by di agonal braces extending from the sills to the posts on one side; a cross `cap unites the chlnery; just in front of the posts (b) are cross pieces (c) halved into the sills at right angles to them. The upper portion of said pieces betweenfthe sills is cut out down to a level with the sills for the carriage to pass `on ways (e) that are fastened to the sills (64); the carriage moves back and forth similarto that of a saw-mill by means of a l posts at top and supports `a post of t-he marag wheel (f) and hand (g) the hand being worked by the motive b b b b power and operating like common saw mills, or thecarriage may be `moved with a screw as will be readily seenby competent mechanists.

Between theside posts (b) there is a gate (72,) or frame, which the Acutter is suspended in that can be raised or lowered Aby means of a screw (i) that extends down through.

the cap of the `posts andthrough the upper Il cross bar of the g'ate in which there is a di- Figure l, is an isometrical view; Fig. 2,

vided nut `of common construction that will pinch or release the screw as required; the upper end of the screw rises sutiiciently above thecap to havea ratchet pinion on it. b The horizontal cutter head or cutting tool (Z) (see Figs. 2, 4,) is a segment of a hollow cylinder, the two arms by which it is suspended only extending to the center and expanding at the periphery as broad i as the segment. Onto each edge of the cut`-` ter head there is a row of picks(m) attached o (in any convenient way for replacing) which extends across the whole width of the machine. Just behind the picks, there is a broad chisel (n) that is as broad on the edge, as the width of the stone to be cut.

This can be made in sections if desired. a

This cutter-head is raised and swings down against the stone, the picks striking first and chipping oft' the rough stone, and the chisels after, smoothing the facein the most perfect manner. Motion is communicated to this cutter-head by means of a connect-ing rod (o) that runs up through the cap, on

which the fulcrum posts (p) of a horizontal lever are fastened; the rod (0) runs up also through this lever and it is connected with, and detached from the rod (o) by means of a clutch (1) hereafter described, or the cutter may be moved by any convenient (connection, with the motive power manyof which could easily be devised by a competent Vmechanic. The lever (g) Vis moved by the bent lever (g) with which it is connected, by rod (s), and which is itself directly connected withthe motive power. The cutters act on the stone somewhat simi-` lar to an adze on wood. vThey can be raised or lowered for any thickness of stone by means of the screw (2). It will be obvious that the picks or chisels can either be used separate or together as the nature of the stone and work to be done requires. Side cutter heads (t) can be employed which vibrate horizontally the cutters standing vertical at right angles to the one first deicc scribed; in other respects they are like it, (one of these is reinoved in the drawings).y They are forced back by the cani (t) and thrown forward by a spring (u). The inotion of the carriage and stone is proportioned to that of the cutter according to the qualityl of the work to be done and the texture of the stone.

The clutch T above named, consists of two part-s (fu) shown iii plan and section in detached Fig'. 5 the two side pieces are niade vwith a recess at their center where they clutch together; one of these pieces is held in a level position and rises and falls regularly with the lever (q) by being suspended thereto by rods (q) the otherV (e) has a catch (fw) extending down through a hole inv its end which when the end is raised catches it and holds it up; in the recesses above named atthe inner ends of the clutches there is a square piece (v2) in each that fill said recesses a seinicircular channel being cut down through each through which the rod that works the cutter head passes; when the end '(v) of the clutch is down the clutch slides up and down on the rod without lifting it but if the said end be raised and held up by the catch it will seize the rod and draw it up till the catch is tripped which is effected at any height by striking an adjustable bar that inay be held to any height above the cap `by rod (az) (see Fig. 3); in the downward descent of the lever (q) the clutch strikes a stationary catch (W) see also n ig. 2, which raises it up to the notch. in the catch to the point where it is again ready to draw up the rod; by repeating this operation thercutter head raises and falls; in the operation of drilling; a drill rod is substituted for that of the cutter head, and the stone to be drilled being brought under it the operation will be readily understood.

When the end of the stone is to be cut it is brought to a proper position to be acted on by the cutter head (Z) that as it acts thereon is inade to descend by ineans of the screw'that suspends the gate to which it is hung this screw is turned by nieans of a rack (e) that` is connected with a stud (e) projecting froin the lever' (q) which acts on the ratchet pinion (7c) before described; when the cuter is run down the divided nut is opened andthe gate drawn back by a Vhand lever (1,) situated on the cap and cc-nnected with the gate by a rod (12).

When the cutter head is put into operation on the upper surface of a stone it is raised up so that the cutters shall be about level with the axle or fulcruin by which it is suspended it is then inade to descend (either by its own weight; or the additional force of a spring which it strikes in ascending) and strikes the stone and cuts to a line under the axis7 beyond which 'it is not allowed to pass being arrested by a stop it is thus made to hew oft the surface by striking the stone on a line with the surface or a very little inclined thereto instead of striking down onto the surface nearly at right angles thereto as is the usual practice; the stone is thus cut, with a precision and certainty never before e'tfectedythe feeding of the stone'on the carriage is regulated according to the speed with which the cutters art and the powerV of the blow can be regulated by ineansof the springs to suit the kind of stone lto be cut, by cutting across the whole width of the stone, a steadiness, andforceis attained, to overcoineevery obsta-cle occasioned by spots of unequal hardness. y

For cutting circular stones such as grindstones &c. we have a revolving bed on which it is placed to present Vto the cutters; the ap-l paratus'for effecting this is similar to that for arooressin the carriage a )awl or hand t: D k3 3 working into a rack around the periphery of t-he revolving bed. The side cutters can be placed at any angle to the top cutter in niy first inacliine, and can be so fornied as to cut surfaces other than plane if desired. It will be obvious that this niachine can be adapted tov inaiiy kinds of work by slight alterations of parts, but these Ideein all substantially the saine as that described for plain work, if the cutters are inade and operate on the saine principle as niine. The stone is to be fastened in any known way by which it can y be secured to the carriage iirnily. Any nuniber of cut-ter heads niay be put into one inachine one operating after another when required.

Having thus fully described niy inachine what l claini therein as iny invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is y y l. The cutter head constructed and arranged as herein described having cliisels and picks attached thereto enough to extend across. frein one side of the stone to the above specified.

JACUB JENKS, Witnesses 5 J. J. GREENOUGH, LAFAYETTE CALDWELL,

Images