US3643658A - Implants of titanium or a titanium alloy for the surgical treatment of bones - Google Patents

Implants of titanium or a titanium alloy for the surgical treatment of bones Download PDF

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Publication number
US3643658A
US3643658A US869428A US3643658DA US3643658A US 3643658 A US3643658 A US 3643658A US 869428 A US869428 A US 869428A US 3643658D A US3643658D A US 3643658DA US 3643658 A US3643658 A US 3643658A
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United States
Prior art keywords
titanium
implant
implants
bones
surgical treatment
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Expired - Lifetime
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US869428A
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English (en)
Inventor
Samuel Steinemenan
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Institut Straumann AG
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Institut Straumann AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/907—Composed of particular material or coated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an implant of titanium or an alloy based on titanium for the surgical treatment of bones.
  • An alloy based on titanium is understood to be an alloy which has either a titanium content of more than 50 percent or in which at least the alloying component of the largest percentage is titanium.
  • Such implants are already known per se and in use.
  • Inter alia bone plates and screws are manufactured from technically pure titanium and titanium alloys.
  • the bone fragments are subjected to pressure when set by means of implant plates and screws and these elements are strongly dimensioned, so that the fracture does not have to be immobilized for long.
  • specially shaped longitudinal slots may be provided in the plates for tensioning.
  • an implant of titanium or an alloy based on titanium for the surgical treatment of bones comprising a surface layer from the group which includes an oxide, nitride, carbide and carbonitrite.
  • the layer is applied to the implant by anodic treatment.
  • the layer may be formed at an elevated temperature either by reaction with gases or in a salt bath.
  • the implant surface to which the layer is applied may be polished or matt and the layer when formed may, advantageously be colored by interference.
  • the invention provides for an implant to be coated with a surface layer thereby ensuring that the surface coated implant possesses a greater resistance to abrasion than an implant LII without a surface layer.
  • This feature of the novel implant is particularly important for those implants of titanium or titanium alloy which rub against implants which likewise consist of this metal as is the case when a screw is inserted in a compression plate.
  • the surface coating especially when its thickness is greater than about 0.1 um, prevents the emergence of abrasion and also of mutual fretting because the oxides, nitrides, carbides and carbonitrides have great hardness.
  • the thickness of the surface layer of the novel implant may be chosen such that interference colors appear, the thickness for the first series of the colors gold, purple and blue being up to about 0.08 pm and repeating in a second series up to about 0.l5 pm. In this case, it is possible to obtain a very exact control over the corrosion behavior in the tissues since corrosive attacks can be particularly well observed in such a layer. even if only traces are concerned.
  • the implant it is possible to coat the implant with a layer which has a color similar to that of the tissues, such a colored implant. which frequently lies closely under the skin and may glisten through it, will no longer appear offensive, in contrast to the previously used implants having a silver or nickel color. which because of their color are often so easily visible, that they disturb the wearer.
  • implants without a layer often show spots, which occur when the implant is handled, and which are yet intensified on sterilizing so that frequently such implants have the appearance as if the surface treatment had not been carried out properly.
  • a ductile plate implant for the external fixation of bones having means to facilitate the fastening of said plate to the bone and being formed of titanium or an alloy based on titanium for use in the surgical treatment of bones, comprising a surface layer formed on the implant from one of the group consisting of an oxide, nitride, carbide and carbonitride.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Electrochemical Coating By Surface Reaction (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
US869428A 1968-09-03 1969-08-27 Implants of titanium or a titanium alloy for the surgical treatment of bones Expired - Lifetime US3643658A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1321768A CH497891A (de) 1968-09-03 1968-09-03 Für die operative Knochenbehandlung dienendes Implantat aus Titan oder einer Legierung auf Titanbasis

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3643658A true US3643658A (en) 1972-02-22

Family

ID=4390442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US869428A Expired - Lifetime US3643658A (en) 1968-09-03 1969-08-27 Implants of titanium or a titanium alloy for the surgical treatment of bones

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3643658A (de)
JP (1) JPS4924429B1 (de)
BE (1) BE738346A (de)
CH (1) CH497891A (de)
DE (1) DE6933926U (de)
FR (1) FR2017247A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1267551A (de)

Cited By (84)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3786806A (en) * 1972-11-22 1974-01-22 A Johnson Thermoconstrictive surgical appliance
US3811425A (en) * 1970-08-03 1974-05-21 G Widdifield Method and apparatus for mounting hair
WO1980000533A1 (en) * 1978-09-04 1980-04-03 Schwarzkopf Dev Co Medullary nail and process for the production thereof
US4261063A (en) * 1978-06-29 1981-04-14 Ceraver Titanium or titanium alloy pin to be fixed in long bones
US4336617A (en) * 1980-01-21 1982-06-29 Shin-Etsu Chemical Company Limited Prosthetic substituted member for living body and a method for the surgical treatment by use thereof
US4405319A (en) * 1980-04-08 1983-09-20 Renal Systems, Inc. Porous titanium coating for blood access device
US4417888A (en) * 1982-03-15 1983-11-29 Renal Systems, Inc. Percutaneous implant
US4547910A (en) * 1981-05-18 1985-10-22 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Low friction bearing surfaces and structures particularly for artificial prosthetic joints
US4687487A (en) * 1978-07-21 1987-08-18 Association Suisse Pour La Recherches Horlogere Joint implant
US4746532A (en) * 1985-08-08 1988-05-24 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Method for the production of endosseous implants
US4790851A (en) * 1986-03-12 1988-12-13 France Implant Method for manufacturing surgical implants at least partially coated with a layer of a metal compound, and implants manufactured according to said method
US4818559A (en) * 1985-08-08 1989-04-04 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Method for producing endosseous implants
DE9002676U1 (de) * 1990-03-07 1991-07-11 Thull, Roger, Prof. Dr.-Ing., 8700 Würzburg Enossales Zahnimplantat
US5037438A (en) * 1989-07-25 1991-08-06 Richards Medical Company Zirconium oxide coated prosthesis for wear and corrosion resistance
US5080671A (en) * 1987-11-25 1992-01-14 Uri Oron Method of treating a metal prosthetic device prior to surgical implantation to enhance bone growth relative thereto following implantation
US5152794A (en) * 1989-07-25 1992-10-06 Smith & Nephew Richards Inc. Zirconium oxide and nitride coated prothesis for reduced microfretting
US5180394A (en) * 1989-07-25 1993-01-19 Davidson James A Zirconium oxide and nitride coated prosthesis for wear and corrosion resistance
US5192323A (en) * 1990-11-05 1993-03-09 Zimmer, Inc. Method of surface hardening orthopedic implant devices
US5211663A (en) * 1991-06-24 1993-05-18 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Passivation methods for metallic medical implants
US5258022A (en) * 1989-07-25 1993-11-02 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and nitride coated cardiovascular implants
US5282850A (en) * 1989-07-25 1994-02-01 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Artificial heart components with wear resistant coatings of reduced thrombogenicity
US5320686A (en) * 1990-03-21 1994-06-14 Tisurf International Ab Method of producing integral, hard nitride layer on titanium/titanium alloy
US5326362A (en) * 1990-11-05 1994-07-05 Zimmer, Inc. Method of surface hardening orthopedic implant devices
US5326376A (en) * 1993-08-23 1994-07-05 Zimmer, Inc. Femoral stem prosthesis
US5370694A (en) * 1989-07-25 1994-12-06 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and nitride coated endoprostheses for tissue protection
US5372660A (en) * 1993-08-26 1994-12-13 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Surface and near surface hardened medical implants
US5415704A (en) * 1992-02-07 1995-05-16 Smith & Nephew Richards Inc. Surface hardened biocompatible metallic medical implants
US5496359A (en) * 1989-07-25 1996-03-05 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and zirconium nitride coated biocompatible leads
US5509933A (en) * 1989-12-21 1996-04-23 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Medical implants of hot worked, high strength, biocompatible, low modulus titanium alloys
US5562730A (en) * 1989-12-21 1996-10-08 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Total artificial heart device of enhanced hemocompatibility
US5571191A (en) * 1995-03-16 1996-11-05 Fitz; William R. Artificial facet joint
US5573401A (en) * 1989-12-21 1996-11-12 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Biocompatible, low modulus dental devices
US5588443A (en) * 1989-07-25 1996-12-31 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and zirconium nitride coated guide wires
US5593452A (en) * 1994-02-01 1997-01-14 Howmedica Inc. Coated femoral stem prosthesis
US5628790A (en) * 1989-07-25 1997-05-13 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Zirconium oxide zirconium nitride coated valvular annuloplasty rings
US5674280A (en) * 1989-12-21 1997-10-07 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Valvular annuloplasty rings of a biocompatible low elastic modulus titanium-niobium-zirconium alloy
US5683442A (en) * 1989-12-21 1997-11-04 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Cardiovascular implants of enhanced biocompatibility
US5702448A (en) * 1990-09-17 1997-12-30 Buechel; Frederick F. Prosthesis with biologically inert wear resistant surface
US5811194A (en) * 1991-11-27 1998-09-22 Electro Chemical Engineering Gmbh Method of producing oxide ceramic layers on barrier layer-forming metals and articles produced by the method
US5814048A (en) * 1996-05-03 1998-09-29 Sofamor Danek Properties, Inc. Cranioplasty plates and method of installation
US5820707A (en) * 1995-03-17 1998-10-13 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Composite article, alloy and method
US5868879A (en) * 1994-03-17 1999-02-09 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Composite article, alloy and method
US5954724A (en) * 1997-03-27 1999-09-21 Davidson; James A. Titanium molybdenum hafnium alloys for medical implants and devices
US6110204A (en) * 1995-02-22 2000-08-29 Huber & Schussler Implant
US6113636A (en) * 1997-11-20 2000-09-05 St. Jude Medical, Inc. Medical article with adhered antimicrobial metal
EP1228775A3 (de) * 2001-02-03 2003-02-05 Stryker Trauma GmbH Osteosynthesehilfsmittel aus einer Stahl-, Cobalt- und/oder Titanlegierung
US20040101807A1 (en) * 2002-11-13 2004-05-27 Porter Stephan S. Dental implant system
US20050010298A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2005-01-13 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Cervical interspinous process distraction implant and method of implantation
US20050123745A1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2005-06-09 Takehiro Takahashi Titanium material having coating layer at its surface laminated glass including the same and process for producing them
US20050143738A1 (en) * 1997-01-02 2005-06-30 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Laterally insertable interspinous process implant
US20050240182A1 (en) * 1997-01-02 2005-10-27 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Supplemental spine fixation device and method
US20050245929A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-03 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. System and method for an interspinous process implant as a supplement to a spine stabilization implant
US20060036258A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2006-02-16 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Sizing distractor and method for implanting an interspinous implant between adjacent spinous processes
US20060064166A1 (en) * 2004-09-23 2006-03-23 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Interspinous process implant including a binder and method of implantation
US20060089718A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2006-04-27 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Interspinous process implant and method of implantation
US20060106391A1 (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Huebner Randall J Wire systems for fixing bones
US20060149373A1 (en) * 2004-12-13 2006-07-06 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Inter-cervical facet implant and method
US20060149239A1 (en) * 2004-12-13 2006-07-06 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Inter-cervical facet implant with locking screw and method
US20060265067A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2006-11-23 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Interspinous process implant with slide-in distraction piece and method of implantation
US20060271194A1 (en) * 2005-03-22 2006-11-30 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Interspinous process implant having deployable wing as an adjunct to spinal fusion and method of implantation
US20070093830A1 (en) * 2002-10-29 2007-04-26 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Interspinous process apparatus and method with a selectably expandable spacer
US20070202361A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2007-08-30 Frauchiger Vinzenz M Interference generating, colored coating for surgical implants and instruments
US20070276500A1 (en) * 2004-09-23 2007-11-29 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Interspinous process implant including a binder, binder aligner and method of implantation
US7338529B1 (en) 2004-03-30 2008-03-04 Biomet Manufacturing Corp. Methods and apparatuses for enhancing prosthetic implant durability
US20080312748A1 (en) * 2007-06-18 2008-12-18 Zimmer, Inc. Process for forming a ceramic layer
US20080317812A1 (en) * 2007-06-19 2008-12-25 Zimmer, Inc. Spacer with a coating thereon for use with an implant device
US20090098310A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Zimmer, Inc. Method for bonding a tantalum structure to a cobalt-alloy substrate
US20090187256A1 (en) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-23 Zimmer, Inc. Method for forming an integral porous region in a cast implant
US20090198286A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2009-08-06 Zimmer, Inc. Bone fracture fixation system
US20090248080A1 (en) * 2008-03-26 2009-10-01 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Alignment marking for spinal rods
US7749252B2 (en) 2005-03-21 2010-07-06 Kyphon Sarl Interspinous process implant having deployable wing and method of implantation
US7833246B2 (en) 2002-10-29 2010-11-16 Kyphon SÀRL Interspinous process and sacrum implant and method
US7862613B1 (en) 2010-04-07 2011-01-04 James Costabile Device and method for attaching hair
US7959652B2 (en) 2005-04-18 2011-06-14 Kyphon Sarl Interspinous process implant having deployable wings and method of implantation
US20110230973A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2011-09-22 Zimmer, Inc. Method for bonding a tantalum structure to a cobalt-alloy substrate
US8425530B2 (en) 2004-12-13 2013-04-23 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Apparatus for sizing a facet joint
US8753367B1 (en) 2012-12-21 2014-06-17 James Costabile Device and method for attaching hair
US20150142124A1 (en) * 2012-05-11 2015-05-21 Waldemar Link Gmbh & Co. Kg Reinforcing implant for an elongated bone, in particular femur
US9561120B2 (en) 2013-02-11 2017-02-07 Admedes Inc. Intravascular functional element and method of manufacture
US9668893B2 (en) 2013-02-11 2017-06-06 Admedes Inc. Intravascular functional element and system for such a functional element
US9782260B1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2017-10-10 Lucas Anissian Materials and methods for prevention of cold welding, corrosion and tissue overgrowth between medical implant components
US9925024B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2018-03-27 Biomet 3I, Llc Dental implant and abutment tools
EP2866706B1 (de) 2012-06-27 2018-09-19 Synthes GmbH Winkelverstellbare knochenfixationsvorrichtung
US12318299B2 (en) 2020-02-19 2025-06-03 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Coated implant and method of making the same

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR2282852A1 (fr) * 1973-11-19 1976-03-26 Masnou Jacques Prothese medicale a hautes caracteristiques
FR2510395B2 (fr) * 1978-06-29 1987-05-29 Ceraver Tige en titane ou alliage de titane pour fixation sans ciment dans un os long pour prothese
DE3274519D1 (en) * 1981-07-30 1987-01-15 Ceraver Prosthetic stem composed of titanium or its alloys for the cementless fixation in a long bone
DE3328905A1 (de) * 1983-08-10 1985-02-28 Char'kovskij instrumental'nyj zavod, Char'kov Zahnprothese und verfahren fuer ihre herstellung
DE3442004C1 (de) * 1984-11-16 1986-04-24 Otte, Heinz, Dr.med., 8712 Volkach Knochenfixiervorrichtung zur Frakturbehandlung
FR2735696A1 (fr) * 1995-06-21 1996-12-27 Ormco Corp Appareils orthodontiques revetus d'oxyde ayant un coefficient de frottement reduit

Citations (9)

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US2838430A (en) * 1953-10-07 1958-06-10 Ford Motor Co Method of producing an anti-galling surface upon a titanium article
US3268372A (en) * 1962-09-12 1966-08-23 Lucas Industries Ltd Surface hardening of titanium
US3338805A (en) * 1964-07-28 1967-08-29 Theodore M Pochily Process for anodizing titanium surfaces
US3346469A (en) * 1964-07-02 1967-10-10 Hamburg Flugzeugbau G M B H Method of selectively coloring titanium bodies
US3408236A (en) * 1964-07-16 1968-10-29 Hoover Ball & Bearing Co Wear-resistant titanium alloy and method of producing same
US3409469A (en) * 1964-03-05 1968-11-05 United Aircraft Corp Vapor coating conductive filaments utilizing uniform temperature
US3442720A (en) * 1965-10-23 1969-05-06 United Aircraft Corp Method of forming ti-modified silicide coatings on cb-base substrates and resulting articles
US3466669A (en) * 1966-09-20 1969-09-16 Univ Iowa Intramedullary finger joint prosthesis
US3508954A (en) * 1967-10-05 1970-04-28 Texaco Inc Silicon carbide structures

Patent Citations (9)

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US2838430A (en) * 1953-10-07 1958-06-10 Ford Motor Co Method of producing an anti-galling surface upon a titanium article
US3268372A (en) * 1962-09-12 1966-08-23 Lucas Industries Ltd Surface hardening of titanium
US3409469A (en) * 1964-03-05 1968-11-05 United Aircraft Corp Vapor coating conductive filaments utilizing uniform temperature
US3346469A (en) * 1964-07-02 1967-10-10 Hamburg Flugzeugbau G M B H Method of selectively coloring titanium bodies
US3408236A (en) * 1964-07-16 1968-10-29 Hoover Ball & Bearing Co Wear-resistant titanium alloy and method of producing same
US3338805A (en) * 1964-07-28 1967-08-29 Theodore M Pochily Process for anodizing titanium surfaces
US3442720A (en) * 1965-10-23 1969-05-06 United Aircraft Corp Method of forming ti-modified silicide coatings on cb-base substrates and resulting articles
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Cited By (147)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3811425A (en) * 1970-08-03 1974-05-21 G Widdifield Method and apparatus for mounting hair
US3786806A (en) * 1972-11-22 1974-01-22 A Johnson Thermoconstrictive surgical appliance
US4261063A (en) * 1978-06-29 1981-04-14 Ceraver Titanium or titanium alloy pin to be fixed in long bones
US4687487A (en) * 1978-07-21 1987-08-18 Association Suisse Pour La Recherches Horlogere Joint implant
US4446857A (en) * 1978-09-04 1984-05-08 Schwarzkopf Development Corporation Medullary nail and process for the production thereof
WO1980000533A1 (en) * 1978-09-04 1980-04-03 Schwarzkopf Dev Co Medullary nail and process for the production thereof
US4336617A (en) * 1980-01-21 1982-06-29 Shin-Etsu Chemical Company Limited Prosthetic substituted member for living body and a method for the surgical treatment by use thereof
US4405319A (en) * 1980-04-08 1983-09-20 Renal Systems, Inc. Porous titanium coating for blood access device
US4547910A (en) * 1981-05-18 1985-10-22 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Low friction bearing surfaces and structures particularly for artificial prosthetic joints
US4417888A (en) * 1982-03-15 1983-11-29 Renal Systems, Inc. Percutaneous implant
US4746532A (en) * 1985-08-08 1988-05-24 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Method for the production of endosseous implants
US4818559A (en) * 1985-08-08 1989-04-04 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Method for producing endosseous implants
US4790851A (en) * 1986-03-12 1988-12-13 France Implant Method for manufacturing surgical implants at least partially coated with a layer of a metal compound, and implants manufactured according to said method
US5080671A (en) * 1987-11-25 1992-01-14 Uri Oron Method of treating a metal prosthetic device prior to surgical implantation to enhance bone growth relative thereto following implantation
US5282850A (en) * 1989-07-25 1994-02-01 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Artificial heart components with wear resistant coatings of reduced thrombogenicity
US5496359A (en) * 1989-07-25 1996-03-05 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and zirconium nitride coated biocompatible leads
US5649951A (en) * 1989-07-25 1997-07-22 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and zirconium nitride coated stents
US5152794A (en) * 1989-07-25 1992-10-06 Smith & Nephew Richards Inc. Zirconium oxide and nitride coated prothesis for reduced microfretting
US5180394A (en) * 1989-07-25 1993-01-19 Davidson James A Zirconium oxide and nitride coated prosthesis for wear and corrosion resistance
US5647858A (en) * 1989-07-25 1997-07-15 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Zirconium oxide and zirconium nitride coated catheters
US5632779A (en) * 1989-07-25 1997-05-27 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Zirconium oxide and zirconium nitride coated vascular grafts
US5258022A (en) * 1989-07-25 1993-11-02 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and nitride coated cardiovascular implants
US5037438A (en) * 1989-07-25 1991-08-06 Richards Medical Company Zirconium oxide coated prosthesis for wear and corrosion resistance
US5628790A (en) * 1989-07-25 1997-05-13 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Zirconium oxide zirconium nitride coated valvular annuloplasty rings
US5611347A (en) * 1989-07-25 1997-03-18 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Zirconium oxide and zirconium nitride coated percutaneous devices
US5588443A (en) * 1989-07-25 1996-12-31 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and zirconium nitride coated guide wires
US5370694A (en) * 1989-07-25 1994-12-06 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Zirconium oxide and nitride coated endoprostheses for tissue protection
US5676632A (en) * 1989-12-21 1997-10-14 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Ventricular assist devices of enhanced hemocompatibility
US5716400A (en) * 1989-12-21 1998-02-10 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Cardiovascular implants of enhanced biocompatibility
US5674280A (en) * 1989-12-21 1997-10-07 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Valvular annuloplasty rings of a biocompatible low elastic modulus titanium-niobium-zirconium alloy
US5713947A (en) * 1989-12-21 1998-02-03 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Cardiovascular implants of enhanced biocompatibility
US5690670A (en) * 1989-12-21 1997-11-25 Davidson; James A. Stents of enhanced biocompatibility and hemocompatibility
US5509933A (en) * 1989-12-21 1996-04-23 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Medical implants of hot worked, high strength, biocompatible, low modulus titanium alloys
US5562730A (en) * 1989-12-21 1996-10-08 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Total artificial heart device of enhanced hemocompatibility
US5685306A (en) * 1989-12-21 1997-11-11 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Flexible, biocompatible, metal alloy catheter
US5573401A (en) * 1989-12-21 1996-11-12 Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. Biocompatible, low modulus dental devices
US5782910A (en) * 1989-12-21 1998-07-21 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Cardiovascular implants of enhanced biocompatibility
US5683442A (en) * 1989-12-21 1997-11-04 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Cardiovascular implants of enhanced biocompatibility
DE9002676U1 (de) * 1990-03-07 1991-07-11 Thull, Roger, Prof. Dr.-Ing., 8700 Würzburg Enossales Zahnimplantat
EP0445667A3 (en) * 1990-03-07 1992-03-04 Thull, Roger, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Endosseous dental implant
US5320686A (en) * 1990-03-21 1994-06-14 Tisurf International Ab Method of producing integral, hard nitride layer on titanium/titanium alloy
US5427631A (en) * 1990-03-21 1995-06-27 Ytbolaget I Uppsala Aktiebolag Prosthetic articles made of surface conversion nitrided titanium or titanium alloys
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CH497891A (de) 1970-10-31
JPS4924429B1 (de) 1974-06-22
GB1267551A (en) 1972-03-22
BE738346A (de) 1970-02-16
DE6933926U (de) 1970-01-02
FR2017247A1 (de) 1970-05-22

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