Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
  • C07C43/02—Ethers
  • C07C43/257—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings
  • C07C43/29—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings containing halogen
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  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
  • C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
  • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
  • C10M2211/024—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aromatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
  • C10M2211/042—Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
  • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2219/086—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing sulfur atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/32—Light or X-ray resistance
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
  • C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
  • C10N2040/17—Electric or magnetic purposes for electric contacts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/50—Medical uses
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
  • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy

Definitions

• ABSTRACT Functional fluid compositions particularly useful as hydraulic fluids comprising as base stocks dihalogenated diphenyl ethers or sulfides and as blending agents halogenated lower alkylbenzenes, monohalogenated diphenyl ethers, halogenated benzenes and chlorinated biphenyls or combinations thereof.
• This invention relates to novel functional fluid compositions comprising as base stocks dihalogenated diphenyl ethers or sulfides and as blending agents therewith halogenated lower alkylbenzenes, monohalogenated diphenyl ethers, halogenated benzenes or chlorinated biphenyls or combinations thereof.
• halogen or halogenated or the like is used herein, only bromine and chlorine are contemplated.
• the hydraulic power systems of aircraft for operating various mechanisms of an airplane impose stringent requirements on the hydraulic fluid used. Not only must the hydraulic fluid for aircraft meet stringentfunctional and use requirements but in addition such fluid should be as highly nonflammable as possible and must be sufficiently nonflammable to satisfy aircraft requirements for fire resistance.
• the viscosity characteristics of the fluid must be such that it may be used over a wide temperature range; that is, adequately high viscosity at high temperature, low viscosity at low temperature and a low rate of change of viscosity with temperature. Such temperature range is generally from 40 to 250 F. Its pour point should be low.
• the SST flight control system will be more difficult to design than that of any current commercial aircraft since it must have excellent flight control characteristics both at subsonic and supersonic speeds. It is estimated that the SST, a Mach 3 aircraft, will spend approximately half its time at the climb, hold, and approach conditions. Further, if past and current trends are any indication, it can be assumed that the SST hydraulic functions will be somewhat more numerous than those of current commercial jets. Indications are that the commercial SST will have about 1,000 hydraulic horsepower. This extended horsepower demand, needed to drive accessories, landing gear, and the control system, of itself will impose severe reliability considerations on the hydraulic fluid. Coupled to the factor of component numbers versus reliability is the factor of higher temperatures to which the system will be subjected.
• the principal problem facing a fluid supplier therefore, is that of developing an SST fluid having temperature compatibility to approximately 400 to 500 F. combined with fire resistance.
• an SST hydraulic fluid must still have the properties mentioned above, including good viscosity characteristics (over a quite extended temperature range), a low freezing point, low volatility, sufficient lubricity, no toxicity and compatibility with various metals, packings and gaskets.
• Molten aluminum test Does not ignite without spark.
• High pressure spray test Does not flash up to 5 feet from orifice.
• compositions of this invention comprise a base stock (A) above in a major amount and minor amounts of certain blending agents (B).
• blending agents (B)l When only one blending agent (B)l, is employed, its concentration is in the range of from about 10 to about 50 parts, by weight, per 100 parts, by weight of base stock (A).
• the amount of blending agent (B)l is in the range of from about to about 35 parts, by weight, per 100 parts of base stock (A).
• the total amount of all blending agents, (3) above can exceed the amount of base stock (A) by as much as a 2 to l weight ratio.
• blending agent (B)ll per 100 parts, by weight, of base stock (A).
• amount, by weight, of any single blending agent (B)I (l)-(4) above will not exceed the amount of base stock (A) in the composition.
• dihalogenated diphenyl ethers suitable for use as base stocks in the fluid compositions of this invention are those represented by the structure where A is oxygen or sulfur and X and Y are bromine or chlorine.
• Typical examples of such ethers and sulfides are 1. different halogen on each ring:
• chlorodiphenyl sulfide 2. same halogen on each ring: 2,2'-dibromodiphenyl ether, 2,2'-dibromodiphenyl sulfide, 2,3 '-dibromodiphenyl ether, 2,3 -dibromodiphenyl sulfide, 2,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether, 2,4-dibromodiphenyl sulfide,
• the ethers are generally preferred over the sulfides because their lower melting points make them usable in a wider number of applications and of the ethers, those in which the halogen substituents are in the 3,4'-relationship are preferred for use in the compositions of this invention, because their low melting points are the lowest of all the base stocks of the instant invention.
• the blending agents which can be used to provide the novel compositions of this invention include the halogenated lower alkyl (C,.,) benzenes containing one to five halogens, such as 4-bromomethylbenzene, 2-bromoethylbenzene, 4-bromopropylbenzene, 4-chlorobutylbenzene, 2,4-dichloromethylbenzene, 2,3-dibromoethylbenzene, 2,4-dibromoethylbenzene, 2,4-dichloroethylbenzene, 2-bromo-4-chloroethylbenzene, 2,5dibromoethylbenzene, benzene, 3,S-dibromopropylbenzene, 2,4-dichlorobutylbenzene, and the like.
• halogenated lower alkyl (C,.,) benzenes containing one to five halogens such as
• halogenated alkyl benzenes are triand tetrachloroethylbenzene, triand tetrabromoethylbenzene, pentachloromethylbenzene, pentachloroethylbenzene, pentabromoethylbenzene, pentabromopropylbenzene, pentachlorobutylbenzene and the like.
• the halogenated benzenes which can be used as blending agents include chloroand bromobenzenes.
• the preferred chlorobenzenes are di-, triand tetrachlorobenzene and mixtures thereof.
• the preferred bromobenzenes are mono-, di-, and tribromobenzene and more particularly mdibromobenzene.
• halogenated benzenes useful as blending agents are o-dichlorobenzene, mdichlorobenzene, 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4- trichlorobenzene, 1,2,3 ,S-tetrachlorobenzene, odibromobenzene and 1,2,4-tribromobenzene.
• halogenated alkyl benzenes such as the mixture of brominated ethyl benzenes disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,257,903, which contain an average of two atoms of bromine per mol of ethyl benzene.
• the mixture of Example 1 of U.S. Pat. No. 2,257,903 is particularly preferred for use in the fluids of this invention because of its low crystallizing point.
• blending agents include the monohalogenated diphenyl ethers such as 2-chlorodiphenyl ether, 3- ether, 4-chlorodiphenyl ether, 3- bromodiphenyl ether and the like and chlorinated diphenyl which is illustrated by the chlorinated biphenyl commercially available as products containing about 21%, 32%, 42%, 48%, 54% and 60% of combined chlorine corresponding approximately to mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, pentaand hexachlorobiphenyl, respectively.
• monohalogenated diphenyl ethers such as 2-chlorodiphenyl ether, 3- ether, 4-chlorodiphenyl ether, 3- bromodiphenyl ether and the like
• chlorinated diphenyl which is illustrated by the chlorinated biphenyl commercially available as products containing about 21%, 32%, 42%, 48%, 54% and 60% of combined chlorine corresponding approximately to mono-, di-, tri-, t
• chlorinated biphenyl containing a stated percentage of combined chlorine is used herein as not only including these directly chlorinated products, but also as blends of one or more chlorinated biphenyl whereby the total chlorine content is broadly within the range of 20 to 60 percent, preferably within the range of 20 to 42 percent by weight, It is also preferred, in order to obtain fluids having low crystallizing points, to use chlorinated biphenyl which has been isomerized and preferably distilled thereafter according to the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 3,068,297.
• 3,4-dibromoethyl- EXAMPLE 1 charged 610 parts of 3-chlorodiphenyl ether and 2 parts of 5 powdered iron. The resulting mixture is heated to about 65 C. followed by the slow addition of 320 parts of liquid bromine. During the addition of bromine the reaction mass is maintained at 6080 C. After completing the addition of bromine the reaction mass is slowly heated to about 135 C. and then held at that temperature for 4 hours. The pressure in the reaction system is then lowered to about 100-200 mm. of Hg. and maintained for about 30 minutes in order to remove as much residual hydrogen bromine as possible.
• the product is a colorless liquid having an index of refraction, n of 1.6128, a specific gravity of 1.485 and a boiling range of l48l58 C. at 1.0 mm. of Hg.
• the mixed halogen-containing diphenyl ethers can be prepared by the Ullman reaction. Although this method yields the desired product in pure form, it is a somewhat expensive procedure and is, therefore, not as commercially attractive, especially since the procedure illustrated in Example 1 yields a mixture having of the order of 90 percent of the desired product which mixture is quite useful in the instant invention.
• the sulfides can be prepared by reacting an alkali metal halothiophenolate with a dihalobenzene in a carboxamide or N-alkyl pyrrolidone. An example of the preparation of a base stock compound of this invention by the Ullman reaction is given below.
• EXAMPLE 2 Into a suitable reaction vessel there is charged 212.1 parts of m-chlorophenol and 84.2 parts of potassium hydroxide followed by the addition of 150 ml. of toluene. The resulting mixture is heated to complete formation of the potassium chlorophenolate while removing, azeotropically, 34 ml. of I water. The toluene is then stripped and 500 ml. of diglyme is added. There is then charged to a different reaction vessel 707.7 parts of p-dibromobenzene, 5 parts of cuprous chloride and 3 parts of potassium iodide. The resulting mixture is heated to 165 C. and then the phenolate previously prepared is slowly charged over about 1% hours.
• the reaction mass is held at 165 C. for an additional 5 hours.
• the diglyme is then stripped and the residue diluted with ether and filtered, washed with 10 percent caustic solution and water and dried.
• the purified residue is then fractionated to provide the desired 4-bromo-3'- chlorodiphenyl ether which has a boiling point of 130 C. at 0.4 mm. of Hg., a crystallizing point of 8 F. and an index of refraction, n,, of 1.6138.
• EXAMPLE 4 In the manner of Example 3, the potassium salt of mchlorophenol was reacted with pdichlorobenzene to provide 3,4-dichlorodiphenyl ether which had a boiling point of 1 13 C. at 0.5 mm. of Hg., a melting point of 14 F. (10 C.) and an index of refraction, u of 1.5950.
• EXAMPLE 6 In the manner of Example 5, 147 parts of pchlorothiophenol, 441 parts of m-dichlorobenzene and 56.1 parts of potassium hydroxide were reacted in N-methylpyrrolidone to provide 3,4-dichlorodiphenyl sulfide which had a boiling point of 127 C. at 0.4 mm. of Hg., a melting point of 86 F. (30 C.) and an index of refraction, n, of 1.6454.
• Solution points were determined by placing a test composition in a test tube provided with an agitator and suspending the apparatus in a well insulated dry ice, acetone bath.
• the dry ice, acetone bath was maintained at a temperature in the range of 30 to 50 F., a range considered high enough to prevent a glass from forming and low enough to speed up potential crystallization.
• seeds of one of the components were added.
• the seeded composition was then stored in a cold box at 50 F. for 16 hours and then agitated in the dry ice, acetone bath for 8 hours. The cycle was then repeated.
• the thermal stability of the components and compositions of this invention were determined by the use of an isoteniscope according to the procedure of Blake et al., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 6, 87 (1961).
• a fluid is heated in the isoteniscope apparatus, it exerts a vapor pressure which can be readily measured.
• the vapor pressure increases as tem- TABLE 1 Solution Boiling Thermal Viscosity, es.
• problem to which the present invention is directed is to provide functional fluids having the combination of properties discussed above and which, therefore, retain the good; fire resistance of the base stocks yet are improved with respect to one or more other properties, such as lowor high-temperature viscosity or solution point.
• the problem can also be. stated, in the case of those base stocks not having the desired fire resistance, of improving their fire resistance without ad-. versely affecting viscosity and thermal stability and to also obtain fluids having good low-temperature properties.
• compositions of this invention Representative properties of typical blending agents used in the compositions of this invention are set forth in Table ll. (See col. 9.)
• compositions of this invention can be based on the use of a dihalodiphenyl sulfide instead of a dihalodiphenyl ether. Typical examples of such compositions are set forth below in Table IV.
• compositions of this invention also possess good lubricating properties as evidenced by the results obtained from testing of such compositions on the four-ball machine. Typical results are listed in Table V below. The composition numbers are for the compositions listed in Table III.
• Temper- Steel on Steel on Composition No. ature steel bronze NOTE-Test conditions: 40 kg., 1,200 r.p.m. for 1 hour at the temperature indicated.
• compositions of this invention are shear stable and are not prone to foaming and any foam formed is not stable. Furthermore, the claimed compositions have good stability, even at temperatures of 550 F. and in the presence of oxygen, and are essentially noncorrosive to metals, such as aluminum, aluminum bronze. iron, silver and titanium. A further advantage of the instant compositions is their outstanding hydrolytic stability.
• compositions of this invention are listed below in Table Vl wherein parts are parts by weight.
• improved hydraulic pressure devices can be prepared in accordance with this invention which comprise in combination a fluid chamber and an actuating fluid in said chamber, said fluid comprising a mixture of one or more of the base stocks hereinbefore described.
• a fluid chamber and an actuating fluid in said chamber, said fluid comprising a mixture of one or more of the base stocks hereinbefore described.
• the functional fluids of this invention can be utilized in those hydraulic systems wherein power must be transmitted and the frictional parts of the system lubricated by the hydraulic fluid utilized.
• the novel functional fluids of this invention find utility in the transmission of power in a hydraulic system having a pump therein supplying the power for the system.
• the parts which are so lubricated include the frictional surfaces of the source of power, namely the pump, valves, operating pistons and cylinders, fluid motors, and in some cases, for machine tools, the ways, tables and slides.
• the hydraulic system may be of either the constant-volume or the variable-volume type of system.
• the pumps may be of various types, including the pistontype pump, more particularly the variable-stroke piston pump,
• variable-discharge or variable displacement piston pump radial-piston pump, axial-piston pump, in which a pivoted cylinder block is adjusted at various angles with the piston assembly, for example, the Vickers Axial-Piston Pump, or in which the mechanism which drives the pistons is set at an angle adjustable with the cylinder block; gear-type pump, which may be spur, helical or herringbone gears, variations of internal gears, or a screw pump; or vane pumps.
• the valves may be stop valves, reversing valves, pilot valves, throttling valves, sequence valves or relief valves.
• Fluid motors are usually constantor variable-discharge piston pumps caused to rotate by the pressure of the hydraulic fluid of the system with the power supplied by the pump power source.
• Such a hydraulic motor may be used in connection with a variabledischarge pump to form a variable-speed transmission.
• the base stock compounds of this invention which contain one bromine atom and one chlorine atom possess a unique combination of fire resistance and viscosity.
• such compounds are as fire resistant or have the ability to impart as much fire resistance as chlorinated diphenyl ethers and sulfides containing at least three chlorine atoms but do not suffer from the problems of having the high viscosities at low temperatures which is common to such trichlorinated compounds and which problem is further magnified with compounds containing more than three chlorines.
• the chlorineand bromine-containing compounds are, therefore, preferred moieties of the instant invention because such combination of fire resistance and good lowtemperature viscosities malce them particularly well suited for .use in hydraulic fluid formulations where wide variations in temperature are likely to be encountered.
• compositions of this invention can also contain dyes, pour point depressants, antioxidants, viscosity index improvers, such as polyalkylacrylates and polyalkylmethacrylates, lubricity agents and the like.
• a composition consisting essentially of A. 4-bromo-3'-chlorodiphenyl ether and B. from about 10 to about 50 parts by weight of a monohalogenated diphenyl ether wherein the halogen is bromine or chlorine, per parts by weight of said 4- bromo-3 '-chlorodiphenyl ether. 2. A composition of claim 1 where the monohalogenated diphenyl ether is 3-chlorodiphenyl ether.
• a composition of claim 1 where the monohalogenated diphenyl ether is 3-bromodiphenyl ether.
• a composition consisting essentially of 4-bromo-3'- chlorodiphenyl ether and 3-chlorodiphenyl ether wherein said 3-chlorodiphenyl ether is present in amounts of from about 17 to about 33 parts by weight per l00 parts by weight of said 4- bromo-3 -chlorodiphenyl ether.
• a composition consisting essentially of l00 parts by weight of 4-bromo-3-chlorodiphenyl ether, about 100 parts by weight of chlorinated biphenyl having about 32 percent by weight chlorine, about 43 parts by weight of dibromoethylbenzene and about 43 parts by weight of 3-chlorodiphenyl ether.

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Citations (8)

• 1965
  • 1965-09-20 IL IL24342A patent/IL24342A/en unknown
  • 1965-09-20 DE DE19651594505 patent/DE1594505A1/de active Pending
  • 1965-09-20 GB GB39931/65A patent/GB1097797A/en not_active Expired
  • 1965-09-21 NL NL6512264A patent/NL6512264A/xx unknown
  • 1965-09-21 LU LU49504A patent/LU49504A1/xx unknown
  • 1965-09-21 BE BE669889D patent/BE669889A/xx unknown
  • 1965-09-21 SE SE12253/65A patent/SE304800B/xx unknown
  • 1965-09-21 CH CH1300265A patent/CH482013A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1967
  • 1967-11-14 US US682980A patent/US3644209A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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