US3645102A - Telescoping lining and support structure and method for lining tunnels and shafts - Google Patents

Telescoping lining and support structure and method for lining tunnels and shafts Download PDF

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Publication number
US3645102A
US3645102A US101875A US3645102DA US3645102A US 3645102 A US3645102 A US 3645102A US 101875 A US101875 A US 101875A US 3645102D A US3645102D A US 3645102DA US 3645102 A US3645102 A US 3645102A
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Prior art keywords
lining
segments
tunnel
segment
chordal
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US101875A
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English (en)
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Nicholas Chlumecky
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Commercial Shearing Inc
Commercial Shearing and Stamping Co
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Commercial Shearing Inc
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A novel telescoping lining and support structure and method for lining tunnels and shafts is provided in which a plurality of first chordal segments are drawn into a tunnel or shaft hole in a reduced diameter state of compression, expanded diametrically one after another in place in said tunnel or shaft and keyed in the expanded state by a second smaller chordal segment which completes an annular ring segment with the first chordal segment in place.
  • SHEET 3 BF 3 INVENTOR Nicholas Chlumecky TELESCOIING LIININ'G AND SUPPORT STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR LINING TUNNELS AND SHAFTS This invention relates to a telescoping lining and support structure and method for lining tunnels and shafts and particularly to a much improved method of supporting and lining tunnels and shafts which are made by mining and tunneling methods.
  • Underground tunnels and shafts such as vehicular tunnels, underwater tubes, sewer and pollutant control tunnels, subways and similar structures must be provided with a supporting lining.
  • One method of accomplishing this uses concrete pipe which is jacked with heavy pressure into the earth by means of substantial hydraulic jacks which must abut against a very strong base or wall which is usually located in a shaft because such jacking would be difficult if the pipe has to be pushed from a structure on a flat surface. As the pipe is pushed ahead, earth is excavated at the front end of the tunnel ahead of the pipe which is then moved ahead.
  • any further tunneling by pipe jacking becomes impossible and tunneling can then only proceed by methods other than pipe jacking.
  • Another problem is that at times due to the heavy jacking load, pipe components break up and require their removal with costly repair. While pipe jacking is successful in suitable locations in earth, it is limited in range since the jacking thrust can move but a limited lineal footage of pipe. When load or drag, despite lubrication of the outside wall of the pipe, increases to a point where the pipe may be damaged by the pressure applied, the jacking must be discontinued.
  • the present invention provides a novel and significant improvement over the presently used method which was described above.
  • the invention provides a tunnel lining which can be telescoped through the installed lining without the need for heavy jacking members which require a strong abutment.
  • the tunnel lining of the present invention does not require costly drilling methods for the injection of lubricating matter to the outside of the tunnel lining.
  • this invention provides a telescoping tunnel lining which does not depend on specially favorable earth formations through which the tunnel is mined and which is not affected by work stoppages or other delays which cause seizure of a moving lining.
  • the present tunnel lining can be telescoped towards the tunnel face without exerting excessive and damaging pressures on lining components as they are moved ahead.
  • the present invention provides a lining which does not require a large shaft from which the tunnel can be started.
  • the lining of the present invention can be moved into the tunnel without a need to disconnect and reconnect utility lines, ventilation pipes and track.
  • the present invention provides a method of lining a tunnel in which a plurality of first chordal segments are drawn into a tunnel in the compressed state, expanded one after another in place and keyed by a smaller second chordal segment to form an annular segment in place.
  • the segments are provided with grout holes through which grout is pumped to fill the void behind the segments.
  • the segments are moved into place by drawing with a cable, by means of hydraulic cylinders or by other equivalent means.
  • the segments may be made of any strong elastic material such as steel, reinforced plastic, reinforced concrete of the like material.
  • the first chordal segments preferably include an angle greater than 230".
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a tunnel embodying my method for telescoping a lining into a tunnel;
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section of the tunnel on the line II- II showing the manner in which the lining is telescoped and where the lining upon expansion and completion consists of three pieces per ring;
  • FIG. 3 shows an elevational view of the tunnel track with support frame for carrying utility lines
  • FIG. 4 is an end elevationalview of a telescoping lining member of FIG. 1 in compressed condition for insertion in a tunnel; taken on line IV -IV of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a second embodiment of telescoping lining where the track is contained by the telescoping lining and where each ring consists of two pieces;
  • FIG. 6 shows a fragmentary cross section of a third embodiment of lining according to my invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a plan view of trapezoidal-shaped bottom segments of tunnel lining with square joints used in the embodiment of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 shows a fragmentary cross section of trapezoidalshaped bottom segments upon assembly with joints which have a tongue and groove configuration
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view of the trapezoidal-shaped bottom segments of the embodiment of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross section of a spline joint which could be used instead of other joint configurations of this invention
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a cross section of another type of joint assembly of this invention.
  • FIG. 12 depicts a cross section of a joint with asymmetrical keeper and seal of this invention
  • FIG. 13 shows a cross section of a tongue and groove joint of this invention
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a cross section of a joint with an H-section as a stabilizer to keep edges in line
  • FIG. 15 shows an assembly with square edge with bolt and washer assembly to keep edges of joints in exact alignment
  • FIG. 16 shows tongue-and-groove joint with holes for temporary use to draw longitudinal or vertical joints together
  • FIG. 17 is another embodiment of my invention shown in end elevation.
  • FIG. 18 is still another embodiment of my invention in end elevation.
  • FIG. I I have shown a general arrangement of the telescoping tunnel lining installation showing an arcuate segment 10 being lowered by crane 111 into vertical shaft 12 in front of horizontal shaft 13. Segment It) is joined to other segments 10 already inserted within assembled lining 14 by drawing together temporarily lower ends IS with cable or chain 16 as shown by FIG. 4 showing cross section of segment being lowered into shaft 12. Once segment is inserted within tunnel lining 14 temporary cable 16 is removed. Clamp 17 is then fastened to the trailing edge of segment 10. Clamps 17 are attached to cables 18 which run over sheave 19 which is mounted on shield 20. Cables 18 run out inside tunnel lining 14 to sheaves 21 and double drum winch 22.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the telescoping lining arrangement of FIG. 1 and particularly the manner in which the various elements of the invention are related to each other. It shows how segment 10 which may consist of strong elastic material such as steel, reinforced plastic or reinforced concrete is located and held confined within upper expanded lining segment 10 and bottom lining segments 23 and 24. It shows also how frame 26 which carries powerlines 25 as well as piping 30 and ventilation line 28 is fastened to track 27. Segments are furnished with grout holes 31 to fill the void between limits of tunnel excavation 32 with grout 33. Telescoping segments 10 are pulled into tunnel by clamp 17 which is attached to winch cables 18 that run over sheave 19 which is attached to tunnel shield.
  • segment 10 which may consist of strong elastic material such as steel, reinforced plastic or reinforced concrete is located and held confined within upper expanded lining segment 10 and bottom lining segments 23 and 24. It shows also how frame 26 which carries powerlines 25 as well as piping 30 and ventilation line 28 is fastened to track 27. Segments are furnished with grout holes 31 to fill the void between limits
  • FIG. 5 I have illustrated a method of telescoping segments 101 with maximum circumference into completed tunnel lining 101 such that only one key segment 102 is required upon expansion of segment 100 to the diameter of tunnel lining 161.
  • track 103 has to rest on segment 100.
  • This method of telescoping is suitable for relatively small diameter tunnels where the weight of muck car 104 is not excessive.
  • FIG. '7 I show a plan view of parallelogram-shaped segment 110 and trapezoidal-shaped segment 111 suitably shaped for installation of trapezoidal segment 112 so that as the segments 110 and 111 are slid longitudinally, they will require a minimum of space ahead of completed portions of the lining.
  • FIG. 6 shows how the assembled segments are arranged as related to a fragmentary view of the lining cross section.
  • FIG. 9 I show a plan view of the parallelogram segments 121 and two trapezoidal segments 122 with tongueand-groove shaped joint 123 to assure proper alignment of segments through their joints.
  • FIG. 8 shows a fragmentary cross section of telescoping segment in relation to assembled lining 124.
  • FIG. 10 to FIG. 16 describe variousjoints which could be suitable for use with the telescoping lining 130.
  • FIG. 10 is a spline joint with spline 131 inserted in grooves 132.
  • For sealing groove 132 could be filled with sealant material 133 which forms a bond between spline 131 and lining 130.
  • FIG. 15 shows squarejoints 151 held in alignment during as sembly by means of temporary bolts 152 and washers 153.
  • FIG. 16 shows a fragmentary plan view of a tongue-andgroove joint before it is drawn together.
  • holes 161 are drilled through lining 162.
  • Dowels (not shown) are then inserted temporarily in hole 161 to draw thejoint together with a clamp (not shown).
  • FIGS. 10 to 16 show also locations of sealing or bonding material 164 which may consist of epoxy or other suitable compounds.
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 show other embodiments in which a segment 200 is passed through the lined tunnel and expanded and fastened to an overlapping bottom member 201 by bolts 202 or alternatively by bottom segments 203 and splice plate 204.
  • a method of lining a tunnel and the like comprising the steps of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
US101875A 1970-12-28 1970-12-28 Telescoping lining and support structure and method for lining tunnels and shafts Expired - Lifetime US3645102A (en)

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US10187570A 1970-12-28 1970-12-28

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US (1) US3645102A (de)
JP (1) JPS5620438B1 (de)
AT (1) AT321977B (de)
AU (1) AU2812171A (de)
BE (1) BE766064A (de)
CA (1) CA947520A (de)
CH (1) CH546312A (de)
DE (1) DE2120178C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2126661A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1354741A (de)
NL (1) NL7105475A (de)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0692606A1 (de) * 1994-07-13 1996-01-17 CENTRE D'ETUDES DE L'ENERGIE NUCLEAIRE, établissement d'utilité publique Verfahren zum Auskleiden von Tunneln
EP0728974A1 (de) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-28 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Verfahren zum Verlegen eines eingegrabenen Rohres
BE1009528A3 (nl) * 1995-08-08 1997-04-01 Verstraeten Beheersmij Bv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een beklede ondergrondse tunnel.
US5626442A (en) * 1995-10-24 1997-05-06 Boyer, Inc. Pipe rehabilitation system and methods
US5676491A (en) * 1995-02-24 1997-10-14 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Buried pipe laying method
EP0881359A1 (de) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-02 Herrenknecht GmbH Verfahren und Anordnung zur Herstellung eines Tunnels im Schildvortrieb
US6494437B1 (en) 1995-10-24 2002-12-17 Mark L. Boyer Boom mounted winch
US20090293979A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2009-12-03 Kenneth Latimer Scott Method of lining pre-existing pipes or passages and apparatus therefor
CN102477866A (zh) * 2010-11-25 2012-05-30 中铁十八局集团有限公司 一种具有良好通风性能的模板台车
CN104632250A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-05-20 北京工业大学 圆形基坑倒挂管片装配式衬砌结构及其施工方法
CN108397208A (zh) * 2018-05-07 2018-08-14 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 一种双护盾tbm
CN108590676A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-09-28 辽宁三三工业有限公司 一种盾机前部拖车轨道平台
CN108915724A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2018-11-30 中铁十九局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 一种用于全断面岩石掘进机施工的管片稳固系统及方法
CN109882195A (zh) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-14 浙江大学城市学院 一种装配式大断面矩形顶管管节及施工方法
CN113669083A (zh) * 2021-10-08 2021-11-19 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 基于荷载转换与盖帽型式的隧道修补结构及其施工方法
CN113847036A (zh) * 2021-10-25 2021-12-28 安徽理工大学 一种深钻井井筒破除井壁底后双壁座结构及施工方法
US20220178471A1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2022-06-09 Kubota Corporation Pipe transport device and pipe joining method inside pipeline construction shaft

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2103684B (en) * 1981-08-07 1985-09-04 Commercial Shearing Tunnel liners
US4830536A (en) * 1981-08-07 1989-05-16 Commercial Shearing, Inc. Method and apparatus for tunnel lining
FR2523627A1 (fr) * 1982-03-22 1983-09-23 Campenon Bernard Procede pour conforter des arches ou des constructions analogues
JPS5998747U (ja) * 1982-12-24 1984-07-04 セイレイ工業株式会社 脱穀機における側板構造
AT389149B (de) * 1986-12-23 1989-10-25 Mayreder Kraus & Co Ing Tuebbingring fuer den stollen- und tunnelausbau
CN112302662B (zh) * 2020-10-29 2022-10-14 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 一种下穿高速公路人工回填土浅埋隧道的施工方法
CN117662178B (zh) * 2023-12-29 2024-06-18 中交城乡建设规划设计研究院有限公司 一种超浅埋大断面地下通道顶推系统及方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1137442A (en) * 1914-05-08 1915-04-27 Gheen R Abbott Mold for constructing concrete tunnels.
US1372856A (en) * 1919-09-02 1921-03-29 Winterbottom Joseph Method of building sewers and tunnels
US1751147A (en) * 1929-03-11 1930-03-18 Roy C Hackley Method of lining tunnels with concrete and apparatus therefor
FR1099147A (fr) * 1954-02-11 1955-08-30 Siplast Réalisation de l'étanchéité d'ouvrages en béton ou en maçonnerie soumis à des pressions hydrostatiques pouvant aller dans les deux sens, en particulier étanchéisation des galeries d'amenée d'eau aux centrales hydrauliques
FR1163356A (fr) * 1954-08-19 1958-09-25 Cintre de coffrage roulant ou déplaçable pour le bétonnage de voûtes en berceaux, tunnels, galeries ou puits
FR1278994A (fr) * 1961-02-01 1961-12-15 Ramset Italiana S P A Procédé et dispositif pour exécuter sur place des galeries souterraines en matériau coulé
US3206824A (en) * 1963-02-15 1965-09-21 October Corp Apparatus for forming a tunnel

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1137442A (en) * 1914-05-08 1915-04-27 Gheen R Abbott Mold for constructing concrete tunnels.
US1372856A (en) * 1919-09-02 1921-03-29 Winterbottom Joseph Method of building sewers and tunnels
US1751147A (en) * 1929-03-11 1930-03-18 Roy C Hackley Method of lining tunnels with concrete and apparatus therefor
FR1099147A (fr) * 1954-02-11 1955-08-30 Siplast Réalisation de l'étanchéité d'ouvrages en béton ou en maçonnerie soumis à des pressions hydrostatiques pouvant aller dans les deux sens, en particulier étanchéisation des galeries d'amenée d'eau aux centrales hydrauliques
FR1163356A (fr) * 1954-08-19 1958-09-25 Cintre de coffrage roulant ou déplaçable pour le bétonnage de voûtes en berceaux, tunnels, galeries ou puits
FR1278994A (fr) * 1961-02-01 1961-12-15 Ramset Italiana S P A Procédé et dispositif pour exécuter sur place des galeries souterraines en matériau coulé
US3206824A (en) * 1963-02-15 1965-09-21 October Corp Apparatus for forming a tunnel

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0692606A1 (de) * 1994-07-13 1996-01-17 CENTRE D'ETUDES DE L'ENERGIE NUCLEAIRE, établissement d'utilité publique Verfahren zum Auskleiden von Tunneln
BE1008489A3 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-05-07 Centre Etd Energie Nucleaire Procede de realisation d'un tunnel revetu.
EP0728974A1 (de) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-28 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Verfahren zum Verlegen eines eingegrabenen Rohres
US5676491A (en) * 1995-02-24 1997-10-14 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Buried pipe laying method
BE1009528A3 (nl) * 1995-08-08 1997-04-01 Verstraeten Beheersmij Bv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een beklede ondergrondse tunnel.
US5626442A (en) * 1995-10-24 1997-05-06 Boyer, Inc. Pipe rehabilitation system and methods
US6494437B1 (en) 1995-10-24 2002-12-17 Mark L. Boyer Boom mounted winch
EP0881359A1 (de) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-02 Herrenknecht GmbH Verfahren und Anordnung zur Herstellung eines Tunnels im Schildvortrieb
US8191580B2 (en) * 2006-10-24 2012-06-05 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Method of lining pre-existing pipes or passages and apparatus therefor
US20090293979A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2009-12-03 Kenneth Latimer Scott Method of lining pre-existing pipes or passages and apparatus therefor
CN102477866A (zh) * 2010-11-25 2012-05-30 中铁十八局集团有限公司 一种具有良好通风性能的模板台车
CN104632250A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-05-20 北京工业大学 圆形基坑倒挂管片装配式衬砌结构及其施工方法
CN108590676A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-09-28 辽宁三三工业有限公司 一种盾机前部拖车轨道平台
CN108590676B (zh) * 2018-03-22 2020-04-28 辽宁三三工业有限公司 一种盾机前部拖车轨道平台
CN108397208A (zh) * 2018-05-07 2018-08-14 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 一种双护盾tbm
CN108397208B (zh) * 2018-05-07 2024-05-07 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 一种双护盾tbm
CN108915724A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2018-11-30 中铁十九局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 一种用于全断面岩石掘进机施工的管片稳固系统及方法
US20220178471A1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2022-06-09 Kubota Corporation Pipe transport device and pipe joining method inside pipeline construction shaft
US12281727B2 (en) * 2019-03-22 2025-04-22 Kubota Corporation Pipe transport device and pipe joining method inside pipeline construction shaft
CN109882195A (zh) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-14 浙江大学城市学院 一种装配式大断面矩形顶管管节及施工方法
CN113669083B (zh) * 2021-10-08 2023-10-10 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 基于荷载转换与盖帽型式的隧道修补结构及其施工方法
CN113669083A (zh) * 2021-10-08 2021-11-19 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 基于荷载转换与盖帽型式的隧道修补结构及其施工方法
CN113847036A (zh) * 2021-10-25 2021-12-28 安徽理工大学 一种深钻井井筒破除井壁底后双壁座结构及施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA947520A (en) 1974-05-21
DE2120178A1 (de) 1972-07-13
AT321977B (de) 1975-04-25
AU2812171A (en) 1972-11-02
NL7105475A (de) 1972-06-30
BE766064A (fr) 1971-09-16
FR2126661A5 (de) 1972-10-06
DE2120178C3 (de) 1974-01-10
DE2120178B2 (de) 1973-06-14
CH546312A (fr) 1974-02-28
JPS5620438B1 (de) 1981-05-13
GB1354741A (en) 1974-06-05

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