US3659167A - Electromagnetic device for maintaining a mechanical oscillating or rotary movement - Google Patents

Electromagnetic device for maintaining a mechanical oscillating or rotary movement Download PDF

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Publication number
US3659167A
US3659167A US62522A US3659167DA US3659167A US 3659167 A US3659167 A US 3659167A US 62522 A US62522 A US 62522A US 3659167D A US3659167D A US 3659167DA US 3659167 A US3659167 A US 3659167A
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United States
Prior art keywords
transistor
coil
contactor
base
electromagnetic device
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Expired - Lifetime
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US62522A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Ulrich Meyer
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CH1284969A external-priority patent/CH520353A/fr
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Publication of US3659167A publication Critical patent/US3659167A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/004—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor characterised by the material used
    • G04B31/012—Metallic bearings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/004—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor characterised by the material used
    • G04B31/012—Metallic bearings
    • G04B31/0123—Metallic bearings with metallic ball bearings and metallic roller bearings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/0066—Cases for wall clocks and balances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G04C3/065—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance the balance controlling gear-train by means of static switches, e.g. transistor circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/16—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating an electro-dynamic continuously rotating motor

Definitions

  • An electromagnetic device for maintaining movement of an oscillating or rotating piece, such as the balance wheel of a timepiece comprises a driving coil associated with a magnet on the piece.
  • a contactor transistor in the feed circuit of the driving coil is controlled by a pick-up coil to deliver driving pulses to the driving coil.
  • a regulating transistor acts on the contactor transistor to adjust the values of the driving pulses as a function of the desired speed of the piece.
  • the emitterbase junction of the regulating transistor is connected to the terminals of the pick up coil and the regulating transistor is connected by its collector and its base to by-pass the baseemitter junction of the contactor transistor.
  • the invention concerns electromagnetic devices, particularly applicable to horological instruments, for maintaining a mechanical oscillating or rotary movement, of the type comprising a pick-up coil and a driving coil interacting with a magnetic system, a driving transistor, and a transistor adjusting the maximal relative speed between the magnetic system and the coils.
  • U, RI constant where U, is the back electromotive force induced in the driving coil at the moment of the driving pulse, R is the resistance of the coil, and I is the current through the coil at the moment of pulse.
  • U,I the power delivered at the moment of pulse
  • U,I the relative speed between the magnetic system and the coils at the moment of pulse which speed is proportional to U,, depends upon the charge.
  • a change of the power of the source feeding the coils for example wearing down of a cell, leads to modification of the regulation of the oscillating or rotating system.
  • an electromagnetic device for maintaining movement of an oscillating or rotating piece comprises a driving coil associated with at least one magnetic element for ensuring maintenance of the said movement, a contactor transistor in the feed circuit of the driving coil, the contactor transistor being controlled by a pick-up coil to deliver pulses to the driving coil for maintaining movement of the piece, a regulating transistor acting on the contactor transistor to adjust the values of the said pulses as a function of a desired speed of the'piece, the emitter-base junction of the regulating transistor being connected to the terminals of the pick-up coil, and the regulating transistor being connected by its collector and its emitter to by-pass the base-emitter junction of the contactor transistor.
  • FIG. I is a circuit diagram of a circuit according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are variants thereof
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b are examples of coupling elements between the pick-up coil and the regulating transistor.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph of the voltage obtained at the terminals of the driving coil, as a function of time, with an assembly according to the invention.
  • a driving coil L, and a pick-up coil L interact with a magnetic element such as a small permanent magnet or an oscillating or rotating piece (not shown).
  • This piece could, for example, be the balance wheel of a timepiece which is caused to oscillate by means of a spiral hairspring.
  • an electro-motive force induced in the pick-up coil L is amplified and supplied to the driving coil L1 to provide a pulse to maintain the motion of the oscillating or rotating piece.
  • FIG. 1 An example of the feed circuit for coils L, and L is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a power source such as a dry cell, is connected to the terminals of driving coil through the collector-emitter circuit of a first transistor T, called the contactor transistor.
  • the base of collector-transistor T is connected to the collector of a second transistor T called the regulating transistor.
  • the transistors T, and T are preferably of the same type and may be of silicon.
  • the pick-up coil L is connected in the baseemitter circuit of the regulating transistor T the emitter of which is also connected to the driving coil L,.
  • transistor T At rest, the base of transistor T, is polarised by connection to the positive terminal of the cell through a resistor R, so that the transistor T, is slightly conducting.
  • a capacitor C can, if necessary, be included in series with resistor R, to eliminate parasitic oscillations.
  • the bases of transistors T, and T are connected by a capacitor C and a resistor R in series.
  • a slight electromotive force induced by the magnetic system upon relative displacement in relation to the pick-up coil L, is transmitted from the latter through the resistor R and the capacitor C to the base of the transistor T,, and the driving coil L,.
  • the coils are both connected in the same direction so that there will be an increase of the relative speed, and consequently the amplitude in the case of an oscillating system.
  • the circuit is adapted to operate by pulses.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of the feed circuit with a different arrangement of the coils.
  • FIG. 3 shows another variant of the feed circuit characterized in that a diode D, replaces C and R
  • FIG. 4a shows a modified feed circuit in which resistors R, and R are connected in series and parallel respectively between the base-emitter junction of transistor T and the pick-up coil L
  • Resistor R may have a negative temperature coefficient to shunt the emitter base circuit of the regulating transistor T and compensate for the temperature effect in a determined temperature range.
  • Resistor R may be omitted, provides that the own resistance of coil L be high enough.
  • a Zener-effect diode is connected in series between the pick-up coil L and the base of transistor T The Zener diode is chosen so as to ensure a temperature compensation of the device in a determined temperature range.
  • an electromagnetic device for maintaining movement of a movable piece, said device comprising a driving coil associated with at least one magnetic element for ensuring maintenance of the said movement, and a contactor transistor in the feed circuit of the driving coil, the contactor transistor being controlled by a pick-up coil connected to its base and collector circuit to deliver pulses to the driving coil for maintaining movement of the piece, the improvement comprising a regulating transistor acting on the contactor transistor to adjust the values of the said pulses as a function of a desired speed of the piece, the emitter-base junction of the regulating transistor being connected to the terminals of the pick-up coil, the regulating transistor being connected by its collector and its emitter to by-pass the base-emitter junction of the contactor transistor, and an impedance connecting only the bases of the two transistors.
  • said impedance connecting only the bases of the two transistors is a capacitor and a resistor in series.
  • a resistor having a negative temperature coefficient is connected to shunt the emitter-base circuit of the regulating transistor for the purpose of compensating for the temperature change effect in a determined temperature range.
  • a Zener-effect diode is connected in series between the pick-up coil and the base of the regulating transistor for the purpose of obtaining temperature compensation of the device in a determined temperature range.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
US62522A 1968-05-02 1970-08-10 Electromagnetic device for maintaining a mechanical oscillating or rotary movement Expired - Lifetime US3659167A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1284969A CH520353A (fr) 1968-05-02 1968-05-02 Mouvement d'horlogerie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3659167A true US3659167A (en) 1972-04-25

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ID=4386962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US62522A Expired - Lifetime US3659167A (en) 1968-05-02 1970-08-10 Electromagnetic device for maintaining a mechanical oscillating or rotary movement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3659167A (de)
CH (1) CH1284969A4 (de)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3293568A (en) * 1963-02-20 1966-12-20 Junghans Geb Ag Amplitude stabilized electromechanical oscillator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3293568A (en) * 1963-02-20 1966-12-20 Junghans Geb Ag Amplitude stabilized electromechanical oscillator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH1284969A4 (de) 1971-11-30

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