US3664927A - Apparatus for continuous hydrolysis of raffinose - Google Patents

Apparatus for continuous hydrolysis of raffinose Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3664927A
US3664927A US860876A US3664927DA US3664927A US 3664927 A US3664927 A US 3664927A US 860876 A US860876 A US 860876A US 3664927D A US3664927D A US 3664927DA US 3664927 A US3664927 A US 3664927A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
enzyme
juice
sugar syrup
raffinose
syrup
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US860876A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Junichi Shimizu
Toshio Kaga
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hokkaido Sugar Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hokkaido Sugar Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hokkaido Sugar Co Ltd filed Critical Hokkaido Sugar Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3664927A publication Critical patent/US3664927A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B20/00—Purification of sugar juices
    • C13B20/002—Purification of sugar juices using microorganisms or enzymes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • B01J19/1862—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside placed in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/18—Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilized or carrier-bound enzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
    • Y10S435/813—Continuous fermentation

Definitions

  • Japan Primary ExaminerA. Louis Monacell [22] Filed: Sept. 25, 1969 Assistant Examiner-Gary M. Nath [211 Appl- No: 860,876 AttorneySughrue, Rothwell, Mion, Zinn and Macpeak [57] ABSTRACT [30] Forelgn Apphumon Priority An apparatus comprising a U-shaped open reaction vessel Oct. 7, 1968 Japan ..43/72676 which is separated into a plurality of chambers by boundary plates which are so constructed as to allow sugar syrup or juice [52] US. Cl. ..195/141, 195/31 R, 195/ 1 15, to overflow through replaceable screen nets fitted at the upper /2 259/68 parts of the boundary plates; and said chambers are equipped [51] II!!- Cl. ..C12b 1/02 with an interfering plate and each chamber is equipped with [58] Fleld of Search 1 35, 1 15, 139, 140, 141, tir-re s between the interfering and boundary plates,
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional views of the reaction vessel.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatically illustrated process of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a process for continuous hydrolysis of rafiinose and an apparatus therefor. More particularly it relates to a process for continuous hydrolysis of raffinose contained in beet sugar syrup or juice by stirring and contacting the syrup with u-D-galactosidase which is present in the cells of a mold.
  • the mold containing a-D-galactosidase is cultured and shaped in pellet form and the obtained enzyme-agent of pellet form is added in a given amount to each chamber of the reaction vessel fitted with a stirrer as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the beet sugar syrup or juice is contacted with the enzyme-pellets for a required period by passing the syrup through the chambers from one side to another to contact the raffinose with the enzyme for the hydrolysis of raffinose, for promoting the growth of sugar crystals in the crystallization operation of the beet sugar syrup or juice and also for attaining an increased production of sugar.
  • a mold containing a-D-galactosidase such as Mortierella vinacea variant raffinose utilizer, is cultured in a suitable nutrient culture medium containing lactose to obtain mold of pellet-form having the activity of about 30,000 unit per ml of culture medium.
  • a suitable nutrient culture medium containing lactose to obtain mold of pellet-form having the activity of about 30,000 unit per ml of culture medium.
  • Beet sugar syrup or juice which is obtained in each manufacturing process of sugar by extracting sucrose from beet, contains small amount of raffinose, peculiar to the beet sugar syrup or juice and which is a trisaccharide.
  • raffinose contained therein behaves as a factor to obstruct the growth of sugar crystals. Accordingly, the recovery of sugar can be increased by hydrolyzing of raffinose into sucrose and galactose.
  • raffinose contained therein By reacting a-D-galactosidase enzyme-pellets with raw juice, thin juice, middle juice, beet syrup, beet molasses, etc., raffinose contained therein can easily be hydrolyzed equally in each case.
  • raffinose contained in a wide range of between 0.4 and 15 percent based on solid contents in each case of sugar syrup or juice can be hydrolyzed by using l50,000-20,000,000 unit of enzyme per gram of rafiinose and catalyzing for At-1% hours at a temperature of between 30 and 60 C. and adjusting the concentration and pH-value of beet sugar syrup or juice in Bx 10-50 and pH 4.5-7 respectively.
  • 1,500-3 ,000 tons of beet are being treated per day in a beet sugar production plant and the water-soluble substances which are contained in the beet consist mainly of sugar amounts to 300-600 tons and rafi'mose contained in the watersoluble substances amounts to 2-4.5 tons.
  • the process and apparatus for treating such a large amount of sugar syrup or juice with the said enzyme-agent are being quite serious factors in economical consideration.
  • the apparatus accordingto the invention is equipped with an agitating device as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 to satisfy the above mentioned reaction conditions of the said enzymeagent.
  • the enzyme-agent according to the invention is porous and is shaped in pellet form when the enzyme-agent is immersed in a sugar syrup or juice the apparent specific gravity of the pellets will be the samewith that of sugar syrup or juice and by mechanical stirring the distribution conditions of the pellets remain always constant without regarding the concentration of sugar syrup or juice if it is in a range of Bx between 10 and 50.
  • the sugar syrup or juice After regulating the concentration and pH-value in aregulating vessel the sugar syrup or juice is allowed to pass through the chambers one after another in one direction by overflow and each overflowing position above the boundary of the two adjacent chambers is fitted with a replaceable screen net of 50-100 mesh.
  • the screen nets are so constructed as to be able to be replaced with a net of suitable mesh.
  • the activity of the enzyme-pellets decreased by degree by contacting with sugar syrup or juice during the hydrolysis of raffinose, it becomes necessary to supply fresh enzyme-agent, the consumed enzyme can easily be transferred to the next chamber by removing the screen net and thus the activity of the enzyme-agent in the chambers can be controlled and kept constant.
  • the reaction vessel may have any number of chambers, such as three or more.
  • hydrolysis of raffinose contained in beet sugar syrup or juice according to the invention can be carried out continuously, it is suitable for industrial large scale treatment.
  • a large amount of enzyme-agent may be added freely in any chamber of the reaction vessel and so the reaction period can be reduced.
  • the present invention has technically and economically attained remarkable progress in the hydrolysis of raffinose contained in beet sugar syrup or juice.
  • EXAMPLE A Apparatus A longitudinal side sectional view of the reaction vessel is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a stainless steel-reaction vessel 2 fitted with jacket 1 is divided in three chambers and is equipped with a shaft of the agitator 3 passing through the central part of each chamber.
  • a replaceable screen net 5 of mesh size between 60 and 80.
  • an interrupting plate 6 in each chamber and the lower part of which is opened to allow passing through of syrup or juice.
  • Blades are fitted to the shaft of the agitator at the middle of each chamber and also at the middle of the space between each boundary plate and interrupting plate and their lengths are so in the second and third chambers somewhat increase.
  • variable driving means 7 is used for the agitator.
  • a leveling pipe 8 At the end of the last chamber there is fitted a leveling pipe 8.
  • beet sugar molasses or syrup is introduced in the diluting and regulating vessel 3 (ref. FIG. 2) and is diluted with warm water 2 up to Bx 30 and then the pI-l-value is adjusted with sulfuric acid to 5.2.
  • the treated sugar syrup is supplied in the reaction vessel having substantial contents of 3.81 4 continuously in a rate of about 2.8-2.91 per hour.
  • 700 g of the enzyme-pellets are charged in the chambers so as to place an equal amount of enzyme-pellets in each chamber and the revolution of the agitator is adjusted to 120 rpm. and the screen net of 60 mesh is fitted above theboundary plate of each chamber and water of C. is circulated in the jacket to maintain the temperature of sugar syrup at 4850 C. constantly.
  • the leveling pipe is so adjusted as to control the retention time of sugar syrup in the reaction vessel for one-fourth hour.
  • sugar syrup of Bx 30 is passed continuously through the reaction vessel for 4 days.
  • the enzyme shaped in a pellet form to be used is obtained by culturing Mortierella vinacea variant rafi'inose utilizer under in a culture medium mainly containing lactose in aerating and stirring conditions, centrifuging the deposited mold of pellet-form followed by refrigerating and then remelting to dissolve out water soluble substances and again centrifuging to obtain enzyme-pellets containing 67 percent of water and having the activity of 600,000 unit per gram.
  • the total activity of the enzyme decreased to 48.6 percent of the initial activity, whereas the activity of the enzyme based on solid is observed to be constant.
  • the decrease of the total activity of the enzyme to 48.6 percent of the initial activity is mainly due to the abrasion of 5 1.4 percent by weight of the solid part of the enzyme-agent.
  • a molasses having the above mentioned composition and at the same time a molasses in which percent of raffinose contained therein is hydrodysed are both treated as usually with a boiling operation. By comparing microscopic cramps of the both crystals obtained therefrom definite differences are observed between these two as shown in FIG. 3.
  • C m d is: plate and each boundary plate and driving means for said stir- I.
  • An apparatus for continuously hydrolyzing raffinose conrers. tained in beet sugar syrup comprising a U-shaped open reac- 2.
  • An apparatus according to claim I wherein the mesh size constructed as to allow the sugar syrup to flow thereover from of said screen nets is less than 100. one chamber to another, a replaceable screen net secured at 4.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
US860876A 1968-10-07 1969-09-25 Apparatus for continuous hydrolysis of raffinose Expired - Lifetime US3664927A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7267668A JPS556360B1 (da) 1968-10-07 1968-10-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3664927A true US3664927A (en) 1972-05-23

Family

ID=13496192

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US860876A Expired - Lifetime US3664927A (en) 1968-10-07 1969-09-25 Apparatus for continuous hydrolysis of raffinose

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3664927A (da)
JP (1) JPS556360B1 (da)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992260A (en) * 1970-12-23 1976-11-16 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Method for increasing yield of sucrose
US4761380A (en) * 1985-08-05 1988-08-02 Abay S.A. Fermentation cell for continuous operation
US4826962A (en) * 1985-10-21 1989-05-02 Tate & Lyle Public Limited Company Tetrachlororaffinose and its use in the preparation of sucralose

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2188192A (en) * 1936-05-04 1940-01-23 Scholler Heinrich Method of and apparatus for fermenting solutions

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2188192A (en) * 1936-05-04 1940-01-23 Scholler Heinrich Method of and apparatus for fermenting solutions

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992260A (en) * 1970-12-23 1976-11-16 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Method for increasing yield of sucrose
US4761380A (en) * 1985-08-05 1988-08-02 Abay S.A. Fermentation cell for continuous operation
US4826962A (en) * 1985-10-21 1989-05-02 Tate & Lyle Public Limited Company Tetrachlororaffinose and its use in the preparation of sucralose

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS556360B1 (da) 1980-02-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4211645A (en) Foam flotation activated sludge process
US4824939A (en) Process for leaching particulate solid materials
US2950171A (en) Process and apparatus for the manufacture of phosphoric acid
US2083348A (en) Apparatus for the production of micro-organisms and for the fermentation of solutions
US4980282A (en) Treatment of corn steep liquor
US4383040A (en) Fermentation process and apparatus
US3836432A (en) Continuous process for the hydrolysis of raffinose
Mituya et al. Pre-pilot-plant experiments on algal mass culture
DE69010529T2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kultivierungsbedingungen von tierischen Zellen.
US3186939A (en) Method of and system for sewage treatment
US3078166A (en) Continuous brewing
US1680043A (en) Preparation of yeast
CH631142A5 (de) Verfahren und einrichtung zur behandlung von abwasser, insbesondere sauerkrautabwasser, zwecks gewinnung von hefe.
CN213347837U (zh) 一种养晶型真空降温结晶器
Harris et al. Fodder yeast from wood hydrolyzates and still residues
JPS6356296A (ja) 多糖類、とくにキサントンの発酵による生成方法および装置
KR950005423B1 (ko) 동물세포의 배양방법 및 배양장치
US3068155A (en) A method of producing yeast
US2083347A (en) Method of fermenting solutions and producing yeast
Heukelekian et al. Thermophilic Digestion of Daily Charges of Fresh Solids and Activated Sludge [with Discussion]
US3407069A (en) Continuous stream brewing process employing permeable yeast plug
JPH0716670B2 (ja) 自己造粒形バイオリアクタ
Harris Food-yeast production from wood-processing byproducts
CA1103375A (en) Treatment of biodegradable material
CN1124292A (zh) 细胞培养生物反应器