Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
  • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550°C
  • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
  • B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
  • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
  • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
  • Y10T428/12958—Next to Fe-base component
  • Y10T428/12965—Both containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]

Definitions

• This invention relates to steel weld deposits; more particularly it relates to low alloy high strength steel weld deposits characterized by improved toughness and superior resistance to thermal degradation during stress relief.
• Other mechanical properties of our new weld deposits, such as percent elongation, tensile strength, reduction of area, hardness and yield strength-to-tensile strength ratio remain satisfactory after such stress relief.
• our new weld deposits were developed in connection with a study of the HY-/ 150 area, which currently requires a 130K s.i. minimum yield strength, although they have been found broadly to have yield strengths which are selectable between about 90K s.i. and about K s.i.
• our weld deposits are characterized by a novel balance of those chemical elements which have proven most effective in the as-welded grades, and also by a retention of the earlier emphasis on limitations in the harmful elements phosphorus and sulfur to levels below .020 percent by weight and preferably below .012 percent by Weight.
• a particularly attractive aspect of our weld deposits is that they may exhibit desirable stress-relieved properties when deposited with low hydrogen lime-fluoride covered electrodes utilizing conventional commercial quality rimmed steel core wires.
• Such electrodes which were the chosen means for producing weld deposits which established the existence and limitations of our invention, ofler significant economic advantages over the simpler but much more expensive high purity wire and gas-metal-arc (GMA) processes which are also applicable and which have heretofore been widely used in investigating and producing HY-l30/ weld metals.
• GMA gas-metal-arc
• a low alloy high strength steel weld deposit of high toughness and superior resistance to thermal degradation which, after a stress relief consisting of a 16-hour soak at 1025 F. followed by cooling at a rate of 200 F. per hour, has Charpy V-notch impact strength of at least 20 ft.-lbs. at 60 F. at yield strength levels which are selectable between about 90K s.i. and about 145K s.i., the deposit consisting essentially of In a preferred form the deposit consists essentially of Percent by weight Carbon max .10 Manganese .35.75 Silicon .25.55 Chromium .21.35
• Iron Balance In embodiments especially suited for use in welding HY-130/150 base material we provide a low alloy steel weld deposit having a yield strength of at least 130K s.i. and Charp'y' V-notch energy absorption at -60 F. of at least 20 ft.-lbs. after being stress relieved by soaking for 16 hours at 1025 F. followed by cooling at a rate of 200 F. per hour, the deposit consisting essentially of Percent by weight Specific Element Broad Preferred example Carbon 05-. 12 07-. 10 08 Manganese 25-. 9 35-. 75 5 Silicon 20-. 70 25-. 55 4 Ghrom1um 6-2. 75-1. 35 l. 0 Nickel 2. 0-4. 3. 0-4. 0 3. 5 Molybdenum 3-1. 2 6-1. 0 75 Phosphorus 020 012 01 Sulfur 020 012 01 Iron Balance Balance Balance 1 Maximum.
• the gastungsten-arc (GTA) process with pro-alloyed high purity filler metal additions which provides the highest purity weld metal, can be expected to be optimum for producing our deposits; somewhat lower on the scale, although still very good, is the GMA process utilizing argon-oxygen or equivalent shielding gases and pre-alloyed electrode wire.
• GTA gastungsten-arc
• the low hydrogen lime-fluoride covered electrode which we have used for producing our deposits meets a general specification for this class of electrode, and consists of a mild steel core and a lime-fluoride coating thereon, the electrode containing by weight about 45 percent to about percent core and about 20 percent to about 55 percent coating, the coating containing by weight of the electrode up to about 30 percent iron powder and alloying metal powder, about 2 percent to about 7 percent deoxidizer metal powder, about 4 percent to about 15 percent metal fluoride, about 5 percent to about 15 percent alkaline earth carbonate, 0 to about 10 percent slag builder and modifier and about .5 percent to about 8 percent inorganic binder material.
• we have chosen to supply all alloy by way of the coating for reasons of economy in our electrode, it is of course possible to introduce all or part of the alloy through the core wire.
• Core wire Type-conventional commercial-quality rimmed steel Chemistry-0.07% C, 0.50% Mn, 0.005% Si,
• Table 1 lists constant parameters maintained throughout a test series run with diameter low hydrogen lime-fluoride covered electrodes to compare the performance of our Weld deposits with other weld deposits of essentially the same as-Welded strength.
• This series was designed primarily to explore the general HY-l30/ 150 area.
• a major eflort was made to keep the welding of all test plates identical within the limitations inherent in shielded metal arc welding. Only one welder and one power source were used throughout the series. All test weldments were made in the Hat position using reverse polarity direct current. Multipass Welds were preparing using stringer beads and a temper bead deposition sequence.
• Welding parameters were controlled so that a calculated heat input of 30:2 kilojoules per inch would be maintained. Each pass in the test weldment was completed with one electrode only and no starts or stops were located in the test area. Preheat and interpass temperatures of the test weldment were maintained at 250:25 F. In an attempt to preclude any hydrogen-caused cracks in the deposit a. one hour minimum interpass delay time was used. All Weldmetal tensile bolts (.357" diameter) and Charpy V-notch impact specimens were machined from the deposits and tested both in the as-welded condition and after a 16-hour soak at 1025 F. followed by cooling at a rate of 200 F. per hour.
• I N/D Not determined-estimated at less than .010 percent; in same range as Deposits A through F.
• Deposits F, J and R meet the requirements for HY-130/ 150 type weld metals, showing yield strengths greater than 13 UK s.i. both as-Welded and after stress relief; deposits M and -P are somewhat lower than 130K s.i. in yield strength but still show excellent overall properties both as-welded and after stress relief.
• Deposit D contains 1.09 percent manganese and .50 percent chromium; deposit F, a preferred embodiment of our improved weld deposits for use in TABLE 3 [As-welded weld deposit mechanical properties] Yield strength Elonga- Reduc- Charpy V-notch energy absorp- (0.2% Tensile Yield] tion in tion 01 tion, it.-1b. Deposit oflset) strength, tensile 1.4 in., area, Number K s.i K s.i. ratio percent percent F. F. -60 F.
• weld deposits F, J, M, P and R are examples of our improved weld deposits. While the other deposits shown are outside the compositional limits of our improved weld deposits in respect to one or more the HY-130/ area, is virtually identical to deposit D except that it contains .56 percent manganese and .98 percent chromium, just the reverse of the quantities of those elements in deposit D. The lower limit of .25 percent on manganese is effective in avoiding possible problems due to insufiicient tying up of sulfur with manganese below this level.
• a stress relieved composite which has been subjected to soaking for 16 hours at 1025 F. followed by cooling 8 at a rate of 200 per hour comprising a base consist ing essentially of Percent by weight having thereon a weld deposit consisting essentially of Percent by weight Carbon .05-.l2 Manganese .25-.9 Silicon .20'.7 0 Chromium .6-2J0 Nickel 2.0-4.5 Molybdenum .3-1.2 Phosphorus max .020 Sulfur max .020

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Arc Welding In General (AREA)
• Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (2)

• 1969
  • 1969-12-30 US US889320A patent/US3667924A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1970
  • 1970-12-04 CA CA099,825A patent/CA948001A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-12-15 DE DE2061606A patent/DE2061606C3/de not_active Expired
  • 1970-12-18 GB GB6034270A patent/GB1306410A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-12-29 BE BE760986A patent/BE760986A/fr unknown
  • 1970-12-29 FR FR7047089A patent/FR2074430A5/fr not_active Expired

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