US3683620A - Arrangement for protecting a steam treatment device against excess pressure - Google Patents

Arrangement for protecting a steam treatment device against excess pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3683620A
US3683620A US861613A US3683620DA US3683620A US 3683620 A US3683620 A US 3683620A US 861613 A US861613 A US 861613A US 3683620D A US3683620D A US 3683620DA US 3683620 A US3683620 A US 3683620A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steam
pressure
turbine
speed
treatment device
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Expired - Lifetime
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US861613A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cornelis Kalverboer
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
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Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D13/00—Control of linear speed; Control of angular speed; Control of acceleration or deceleration, e.g. of a prime mover
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F01D21/14—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to other specific conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved arrange-ment for a steam-turbine plant for protecting a container enclosed steam treatment device such as a water separator against excess pressure, the device being arranged in the working steam pipe line between two series-connected turbines, with a control-system controlled by a speed-governor and a safety system independent of the control system and controlled by a speed-monitor, each system acting on a steam shutoffdevice in each live-steam pipe.
  • the build-in of the steam shutoff devices has the effect that excess pressure can occur in the water-separator, for example, as a result of the steam-shut-off devices in the working steam pipe to the low-pressure section being closed or kept closed in error, while the steam-shutoff devices in the live-steam pipe are open or are opening.
  • Safety valves or bursting discs or sometimes even both are usually provided for the purpose of protection against impermissibly high pressure in the waterseparator or similar container.
  • the absorption factor of these devices is worked out for the maximum quantity of live-steam, which together with the low pressure to the container results in an increase of the necessary pipelines with a corresponding amount of space and becoming expensive.
  • One system includes a governor which controls the control valves of the turbine.
  • the second includes a speed-monitor, so known as a safety-govemor, which closes the main-stop valves of the turbine when a limiting speed is exceeded and usually also gives a closure instruction signal to the control valves.
  • the present invention has, for its principal object, to provide an improved arrangement for protecting a container enclosed steam treatment device such as a water separator located in the work steam line between the high and low pressure turbine sections of a steam turbine plant against over-pressures which includes two mutually independently operating steam shut-off systems responsive to shaft speed but which avoids the disadvantages inherent in prior known protective arrangements incorporating dual control systems for effecting cut-off.
  • this objective is achieved by an arrangement in which the dual systems are also made to function in response to the working steam pressure in such a manner that if the working steam should exceed a predetermined permissible pressure limit, closure of the steam shut-off devices is likewise effected.
  • FIG. I diagrammatically illustrates an example of embodiment in the form of a steam-turbine plant with two oil-pressure systems and FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a modification of the plant depicted in FIG. 1.
  • a steam-generator l for example, a reactor, supplies saturated steam or superheated steam which flows via a live-steam pipeline 2 to the high-pressure section 3 of the turbine and via a working steam pipeline 4, after de-hydration in the water-separator 5 to the low-pressure section 6 of the turbine and thereafter to a condenser 7.
  • a steam control valve 8 and a safety shut-off valve 9 are incorporated in series in the live-steam pipe 2 between steam generator 1 and the high pressure turbine section 3 and a steam control valve 10 and safety shut-off valve 11 are installed in series in the working steam pipe 4 between the water-separator 5 and the low-pressure section 6.
  • the steam turbine is doubly protected against overspeeding by two mutually independent oil-pressure systems, each acting on a shut-off-device in the livesteam pipe 2 and in the working steam pipe 4.
  • a speed governor 15 controls an outlet 16 from a first controloil system 17 which is fed with oil at constant pressure from a suitable source via a throttle organ 18.
  • the steam control valves 8 and 10 are controlled by this control-oil system.
  • governor 15 opens the outlet 16 to the oil return sump to a more open position, the pressure in the control-oil system decreases correspondingly and the control valves 8 and 10 move in the closing direction to reduce steam flow through the steam pipes 2 and 4.
  • a speed-monitor 19 opens an outlet 20 from the second or safety oil system 21 which is fed with oil at constant pressure via a throttle organ 22. Opening of the outlet 20 causes a decrease of pressure in the safety oil system 21, and the safety valves 9, 11 move from their normally open position to a fully closed position, thus shutting off the steam flow.
  • valve 10 first of all begins to open as soon as the pressure in the control-oil system 17 rises, for example to 0.5 atmosphere.
  • the control valve 8 also begins to open.
  • valve 10 is already fully open; meanwhile the maximum quantity of steam on fully opened control valve 8 is reached until the control-oil pressure is about 5 atmospheres.
  • Such pressure can be set up only if a fault occurs in one of the hydraulic servomotors provided for operation of the valves 10 or 11.
  • the invention provides a pressure-limiter 23 which is connected to the working steam pipe 4 and opens a second outlet 24 to the oil return sump in the control-oil system 17 when a pressure-limit in the working steam pipe is exceeded.
  • a pressure-monitor 25 in communication with the working steam pipe 4, which monitor opens an additional outlet 26 to the oil sump return line in the safety oil system 21 when the pressure limit, which may be equal to or somewhat greater than that to which the pressure-limiter 23 responds, is exceeded in the working steam pipe.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates basically the same plant as in FIG. 1, but wherein the water-separator built into the working steam pipe 4 is combined in one structural unit 27 with a superheater. It is heated by means of a steam feed pipe line 12 with steam from generator 1 at a higher pressure than that of the working steam in the water-separator safety shut-off valves 13 and 14 in series are built into the steam feed pipe line 12.
  • Valve 13 controlled by connection to the normal control system 17, and the valve 14 to the back-up or safety system 21, with the result that as the shaft speed increases and these systems become consequently pressureless, the valves 13 and 14 and also the control and safety shut-off valves in the live-steam pipe close. This prevents the rise of an impermissibly high excess pressure in the water-separator in the case of a tube-fracture in the steam-heated tube-bundle which was not noticed during operation.
  • This method ensures that both existing speed-dependent oil-pressure systems act in response to the working-steam pressure, i.e. that each of these systems is controlled either by the speed or by the working-steam pressure.
  • the advantage attainable by the invention resides, on the one hand, in that it is not necessary to provide a new regulating or safety system since the existing systems are now influenced by two operational main facts i.e. speed and steam pressure.
  • speed and steam pressure On the other hand, only little structural expense is necessary to achieve a degree of security against excessive pressure in the water-separator which is just as great as the usual and widely proved security against an impermissible increase in turbine speed. The safety of operation of the whole plant is therefore essentially increased.
  • the invention may be used in the same manner if there is not only one but a plurality of live-steam pipes each equipped with a safety shut-off valve. Furthermore, mention is made throughout the description of only one valve for the sake of simplicity, but it is quite obvious that there may be a whole set in each case. Attention is also drawn to the fact that the same working steam pressure exists in the working steam pipe and in the container enclosed steam treatment device which is to be protected from excess pressure.
  • the impulse for the correlative responsible acting of the primary control system and the secondary safety system may therefore be taken from the working steam
  • the shut-off devices arranged in the steam-pipes ahead of the low-pressure turbine do not have to be connected to the same systems as the shut-off devices in the live-steam pipe as assumed in the illustrated examples of the embodiment. It is then all the more likely for them to be closed with error and the pressure increases in the working steam pipe and also in the container enclosed steam treatment device which is protected.
  • a steam turbine plant comprising a steam generator, a high pressure turbine, a low ressure turbine shaft-c upled with said high pressure urbine, a steam pipe me leading from said steam generator through said high and low pressure lines in series, a container-enclosed steam treatment device located in said steam line between said high and low pressure turbines, a first steam control system controlled by a governor responsive to actual turbine speed and which actuates a steam regulating valve disposed in said steam line in advance of said high pressure turbine for regulating steam flow in relation to speed, a second steam control system controlled by a speed monitor and which responds upon attainment of a turbine speed exceeding a predetermined limit value to actuate to its closed position a safety shut-off valve disposed in said steam line in advance of said high pressure turbine, steam pressure monitoring means located in said steam line between said high and low pressure turbines for continuously monitoring the pressure of the steam entering the container of said steam treatment device while the turbine plant is in operation, and means actuated by said steam pressure monitoring means when the steam pressure exceed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
US861613A 1968-10-14 1969-09-29 Arrangement for protecting a steam treatment device against excess pressure Expired - Lifetime US3683620A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1531668A CH488930A (de) 1968-10-14 1968-10-14 Einrichtung zur Sicherung eines Behälters gegen Überdruck

Publications (1)

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US3683620A true US3683620A (en) 1972-08-15

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US861613A Expired - Lifetime US3683620A (en) 1968-10-14 1969-09-29 Arrangement for protecting a steam treatment device against excess pressure

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US (1) US3683620A (da)
JP (1) JPS5021602B1 (da)
BE (1) BE740208A (da)
CH (1) CH488930A (da)
DE (1) DE1812537A1 (da)
DK (1) DK131205B (da)
ES (1) ES372442A1 (da)
FR (1) FR2020633A1 (da)
GB (1) GB1281918A (da)
NL (1) NL6900538A (da)
SE (1) SE397707B (da)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4080790A (en) * 1976-08-02 1978-03-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Safety system for a steam turbine installation
CN112610290A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-04-06 宜昌华直能源开发有限公司 一种减温减压器自动投入方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3097487A (en) * 1963-07-16 clark
US3140588A (en) * 1960-12-29 1964-07-14 Gen Electric Reactor-turbine control system
CA733350A (en) * 1966-05-03 C. Callan Patrick Electro-hydraulic control system for turbine with pressure feedback
US3360939A (en) * 1965-12-15 1968-01-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Reducing the potential overspeed of turbine-generators
US3427464A (en) * 1964-08-13 1969-02-11 Parsons & Co Ltd C A Speed governing systems for steam turbines
US3472209A (en) * 1967-09-07 1969-10-14 Sulzer Ag Apparatus for separating water from wet steam prior to superheating of the steam

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3097487A (en) * 1963-07-16 clark
CA733350A (en) * 1966-05-03 C. Callan Patrick Electro-hydraulic control system for turbine with pressure feedback
US3140588A (en) * 1960-12-29 1964-07-14 Gen Electric Reactor-turbine control system
US3427464A (en) * 1964-08-13 1969-02-11 Parsons & Co Ltd C A Speed governing systems for steam turbines
US3360939A (en) * 1965-12-15 1968-01-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Reducing the potential overspeed of turbine-generators
US3472209A (en) * 1967-09-07 1969-10-14 Sulzer Ag Apparatus for separating water from wet steam prior to superheating of the steam

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4080790A (en) * 1976-08-02 1978-03-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Safety system for a steam turbine installation
CN112610290A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-04-06 宜昌华直能源开发有限公司 一种减温减压器自动投入方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE740208A (da) 1970-03-16
NL6900538A (da) 1970-04-16
FR2020633A1 (da) 1970-07-17
GB1281918A (en) 1972-07-19
CH488930A (de) 1970-04-15
DK131205C (da) 1975-11-10
SE397707B (sv) 1977-11-14
JPS5021602B1 (da) 1975-07-24
DE1812537A1 (de) 1970-05-27
ES372442A1 (es) 1971-10-16
DK131205B (da) 1975-06-09

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