US3684745A - Special electrodes for light arc furnaces - Google Patents
Special electrodes for light arc furnaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3684745A US3684745A US7236A US3684745DA US3684745A US 3684745 A US3684745 A US 3684745A US 7236 A US7236 A US 7236A US 3684745D A US3684745D A US 3684745DA US 3684745 A US3684745 A US 3684745A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- electrodes
- titanium
- arc furnaces
- light arc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960005196 titanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003586 thorium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/06—Electrodes
- H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
- H05B7/085—Electrodes non-consumable mainly consisting of carbon
Definitions
- alkali and earth alkali compounds which primarily have to be introduced by a post-impregnating operation into the electrodes, have high stabilizing effects they bring about an increased electrode wear in view of the ability of the metals to react with graphite and are not suitable for economical reasons.
- Other substances, such as thorium compounds, which like-wise have good stabilizing effects are not to be used in view of radioactive dangers.
- the present invention is based on certain findings encountered when producing cored carbon for electrodes of movie projectors, a type of arc carbon, the manufacturing knowledge of which has heretofore not been taken into consideration in connection with the elimination of flickering. It has been found that additions to the wick or core in the form of titanium compounds greatly add in the improvement of a stable burning of kinocarbons. It has now been attempted to find out whether independently of the presence of a core, as it is used in the form of special mass from rare earth employed with tar/pitch and/ or synthetic resins with and without additions for filling in a central cavity of kinocarbons, titanium compounds will also with massive electrodes exert a stabilizing effect and also with relatively small additions exert a stabilizing effect.
- the surprising result described in the present invention confirm these ideas and brought about a stabilization of the burning behavior of large electrodes 3,684,745 Patented Aug. 15, 1972 in a light are furnace almost up to the stabilized operation of a direct current are.
- the considerable advantages need not be specifically recited.
- the stabilizing titanium compounds may from the very start, as is known with possible additions for influencing the expansion and graphitizing behavior of graphite electrodes, be added directly to the starting mixture and Withstand the graphitizing operation at approximately 2,600 C.
- the stabilizing titanium compounds convert primarily to titanium carbide so that an additional working step will be superfluous.
- the complicated method as is required by the hollow electrode operation with gas stabilization becomes superfluous.
- titanium compounds as, for instance, Ti0 or Ti-metal in order to obtain the desired stabilizing effect during the later light arc operation of the finished electrode.
- Additions in the amount of from 0.5 to 6%, of which already 3% will bring about very good results, will generally suffice for the desired stabilizing effect.
- the titanium compounds may be introduced also into the already finished electrodes, and this may be effected by a post-impregnating operation.
- EXAMPLE 40% by weight of oil coke with a granular size of from 2 to 4 mm.
- the thus obtained substance was then further processed in a manner customary with the manufacture of carbon and graphite electrodes by mixing, pressing, glowing, and graphetizing, while the stabilizing effect of titanium-dioxide was not harmfully affected thereby.
- titanium dioxide may have a granular size of less than %000 mm.
- An electrode for a light are furnace, said electrode being composed of a mixture of carbon and a titanium compound in the amount of 0.5% to 6%, graphitized to form an electrode consisting of titanium carbide and the remainder of carbon.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Discharge Heating (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1904672A DE1904672C3 (de) | 1969-01-31 | 1969-01-31 | Elektrode aus Elektrographit für Uchtbogenöfen zur Erzeugung von Stahl |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3684745A true US3684745A (en) | 1972-08-15 |
Family
ID=5723853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US7236A Expired - Lifetime US3684745A (en) | 1969-01-31 | 1970-01-30 | Special electrodes for light arc furnaces |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3684745A (de) |
| AT (1) | AT297355B (de) |
| BE (1) | BE745163A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA930537A (de) |
| CH (1) | CH525595A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE1904672C3 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI49095C (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2029773A1 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB1277620A (de) |
| LU (1) | LU60237A1 (de) |
| NO (1) | NO125424B (de) |
| SE (1) | SE352509B (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4042656A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1977-08-16 | Vladimir Petrovich Chviruk | Graphite-base filling material for the decomposition of alkali metal amalgams and method of producing same |
| DE10343687A1 (de) * | 2003-09-20 | 2005-04-21 | Sachtleben Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Haltbarkeit von Kohlenstoff- oder Graphitelektroden durch Einsatz von TiO¶2¶-haltigen Produkten |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2193225B (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1990-09-19 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Carbon electrodes |
-
1969
- 1969-01-31 DE DE1904672A patent/DE1904672C3/de not_active Expired
- 1969-10-21 CH CH1571669A patent/CH525595A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-11-14 SE SE15674/69A patent/SE352509B/xx unknown
- 1969-12-03 FI FI693500A patent/FI49095C/fi active
- 1969-12-12 GB GB60668/69A patent/GB1277620A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-12-20 NO NO5058/69A patent/NO125424B/no unknown
-
1970
- 1970-01-20 AT AT49570A patent/AT297355B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-01-27 LU LU60237D patent/LU60237A1/xx unknown
- 1970-01-29 FR FR7003070A patent/FR2029773A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1970-01-29 BE BE745163D patent/BE745163A/xx unknown
- 1970-01-30 CA CA073508A patent/CA930537A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-01-30 US US7236A patent/US3684745A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4042656A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1977-08-16 | Vladimir Petrovich Chviruk | Graphite-base filling material for the decomposition of alkali metal amalgams and method of producing same |
| DE10343687A1 (de) * | 2003-09-20 | 2005-04-21 | Sachtleben Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Haltbarkeit von Kohlenstoff- oder Graphitelektroden durch Einsatz von TiO¶2¶-haltigen Produkten |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT297355B (de) | 1972-03-27 |
| BE745163A (fr) | 1970-07-01 |
| DE1904672A1 (de) | 1970-08-20 |
| DE1904672C3 (de) | 1975-07-24 |
| FI49095C (fi) | 1975-03-10 |
| FI49095B (de) | 1974-12-02 |
| NO125424B (de) | 1972-09-04 |
| DE1904672B2 (de) | 1974-12-19 |
| LU60237A1 (de) | 1970-04-01 |
| FR2029773A1 (de) | 1970-10-23 |
| SE352509B (de) | 1972-12-27 |
| CA930537A (en) | 1973-07-24 |
| CH525595A (de) | 1972-07-15 |
| GB1277620A (en) | 1972-06-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3676371A (en) | High output electrode with stabilized electric arc | |
| US3055789A (en) | Process of joining carbon bodies | |
| US4079185A (en) | Method and apparatus for the melt reduction of iron oxides | |
| US2185679A (en) | Arc lamp cathodes | |
| US3714493A (en) | Compact metal halide arc lamp containing primarily mercury iodide | |
| GB837330A (en) | A process for the protection of carbon electrodes for electric furnaces | |
| US3313976A (en) | Joined arc carbons | |
| US3715440A (en) | Electric arc stabilization in electric arc melting using carbon electrodes | |
| NO125424B (de) | ||
| US2140881A (en) | Intensive electric arc carbon | |
| US2422038A (en) | Anodes for intensive arcs | |
| US3089855A (en) | Oxygen liberating composition | |
| US3554830A (en) | Production of graphite bodies | |
| US2229227A (en) | Direct current carbon arc system | |
| US3461339A (en) | Electric arc stabilization in electric arc melting using carbon electrodes | |
| US3105290A (en) | Cathode for electron discharge device | |
| US3597271A (en) | Method of producing air stable alkaline-earth metal oxide while avoiding eutectic melting | |
| US1189265A (en) | Electrode. | |
| US1244358A (en) | Arc-lamp electrode. | |
| US3270239A (en) | Solar simulation apparatus | |
| US2282533A (en) | Direct current negative carbon | |
| US1049854A (en) | Luminous or flaming | |
| US1665636A (en) | Activation of electron-emission material | |
| US1240700A (en) | Incandescent tungsten lamp. | |
| US2747128A (en) | Direct current negative carbon electrode |