US3688461A - Framework for building structures - Google Patents

Framework for building structures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3688461A
US3688461A US38214A US3688461DA US3688461A US 3688461 A US3688461 A US 3688461A US 38214 A US38214 A US 38214A US 3688461D A US3688461D A US 3688461DA US 3688461 A US3688461 A US 3688461A
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Prior art keywords
junction elements
columns
arms
building structure
junction
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US38214A
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Eberhard G Rensch
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/1909—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor with central cylindrical connecting element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B2001/0053—Buildings characterised by their shape or layout grid
    • E04B2001/0084—Buildings with non right-angled horizontal layout grid, e.g. triangular or hexagonal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E04B2001/193—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section with flattened connecting parts, e.g. ends
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1933—Struts specially adapted therefor of polygonal, e.g. square, cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1936—Winged profiles, e.g. with a L-, T-, U- or X-shaped cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
    • E04B2001/1963—Screw connections with axis at an angle, e.g. perpendicular, to the main axis of the strut
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1987—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework triangular grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2406—Connection nodes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2409—Hooks, dovetails or other interlocking connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2472—Elongated load-supporting part formed from a number of parallel profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2481—Details of wall panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/34—Branched
    • Y10T403/341—Three or more radiating members
    • Y10T403/345—Coplanar

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A framework for building structures and the like in gzfiggzijzg ⁇ g is gif which a triangle-grid lattice is formed in a horizontal Feb. 27 1970 Germany ..P 20 09 252.8 Plane star-shaped junctiO elemens having radial arms and beams and girders connecting these ele- 52 US.
  • Latticeworks e.g. planar latticeworks, skeletons and trestles, and also three-dimensional latticeworks, are being used to an ever-increasing extent in building work for the erection of single-story and multi-story buildings.
  • Planar latticeworks are known whose girders forming the horizontal plane are arranged in a 60 grid system. These girders are associated with one-piece or multipiece supporting columns which have a star-shaped cross-section and limbs directed radially outwardly to form angles of 60 with one another.
  • the connection of the horizontal girders is efiected by means of supporting columns and at the places at which it is possible, or necessary, to dispense with a column, through the agency of junction elements. The tensile stresses which occur are taken up by the columns and the junction elements.
  • Aluminum is preferably used as the material for this kind of skeleton or trestle, but it is also possible to use any other suitable material as long as it possesses sufficient strength.
  • the individual parts are produced by extrusion in extrusion presses.
  • Three-dimensional or spatial latticeworks consist of compressional members and tensional members joined together in a triangular frame arrangement in a suitable manner through the agency of junction elements. These members arranged in a specific manner form a system which can deflect forces and span wide spaces without support.
  • the junction elements and the connecting parts of the junction elements to the supporting piers are the most important parts of the spatial latticework.
  • the present invention has as its object the improvement of known latticeworks.
  • a latticework for the erection of buildings is characterized in that the horizontal plane consists of a system of bar members or girders arranged in a triangular grid system or in a triangular frame arrangement, the connection of which is effected through the agency of junction elements with star-shaped cross-section having radially disposed arms, the columns being attached to the junction elements.
  • the junction elements are each constructed as a simple star-shaped profile with intersecting profile arms. It is also possible to use junction elements consisting of a hollow-section or solid-section polygonal, more particularly hexagonal, core with arms which are attached to the corners and form the same angles with one another.
  • the latticework according to the invention affords the advantage that the tensile stresses of the skeleton or trestle are taken up only by the junction elements and the columns can be made from small sections which afford particularly advantageous connection possibilities, are advantageous from the insulation point of view, or do not require much material.
  • the system according to the invention constitutes a simplification as regards assembly, and also permits transition from the horizontal to the vertical, and vice versa, free from transition and connecting elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the horizontal plane of a planar framework according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of a hollow column from below in the direction towards the junction element
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of the junction element with the column
  • FIG. 4 shows a modification of the column-junction element connection in perspective
  • FIG. 5 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 1 but with two hollow columns
  • FIG. 6 shows a column combination in the form of a closed column
  • FIG. 7 shows a column combination with a base anchor
  • FIG. 8 shows a section through the base anchor
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of a junction element with a modified column form
  • FIG. 10 shows an exploded view of a column, a connecting part and a junction element
  • FIG. 11 shows a cross-section through the multi-part column according to the invention
  • FIG. 12 shows a side view of the column according to FIG. 1 1
  • FIG. 13 shows a sectional view along line XIII--XIII of FIG. 12,
  • FIG. 14, and 15 show sections through columns consisting only of two longitudinal profiles
  • FIG. 16 shows a cross-section through another column construction according to the invention
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the spatial or threedimensional latticework according to the invention.
  • FIG. 18 shows a junction point of the latticework in plan view
  • FIGS. 19 and 20 show perspective views of two bar member ends and
  • FIG. 21 shows a side view of a junction point.
  • FIG. 1 shows the planar latticework according to the invention, which consists of a network of preferably U- shaped girders 3 arranged in a grid pattern, which are connected through the agency of junction elements 2 which in profile or cross-section are hexagonal with radially disposed arms attached to the corners.
  • junction elements 2 which in profile or cross-section are hexagonal with radially disposed arms attached to the corners.
  • the core of these junction elements is illustrated as being hollow, but it may also be solid.
  • the columns according to the invention are connected to these junction elements.
  • the proposal, according to the present invention, of a horizontal planar structure comprising a network of girders preferably of equal length which are arranged in a triangular grid pattern and are connected through the agency of junction elements, and wherein the network is supported by means of column elements attached to the junction points, also affords advantages as regards possible variations in space distribution and prefabrica tion and also the advantage that the columns or column parts can be formed of small section members or section-member parts, since the tensile stresses are taken up by the junction elements.
  • the columns can be produced in extrusion presses such as are generally used in the metal and plastics industry.
  • the column constructions discussed hereinafter show various possibilities as to how the column sections can be constructed subject to the given requirements.
  • FIG. 2 shows a column part according to the invention which is connected to a junction element, as viewed from below in the direction towards the junction element and the girders of the horizontal plane.
  • the hollow column is designated as l, the junction ele ment as 2 and the U-shaped girders as 3.
  • the hollow column has sides 1a, 1b and 1c which are arranged at right angles to one another, whereas the fourth side 4 has a recess or indentation owing to an angular inclination of the two limbs 5.
  • the limbs S are arranged at an angle of 120. This angle corresponds to the angle a of a junction element corner, so that the straps 6, 7 projecting beyond the column body abut the webs of the junctionelement core 9 (FIG. 3) and are fastened thereto by means of the bolts 8.
  • Junction element and column parts are conveniently so dimensioned that the junction elements are not only bolted to the column parts but also bear thereon.
  • FIG. 3 shows clearly the two straps 6, 7 which project beyond the column body and which are secured to the column core by means of the bolts 8.
  • the U-shaped girders 3 have been omitted to facilitate easier understanding of the drawing.
  • the column has been broken off a short distance below the junction element.
  • FIG. shows a plan view according to FIG. 1, but in a detailed representation, namely in conjunction with various wall elements.
  • the junction element is again provided with the reference numeral 2.
  • two diametrically opposite hollow columns 1 are connected through the agency of angled connecting straps 10.
  • the U-shaped girders forming the horizontal grid and bolted to the arms of the junction element 2 are again designated by the reference numeral 3.
  • ledges 12 which serve for the abutment of wall parts or as a tongue of a tongue-and-groove connection between the wall elements and the columns.
  • the gap remaining between the hollow columns 1 thus serves in the illustrated example as a groove for the engagement of the tongue 13 of the wall part 14 which is connected at right angles to the course of the girders 3.
  • FIG. 5 The construction of a sandwich wall connected to the righthand hollow column is shown in FIG. 5.
  • panels 15, 16 for thermal insulation.
  • a plasterboard 1% is secured simply by means of a holding section member 17.
  • a moisture-proof insulation 19 on which a spacer 20 is arranged for forming a ventilatable intervening space and an outer skin 21 held preferably by means of a profiled strip 22.
  • a spacer 20 is arranged for forming a ventilatable intervening space and an outer skin 21 held preferably by means of a profiled strip 22.
  • bars 23 preferably made of hardwood, between which an insulating panel 25 can also be provided.
  • a section member (profile) 26, preferably made of aluminum can be applied as an outer skin through the agency of the bars 23.
  • the hollow columns may also be filled with a cast composition.
  • FIG. 6 shows in a diagrammatic view the arrangement of three hollow columns according to the invention which are arranged at an angle of relatively to one another, and which abut on one another without leaving any joint gap, forming a hexagonal hollow space. If only two columns forming an angle of 120 are provided, an outer cladding can be provided which in principle corresponds to that shown in FIG. 5, but is appropriately angled.
  • U- shaped anchoring parts can be provided as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the anchoring part 28 engages between the columns 1, the limbs 4 or 5 of the columns 1 being connected by bolts 29.
  • the base of the anchoring part 28 is bolted to the foundation.
  • This method of connection can also be used in the case of column parts which are arranged at an angle of 120 relatively to one another, since in that case each two column limbs 4, 5 are situated opposite one another.
  • FIG. 9 shows a modification of the hollow column 1 in a perspective view with the junction element 2 and the girders 3 forming the horizontal framing.
  • the column 1 is so constructed that it is given a U-shaped cross-section with outwardly inclined limbs in accordance with the individual junction element sectors, the base of the U corresponding to one side of the column core.
  • the limbs are connected to one another by the walls 1d. Connection need not be effected at the limb ends.
  • the limbs lb, 10' form an angle of 60 so that the junction element arms can abut on the columns.
  • the strap 6' formed on to the base side is connected by means of bolts 8' to the junction elements 2 as in the constructional arrangement shown in FIG. 2.
  • the column construction is also suitable for combination with one or more of the same type in dependence on static requirements and those due to the configuration of the walls.
  • FIG. 10 Another possible method of connecting a junction element 2 to a closed support 30 formed of three hollow columns 1 is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the connecting part is a hexagonal-section rod 31 which is hollow or solid and is dimensioned for engagement in the hollow space of the junction element 2 and that of the support 30.
  • the rod 31 is bolted or adhesively secured to the junction element core and/or the hollow columns 1.
  • the column constructions described hereinbefore permit right-angled connections and constitute an insulation owing to the hollow construction. In addition they offer the advantage of smooth outer surfaces. In contrast, hollow section members are difficult to produce and also cannot be produced on all extruders.
  • FIG. 11 shows a cross-section through a column 106 according to the invention of three longitudinal section members 107 which are Y-shaped in cross-section and wherein the two limbs 107a, 107b combined to form the column core are made shorter in the limb direction than the third, radially disposed limb 1070.
  • the ends 108a, 108b or the shorter limbs 107a, l07b are bent at an angle of 60 relatively to one another.
  • These bent-over portions 108a and l08b of the three longitudinal section members 107 forming a closed column abut on one another and can be connected to one another by adhesive securing of the abutting surfaces.
  • Another method of connection consists in ar' ranging a tongue or locking element 109 which has rhombus-like projections 109a for engagement in the grooves which are formed by the longitudinal section members and are open towards the interior of the column. If the connections formed by the limbs 107c of the longitudinal section members are not adequate, an additional Y-section longitudinal section member 100 can be provided which is adapted to be bolted to the column.
  • FIG. 12 shows a side view of the column shown in FIG. 11.
  • the length of the radially disposed limbs 1070 of the longitudinal section members is adjusted to that of the junction element 105.
  • FIG. 12 shows, three locking or tongue elements 109 are received in the column and bolted at 111 to the longitudinal section members.
  • the girders forming the horizontal plane are attached at 112 to the limbs of the junction elements.
  • FIG. 13 shows clearly how the junction element 102 engages about the girder end.
  • the tongue or locking element 109 can be made from aluminum or another suitable material, and it is not necessary for the tongue element 109 to fill the entire hollow space of the column, and instead it is sufiicient if the rhombusshaped portions 109a engage in the grooves of the longitudinal section members and are connected to one another by webs.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 A column 116 consisting of only two longitudinal section members 107 is shown in cross-section in FIGS. 14 and 15.
  • the two section members 107 are situated diametrally opposite and are connected by means of a locking element 112 which at opposite ends is rhombus-shaped for engagement in the grooves of the longitudinal section members.
  • FIG. 15 shows a longitudinal section member 113 which is to be arranged, and which is T-shaped in crosssection, the ends 114a of the transverse web 114 being bent-over upwards at an angle of 120.
  • the arrangement of this longitudinal section member permits right-angled connection to the longitudinal section members 107.
  • the supporting columns 116 engage in a junction element 102 in a similar manner to that described in connection with FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • FIG. 16 there is shown in cross-section a column which has a hexagonal core 121 with three radially disposed limbs 122 which form an angle of 120 with one another.
  • the construction represents the one-piece form of the column 106.
  • the one-piece column 120 like the multi-piece column 106, engages at its ends in the junction element 202, appropriate cutaways being made in the limbs. It is true that the one-piece column 120 requires larger presses for manufacture, but a considerable saving of material is achieved. It is possible according to the invention to provide no limb or only one limb, two limbs, four limbs, five or six limbs, instead of three.
  • FIG. 17 shows a perspective view of the latticework in space.
  • the lower 60 triangular grid is designated as 201 in the drawings, whereas the upper grid is designated by the reference numeral 202.
  • These two grids are connected by way of struts 203 which extend at an angle of 60 both to the members of the upper grid 202 and of the lower grid 201, so that an ordered plane latticework of tetrahedrons and half-octahedrons is formed.
  • the columns 204 attached to the junction points of the members are shown diagrammatically in the illustration.
  • FIG. 18 shows a plan view on to a junction point corresponding to point A of FIG. 17, which consists of the junction elements 205 and the compressional or tensional bar members which are bolted thereto and which are designated as 206 or 207 depending on the construction of the connecting flanges.
  • the junction element 205 consists of a star profile with six radially disposed profile arms 208 which form equal angles to one another.
  • the illustrated junction element 205 has a hollow core in the illustration.
  • the members 206 and 207 are generally tubular, but may also be solid.
  • the ends of the members 206 are formed to constitute a flange 209 which is provided with holes 210 for the insertion of screw bolts 211.
  • the members 207 on the other hand are provided with two flanges 212 which form an angle of 60 in accordance with the angle between the neighboring profile arms 208 of the junction element 205.
  • the holes for the screw bolts also have the reference numeral 210.
  • the ends of the members 207 engage between two neighboring limbs of the junction element star profile and abut on the one opposite side of the limbs 208.
  • the members 206 on the other hand are arranged on the free limb side.
  • the flanges of members attached near one another which abut on the two sides of a limb are bolted jointly.
  • FIG. 17 shows clearly, in the described constructional arrangement a member 207 with double flange arrangement alternates with two members 206 with single flange arrangement.
  • Nine members can be connected to a six-arm junction element.
  • the height of the junction elements is dependent on the static conditions and also the thickness of the members.
  • the members 206 in FIG. 17 are all situated in a single plane, whereas the members 207 extend at an angle of 60 upwards. In order to achieve this inclination, the member ends with the flanges are bent-over relatively to the members themselves (see FIG. 21). The bent,over members 207 correspond to the struts 203 in FIG. 17.
  • FIG. 21 shows a side view of the point B in FIG. 17, which represents a connection point of members 206 and 207 through the agency of a junction element prolonged to form a column 204.
  • the column 204 At the upper end of the column 204, corresponding to FIG. 18, six members 206 are arranged in a planeof which only three are visible.
  • the other three members 207 extend at an angle of 60 upwards and form parts of the strut means 203.
  • the length of the column 204 is to be adapted to particular requirements. With the use of star profile junction elements according to the invention, which when prolonged can be used as columns, the additional arrangement of connecting part is not necessary. But the other multi-piece and single-piece columns already described within the framework of the invention can also be used.
  • the columns constructed with a hollow core can be connected to the water mains, either in such an arrangement that water is introduced into the column interior or pipelines can be arranged within the column.
  • the possibility of introducing water if necessary will cool the columns in the case of fire, when there is no loss of load-bearing ability.
  • the supports can be perforated at the upper end for the outflow of water.
  • the control of water entry into the piers can be effected for example by temperature-sensitive elements.
  • a building structure comprising a horizontal latticework including a plurality of spaced-apart junction elements having angularly spaced outwardly extending arms, and beams connecting arms of the spaced junction elements and defining with one another triangles having said junction elements at the vertices thereof; and columns connected with the junction elements of the latticework and perpendicular thereto for vertical positioning of the latticework, each of said junction elements being of a star profile with at least some of the arms thereof being angularly offset from other arms by about 120, said columns flanking said junction elements and being laterally connected thereto.
  • junction elements are hollow profiles formed unitarily with said arms.
  • junction elements are generally prismatic and are formed with said arms at vertices of the prism.
  • junction elements rest vertically upon said columns, further comprising a core element traversing each junction element and the respective column.
  • the building structure as defined in claim 12 further comprising duct work interconnecting the interior of the columns and their upper and lower ends.
  • a building structure comprising a horizontal latticework including a plurality of spaced-apart junction elements having angularly spaced outwardly extending arms, and beams connecting arms of the spaced junction elements and defining with one another triangles having said junction elements at the vertices thereof; and columns connected with the junction elements of the latticework and perpendicular thereto for vertical positioning of the latticework, each of said junction elements being of a star profile with at least some of the arms thereof being angularly offset from other arms by about 120, said elements being hollow and of polygonal cross-section, said columns having complementary cross-sections and being received within said junction elements.
  • a building structure comprising a horizontal latticework including a plurality of spaced-apart junction elements having angularly spaced outwardly extending arms, and beams connecting arms of the spaced junction elements and defining with one another triangles having said junction elements at the vertices thereof; and columns connected with the junction elements of the latticework and perpendicular thereto for vertical positioning of the latticework, each of said junction elements being of a star profile with at least some of the arms thereof being angularly offset from other arms by about 120, said columns each being composed of three generally Y-shaped sections having inwardly turned tongues including angles of 120 with one another, and a core of generally hexagonal configuration formed with grooves angularly offset through 120 to receive said tongues and clamp said Y-shaped sections together.
  • a framework for a building structure comprismg:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
US38214A 1969-05-17 1970-05-18 Framework for building structures Expired - Lifetime US3688461A (en)

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DE1925262A DE1925262C3 (de) 1969-05-17 1969-05-17 Gerippekonstruktion mit Säulen
DE19691958878 DE1958878A1 (de) 1969-05-17 1969-11-24 Raumfachwerk
DE19702009252 DE2009252A1 (de) 1969-05-17 1970-02-27 Gerüst oder Skelett fur Bauwerke

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US3688461A true US3688461A (en) 1972-09-05

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JP (1) JPS5219004B1 (de)
AT (1) AT328680B (de)
BE (1) BE750283A (de)
CA (1) CA945728A (de)
CH (1) CH514041A (de)
DE (3) DE1925262C3 (de)
FR (2) FR2042712A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1310595A (de)
IE (1) IE34169B1 (de)
NL (1) NL7007076A (de)

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US3990195A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-11-09 Robert Reeves Gunther Hub for geodesic dome framework construction
US4034526A (en) * 1974-09-10 1977-07-12 Deslaugiers Francois G Structure for providing an architectural system and method for making such system
US4122646A (en) * 1977-06-08 1978-10-31 Research-Cottrell, Inc. Equilateral derrick structure
US4260276A (en) * 1980-04-16 1981-04-07 Phillips Martha E Geodesic dome connector
US4395154A (en) * 1981-10-01 1983-07-26 Phillips Martha E Geodesic dome connector
US4449843A (en) * 1981-11-30 1984-05-22 Space Structures International Corp. Octa hub
US4562681A (en) * 1985-02-05 1986-01-07 Gte Products Corporation Web section for a space frame
US4685258A (en) * 1984-12-05 1987-08-11 Alcol, Ltd. Access flooring system with increased load capacity
US5095677A (en) * 1986-09-22 1992-03-17 Les Concepts Polystand Inc. Combination for use in mounting a modular system
US5435110A (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-07-25 Aluminum Company Of America Method of joining of hollow framework and associated frame assembly
US5791806A (en) * 1996-12-12 1998-08-11 Modul International Gmbh Positionable connector for modular panels
US6102605A (en) * 1996-04-30 2000-08-15 Autokinetics, Inc. Cast corner node
US6223494B1 (en) * 1998-03-12 2001-05-01 Gary L. Bright Structural connector
US6286283B1 (en) * 1996-11-21 2001-09-11 Steve Kessler Modular structural system
US6622447B1 (en) 1996-11-21 2003-09-23 Steven Crawford Kessler Modular hub and strut structural system
US20040187426A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-09-30 Michael Callahan Structures and components thereof
US6814184B1 (en) 2001-02-27 2004-11-09 Lawrence Blinn, Jr. High rigidity vertical column member and structure and hoist platform system
US20050103326A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2005-05-19 Michael Callahan Lighting systems
US20050252161A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-17 Hovey David Jr Two-way architectural structural system and modular support member
EP1605111A1 (de) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-14 Capperucci, Donatella Modulares System und Verbindung für die Konstruktion von Rahmenwerken
US20060053726A1 (en) * 2004-08-31 2006-03-16 Reynolds Glenn A Connection node for a universal truss joint and double layer grid
US20070011983A1 (en) * 2004-08-31 2007-01-18 Reynolds Glenn A Space frames and connection node arrangement for them
US20070253766A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Jeffrey Alan Packer Cast structural connectors
US20090038263A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2009-02-12 Bernard Douet Composite pillar for junction connections on constructions and building frames
USD598277S1 (en) * 2007-03-16 2009-08-18 Huei Tyng Enterprise Co., Ltd. Connecting member
US7739841B1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2010-06-22 Excel Metal Building Systems, Inc. Framing in a building assembly
US20110239563A1 (en) * 2010-03-08 2011-10-06 Acciona Windpower, S.A. Wind generator tower and process for assembly thereof
US20110286121A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2011-11-24 Werner Extrusion Solutions LLC Node, apparatus, system and method regarding a frame support for solar mirrors
US20120137621A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2012-06-07 Ruuki Dortmund Gmbh Tower for a wind power plant
US20120192520A1 (en) * 2009-08-20 2012-08-02 Ying Chun Hsieh Light steel roof truss with structure of double continuous beam
US20120255255A1 (en) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-11 Juan Lin Aluminium alloy truss structure
US20120275847A1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Agco Corporation Adhesively bonded joint in agricultural boom structure
CN103866854A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-06-18 北京工业大学 节点刚接的装配式钢结构预应力中心支撑咬合拼接体系
CN103882959A (zh) * 2014-03-24 2014-06-25 北京工业大学 应用预应力咬合拼接的刚节点装配式钢结构中心支撑体系
CN103898963A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 一种模块化多高层装配式钢结构体系
CN103899021A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 一种刚性节点的装配式钢框架咬合拼接体系
CN103898969A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 一种刚性节点的装配式钢框架偏心支撑咬合拼接体系
CN103898972A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 节点刚接的装配式钢结构预应力偏心支撑咬合拼接体系
CN104032830A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-09-10 北京工业大学 一种节点刚接的模块化装配式钢结构偏心支撑体系
US9155295B2 (en) 2011-04-28 2015-10-13 Agco Corporation Modular agricultural boom structure
US9441372B2 (en) * 2012-06-15 2016-09-13 Ivo Swenters Structural member in framework structures
US20170130444A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Carbon Development Services, LLC Building frame connector and method of use
US20180127969A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-10 David T. Acquistapace Modular construction system and method
US11988415B2 (en) 2009-08-26 2024-05-21 Werner Extrusion Solutions, Llc Solar mirror array system, methods and apparatuses thereto
US11994743B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2024-05-28 Werner Extrusion Solutions LLC Solar trough frame, part and method

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DE2348943C2 (de) * 1972-09-29 1983-09-22 Etablissement Fresa, Vaduz Verbundstahlbetonskelett mit Pfosten und an den Pfosten angelenkten Stützträgern
DE2500754C2 (de) * 1975-01-10 1982-12-16 Alco Bauzubehör GmbH & Co, 3380 Goslar Gebäude aus vorgefertigten Bauelementen
DE3137202A1 (de) * 1981-09-18 1983-05-19 Ernst 6302 Lich Mühl Tragwerk oder dergl. und bauelemente hierfuer, insbesondere fuer kuppelbauten
US4745412A (en) * 1985-05-10 1988-05-17 Chu Associates, Inc. Lightweight tower assemblies for antennas and the like
US4878286A (en) * 1985-12-12 1989-11-07 General Electric Company Truss structure and method for construction thereof
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US3372518A (en) * 1962-09-22 1968-03-12 Rensch Eberhard Structural unit and structure incorporating same
US3374593A (en) * 1965-06-09 1968-03-26 Eberhard G. Rensch Structural assembly
US3396501A (en) * 1966-02-21 1968-08-13 Tate Architectural Products Elevated floor system of grounded metal panels
US3464172A (en) * 1967-01-10 1969-09-02 Andrew J Mcgee Jr Fire-resistant structural members for buildings

Cited By (67)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4034526A (en) * 1974-09-10 1977-07-12 Deslaugiers Francois G Structure for providing an architectural system and method for making such system
US3990195A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-11-09 Robert Reeves Gunther Hub for geodesic dome framework construction
US4122646A (en) * 1977-06-08 1978-10-31 Research-Cottrell, Inc. Equilateral derrick structure
US4260276A (en) * 1980-04-16 1981-04-07 Phillips Martha E Geodesic dome connector
US4395154A (en) * 1981-10-01 1983-07-26 Phillips Martha E Geodesic dome connector
US4449843A (en) * 1981-11-30 1984-05-22 Space Structures International Corp. Octa hub
US4685258A (en) * 1984-12-05 1987-08-11 Alcol, Ltd. Access flooring system with increased load capacity
US4562681A (en) * 1985-02-05 1986-01-07 Gte Products Corporation Web section for a space frame
US5095677A (en) * 1986-09-22 1992-03-17 Les Concepts Polystand Inc. Combination for use in mounting a modular system
US5435110A (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-07-25 Aluminum Company Of America Method of joining of hollow framework and associated frame assembly
US6102605A (en) * 1996-04-30 2000-08-15 Autokinetics, Inc. Cast corner node
US6286283B1 (en) * 1996-11-21 2001-09-11 Steve Kessler Modular structural system
US6622447B1 (en) 1996-11-21 2003-09-23 Steven Crawford Kessler Modular hub and strut structural system
US5791806A (en) * 1996-12-12 1998-08-11 Modul International Gmbh Positionable connector for modular panels
US6223494B1 (en) * 1998-03-12 2001-05-01 Gary L. Bright Structural connector
US6814184B1 (en) 2001-02-27 2004-11-09 Lawrence Blinn, Jr. High rigidity vertical column member and structure and hoist platform system
US20040187426A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-09-30 Michael Callahan Structures and components thereof
US20050103326A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2005-05-19 Michael Callahan Lighting systems
US20100132286A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2010-06-03 Hovey Jr David Two-Way Architectural Structural System and Modular Support Member
AU2005243304B2 (en) * 2004-05-06 2010-04-22 David Hovey Jr. Two-way architectural structural system and modular support member
AU2005243304C1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2010-10-07 David Hovey Jr. Two-way architectural structural system and modular support member
US20050252161A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-17 Hovey David Jr Two-way architectural structural system and modular support member
US20080053014A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2008-03-06 Hovey David Jr Two-way architectural structural system and modular support member
US7310920B2 (en) * 2004-05-06 2007-12-25 Hovey Jr David Two-way architectural structural system and modular support member
EP1605111A1 (de) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-14 Capperucci, Donatella Modulares System und Verbindung für die Konstruktion von Rahmenwerken
US7530201B2 (en) 2004-08-31 2009-05-12 Gossamer Space Frames Connection node for a universal truss joint and double layer grid
US7578109B2 (en) 2004-08-31 2009-08-25 Gossamer Space Frames Space frames and connection node arrangement for them
US20070011983A1 (en) * 2004-08-31 2007-01-18 Reynolds Glenn A Space frames and connection node arrangement for them
US20060053726A1 (en) * 2004-08-31 2006-03-16 Reynolds Glenn A Connection node for a universal truss joint and double layer grid
US20090038263A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2009-02-12 Bernard Douet Composite pillar for junction connections on constructions and building frames
US20070253766A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Jeffrey Alan Packer Cast structural connectors
US8701359B2 (en) * 2006-04-27 2014-04-22 Jeffrey Alan Packer Cast structural connectors
US20080204352A1 (en) * 2006-09-22 2008-08-28 Gossamer Space Frames Movable support armature for a curved reflector
US7587862B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2009-09-15 Gossamer Space Frames Movable support armature for a curved reflector
USD598277S1 (en) * 2007-03-16 2009-08-18 Huei Tyng Enterprise Co., Ltd. Connecting member
US7739841B1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2010-06-22 Excel Metal Building Systems, Inc. Framing in a building assembly
US20140102993A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2014-04-17 Werner Extrusion Solutions, Llc Node, Apparatus, System and Method Regarding a Frame Support for Solar Mirrors
US10240819B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2019-03-26 Werner Extrusion Solutions LLC Node, apparatus, system and method regarding a frame support for solar mirrors
US9140282B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2015-09-22 Werner Extrusion Solutions LLC Node, apparatus, system and method regarding a frame support for solar mirrors
US11994743B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2024-05-28 Werner Extrusion Solutions LLC Solar trough frame, part and method
US11713906B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2023-08-01 Werner Extrusion Solutions, Llc Node, apparatus, system and method regarding a frame support for solar mirrors
US20110286121A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2011-11-24 Werner Extrusion Solutions LLC Node, apparatus, system and method regarding a frame support for solar mirrors
US8627632B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2014-01-14 Werner Extrusion Solutions LLC Node, apparatus, system and method regarding a frame support for solar mirrors
US8474212B2 (en) * 2009-04-22 2013-07-02 Rautaruukki Oyj Tower for a wind power plant
US20120137621A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2012-06-07 Ruuki Dortmund Gmbh Tower for a wind power plant
US9803364B2 (en) * 2009-08-20 2017-10-31 Ying Chun Hsieh Light steel roof truss with structure of double continuous beam
US20120192520A1 (en) * 2009-08-20 2012-08-02 Ying Chun Hsieh Light steel roof truss with structure of double continuous beam
US11988415B2 (en) 2009-08-26 2024-05-21 Werner Extrusion Solutions, Llc Solar mirror array system, methods and apparatuses thereto
US20110239563A1 (en) * 2010-03-08 2011-10-06 Acciona Windpower, S.A. Wind generator tower and process for assembly thereof
US9175492B2 (en) * 2010-03-08 2015-11-03 Acciona Windpower, S.A. Wind generator tower and process for assembly thereof
US8782992B2 (en) * 2011-04-11 2014-07-22 Juan Lin Aluminium alloy truss structure
US20120255255A1 (en) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-11 Juan Lin Aluminium alloy truss structure
US8979415B2 (en) * 2011-04-28 2015-03-17 Agco Corporation Adhesively bonded joint in agricultural boom structure
US20120275847A1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Agco Corporation Adhesively bonded joint in agricultural boom structure
US9155295B2 (en) 2011-04-28 2015-10-13 Agco Corporation Modular agricultural boom structure
US9441372B2 (en) * 2012-06-15 2016-09-13 Ivo Swenters Structural member in framework structures
CN103898963A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 一种模块化多高层装配式钢结构体系
CN103899021A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 一种刚性节点的装配式钢框架咬合拼接体系
CN103898972A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 节点刚接的装配式钢结构预应力偏心支撑咬合拼接体系
CN103866854A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-06-18 北京工业大学 节点刚接的装配式钢结构预应力中心支撑咬合拼接体系
CN103898969A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-02 北京工业大学 一种刚性节点的装配式钢框架偏心支撑咬合拼接体系
CN104032830A (zh) * 2014-03-20 2014-09-10 北京工业大学 一种节点刚接的模块化装配式钢结构偏心支撑体系
CN103882959A (zh) * 2014-03-24 2014-06-25 北京工业大学 应用预应力咬合拼接的刚节点装配式钢结构中心支撑体系
US20170130444A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Carbon Development Services, LLC Building frame connector and method of use
US10119265B2 (en) * 2015-11-05 2018-11-06 Carbon Development Services, LLC Building frame connector and method of use
US20180127969A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-10 David T. Acquistapace Modular construction system and method
US10081938B2 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-09-25 David T. Acquistapace Modular construction system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1925262A1 (de) 1970-11-19
DE2009252A1 (de) 1971-09-02
BE750283A (fr) 1970-10-16
CH514041A (de) 1971-10-15
DE1925262B2 (de) 1980-12-18
FR2042712A1 (de) 1971-02-12
ATA439270A (de) 1975-06-15
AT328680B (de) 1976-04-12
JPS5219004B1 (de) 1977-05-25
NL7007076A (de) 1970-11-19
DE1925262C3 (de) 1981-10-08
DE1958878A1 (de) 1971-06-03
IE34169B1 (en) 1975-02-19
CA945728A (en) 1974-04-23
FR2072286A5 (de) 1971-09-24
GB1310595A (en) 1973-03-21

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