US3696809A - Method and apparatus for oral hygiene - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for oral hygiene Download PDF

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Publication number
US3696809A
US3696809A US849464A US3696809DA US3696809A US 3696809 A US3696809 A US 3696809A US 849464 A US849464 A US 849464A US 3696809D A US3696809D A US 3696809DA US 3696809 A US3696809 A US 3696809A
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Prior art keywords
frequency
pulses
pressure
per minute
peak pressures
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Expired - Lifetime
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US849464A
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English (en)
Inventor
Michel A Moret
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INST DE RECHERCHE ET DE DIFFUSION IND PGE
INST RECH DIFFUSION IND
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INST RECH DIFFUSION IND
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/0061—Air and water supply systems; Valves specially adapted therefor
    • A61C1/0084—Supply units, e.g. reservoir arrangements, specially adapted pumps
    • A61C1/0092—Pumps specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the p [58] Field of search' 66 224 tion frequency may be in the range of 600-6000 pul- 1 ses per minute, and advantageously above about 3000, I to clean the teeth effectively.
  • the modulation frequency may be in the range of 70-600 cycles per [56] References Cited minute, and advantageously less than about 300, to
  • the gum contrary to other surfaces of the body where a massage can stimulate the circulatory function, is a tissue with very little elasticity because of its anatomical and histological structure involving lack of subjacent muscular tissue, terminal circulation, loose attachment which renders it easily infectable, rigid attachment which reduces its elasticity, and its position directly on very hard organs (teeth and bone). Those anatomical factors do not allow, consequently, the use of high frequencies for massage such as can be used on other surfaces of the body.
  • the criterion for an effective massage of the gums is the rebound which becomes obvious by the intermittent change of its color, alternately changing from pink to white and vice versa.
  • the present invention eliminates this incompatibility.
  • a pulsating jet of liquid is employed, and pressure of the pulsating jet is modulated at a substantially lower frequency than that of the pulsations.
  • the pulsation frequency can be relatively high in order to clean the teeth effectively.
  • the modulation frequency is relatively low in order to allow full rebound of the gum tissue and therefore effective massage.
  • the actual frequencies employed may be selected to yield the most satisfactory cleaning and massaging under conditions expected to be encountered in use.
  • pulsating frequencies in the range of 600-6000 pulsations per minute may be used, and it is presently preferred to use frequencies of about 3000 per minute or more.
  • Modulating frequencies may be in the range of -600 cycles per minute, and it is presently preferred to use frequencies between 200 and 300 cycles per minute. It will be understood that the lower limit for pulsations and'the upper limit for modulation frequency are marginal, and would not be used simultaneously since the modulation frequency should be substantially lower than that of the pulsations. and in a ratio of about 1: l0.
  • pump 1 is driven by motor 2 through a coupling mechanism 3 at an adequate speed for the frequency of the jet pulsations.
  • Pump 1 contains a reciprocating piston such as shown in FIG. 9, and mechanism 3 may be an eccentric pin and slot mechanism of conventional construction.
  • Cleaning liquid usually water, is supplied to the pump in any desired manner, here indicated as a reservoir 4. Water from the reservoir is supplied to inlet chamber 5 (FIG. 2) of the pump.
  • Outlet chamber 6 connects through fitting 7 with flexible tube 8, at the end of which is nozzle 9.
  • a check valve 1 1 is slidably mounted in a support 12 in the outlet chamber 6, and is biased by spring 13 toward a closed position which restricts liquid flow through passage 14 from the outlet chamber to the inlet chamber.
  • the pump operates in a conventional manner.
  • the reciprocating piston (not shown in detail) communicates with the outlet chamber 6.
  • the check valve 11 On its downward or suction stroke the check valve 11 opens (moves to the right) and water is drawn from inlet chamber through passage 14 into outlet chamber 6.
  • check valve 11 On the upward or compression stroke, check valve 11.
  • Motor 2 also drives a reduction gear mechanism generally designated as 15, and selected to furnish the desired modulation frequency.
  • a link 16 is driven by an eccentric pin 17 on the last gear of the reduction mechanism.
  • the other end of link 16 is pivotally connected to a crank arm 20'attached to control rod 18. Consequently the reduction mechanism and link 16 causes crank arm20 .to oscillate, thereby angularly oscillating control rod 18.
  • Rod 18 is threaded at 19 so that the angular oscillation causes rod 18 to move axially back and forth a small distance.
  • a pin 21 mounted at the end of rod 18 engages the check valve 11, thereby controlling closure of the check valve.
  • FIG. 4 shows an unmodulated train of pulsations which would be produced in the outlet tube 8 if the modulation mechanism were not present.
  • FIG. 6 shows the same pulses on an expanded time scale. In general they risefrom a near zero pressure to a maximum pressure set by control rod 23.
  • FIG. 5 shows the modulated jet.
  • the pulsations vary from a maximum value at 27 to a minimum value at 28 in a cyclical manner. It will be noted that they minimum at 28 is substantially less than one-half the maximum at 27.
  • the degree of modulation may be determined by appropriate design of the modulating mechanism.
  • FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 5, except that the overall pressure level has been reduced by adjustment of rod 23.
  • I-Iere motor 31 directly drives piston 32 through an eccentric pin and slot mechanism 33.
  • a second piston 34 is driven by the motor through areduction gear 35 and pin and slot mechanism 36. Consequently piston 32 is reciprocated at the frequency of the pulsations and piston 34 is driven at the lower modulation frequency.
  • Associated with piston 32 is an inlet chamber 37 and an outlet chamber 38 with ;a checkvalve 39 therebetween.
  • the output to. tube 42 is a modulated pulsating stream of water similar to that produced by the apparatus of FIGS. 1-3.
  • the degree of modulation may be predetermined.
  • the modulation may be 100 percent if the individual discharge rates and the pressures of the pumps are the same.
  • control rod 43 which controls flow through the by-pass aperture 44 between inlet and outlet tubes.
  • the apparatus described enables an efficient washing and massaging to be. obtained.;
  • the washing function uses the kinetic energy of the jet pulsations to take away the food residues wedged into the interdental spaces, as well as for the cleaning of the subgingival marginsand the other generally unreachable tissues.
  • the jet can be pulsated at different overall pressure levels so as to comply with .treatment requirements.
  • the pulsating frequency is advantageously high, for example 3,000 pulsations per minute. Insofar as massage is concerned, the lower modulation frequency allows rebound of the gum tissues between successive maximum pressure peaks, thereby stimulating blood circulation in the gum tissues.
  • the modulation frequency to obtain a massage by rebound is still more efficient if it is nearly the same as the heart-stroke or one of its multiples. Accordingly, the frequency may be selected as a multiple of the heart-stroke frequency: 210 280 350 420 490 5 60 etc., cycles/min.
  • Apparatus for oral hygiene which comprises a pump unit, a jet nozzle, and a conduit connecting said pump unit with said jet nozzle, said pump unit including means for supplying a stream of spaced liquid pressure stream of liquid to said nozzle, a check valve between said chambers biased toward a closed position which restricts liquid flow from outlet to inlet chambers, a reciprocating piston for receiving liquid from said inlet chamber through said check valve and producing pulsations in said outlet chamber, and means for cyclically varying the closure of said check valve to thereby vary the pressure of the pulsations in said outlet chamber.
  • said pump unit includes a pair of reciprocating pistons and respective inlet and outlet chambers therefor, a pair of check valves between said inlet and outlet chambers respectfully, means for connecting said inlet chambers in common to a liquid supply, means for connecting said outlet chambers in common to said nozzle, and means for reciprocating said pistons at substantially different frequencies.
  • the method of cleaning the teeth and massaging the gums which comprises forming a pressure-modulating pulsating jet of spaced liquid pressure pulses which rise and fall between a low pressure and respective peak pressures and in which said peak pressures are cyclically reduced at a frequency substantially lower than the frequency of the pulses, and directing said pressure-modulated pulsating jet against the surfaces to be treated.
  • a method according to claim 8 in which the frequency of said pulses is in the range of about 600 6,000 pulses per minute and the frequency of said cyclical reduction in the peak pressures thereof is less than about 300 cycles per minute.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)
US849464A 1968-08-16 1969-08-12 Method and apparatus for oral hygiene Expired - Lifetime US3696809A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1240068A CH500709A (fr) 1968-08-16 1968-08-16 Appareil à hygiène buccale

Publications (1)

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US3696809A true US3696809A (en) 1972-10-10

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US849464A Expired - Lifetime US3696809A (en) 1968-08-16 1969-08-12 Method and apparatus for oral hygiene

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US (1) US3696809A (fr)
CH (1) CH500709A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2310143A (en) * 1996-02-15 1997-08-20 Bristol Myers Squibb Co Lavage instrument
USD397788S (en) 1996-08-21 1998-09-01 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Irrigation and suction instrument
US20050100512A1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2005-05-12 Daizo Corporation Intermittent injection aerosol product for skin
US8769753B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2014-07-08 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Ultrasonic teeth cleaning appliance having spatial, temporal and/or frequency variations
US11197745B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2021-12-14 Water Pik, Inc. Removable fluid connection fitting for oral irrigator

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1225547A (fr) * 1959-05-26 1960-07-01 Dispositif pour le traitement médicamenteux des dents
US3227158A (en) * 1961-05-08 1966-01-04 Aquatec Corp Method and apparatus for oral hygiene
US3401690A (en) * 1966-04-20 1968-09-17 Leonard G. Martin Ultrasonic dental cleaning and treatment device
US3547110A (en) * 1968-04-18 1970-12-15 Ultrasonic Systems Method and apparatus for maintaining tooth and gingival structures with ultrasonic energy

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1225547A (fr) * 1959-05-26 1960-07-01 Dispositif pour le traitement médicamenteux des dents
US3227158A (en) * 1961-05-08 1966-01-04 Aquatec Corp Method and apparatus for oral hygiene
US3401690A (en) * 1966-04-20 1968-09-17 Leonard G. Martin Ultrasonic dental cleaning and treatment device
US3547110A (en) * 1968-04-18 1970-12-15 Ultrasonic Systems Method and apparatus for maintaining tooth and gingival structures with ultrasonic energy

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2310143A (en) * 1996-02-15 1997-08-20 Bristol Myers Squibb Co Lavage instrument
US5882319A (en) * 1996-02-15 1999-03-16 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Lavage instrument
USD397788S (en) 1996-08-21 1998-09-01 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Irrigation and suction instrument
US20050100512A1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2005-05-12 Daizo Corporation Intermittent injection aerosol product for skin
US8187574B2 (en) * 2000-04-17 2012-05-29 Dazio Corporation Intermittent injection aerosol product for skin
US11197745B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2021-12-14 Water Pik, Inc. Removable fluid connection fitting for oral irrigator
US11432916B2 (en) 2006-02-24 2022-09-06 Water Pik, Inc. Oral irrigator with handle support
US11872097B2 (en) 2006-02-24 2024-01-16 Water Pik, Inc. Dental water jet with storage container reservoir cover
US8769753B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2014-07-08 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Ultrasonic teeth cleaning appliance having spatial, temporal and/or frequency variations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1936604A1 (de) 1970-02-19
DE1936604B2 (de) 1977-04-28
CH500709A (fr) 1970-12-31

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