US3698068A - Method of applying a metal plate to a refractory brick - Google Patents

Method of applying a metal plate to a refractory brick Download PDF

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Publication number
US3698068A
US3698068A US51223A US3698068DA US3698068A US 3698068 A US3698068 A US 3698068A US 51223 A US51223 A US 51223A US 3698068D A US3698068D A US 3698068DA US 3698068 A US3698068 A US 3698068A
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United States
Prior art keywords
metal plate
brick
metal
depressions
plate
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Expired - Lifetime
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US51223A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clarence G Norris
Woodrow W Merrick
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CLARENCE G NORRIS
WOODROW W MERRICK
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CLARENCE G NORRIS
WOODROW W MERRICK
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F27D1/06—Composite bricks or blocks, e.g. panels, modules
    • F27D1/08—Bricks or blocks with internal reinforcement or metal backing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49936—Surface interlocking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
    • Y10T29/53787—Binding or covering

Definitions

  • One end of the metal plate has an offset 7 [22] F'led: June 1970 which is received in the elongated groove.
  • the over- [21] A L N 51,223 lapping ends of the metal plate are connected by puncturing or welding to lock the overlapping ends together and to secure the metal plate to the brick.
  • a [52] U.S. Cl. ..29/509, 29/521, 29/243.57, method of applying a metal plate to a refractory brick 52/5991 1 13/1 16 FF is also provided. In this method, the brick is positioned lnt. Cl.
  • the present invention relates to furnace block comprising a refractory brick having a metal casing, and, more particularly, to a furnace block in which the metal casing extends completely around the exterior surface of the brick and has overlapping ends mechanically locked together and secured to the brick.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of and apparatus for applying a metal plate to a refractory brick.
  • furnace blocks comprising refractory bricks having metal casings are commonly used in the construction of furnaces.
  • This type of furnace block is particularly useful in furnaces designed to perform metal processing operations.
  • the heat generated within the furnace causes the metal casings of the furnace blocks to melt together to form a homogeneous lining for the furnace.
  • the fused metal of the casings adds to the mechanical strength of the furnace walls.
  • a portion of the metal of the casings is dispersed into the refractory material of the brick to adhere to the casing to the brick.
  • the furnace blocks used in the ceiling of the furnace provide a support, consisting of the fused metal of the casings, to which hangers or other devices can be attached. In view of the above characteristics of the furnace blocks, it is highly desirable to use them in the construction of industrial furnaces.
  • Prior art techniques of producing a metal casing for a refractory brick have used from one to four preformed metal plates on the exterior surfaces of the brick, with these plates being secured together by spot welding or secured to the brick with adhesives. In some instances it has been necessary to form elongated slots in the metal plates to facilitate bending of the plates into shapes conforming to the sides of the brick.
  • the most common arrangements for the metal casing have been (I) a one-piece metal casing made from a partially preformed metal plate and having its ends secured together with spot welds; (2) a pair of U- shaped metal plates overlapping on opposite sides of the refractory brick and secured together with spot welds; (3) a pair of U-shaped plates secured to the brick with adhesives and having ends abutting on posite sides of the brick; (4) a pair of L-shaped metal plates secured to the refractory brick with adhesives and having abutting ends at opposite corners of the brick; and (5) four L-shaped metal plates having overlapping ends on all surfaces of the refractory brick which are secured together with spot welds.
  • furnace blocks having metal casings secured by spot welding have been more desirable than furnace blocks having metal casings secured to the surface of the refractory brick with adhesives.
  • prior art furnace blocks having welded metal casings have been typically characterized by loose or poorly fitting casings having the disadvantages described above.
  • the use of preformed metal U-shaped plates does not permit compensation for variation in brick size.
  • Prior art casing arrangements which compensate for non-uniform brick size generally provide overlapping ends of the metal plates on all surfaces of the refractory brick. This overlapping arrangement requires an excessive amount of metal to encase refractory brick and, thus, increases the cost of producing the furnace block.
  • the present invention provides a furnace block having a metal casing which is tightly secured to a refractory brick.
  • the furnace block it is not necessary to use adhesives to insure that the brick will not slip out of its metal casing.
  • elongated slots be formed in the metal plate which forms the casing of the furnace block to insure that the metal plate is bent at the proper places to conform to the sides of the brick.
  • the metal casing of the furnace block is formed from a single metal plate which is bent into contact with the exterior surface of the refractory brick.
  • the metal casing as overlapping ends which are mechanically locked together by at least one deformation formed in the overlapping ends. The deformation in the overlapping ends of the metal casing also secures the casing to the refractory brick.
  • a furnace block in accordance with the present invention includes a brick of refractory material having an exterior surface, and a metal plate conforming to the exterior surface of said brick to provide a metal casing for the brick.
  • the metal plate has opposite ends which overlap on the exterior surface of the brick.
  • the furnace block of this invention includes securing means for mechanically locking the overlapping ends of the metal plate together and for securing the metal casing to the brick.
  • the refractory brick has an elongated groove formed along its exterior surface, and the opposite ends of the metal plate overlap at the elongated groove.
  • this preferred embodiment includes a plurality of deformations formed in the overlapping ends of the metal plate for securing the overlapping ends together and for engaging the brick to secure the metal casing to the brick.
  • the overlapping ends of the metal plate can be secured by a plurality of welded connections rather than the deformations.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is a method of applying a metal plate to a refractory brick.
  • the refractory brick itself is used as a male die member in the formation of a metal casing from a single metal plate.
  • the method compensates automatically for variations in the size of the refractory brick and produces a furnace block having a metal casing which is tightly secured to the brick.
  • the method includes the steps of positioning the refractory brick on the metal plate at a position intermediate between the ends of the metal plate, bending the portions of the metal plate located on opposite sides of the brick into contact with the sides of the brick, bending the portions of the metal plate which extend above the brick into contact with the top surface of the brick to overlap the ends of the metal plate, and securing the overlapping ends of the metal plate together to provide a metal casing for the brick.
  • the metal plate is held firmly against the brick during the bending of the metal plate into contact with the sides of the brick, and the bent portions of the metal plate are held firmly against the sides of the brick during the bending of the metal plate into contact with the top surface of the brick.
  • the brick has an elongated groove centrally located on its top surface and a plurality of spaced depressions formed in the elongated groove.
  • the ends of the metal plate are overlapped at the elongated groove, and the ends are punctured to produce a plurality of interlocking deformations in the metal plate which extend into the depressions in the brick and mechanically lock the metal plate to the brick.
  • a further aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus for applying a metal plate to a refractory brick.
  • the apparatus operates in accord with the method of the present invention and produces a furnace block having a metal casing which is tightly secured to a refractory brick.
  • an apparatus for applying a metal plate to a refractory brick includes a structure providing a female die cavity and means for forcing the bottom surface of the refractory brick against the metal plate and into the female die cavity to bend the metal plate into contact with the sides of the brick.
  • the apparatus also includes means for bending the portions of the metal plate extending above the brick into contact with the upper surface of the brick to overlap the ends of the metal plate.
  • the apparatus includes means for deforming the overlapping ends of the metal plate to secure the overlapping ends together and to provide a metal casing for the refractory brick.
  • means are provided for holding the metal plate against the bottom surface of the brick as the brick and metal plate are forced into the female die cavity and for holding the bent portions of the metal plate against the sides of the 1 brick as the portions of the metal plate extending above the brick are bent into contact with the upper surface of the brick.
  • the preferred embodiment also includes at least one puncturing device mounted for movement into engagement with the overlapping ends of the metal plate for puncturing the overlapping ends to form interlocking metal curls in the plate to secure the ends together.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a furnace block con structed in accord with the principles of this invention including a refractory brick having a metal casing formed from a single metal plate;
  • FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the furnace block taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the first station of an apparatus for applying a metal plate to a refractory brick which operates in accord with the principles of this invention
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are front elevational views of the apparatus of FIG. 3 illustrating the operation of the first station of the apparatus in bending a metal plate into contact with the sides of a refractory brick;
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are front elevational views of a second station of the apparatus illustrating the bending of the metal plate into contact with the top surface of the refractory brick;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial sectional view of a pressure applying element and a puncturing device which are located at the second station of the apparatus.
  • a furnace block includes a brick of refractory material having an exterior surface.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a preferred embodiment of a furnace block constructed according to the principles of this invention.
  • furnace block 20 includes a brick 22 of refractory material.
  • the brick of the preferred embodiment is rectangular in shape and has a bottom surface 24, a top surface 26 and sides 28 and 30.
  • the brick can have tapered sides, as in the case of a brick of trapezoidal shape, or it can be irregular in shape.
  • the brick of refractory material has an elongated groove formed along one of its exterior surfaces.
  • brick 22 has an elongated groove formed in its top surface 26 and extending in a direction parallel to sides 28 and 30 of the brick.
  • the elongated groove preferably is centrally located on the top surface of the brick.
  • a plurality of depressions are formed in the elongated groove on the refractory brick.
  • brick 22 has a plurality of depressions 34 (one of which is shown) formed in elongated groove 32 on top surface 26 of the brick. Depressions 34 are preferably spaced uniformly along groove 32.
  • the furnace block includes a metal plate conforming to the exterior surface of the refractory brick to provide a metal casing for the brick.
  • the metal plate has its opposite ends overlapping on the exterior surface of the brick.
  • a metal plate 36 (FIG. 1) is provided which conforms to bottom surface 24, top surface 26, and sides 28 and 30 of refractory brick 22.
  • Metal plate 36 has overlapping ends 38 and 40 which overlap at elongated groove 32 of the refractory brick.
  • the metal plate of the preferred embodiment is a flat steel plate and it can be embossed to allow for expansion, if desired.
  • the metal plate does not have to be slotted at the corners of the brick to permit the plate to be bent into a casing conforming to the sides of the brick.
  • the preferred embodiment of the furnace block can include a sheet of asbestos material interposed between the refractory brick and metal casing to allow for expansion.
  • one end of the metal plate has an offset which is received in the elongated groove of the refractory brick to provide a substantially flat exterior surface for the metal casing at the elongated groove.
  • end portion 40 of metal plate 36 has an offset portion 42 which is located in elongated groove 32 beneath end 38 of the metal plate. Since offset portion 42 is received in the elongated groove, the upper surfaces of ends 38 and 40 of the metal plate provide a substantially flat exterior surface for the metal casing of the refractory brick.
  • the furnace block includes securing means for mechanically locking the overlapping ends of the metal plate together and for securing the metal casing to the refractory brick.
  • the securing means includes at least one deformation formed in the overlapping ends of the metal plate for securing the overlapping ends together and for engaging the brick to secure the metal casing to the brick.
  • the deformation comprises a puncture formed in the overlapping ends of the metal plate.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a plurality of punctures 44 formed in overlapping ends 38 and 40 of metal plate 36.
  • one of the punctures 44 is illustrated in more detail. As shown, ends 38 and 40 of metal plate 36 are punctured, and a portion of the metal from each end of the metal plate is displaced to form interlocking metal curls. The punctured portion of end 38 of the metal plate provides metal curls 46 and 48. Similarly, the punctured portion of offset 42 formed on end 40 of the metal plate provides metal curls 50 and 52 which are in interlocking relationship with the metal curls 46 and 48.
  • the interlocking metal curls of punctures 44 prevent ends 38 and 40 of the metal plate from separating.
  • the metal curls secure the ends of the metal plate together to provide a mechanically locked metal casing for refractory brick 22.
  • offset portion 42 of the metal plate can be secured to end 38 of the metal plate by welding.
  • a plurality of welded connections are made between the overlapping portions of the metal plate over elongated groove 32 of the brick to provide a substantially flat exterior surface for the metal casing at the elongated groove.
  • FIGS. 3-5 illustrate the first station of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus, and FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate its second station.
  • the apparatus includes a structure providing a female die cavity.
  • the structure providing the female die cavity includes a first stationary die member and a second die member movable relative to the first stationary member and spaced from the member to provide an opening for receiving the metal plate and refractory brick.
  • the preferred embodiment includes biasing means for urging the second die member toward the first stationary die member.
  • a first station of the apparatus includes a base 54 (FIG. 3) on which a first stationary die member 56 is mounted.
  • a second die member 58 is slidably mounted on base 54 for movement relative to first die member 56.
  • the biasing means of this embodiment is a spring 60 connected to second die member 58 and 'to a support 62 mounted on base 54. Spring 60 urges second die member 58 toward first stationary die member 56. The spring normally maintains the second die member in a position such that the space between the die members is less than the width of brick 22.
  • Stationary die member 56 and movable die member 58 have first chamfered surfaces 64 and 66 (FIG. 4), respectively, and second vertical surfaces 68 and 69.
  • the chamfered surfaces are provided for engaging portions of the metal plate located on opposite sides of the brick to partially bend those portions toward the sides of refractory brick 22.
  • the vertical surfaces are provided for engaging the same portions of metal plate 36 to bend those portions into contact with the sides of the refractory brick. The operation of these surfaces in bending the metal plate is described below.
  • the apparatus includes means for forcing the refractory brick against the metal plate to move the bottom surface of the brick and the metal plate into the female die cavity to bend the metal plate into contact with the sides of the brick.
  • this means includes a pressure applying element 70 (FIGS. 3 and 4 for applying downward pressure to refractory brick 22.
  • Pressure applying element 70 is connected by a frame 71 and a shaft 72 to a suitable operating device, such as a hydraulic cylinder 73.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is supported by a fixed platform 74 which is mounted on a plurality of support rods 75 extending from base 54.
  • a pair of guide rods 76 extend upward from pressure applying element 70 and are slidably received in a pair of openings fonned in platform 74.
  • the hydraulic cylinder has two hydraulic lines 77 and 78 for receiving pressurized fluid from a source (not shown) to operate the hydraulic cylinder.
  • a source not shown
  • pressurized fluid is applied to the hydraulic cylinder through hydraulic line 77
  • the cylinder applies downward forces (indicated by arrow 79) to shaft 73 and pressure applying element 72 to move refractory brick 22 and metal plate 36 into the female die cavity as shown in FIG. 5.
  • pressurized fluid is applied to the hydraulic cylinder through hydraulic line 78, shaft 72 is raised to its initial position, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • this means includes a platform 80 mounted for vertical movement into the female die cavity between stationary die member 56 and movable die member 58. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the platform is normally located in an upwardly extended position relative to the female die cavity. Platform 80 is fixed to the end of a shaft 81 which is mounted for vertical sliding movement through an opening 82 formed in base 54.
  • biasing means are included for maintaining the platform in its normally extended position and for applying an increasing force to the platform as the brick and metal plate are moved into the female die cavity to hold the metal plate firmly against the bottom surface of the brick.
  • platform 80 and shaft 81 are biased into a normally raised position, relative to base 54, by a tension spring 84 secured at one end to shaft 81 and at its other end to base 54.
  • tension spring 84 exerts an increasing upward force indicated by arrow 86 (FIG. on shaft 81 and platform 80 to hold metal plate 36 firmly against the bottom surface of refractory brick 22.
  • the apparatus also includes means for bending the portions of the metal plate extending above the refractory brick into contact with the upper surface of the brick to overlap the ends of the metal plate.
  • this means includes a first pivot arm for engaging one portion of the metal plate to partially bend that portion toward the upper surface of the brick and a second pivot arm for'engaging the other portion of the metal plate to partially bend that other portion toward the upper surface of the brick.
  • this means includes a pressure plate movable into engagement with the partially bent portions of the metal plate for bending those portions into contact with the upper surface of the brick.
  • a second station of the apparatus includes a first pivot arm 88 pivotally mounted by a pin 90 on a support arm 92 fixed to a block 94.
  • Block 94 is mounted in a stationary position on a base 96.
  • a second pivot arm 98 is pivotally connected by a pin 100 to a support arm 102 fixed to a block 104.
  • Block 104 is slidably mounted on base 96 for movement relative to block 94.
  • a tapered camming surface 105 is formed on block 104. The camming surface cooperates with a pair of vertically movable cams, described below, to move block 104 relative to block 94, as indicated by arrow 103.
  • the apparatus includes a pressure plate 106 attached to a block 108 by a pair of stripped bolts 109.
  • the bolts are secured to block 108 by a pair of stripped bolts 109.
  • the bolts are secured to block 108 and are received in oversize openings formed in pressure plate 106.
  • a pair of coil springs 110 are located on bolts 109 between block 108 and pressure plate 106.
  • Block 108 is mounted on an operating platform 111 which is slidably mounted on guide rods 112 extending from base 96 for vertical movement relative to the base.
  • Platform 111 is connected by a shaft 113 to a suitable operating device, such as a hydraulic cylinder 114.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on a platform 115 which is fixed .to the upper ends of guide rods 112.
  • Hydraulic cylinder 114 is operated by pressurized fluid supplied through a pair of hydraulic lines (not shown). When pressurized fluid is applied to the hydraulic cylinder through one of the hydraulic lines, the cylinder applies downward forces to shaft 113 to move platform 111 and pressure plate 106 downward, as indicate; by arrow 117.
  • pressurized fluid is applied to the hydraulic cylinder through the other hydraulic line, shafl 113 is raised to its initial position, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the preferred embodiment of the apparatus includes a pair of cams 119, one of which is shown in FIG. 6, mounted on platform 115.
  • Each cam 119 has a tapered camming surface 121 for engaging camming surface 105 of block 104 to move that block toward stationary block 94.
  • the cams are moved vertically downward when hydraulic cylinder 114 is operated to move platform 111 in a downward direction.
  • a pair of openings 123 are formed in base 96 for receiving cams 119 during their downward movement
  • a spring-biased backup block 125 is provided for urging the cams toward block 104.
  • the apparatus includes means for deforming the overlapping in FIG. 8, the puncturing device has a pointed tip 118 which is normally located in an opening formed in pressure plate 106 when platform 111 is in its raised posi-- tion (FIG. 6).
  • the apparatus can be provided with additional puncturing devices similar to puncturing device 116.
  • the puncturing devices can be mounted in spaced openings formed in block 108 to produce a set of punctures 44, as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the puncturing devices of the second station can be replaced by a plurality of welding heads.
  • the overlapping ends of metal plate '36 are joined together by a plurality of welded connections to secure the metal plate to refractory brick 22.
  • clamping means are provided for holding the bent portions of the metal plate against the sides of the refractory brick as the portions of the metal plate extending above the brick are bent into contact with the upper surface of the brick.
  • this clamping means comprises a pair of pressure blocksfor engaging the bent portions of the metal plate on opposite sides of the refractory brick to hold the bent portions against the sides of the brick.
  • a first pressure block 120 is mounted by a pair of springs 122 and a lever 123 on block 94.
  • Lever 123 is pivotally attached to pressure block 120 and has an elongated slot 124 for receiving a pivot pin projecting from block 94.
  • the lever is pro vided for guiding the movement of pressure block 120 relative to block 94.
  • Block 94 has a cutout portion 125 for receiving pressure block 120.
  • a second pressure block 126 is mounted by a pair of springs 128 and a lever 129 to block 104.
  • Lever 129 is pivotally attached to pressure block 126 and has a elongated slot 130 for receiving a pivot pin projecting from block 104.
  • the lever is provided for guiding the movement of pressure block 126 relative to block 104.
  • Block 104 has a cutout portion 131 for receiving pressure block 126.
  • springs 128 normally maintain pressure block 126 out of engagement with cutout portion 131 of block 104.
  • springs 122 normally maintain pressure block 120 out of engagement with cutout portion 125 of block 94.
  • the preferred embodiment of the apparatus also includes guide means for locating the metal plate in a predetermined position relative to the female die cavity.
  • the guide means is provided by a set of positioning pins 132, 134, and 136 projecting vertically from a plate 138 mounted on the side of stationary die member 56. Positioning pins 132 and 134 contact the edge of end 38 of metal plate 36, and positioning pin 136 contacts the back edge of metal plate 36 to locate the metal plate in a predetermined position relative to the female die cavity provided by stationary die member 56 and movable die member 58.
  • the method of the present invention can be understood by considering the operation of the apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 4-7.
  • portions of the metal plate are bent into contact with the exterior surfaces of the brick while holding other portions of the metal plate firmly against the brick to provide a furnace block with a metal casing which is tightly secured to the refractory brick.
  • the refractory brick is positioned on the metal plate at a position intermediate between the ends of the metal plate.
  • metal plate 36 is positioned on the upper surfaces of die members 56 and 58, support 62, and platform 78 with its edges in contact with positioning pins 132, 134, and 136.
  • Refractory brick 22 is then centrally positioned on metal plate 36 so that ends 38 and 40 of the metal plate extend from opposite sides of the refractory brick.
  • a sheet of asbestos material between the brick and the casing formed from the metal plate.
  • a flat sheet of asbestos (not shown) is placed on metal plate 36 adjacent to brick 22 on the plate.
  • the portions of the metal plate located on opposite sides of the refractory brick are bent into contact with the sides of the brick.
  • pressurized fluid is supplied to hydraulic cylinder 73 through hydraulic line 77, and a downward force indicated by arrow 79 is applied to shaft 72.
  • the shaft transmits the downward force to pressure applying element 70.
  • the pressure applying element thus exerts a downward pressure on refractory brick 22 which forces the refractory brick, the metal plate, and platfonn 80 downward against the tension of spring 84.
  • metal plate 36 and refractory brick 22 are moved into the female die cavity in the space between die members 56 and 58.
  • Metal plate 36 first engages chamfered surfaces 64 and 66 (FIG. 4) of the die member, and ends 38 and 40 of the metal plate are partially bent toward an upward position.
  • movable die member 58 is moved against spring 60 to expand the size of the female die cavity to-allow the brick and metal plate to move downward between die members 56 and 58.
  • the metal plate is bent into a U-shaped configuration conforming to the bottom surface and sides of the refractory brick. Since movable die member 58 is biased toward stationary die member 56 by spring 60, the metal plate is bent into a tightly fitting relationship with the refractory brick.
  • Platform 80 under the action of tension spring 84, holds metal plate 36 firmly against the bottom surface of the refractory brick during the bending of the metal plate into contact with the sides of the brick. As platform 80 moves downward, the force applied by tension spring 84 to hold the metal plate against the brick increases gradually. The operation of platform 80 and die members 56 and 58 insures that the metal plate is formed into a tightly fitting metal casing for the refractory brick. Then pressurized fluid is supplied to hydraulic cylinder 73 through hydraulic line 78 to return shaft 72 and pressure applying element to their initial positions (FIG. 4).
  • the partially formed brick and plate assembly is moved to the second station (FIG. 6) of the apparatus. At the second station, the bending of the metal plate into contact with the refractory brick is completed.
  • the portions of the metal plate which extend above the refractory brick are bent into contact with the top surface of the brick to overlap the ends of the metal plate.
  • the partially formed metal plate and refractory brick assembly is positioned between blocks 94 and 104.
  • Hydraulic cylinder 114 is operated to move platform Ill downward, as indicated by arrow 117.
  • camming surfaces 121 of cams 119 act against camming surface 105 of block 104 to move the block toward stationary block 94, as indicated by arrow 103.
  • a similar force is applied to the opposite upwardly bent portion of metal plate 36 by pivot arm 88. This force partially bends end 38 of the metal plate toward the top surface of refractory brick, as indicated by arrow [42. At the same time, pressure block 120 exerts a clamping force on the metal plate to hold it firmly against the left side of refractory brick 22 during the partial bending of end 38 of the metal plate.
  • offset portion 42 of end 40-of the metal plate is first moved into the elongated groove formed in.
  • metal plate 36 is firmly held against the sides of refractory brick 22 by pressure blocks 120 and 126 during the completion of the bending of its ends 38 and 40.
  • the overlapping ends of the metal plate are secured together to provide a metal casing for the brick.
  • the overlapping ends of the metal plate are deformed to produce a plurality of deformations in the metal plate which mechanically lock the ends of the plate together.
  • the deformations are produced by puncturing the overlapping ends of the metal plate to form interlocking metal curls in the metal plate to mechanically lock the ends of the plate together.
  • the metal curls also secure the metal casing to the refractory brick.
  • the deformation formed in the metal plate comprises interlocking metal curls which extend into depression 34.
  • Curls 46 and 48 are formed from the deformed metal of end 38 of the metal plate, and curls 50 and 52 are formed from the deformed metal of offset portion 42 of end 40 of the metal plate.
  • the curls are interlocking to provide a mechanically locked metal casing for the refractory brick.
  • the curls since the metal curls extend into the depressions formed in the refractory brick, the curls also secure the metal casing to the refractory brick and prevent the brick from slipping out of its metal casing during handling.
  • the apparatus of this invention can be provided with a plurality of puncturing devices 116, if it is desired to puncture the overlapping ends of the metal plate at more than one location.
  • a plurality of punctures can be formed in the overlapping ends of the metal plate at uniformly spaced positions to produce a furnace block having a tightly fitting metal casing, as shown in FIG. 1
  • the overlapping ends of the metal plate are secured together by welded connections.
  • the refractory brick includes an elongated groove formed along its top surface and a plurality of depressions formed in the elongated groove to receive the deformed metal curls of the punctured portions of the overlapping ends of the metal plate.
  • the preferred method of the present invention can be modified, however, to produce the desired furnace block from a refractory brick which does not contain such a groove and depressions, if
  • the modified method includes the steps of: l forming an elongated groove extending along the top surface of the brick; and (2) forming a plurality of depressions in the elongated groove.
  • the method of the present invention can include the step of forming an offset along one end of the metal plate to be received in the elongated groove of the refractory brick when the metal plate is bent into contact with the top surface of the brick.
  • the apparatus of this invention can be modified to produce a metal casing for a refractory brick which is not rectangular in shape in accord with the principles of the invention.
  • the die members of the apparatus can be shaped to conform to the exterior surface of the brick.
  • the present invention thus provides a furnace block including a refractory brick having a metal casing which is tightly secured to the brick.
  • the metal casing is formed from a single metal plate having overlapping ends which are mechanically locked together.
  • the metal plate is also mechanically secured to the brick.
  • the method and apparatus of the invention provide automatic compensation for the non-uniform size of the refractory brick to which the metal casing is applied.
  • the compensation is achieved automatically by using the refractory brick as a male die member in the method of this invention.
  • the furnace block produced by the method and apparatus of this invention has a tightly fitting metal casing.
  • a method of applying a metal plate to a refractory brick having an elongated groove extending along a top surface which comprises:
  • a method of forming a metal casing for a refractory brick provided with an elongated groove extending along a top surface from a metal plate which comprises:
  • a method of encasing a refractory brick in a metal casing which comprises:
  • A'method of applying a metal plate having an offset formed along one edge of the plate to a refractory brick having an elongated groove extending along a top surface and a plurality of depressions formed at spaced locations in the groove which comprises:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US51223A 1970-06-30 1970-06-30 Method of applying a metal plate to a refractory brick Expired - Lifetime US3698068A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5122370A 1970-06-30 1970-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3698068A true US3698068A (en) 1972-10-17

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ID=21970044

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US51223A Expired - Lifetime US3698068A (en) 1970-06-30 1970-06-30 Method of applying a metal plate to a refractory brick

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3698068A (de)
JP (1) JPS5545279Y2 (de)
AR (1) AR195368A1 (de)
AT (1) AT321177B (de)
CA (1) CA956459A (de)
DE (1) DE2128448C3 (de)
ES (2) ES392637A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1333452A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5397110A (en) * 1993-02-08 1995-03-14 North American Refractories Company Refractory brick and method of making and using same

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT384769B (de) * 1982-01-12 1988-01-11 Radex Austria Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von gebrannten, feuerfesten steinen mit durchgehenden kanaelen
GB8424924D0 (en) * 1984-10-03 1984-11-07 Fisco Products Ltd Tape measure and coated sheet fabrication
IT1315444B1 (it) * 2000-05-11 2003-02-10 Sydel Srl Struttura di pannello particolarmente per la realizzazione dipavimentazioni sopraelevate.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL297874A (de) *
US3150466A (en) * 1959-09-25 1964-09-29 Porter Co Inc H K Brick cladding
US3170420A (en) * 1963-08-20 1965-02-23 E J Lavino & Co Refractory brick roof patch assembly
US3280772A (en) * 1964-10-05 1966-10-25 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Suspended refractory brick
US3287872A (en) * 1964-05-12 1966-11-29 E J Lavino & Co Metal encased refractory brick and method of making

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL297874A (de) *
US3150466A (en) * 1959-09-25 1964-09-29 Porter Co Inc H K Brick cladding
US3170420A (en) * 1963-08-20 1965-02-23 E J Lavino & Co Refractory brick roof patch assembly
US3287872A (en) * 1964-05-12 1966-11-29 E J Lavino & Co Metal encased refractory brick and method of making
US3280772A (en) * 1964-10-05 1966-10-25 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Suspended refractory brick

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5397110A (en) * 1993-02-08 1995-03-14 North American Refractories Company Refractory brick and method of making and using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT321177B (de) 1975-03-25
ES194393Y (es) 1975-06-01
GB1333452A (en) 1973-10-10
DE2128448A1 (de) 1972-01-05
ES392637A1 (es) 1974-07-01
JPS5545279Y2 (de) 1980-10-23
DE2128448B2 (de) 1973-10-04
CA956459A (en) 1974-10-22
AR195368A1 (es) 1973-10-08
JPS54146762U (de) 1979-10-12
ES194393U (es) 1975-01-16
DE2128448C3 (de) 1974-05-09

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