US3701875A - H. f. heating apparatus - Google Patents

H. f. heating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3701875A
US3701875A US45994A US3701875DA US3701875A US 3701875 A US3701875 A US 3701875A US 45994 A US45994 A US 45994A US 3701875D A US3701875D A US 3701875DA US 3701875 A US3701875 A US 3701875A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrodes
platen
group
heated
travel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US45994A
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English (en)
Inventor
Noel John Charles Witsey
James Charles Clark
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Intertherm Ltd
INTERHERN Ltd
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Intertherm Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of US3701875A publication Critical patent/US3701875A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/46—Dielectric heating
    • H05B6/54—Electrodes

Definitions

  • a Second group of parallel rod elgctmdes are alternately arranged between and in parallel with of In of platen the rods of the second group are displaced in a [58] Field of Search...2l9/ 10.81, 10.69, 10.61, 10.71 direction away from the material to be heated,
  • Water is a dielectric having a high dielectric constant together with a high dielectric loss factor and this property can be utilized in continuous flow production .techniquesfor the drying of materials such as, for example, leather, paper and carpets.
  • the predetermined region can be that part of the platen adjacent to which the material to be heated is first passed so that excessively rapid heating and drying of the material can be prevented at the point where the water content and hence the dielectric loss is greatest.
  • the predetermined region can be that part of the platen adjacent to which the material passes at a later stage of the dielectric heating process.
  • the amount of the displacement applied to the alternate rods can be progressively changed in the direction of travel of the material to be heated.
  • the relative spacing of the electrodes can be changed from one region to another to modify the relative heating effect.
  • the rod electrodes can be inclinedto the direction of travel of the material to be heated at an angle other than 90.
  • the heating effect will occur selectivelyin the damp regions of the material since the dielectric loss factor of water is normally much greater than the dielectric loss of the base material.
  • the wet material entersthe region of the stray-field platen alarge amount of heating will take place and a, heavy electrical load will be presented to the platen inthe initial stage of the drying process.
  • the amount of energy dissipated will be greatly reduced as the water content falls.
  • H.F. heating apparatus employing a stray field platen can also be employed for curing resin and P.V.C. formulations and it has been found that some of these formulations result in a material having a dielectric loss factor which increases with an increase in temperature. In this case it is found that a heavy electrical load is presented to the platen not in the entrance region of the platen but in a later region, which may be at the exit region of the platen. However, in this case too, a similar difficulty will arise in the adjustment of the highfrequency drive to the platen.
  • a stray-field platen comprising a plurality of rod-like electrodes arranged in operation so that adjacent rods are connected across a high-frequency
  • the material to be heated can be passed horizontally above or below the stray-field platen, or alternatively thestray-field platen can be mounted vertically and the material fed past it in a vertical direction.
  • the electrode rods can be of curved form and can thus be arranged to present a radiused face to the material to be heated.
  • high-frequency current can be supplied to the rod-like electrodes in the manner set forth and claimed in our British Pat. Specification No. 1,017,289.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinalisectional diagram illustrating a stray-field platen employing the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a detail illustrating a method of adjustment of the electrodes, g
  • FIG. .3 is a plan diagramillustrating a feature of the invention.
  • no. '4 is a plan diagram illustrating a further feature of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 which illustrates schematically in longitudinal vertical section one arrangement of the electrodes of a stray-field platen embodying the invention and which is-adapted for drying material having a high water content.
  • carpeting coated on the back with a water based emulsion of latex or P.V.C. or a pulp mat or paper is passed over rollers 2 made of a low-loss dielectric material and beneath a stray-field platen formed by an array of parallel rod electrodes 3 and 4 arranged to lie across j the width of the web 1.
  • the electrodes 3 are arranged at a substantially constant height above the web 1.
  • Each of the electrodes 4 is arranged at a position between and equidistant from the two adjacent elec-. trodes 3, and at that end of the stray-field platen first reached by the web 1 each electrode 4 is raised above the level of the adjacent electrodes 3 to an extent dependent on the reduction in heating eflect desired over travel of the web, may give rise to standing waves along the platen.
  • the displacement of the electrodes 4 away from the web 1 over a predetermined region of the stray-field platen can be adjusted or pre-set.
  • One method of supporting the electrodes 4 so that their displacement can be adjusted is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the electrodes 4 are mounted on brackets 10 having slots 11, 12 cut longitudinally therein.
  • the brackets 10 are bolted by bolts l3, 14 to a bus-bar 15 comprising two spaced parallel conducting bars 16, 17.
  • the bolts 13, 14 pass through the slots l1, l2 in'the brackets 10, between the bars 16, 17, through a clamping plate 18, to be retained by nuts, not shown, on the far side of the plate 18.
  • the electrodes 3 can be similarly attached to a further bus-bar 20.
  • the electrodes 4 can be mounted on an assembly which can be raised or lowered while the apparatus is operating so that adjustments can be made of the relative heating effect over different parts of the platen while the heating is taking place.
  • Such an adjustment can be carried out manually by means of a handwheel or lever, or it can be performed by an electric motor or by hydraulic or air-actuated means, and can be controlled automatically, for example, in response to measurements of the water content of the input web of material to be dried.
  • the initial load can be further spread over the electrodes of the platen by inclining the electrodes 3, 4 to the lateral direction as illustrated in the plan view of FIG. 4. In this way the increased load at the input end of the platen can be distributed over a number of electrode pairs 3, 4.
  • the stray-field platen can be placed underneath the web in some applications and alternatively both the web and the platen can be arranged in a vertical or inclined plane if desired.
  • the electrode rods 3 and 4 need not be straight but can be curved, for example, they can be bowed in the direction towards the web 1.
  • the relative distribution of the dielectric heating effect can readily be controlled over any predetermined region of a stray-field platen.
  • the invention can also be employed in the curing of resin formulations in which the dielectric loss and therefore the heating effect increases during the curing process and/or as a result of an increase in the temperature of the material.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 can be employed for this purpose by displacing the alternate electrodes 4 near the exit in a direction away from the platen, while bringing the electrodes 4 near the entrance towards the web '1. until they are at the same distance from the web 1 as the electrodes 3.
  • theweb 1 could be fed in the opposite direction with respect to the original arrangement of the electrodes 3 and 4.
  • the invention can also be employed when a water based resin emulsion is to be cured such that it is desirable to reduce the heating effect both at the start and at the finish of the operation.
  • alternate electrodes would be displaced away from the web in the entrance and exit regions of the platen, but not over the central region.
  • a stray-field platen for high-frequency heating apparatus comprising a high frequency energy supply, a plurality of rod-like electrodes arranged in operation so that adjacent rod-like electrodes are connected across said high-frequency supply, one group of alternate electrodes being spaced apart so as to define a path of travel adjacent thereto for the material to be heated and another group of alternate rod-like electrodes being alternately arranged on the same side of the material and between the electrodes of said one group and displaced therefrom in a direction away from the material to be heated within a predetermined region of 'ment.
  • a stray-field platen for high-frequency heating apparatus comprising a high frequency energy supply, a plurality of rod-like electrodes arranged in operation so that adjacent rod-like electrodes are connected across said high-frequency supply, one group of alternate electrodes being spaced apart so as to define a path of travel adjacent thereto-for the material to be heated and another group of alternate rod-like electrodes being alternately arranged between the electrodes of said one group and being displaced therefrom .in a direction away from the material to be heated within a predetermined region of said platen to reduce the heating effect on the material by the high-frequency field produced by the platen over said region in comparison with the heating effect otherwise produced in the absence of said .displacemenL-said rod-like electrodes being arranged .in the platen at an oblique angle other than 90 relative to the direction of travel of the materialto be heated.
  • a stray-field platen as claimed in claim 1 wherein said electrodes are divided into two groups, the electrodes of the first group being arranged in parallel in a first plane across which the material to be heated will pass, and the electrodes of the second group being alternately arranged between the electrodes of the first group in a second plane and parallel to said first group of electrodes.
  • a stray-field platen as claimed in claim 6 wherein the spacing between adjacent electrodes in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axes thereof of a first region of the platen is different from the electrode spacing in a second region of the platen.
  • a stray-field platen for high-frequency heating apparatus comprising a high frequency energy supply, a plurality of rod-like electrodes arranged in operation so that adjacent rod-like electrodes are connected across said high-frequency supply, one group of alternate electrodes being spaced apart so as to define a path of travel adjacent thereto for the material to be heated and another group of alternate rod-like electrodes being alternately arranged between the electrodes of said one group and being displaced therefrom in a dire on awga fgorn the material to be heated witgg a pre etermln gm of sai p aten to reduce the ing effect on the material by the high-frequency field produced by the platen over said region in comparison with the heating efiect otherwise produced in the absence of said displacement, and wherein the distance between given ones of said alternate rod-like electrodes and said material varies along a portion of the platen in the direction of travel of the material.
  • a high frequency heating apparatus for a material to be heated as it is moved along a given path of travel comprising, a source of high frequencyelectric energy, a stray-field platen assembly that includes two groups of rod electrodes sequentially arranged adjacent the path of travel of said material to be heated and on the same side thereof, the electrodes of one group being spaced apart and equidistant from the material as it moves along said travel path, the electrodes of the other group being alternately located between the electrodes of said one group with at least some of theelectrodes of said other group positioned at a greater distance from said material than the electrodes of said one group, and means for connecting the electrodes to the terminals of said energy source whereby different regions of the platen in the direction of travel of the material produce difierent heating effects on the material adjacent thereto.
  • a heating apparatus as claimed in claim 10 wherein the electrodes of said one group are mounted in parallel in a first plane and at least some of the electrodes of said other group are mounted in parallel in a second plane and parallel to said one group of electrodes.
  • a heating apparatus as claimed in claim 10 including means for mounting other ones of the electrodes of said other group in positions at a still greater distance from said material to be heated.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
US45994A 1969-06-30 1970-06-15 H. f. heating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3701875A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB32928/69A GB1274877A (en) 1969-06-30 1969-06-30 Improvements in or relating to h.f. heating apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3701875A true US3701875A (en) 1972-10-31

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US45994A Expired - Lifetime US3701875A (en) 1969-06-30 1970-06-15 H. f. heating apparatus

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3701875A (fr)
BE (1) BE752761A (fr)
CA (1) CA898902A (fr)
DE (1) DE2033889A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2051464A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1274877A (fr)
NL (1) NL7009519A (fr)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3969225A (en) * 1974-04-04 1976-07-13 I. Jordan Kunik Differential separation of particulates by combined electro-static and radio frequency means
US4147488A (en) * 1976-04-21 1979-04-03 Saint-Gobain Industries High frequency apparatus for forming structural shapes
US4296294A (en) * 1974-06-01 1981-10-20 Reinhard Mohn Gmbh Method and apparatus for drying and setting the adhesive on books by vaporization of water using RF energy
US4316709A (en) * 1979-12-12 1982-02-23 Kockums Industri Ab Continuous belt press with capacitative heating means
US4409455A (en) * 1982-03-05 1983-10-11 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Dielectric heating section for blow molding machine
US4873407A (en) * 1986-12-24 1989-10-10 Devron-Hercules, Inc. Dielectric cross machine moisture control
US5162629A (en) * 1991-01-18 1992-11-10 Production Machinery, Inc. Radio-frequency veneer dryer
US5254825A (en) * 1992-01-13 1993-10-19 Npbi Nederlands Produktielaboratorium Voor Bloedtransfusieapparatuur En Infusievloeistoffen B.V. Apparatus for the sealing of medical plastic articles
US5300749A (en) * 1991-04-15 1994-04-05 Imatran Voima Oy Method and apparatus for the reduction of distance-dependent voltage increase of parallel high-frequency electrodes
US20030102305A1 (en) * 1998-03-17 2003-06-05 Ameritherm, Inc. RF active compositions for use in adhesion, bonding and coating
US6649888B2 (en) 1999-09-23 2003-11-18 Codaco, Inc. Radio frequency (RF) heating system
US20030228114A1 (en) * 2002-06-11 2003-12-11 Zakaryae Fathi Methods and apparatus of joining optically coupled optoelectronic and fiber optic components using electromagnetic radiation
US20150052775A1 (en) * 2013-08-23 2015-02-26 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US9546817B2 (en) 2013-12-09 2017-01-17 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles
US10006163B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2018-06-26 Whirlpool Corporation Apparatus for drying articles
US10024899B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2018-07-17 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting an energized e-field
US10184718B2 (en) 2013-07-17 2019-01-22 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles
US10323881B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2019-06-18 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for drying articles
US10533798B2 (en) 2013-08-14 2020-01-14 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2473251A (en) * 1945-05-29 1949-06-14 Gen Electric High-frequency dielectric heating apparatus
US2640141A (en) * 1948-10-12 1953-05-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Apparatus for dielectric heating
US2867709A (en) * 1956-06-14 1959-01-06 Radio Receptor Company Inc Stray field electrode buffer
US2871332A (en) * 1956-01-28 1959-01-27 T & T Vicars Ltd Dielectric heating electrodes
US2960777A (en) * 1957-01-07 1960-11-22 Bemberg Ag Device for the removal of liquids adhering to running textile threads
US3082710A (en) * 1958-06-24 1963-03-26 Radio Heaters Ltd Foodstuffs baking apparatus
US3329797A (en) * 1964-01-23 1967-07-04 Intertherm Limited High-frequency heating apparatus
US3364294A (en) * 1965-09-20 1968-01-16 Monsanto Co Filament orientation process
US3461263A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-08-12 Radio Frequency Co Inc Radio frequency heating apparatus
US3469054A (en) * 1967-03-15 1969-09-23 Bangor Punta Operations Inc Shielded dielectric heating apparatus
US3470621A (en) * 1966-05-11 1969-10-07 Fitchburg Paper Co Material treatment apparatus and method using a high frequency field

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2473251A (en) * 1945-05-29 1949-06-14 Gen Electric High-frequency dielectric heating apparatus
US2640141A (en) * 1948-10-12 1953-05-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Apparatus for dielectric heating
US2871332A (en) * 1956-01-28 1959-01-27 T & T Vicars Ltd Dielectric heating electrodes
US2867709A (en) * 1956-06-14 1959-01-06 Radio Receptor Company Inc Stray field electrode buffer
US2960777A (en) * 1957-01-07 1960-11-22 Bemberg Ag Device for the removal of liquids adhering to running textile threads
US3082710A (en) * 1958-06-24 1963-03-26 Radio Heaters Ltd Foodstuffs baking apparatus
US3329797A (en) * 1964-01-23 1967-07-04 Intertherm Limited High-frequency heating apparatus
US3364294A (en) * 1965-09-20 1968-01-16 Monsanto Co Filament orientation process
US3470621A (en) * 1966-05-11 1969-10-07 Fitchburg Paper Co Material treatment apparatus and method using a high frequency field
US3469054A (en) * 1967-03-15 1969-09-23 Bangor Punta Operations Inc Shielded dielectric heating apparatus
US3461263A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-08-12 Radio Frequency Co Inc Radio frequency heating apparatus

Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3969225A (en) * 1974-04-04 1976-07-13 I. Jordan Kunik Differential separation of particulates by combined electro-static and radio frequency means
US4296294A (en) * 1974-06-01 1981-10-20 Reinhard Mohn Gmbh Method and apparatus for drying and setting the adhesive on books by vaporization of water using RF energy
US4147488A (en) * 1976-04-21 1979-04-03 Saint-Gobain Industries High frequency apparatus for forming structural shapes
US4316709A (en) * 1979-12-12 1982-02-23 Kockums Industri Ab Continuous belt press with capacitative heating means
US4409455A (en) * 1982-03-05 1983-10-11 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Dielectric heating section for blow molding machine
US4873407A (en) * 1986-12-24 1989-10-10 Devron-Hercules, Inc. Dielectric cross machine moisture control
US5162629A (en) * 1991-01-18 1992-11-10 Production Machinery, Inc. Radio-frequency veneer dryer
US5300749A (en) * 1991-04-15 1994-04-05 Imatran Voima Oy Method and apparatus for the reduction of distance-dependent voltage increase of parallel high-frequency electrodes
US5254825A (en) * 1992-01-13 1993-10-19 Npbi Nederlands Produktielaboratorium Voor Bloedtransfusieapparatuur En Infusievloeistoffen B.V. Apparatus for the sealing of medical plastic articles
US20030102305A1 (en) * 1998-03-17 2003-06-05 Ameritherm, Inc. RF active compositions for use in adhesion, bonding and coating
US6600142B2 (en) 1998-03-17 2003-07-29 Codaco, Inc. RF active compositions for use in adhesion, bonding and coating
US6617557B1 (en) 1998-03-17 2003-09-09 Codaco, Inc. Apparatus for RF active compositions used in adhesion, bonding, and coating
US20040159654A1 (en) * 1998-03-17 2004-08-19 Codaco, Inc. RF active compositions for use in adhesion, bonding and coating
US6649888B2 (en) 1999-09-23 2003-11-18 Codaco, Inc. Radio frequency (RF) heating system
WO2003104875A1 (fr) * 2002-06-11 2003-12-18 Lambda Technologies, Inc. Procedes et appareil permettant de reunir des composants optoelectroniques et des fibres optiques, optiquement couples, a l'aide d'un rayonnement electromagnetique
US6758609B2 (en) 2002-06-11 2004-07-06 Lambda Technologies Methods and apparatus of joining optically coupled optoelectronic and fiber optic components using electromagnetic radiation
US20030228114A1 (en) * 2002-06-11 2003-12-11 Zakaryae Fathi Methods and apparatus of joining optically coupled optoelectronic and fiber optic components using electromagnetic radiation
US11655583B2 (en) 2013-07-17 2023-05-23 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles
US10184718B2 (en) 2013-07-17 2019-01-22 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles
US10816265B2 (en) 2013-07-17 2020-10-27 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles
US10823502B2 (en) * 2013-08-14 2020-11-03 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US10533798B2 (en) 2013-08-14 2020-01-14 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US10837702B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2020-11-17 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US20150052775A1 (en) * 2013-08-23 2015-02-26 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US9784499B2 (en) * 2013-08-23 2017-10-10 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US11459696B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2022-10-04 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US11686037B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2023-06-27 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for drying articles
US10323881B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2019-06-18 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for drying articles
US11029088B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2021-06-08 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for drying articles
US10816586B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2020-10-27 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting an energized e-field
US10024899B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2018-07-17 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting an energized e-field
US11519130B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2022-12-06 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting an energized e-field
US10246813B2 (en) 2013-12-09 2019-04-02 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles
US9546817B2 (en) 2013-12-09 2017-01-17 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles
US10655270B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2020-05-19 Whirlpool Corporation Apparatus for drying articles
US11078619B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2021-08-03 Whirlpool Corporation Apparatus for drying articles
US10006163B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2018-06-26 Whirlpool Corporation Apparatus for drying articles
US11692298B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2023-07-04 Whirlpool Corporation Method of drying articles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2033889A1 (de) 1971-02-04
GB1274877A (en) 1972-05-17
CA898902A (en) 1972-04-25
NL7009519A (nl) 1971-01-04
FR2051464A5 (fr) 1971-04-02
BE752761A (fr) 1970-12-30

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