US3702930A - Remote illuminating apparatus - Google Patents

Remote illuminating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3702930A
US3702930A US123504A US3702930DA US3702930A US 3702930 A US3702930 A US 3702930A US 123504 A US123504 A US 123504A US 3702930D A US3702930D A US 3702930DA US 3702930 A US3702930 A US 3702930A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
elliptical
segments
focus
object plane
light
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Expired - Lifetime
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US123504A
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English (en)
Inventor
Henry G Joel
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Olivetti SpA
TIM SpA
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Olivetti SpA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B27/00—Photographic printing apparatus
    • G03B27/32—Projection printing apparatus, e.g. enlarger, copying camera
    • G03B27/52—Details
    • G03B27/54—Lamp housings; Illuminating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B27/00—Photographic printing apparatus
    • G03B27/02—Exposure apparatus for contact printing
    • G03B27/14—Details
    • G03B27/16—Illumination arrangements, e.g. positioning of lamps, positioning of reflectors

Definitions

  • the light source is placed at the common focus of the two families of ellipses, and elliptical reflecting segments from the two families of ellipses are disposed about the light source to direct the light from the light source to the defined area on the object plane.
  • elliptical reflecting segments Proper orientation of the elliptical reflecting segments allows for all of the light from the light source to pass to the designated area on the object plane in one or less reflections against the elliptical reflecting segments.
  • This invention relates to illuminating systems and, more particularly, to a system to collect the maximum amount of available light from alight source and efficiently direct this light on a remote object plane with a minimum number of reflectionsfrom the light source 1 light source and the illuminated object plane increases.
  • the present invention sets forth an apparatus for capturing and projecting light from a point or line light source to a remote object plane.
  • Elliptical reflecting segments which are disposed about the light source and are disposed remotely from the object plane direct the light from the light source to the object plane with one or less reflections in the light path.
  • the elliptical reflecting segments are from two or more separate families of concentric ellipses which families are positioned with relation to each other so as to share a common focus. The other focus of each of the elliptical families is disposed on the object plane, and the maximum distance between these two focuses defines the area on the object plane to be illuminated.
  • Elliptical reflecting segments from each family of ellipses are used in alternate sections about the light source to avoid interference between the reflecting segments of one quadrant and the light paths reflected from reflecting segments in an adjacent quadrant.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for efficiently directing light from a source to an object plane to be illuminated which plane is remote from the light source.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a system for directing the light from a light source to a remote object plane to be illuminated which system can be cheaply and easily fabricated.
  • Another object of the present. invention is to provide a system for directing the light from a light source to a remote object plane to be illuminated which does not require delicate adjustment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a family of concentrically disposed ellipses illustrating the various reflective paths from one common focus of the ellipses to the other common focus of the ellipses.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing two separate ellipses sharing a common focus and having the other focus of each ellipse in spaced relation to each other.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representationof elliptical reflecting segments disposed about a light source to direct light to a remote object plane, in accordance with the teachings of thepresent invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a section of FIG. 3 showing the reflection of the light path against the reflecting segments as the light travels from the source to the remote object.
  • FIG. 5 is an embodiment of the invention in which the elliptical reflecting segments are connected to form a closed structure.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 showing the light path within the structure.
  • FIG. 7 isanother embodiment of the invention showing the elliptical reflecting segments positioned in a mounting device.
  • FIG. '1 shows a family of three concentrically disposed ellipses, generally indicated at l0, l2 and 14 respectively for the thinner to wider ellipses, having lower and upper common focuses l6 and 18. It is well known that within any given closed ellipse, all lines radiating from one focus will reflect off the walls of the ellipse and converge at the other focus of the ellipse. Therefore, if the lower focus 16 were a light source, then within any of the concentric ellipses, all of the light from focus source 16 would be received at the upper receiving focus 18.
  • elliptical segments 20, 22 and 24 respectively of ellipses 10, 12 and 14 are positioned with relation to each other so that no light from source 16 passes between the elliptical segments, and they reflect all of the light back to receiving focus 18 without blocking the light reflected from each other.
  • Reflector element 20 will reflect all of thelight in angle 26 from source 16, while elements 22 and 24 will likewise respectively reflect thelight in angles 28 and 30 to source 16.
  • elliptical segments 32 and 34 on ellipses 12 and'14 respectively reflect the light radiating rearwardly from source 16 in angles 36' and 38' respectively, to receiving focus 18. Therefore, as was the case previously, by arranging additional elliptical segments from other concentric ellipses, all of the light radiating rearward from source focus 16 would be reflected back to receiving focus 18.
  • the elliptical segments reflecting rearward radiating light cannot be combined with the elliptical segments reflecting forward radiating light to project all of the light from the common source focus to the common receiving'focus.
  • the elliptical segments reflecting the forward radiating light would interfere with the elliptical segments reflecting the rearward radiating light. For example, as seen in FIG. 1, the light path from elliptical segment 34 would be at least partially blocked by elliptical segment 20.
  • the problem of interference between the elliptical reflecting segments for forward and rearward radiating light can be overcome by using two or more separate concentric families of ellipses which are disposed with relation to each other with a common source focus for all families of ellipses and separate receiving focuses for separate families of ellipses as, for example, in the manner shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows two identical ellipses 40 and 42 which are disposed with relation to each other so that the lower focus 16 of each family of ellipses coincide and so that the upper focuses 18 and 18' of ellipses 40 and 42 respectively are in spaced relation to each other.
  • Ellipses 40 and 42 can be classified as right and left ellipses respectively. Because all lines emanating from the one focus of an ellipse will reflect against the walls of the ellipse and pass through the other focus of the ellipse, as previously mentioned, elliptical segment 44 of ellipse 42 will reflect light from source focus 16 to lefthand receiving focus 18, while elliptical segment 46 on righthand ellipse 40 will reflect light from source focus 16 to righthand receiving focus l8.
  • the upper elliptical segments of one ellipse reflecting forward radiating light from the common source would tend to provide less of an interfering surface to the pathway of light reflected from the lower elliptical segments of the other ellipses which reflect the rearward radiating light from the common source.
  • Proper orientation of the ellipses and the elliptical segments can, therefore, reduce and even eliminate the interference between the rearward light reflecting segments and the forward light reflecting segments, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • elliptical segments 49, 51, 53, 55, 57 and 59 are segments of a righthand family of ellipses and reflect light to receiving focus 18.
  • elliptical segments 48', 50', 52', 54', 56, 58' and 60' will reflect light to focus 18 while elliptical segments 49, 51', 53', 55', 57' and 59' reflect light to focus 18'.
  • Section 62 directly behind source 16 extends on either side of the center line. It can be formed from two elliptical segments focusing on 18 and 18 or it can be a circular section which would reflect light to the area between the two focuses.
  • Elliptical sections 59 and 60 and their corresponding prime sections are shown as being formed from a single. member, although this need not be the case for proper functioning of the invention. 3 v
  • angles of reflection 71, 73, 75, 77 (not shown) which are the symmetrical counterparts of angles of reflection shown in FIG. 4.
  • the arrangement of elliptical reflecting segments provides an extremely efficient method for capturing and directing all of the light from a point or a line source to a remote object plane to be illuminated.
  • This device can be effectively used in many various applications.
  • an entire unit can be manufactured for use as a directional light source.
  • Forward reflecting elliptical segments 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86 and 88 and rearward light reflecting elliptical segments 90, 92, 94, 96 and 98, and the corresponding prime elements to the left of the center line, can be enveloped in a clear plastic or glass material 100 which connects the various elliptical segments.
  • this apparatus would work exactly as that described previously with the possibleexception that there may be slight changes in the direction of the light as the light leaves the clear transparent areas 100, which connect the elliptical reflecting surfaces.
  • the index of refraction and various other factors the required positioning of the elements for proper functioning of the apparatus can be determined.
  • FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the illuminating system.
  • the system consists essentially of a line source light bulb indicated at 102 which is mounted into an end plate 104. Grooves which correspond to the elliptical segments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are machined in the end plate. Thin sheets of reflecting material, such as thin aluminum sheets, etc., are then placed into the grooves in end block 104 to act as reflectors. The flexibility of the thin sheets allows each of them to fit into the designated elliptical groove and conform to the shape of the groove, thereby forming the elliptical segment desired for proper operation of the system. These segments are identified inFlG. 7 similarly to the elliptical segments shown in FIG. 5. The light emanating from focal source 16 will then be directed with one or less reflections to the area 106 to be illuminated on a remotely disposed object plane 108, which area is designated by receiving focuses 18, and 18.
  • a second end plate (not shown) can be used with corresponding elliptical grooves machined in the plate to provide support for the free end of the elliptical sections extending from base plate 104 to insure greater dimensional conformity for the elliptical segments.
  • the apparatus can be built relatively inexpensively, since there is a minimum of assembly, alignment and fastening required. All that is necessary is for the grooves to be machined into the end block which can be done by any convenient method, even, for example, by means of a standard pantograph type of device. If two end blocks are used,
  • the embodiments of the illuminating systems discussed have included elliptical reflecting elements formed from two families of ellipses, with elements from each of the families being placed in alternating quadrants about the light source-However, it should be pointed out that the invention is in no means limited in the number of separate elliptical families which can be used, nor is the invention limited in the angular position or arc about the light source which the elements from each elliptical family can occupy.
  • Apparatus for directing with one or fewer reflections light from a light source to a portion of ,an object plane disposed remotely from said source comprising:
  • a plurality of elliptical reflectingsegments disposed between said source and said object plane, said segments being portions of a first series of concentric elliptical curves having one focus at said light source and a second focus on said object plane, and second plurality of elliptical reflecting segments disposed on the opposite side of said light source from said object plane, said second plurality of segments being portions of a second series of concentric elliptical curves having one focus at said light source and a second focus on said object plane spaced from said second focus of said first series of elliptical curves, said first and second plurality of elliptical reflecting segments being disposed so that light reflected by said second plurality of elliptical segments from said source passes between adjacent segments of said first plurality of elliptical reflecting segments to said second focus of said second plurality of elliptical reflecting segments.
  • the apparatusof claim 1 further including third and fourth pluralities of elliptical reflecting segments, said third and fourth pluralities of elliptical reflecting segments being portions of third and fourth series of concentric elliptical curves having one focus at said light source and second foci spaced from one another on said object plane.
  • said first and second plurality of elliptical reflecting segments each include:
  • Apparatus for reflecting, with one or fewer reflections, light from a source to an area of an object plane disposed remotely from said source comprising:
  • said second plurality of segments being portions of a second set of concentric elliptical curves having one focus at said light source and a second focus on said object plane, the focus on said object plane of said first series of elliptical curves being spaced from the focus on said object plane of said second series of elliptical curves;
  • the elliptical segments of said first and second pluralities being disposed in alternate quadrant arcs about said light source.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
US123504A 1971-03-12 1971-03-12 Remote illuminating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3702930A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12350471A 1971-03-12 1971-03-12

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DE (1) DE2212438A1 (it)
GB (1) GB1383366A (it)
IT (1) IT952938B (it)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4190355A (en) * 1978-05-03 1980-02-26 Xerox Corporation Facetted reflector
US4351019A (en) * 1981-06-29 1982-09-21 Xerox Corporation Facetted reflector
US4367946A (en) * 1981-01-29 1983-01-11 Eastman Kodak Company Light valve imaging apparatus having improved optical configuration
US20050270781A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-08 Dale Marks Lighting device with elliptical fresnel mirror
EP2533315A4 (en) * 2010-02-05 2016-07-06 Toshiba Kk LIGHTING DEVICE AND PICTURE READER WITH LIGHTING DEVICE
WO2017207113A1 (en) * 2016-05-30 2017-12-07 Bobst Mex Sa Quality control station for a sheet element processing machine and illumination unit for the quality control station

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3027719A1 (de) * 1980-07-22 1982-02-11 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Reflektor zur ausleuchtung einer flaeche

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE533135A (it) *
GB265177A (en) * 1926-01-27 1927-12-22 Zeiss Carl Improvements in reflectors for a point-like source of light
US1679108A (en) * 1925-11-03 1928-07-31 American Woodlite Corp Condensing reflector
US1757527A (en) * 1925-12-04 1930-05-06 Messrs Louis Poulsen & Company Reflector for incandescent lamps
FR703009A (fr) * 1930-07-15 1931-04-22 Siemens Ag Réflecteur pour corps rayonnants linéaires
GB404540A (en) * 1932-06-16 1934-01-18 Joseph Wetzel Non dazzling projector of high efficiency
US2297124A (en) * 1940-03-29 1942-09-29 Rambusch Decorating Company Lighting fixture
US2673288A (en) * 1948-10-12 1954-03-23 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Reflector for the production of light beams
US3112893A (en) * 1961-08-11 1963-12-03 Corning Glass Works Reflector
US3283142A (en) * 1963-07-01 1966-11-01 Miller L Freeman Light reflectors
US3449561A (en) * 1967-07-03 1969-06-10 Textron Electronics Inc Aconic collector

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE533135A (it) *
US1679108A (en) * 1925-11-03 1928-07-31 American Woodlite Corp Condensing reflector
US1757527A (en) * 1925-12-04 1930-05-06 Messrs Louis Poulsen & Company Reflector for incandescent lamps
GB265177A (en) * 1926-01-27 1927-12-22 Zeiss Carl Improvements in reflectors for a point-like source of light
FR703009A (fr) * 1930-07-15 1931-04-22 Siemens Ag Réflecteur pour corps rayonnants linéaires
GB404540A (en) * 1932-06-16 1934-01-18 Joseph Wetzel Non dazzling projector of high efficiency
US2297124A (en) * 1940-03-29 1942-09-29 Rambusch Decorating Company Lighting fixture
US2673288A (en) * 1948-10-12 1954-03-23 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Reflector for the production of light beams
US3112893A (en) * 1961-08-11 1963-12-03 Corning Glass Works Reflector
US3283142A (en) * 1963-07-01 1966-11-01 Miller L Freeman Light reflectors
US3449561A (en) * 1967-07-03 1969-06-10 Textron Electronics Inc Aconic collector

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4190355A (en) * 1978-05-03 1980-02-26 Xerox Corporation Facetted reflector
US4367946A (en) * 1981-01-29 1983-01-11 Eastman Kodak Company Light valve imaging apparatus having improved optical configuration
US4351019A (en) * 1981-06-29 1982-09-21 Xerox Corporation Facetted reflector
US20050270781A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-08 Dale Marks Lighting device with elliptical fresnel mirror
US7178947B2 (en) * 2004-06-04 2007-02-20 Dale Marks Lighting device with elliptical fresnel mirror
EP2533315A4 (en) * 2010-02-05 2016-07-06 Toshiba Kk LIGHTING DEVICE AND PICTURE READER WITH LIGHTING DEVICE
WO2017207113A1 (en) * 2016-05-30 2017-12-07 Bobst Mex Sa Quality control station for a sheet element processing machine and illumination unit for the quality control station
US10571405B2 (en) 2016-05-30 2020-02-25 Bobst Mex Sa Quality control station for a sheet element processing machine and illumination unit for the quality control station

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Publication number Publication date
IT952938B (it) 1973-07-30
DE2212438A1 (de) 1972-09-28
GB1383366A (en) 1974-02-12

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