US3707073A - Rotary piston engine - Google Patents

Rotary piston engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3707073A
US3707073A US69533A US3707073DA US3707073A US 3707073 A US3707073 A US 3707073A US 69533 A US69533 A US 69533A US 3707073D A US3707073D A US 3707073DA US 3707073 A US3707073 A US 3707073A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
lobe
flap
rotary
combustion chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US69533A
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English (en)
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Robert J Bernstein
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/40—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and having a hinged member
    • F01C1/46—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and having a hinged member with vanes hinged to the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B2053/005—Wankel engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four

Definitions

  • the turbine engines still have a large number of shortcomings to be cleared up, among these being (A) the necessity of racing the turbine to obtain the desired power for starting and for acceleration, (B) the criticality of the extremely close tolerances, (C) the need for materials capable of withstanding ever higher temperatures and pressures, etc. Moreover, there are indications that the turbine engine contributes appreciably to the problem of air pollution. I
  • the piston type engines both gasoline and diesel, have become widely used in spite of their shortcomings. For example, it is widely acknowledged that both of these contribute to the smog problem. These piston engines must also be raced in order to develop the desired starting and accelerating power. Furthermore, these piston engines have a plurality of relatively heavy pistons that are accelerated in one direction, stopped abruptly, and then accelerated in the opposite direction (so-called simple harmonic motion). This type of motion, when used in the conventional high SYNOPSIS Broadly stated, the disclosed engine uses a two lobe combustion chamber; a flap piston being positioned in one lobe, and a rotary piston" being positioned in the second lobe; an exhaust chamber also being formed by the rotary piston.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the beginning of the power stage
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another portion of the power stage
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a later portion of the power stage, and the beginning of the exhaust stage;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the compression stage
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a four cylinder engine
  • FIG. 6 shows the interrelation of the rotary pistons of the four cylinder engine of FIG. 5.
  • pon drives the rotary piston by a cam action.
  • the expanding gases then directly drive the rotary piston, which incidentally forces exhaust gases (from the previous explosion) from the exhaust chamber.
  • the rotary piston then drives the flap piston, by means of a cam action, to compress the new charge of combustible mixture that has been introduced into the first lobe of the combustion chamber.
  • the cylinder is now ready for another cycle.
  • a housing 10 forms a cylinder 11 that contains a standard spark plug 12 for producing an ignition spark; and also contains a standard intake valve 13 for admitting a combustible mixture of gasoline and air into a first lobe 14a of a combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber is formed by the inner walls of housing 10, and by the upper surface 15 of an oscillatoryor flap piston 16. The reason for this designation will become apparent from a later discussion.
  • lobe 14a of the combustion chamber is filled (charged) with a combustible mixture that had been admitted before intake valve 13 had closed.
  • the spark plug 12 is indicated to be producing an ignition spark that ignites the combustible mixture in lobe 14a.
  • the resultant gases develop an ever larger volume and pressure, and the expanding volumeof gases act on the upper surface 15 of the flap piston 16. Therefore, flap piston 16 moves angularly around its pivot pin 17, in the direction indicated by arrow 18.
  • the explosion drives the flap piston angularly downward, developing useful power that is utilized as follows.
  • the flap piston 16 has an irregularly shaped lower surface 19, and that this irregular lower surface is in contact with the periphery of a somewhat oval-shaped rotary piston 21.
  • the reason for this designation will also become apparent from a later discussion.
  • the flap piston 16 under the force produced by the expanding gases, begins to turn in the direction of arrow 18, the common but moving contact point between the flap piston 16 and the rotary piston 21 causes rotary piston 21 to rotate in a clockwise direction around its pivot pin 22 as indicated by arrow 23.
  • the flap piston 16 and the rotary piston 21 act in a cam/cam follower manner'with the flap piston 16 camming" the rotary piston 21 into a rotary movement.
  • the mechanical advantage produces a power amplification.
  • flap piston 16 is shown to be at the limit of its clockwise'rotation, and this limit may be established by one or more stops (not shown) in the housing, or, preferably, by having a portion of the lower surface 19 of the flap piston 16 suitably shaped to accept the perigee portion of the rotary piston 21; but even this shaping is not essential. It will be realized that as the rotary piston 21 continues to rotate clockwise under the pressure of the expanding gases, its equi-radius perigee portion will hold the flap piston 16 at the illustrated position. (See FIG. 3.)
  • the above explained operation was assumed to begin at a given instant when the combustion chamber of FIG. 1 was freshly charged with a fresh combustible I mixture.
  • the assumed starting instant would have been preceededby a prior gas explosion, and the now burned-out (exhaust) gases from that prior explosion would be filling the volume (exhaust chamber 27 of FIG. 2) on the distal side of the rotary piston 21.
  • the volume of the exhaust chamber 27 is, in part, defined by the location of the leading surface 29 of the rotary piston 21, so that as the rotary piston 21 continues its clockwise rotation, its leading surface 29 progressively reduces the volume of the exhaust chamber 27.
  • the exhaust gases in the exhaust chamber 27 are progressively forced out of the exhaust chamber, being forced to flow out through an exhaust port, or valve, 28.
  • FIG. 3 shows the situation at a later moment. Now, the exhaust gases from the previous explosion have been practically driven out of the cylinder; and as the rotary piston 21 continues to rotate clockwise in the direction of arrow 23, its leading surface 29 bears against the'undersurface 19 of the flap piston 16. Due to the shapes of the contacting peripheries, the clockwise rotating rotary piston 21 now cams the flap piston 16 in a counterclockwise direction indicated by arrow 31 that is opposite to its previous direction, thus causing flap piston 16 to undergo an oscillatory or At the instant indicated in FIG. 3, the intake valve 13 may be opened to introduce a new charge of a combustible mixture into the lobe 14a of the combustion chamber. i
  • FIG. 4 shows that, as the flap piston 16 is further camrned in a counterclockwise direction, its tip 24 soon passes wall-point 25, thus closing the throat.
  • piston 16 and the rotary piston 21 take the general form of flap plates having thicknesses that are determined by the power to be developed in the cylinder. It is apparent that each of these moving members should be sealed against each other and against the inner walls of the housing, and such seals are indicated in FIG. 4 at 32, 33, 34, and 35. In actuality, however, the practical sealing problems have been solved, and the seal solutions are shown and explained in POPULAR SCIENCE, October 1969, Sensational New Mercedes I-Ias Triple-Rotor Wankel Engine and in POPULAR SCIENCE, July 1969, Tri-Dyne; Slick New Rotary Engine could Lick the Wankel. i
  • the flap piston 16 has an upper surface 15 that is shown to be relatively flat, although this upper surface and the other surfaces of the combustion chamber may be shaped to take advantage of the well-known wave propagation principles.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional representation of a four cylinder rotary piston engine using the principles explained above. It will be seen that housing 10a forms four cylinders 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d, although the number of cylinders may be extended in view of the power to be generated by the engine.
  • the four rotary pistons 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d areoriented at predetermined angles relative to each other in order to provide a smooth flow of power. As shown, all of the rotary pistons have a common crankshaft 22a, so that each rotary piston applies rotary power to the crankshaft, as explained above.
  • each cylinder-has a flappiston and that these are indicated in FIG. 5 at 16a, 16b, 16c and 16d, their individual angular orientations corresponding to the angular orientations of their associated rotary pistons.
  • the flap pistons 16 may, if desired, pivot on either a common pivot shaft or on individual bearings.
  • FIG. 6 the four rotary pistons 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d are shown in a pictorial view in the same angular orientations as in FIG. 5, and are shown to be connectedto a common crankshaft 22a.
  • the first cylinder 11a is indicative of the compression stage, corresponding roughly to FIG. 1.
  • the second cylinder 1 lb is indicative of the exhaust stage, corresponding roughly to FIG. 4.
  • the third and fourth cylinders, 11c and 11d, are indicative of different portions of the power stage, corresponding roughly to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the advantages of the disclosed rotary piston internal combustion are numerous.
  • the flap piston is relatively small and lightweight; it oscillates through a relatively small angle; its motion is of relatively small amplitude; and it is not forced to undergo high-speed simple harmonic motion. Thus, not only does it develop appreciable power, but it produces minimal vibration.
  • the rotary piston rotates continuously in the same direction; it has minimal acceleration and stoppings. Thus, it too produces minimal vibration.
  • the disclosed engine tends to operate at a lower engine speed than prior art equivalent power engines, since the rotary piston produces the equivalent of a long stroke. Moreover, more power is produced at lower engine speeds than prior'art engines. Further: more, a high compression ratio is easily achieved.
  • the disclosed engine is also advantageous from the point of view of reduced air pollution, as may be understood from the following discussion.
  • the still-hot exhaust gases are immediately discharged into the atmosphere where, due to their still high temperature, they readily react with various chemicals (oxygen, nitrogen, etc.) in the air, to produce smog.
  • the exhaust gases are not discharged until the next rotation of the rotary piston, and by that time they have cooled to a lower temperature that discourages the formation of smog components. 7
  • a rotary combustion engine comprising:
  • combustion chamber having a first lobe, and a second lobe, and a throat interconnecting said first and second lobes of said combustion chamber;
  • a flap piston positioned in said first lobe of said combustion chamber, said flap piston having an irregularly shaped cam configurated lower surface havportion of the second lobe;
  • said convexly domed portion of said irregularly shaped cam configurated lower surface of said flap piston earns the rotary piston into rotary'motion, and the movement of said flap piston from within said first lobe into said second lobe, opens said throat so that theexpanding gases resulting from the explosion occurring in said first lobe of said combustion chamber, pass through the now-open throat to directly ,drive said rotary piston in a rotary power producing manner;
  • said flap piston having a uniform upper surface
  • said uniform upper surface facing said means for admittin acombustible mixture said um orm upper surface provrdmg'a means to compress a combustible mixture after its entry to the first lobe,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
US69533A 1970-09-04 1970-09-04 Rotary piston engine Expired - Lifetime US3707073A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6953370A 1970-09-04 1970-09-04

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US3707073A true US3707073A (en) 1972-12-26

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Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3707073A (it)
JP (1) JPS5231483B1 (it)
DE (1) DE2141895C3 (it)
FR (1) FR2112935A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1354170A (it)
IT (1) IT940899B (it)
SE (1) SE371859B (it)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3844117A (en) * 1972-08-04 1974-10-29 T Ryan Positive displacement brayton cycle rotary engine
US4214557A (en) * 1978-08-15 1980-07-29 Beach Corbett D Jr Pivoting wall type, four stroke, internal combustion, rotary engine
US4272229A (en) * 1978-01-30 1981-06-09 Wabco Westinghouse Gmbh Pivotal piston machine
US4290341A (en) * 1979-07-02 1981-09-22 Scheibengraber Karl J Rotary engine
US4392458A (en) * 1980-09-11 1983-07-12 Gummeringer Henry E Internal combustion engine with double oscillating pistons
US4487167A (en) * 1982-01-22 1984-12-11 Williams Robert H Oscillating piston diesel engine
WO2000045032A1 (en) * 1999-01-18 2000-08-03 Valde, Iiris, Kyllikki Lever-mechanism motor or pump
RU2184254C2 (ru) * 2000-09-12 2002-06-27 Шакиров Мубарак Шакирович Двигатель внутреннего сгорания
WO2003012259A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Veikko Kalevi Rantala Method for increasing the effect to be produced in a motor, pump or the like
US20050246859A1 (en) * 2004-05-03 2005-11-10 Castronovo Charles A Rotary engines
CN101215990B (zh) * 2007-12-27 2011-06-22 黄天山 摆动活塞式转子发动机
EP2439387A4 (en) * 2009-05-06 2015-04-22 Dockjong Ki SEPARATE CIRCULAR MOTOR

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5362355A (en) * 1976-11-16 1978-06-03 Ohbayashigumi Ltd Method of dehydrating turbid water

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US878543A (en) * 1907-09-09 1908-02-11 Wincenty Krygowski Steam-engine.
US1019177A (en) * 1909-02-25 1912-03-05 Rolla A Morton Internal-combustion rotary engine.
US1088391A (en) * 1905-12-30 1914-02-24 Fred A Almy Rotary engine.
US1581148A (en) * 1923-03-08 1926-04-20 William A Williams Rotary gasoline motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1088391A (en) * 1905-12-30 1914-02-24 Fred A Almy Rotary engine.
US878543A (en) * 1907-09-09 1908-02-11 Wincenty Krygowski Steam-engine.
US1019177A (en) * 1909-02-25 1912-03-05 Rolla A Morton Internal-combustion rotary engine.
US1581148A (en) * 1923-03-08 1926-04-20 William A Williams Rotary gasoline motor

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3844117A (en) * 1972-08-04 1974-10-29 T Ryan Positive displacement brayton cycle rotary engine
US4272229A (en) * 1978-01-30 1981-06-09 Wabco Westinghouse Gmbh Pivotal piston machine
US4214557A (en) * 1978-08-15 1980-07-29 Beach Corbett D Jr Pivoting wall type, four stroke, internal combustion, rotary engine
US4290341A (en) * 1979-07-02 1981-09-22 Scheibengraber Karl J Rotary engine
US4392458A (en) * 1980-09-11 1983-07-12 Gummeringer Henry E Internal combustion engine with double oscillating pistons
US4487167A (en) * 1982-01-22 1984-12-11 Williams Robert H Oscillating piston diesel engine
WO2000045032A1 (en) * 1999-01-18 2000-08-03 Valde, Iiris, Kyllikki Lever-mechanism motor or pump
RU2184254C2 (ru) * 2000-09-12 2002-06-27 Шакиров Мубарак Шакирович Двигатель внутреннего сгорания
WO2003012259A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Veikko Kalevi Rantala Method for increasing the effect to be produced in a motor, pump or the like
EA005444B1 (ru) * 2001-07-31 2005-02-24 Веикко Калеви Рантала Способ повышения выходной характеристики двигателя, насоса или подобного устройства
US20070131197A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2007-06-14 Rantala Velkko K Method for increasing the effect to be produced in a motor, pump or the like
CN100519993C (zh) * 2001-07-31 2009-07-29 V·K·冉塔拉 用于提高发动机、泵或类似装置的功率输出的方法
US7600501B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2009-10-13 Velkko Kalevi Rantala Method for increasing the effect to be produced in a motor, pump or the like
US20050246859A1 (en) * 2004-05-03 2005-11-10 Castronovo Charles A Rotary engines
CN101215990B (zh) * 2007-12-27 2011-06-22 黄天山 摆动活塞式转子发动机
EP2439387A4 (en) * 2009-05-06 2015-04-22 Dockjong Ki SEPARATE CIRCULAR MOTOR

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1354170A (en) 1974-06-05
SE371859B (it) 1974-12-02
FR2112935A5 (it) 1972-06-23
DE2141895A1 (de) 1972-03-09
DE2141895B2 (de) 1973-10-18
JPS5231483B1 (it) 1977-08-15
IT940899B (it) 1973-02-20
DE2141895C3 (de) 1974-05-16

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