US3729286A - Heating furnace provided with high velocity gas burners - Google Patents

Heating furnace provided with high velocity gas burners Download PDF

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Publication number
US3729286A
US3729286A US00151446A US3729286DA US3729286A US 3729286 A US3729286 A US 3729286A US 00151446 A US00151446 A US 00151446A US 3729286D A US3729286D A US 3729286DA US 3729286 A US3729286 A US 3729286A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
gas burners
high velocity
velocity gas
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00151446A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Iida
K Watanabe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP6899870U external-priority patent/JPS494093Y1/ja
Priority claimed from JP11056570U external-priority patent/JPS4940651Y1/ja
Priority claimed from JP13640770U external-priority patent/JPS5018974Y1/ja
Application filed by Tokyo Gas Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3729286A publication Critical patent/US3729286A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups F27B1/00 - F27B15/00
    • F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
    • F27B17/0033—Chamber type furnaces the floor of the furnaces consisting of the support carrying the charge, e.g. car type furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • F27B9/3011—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03005—Burners with an internal combustion chamber, e.g. for obtaining an increased heat release, a high speed jet flame or being used for starting the combustion

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A high velocity gas burner has a combustion chamber.
  • a tapered outlet nozzle is formed at one end of the 30 F
  • a l P D t melgn pplcauon nonty a a combustion chamber and has a cross-sectional area J y 1970 Japan -...45/68998 smaller than that of the combustion chamber.
  • the Nov. 7, 1970 Japan ...45/110565 chamber also has an air inlet. An air flow equalizing Dec.
  • Japan ..45/1364()7 plate having a number of air passage holes therein is disposed within the combustion chamber adjacent the [52] U.S.Cl. ..431/174,431/115,431/158, i n n a l inl m n x en s in o the I 431/17] chamber adjacent the air inlet and the air flow 51 1 1m. c1. ..F23c 5/08 equalizing plate- [58] Field ofSearch ..431/1l5, 158,353, 431/171, 174
  • a first object of the present invention is to obtain a high temperature, high velocity hot gas stream by conducting high fuel throughput combustion in a combustion chamber of a gas burner, without attaching a special device to said gas burner.
  • a second object of the invention is to modify a conventional heating furnace in a manner such that it is adapted to use such a high velocity gas burner and to enable said gas burner to exhibit its characteristic features in said furnace, thereby to simplify the heating furnace and improve the temperature distribution in said heating furnace.
  • FIGS. la and 1b are a vertical cross-sectional view and a partial front elevation view of an embodiment of the high velocity gas burner according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1c and 1d are similar views of a slightly modified embodiment of the gas burner
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary transverse cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a heating furnace provided with the high velocity gas burner of FIGS. la and lb;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line III- III of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the heating furnace provided with the high velocity gas burner of FIGS. 10 and 1d;
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevation view of still another embodiment of a heating furnace provided with the high velocity gas burner of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line VI---VI of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of a heating furnace comprising in combination the high velocity gas burners of the invention and low velocity gas burners;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line VIIlVIlI of FIG. 7.
  • reference numeral 1 designates a combustion chamber of a gas burner according to the invention defined by a burner tile 2 and at one end of the combustion chamber is formed a tapered nozzle 3 having a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the combustion chamber 1.
  • the tapered nozzle 3 may be formed on the center line of the burner as shown in FIGS. 10 and 1d, or at right angles or a suitable angle to said center line as shown in FIGS. 1a and lb.
  • the nozzle end preferably has a slit-like shape as shown, because the slit-like shape is advantageous over a circular shape with the same cross-sectional area in that the surface area of the jet of gases discharged from the nozzle can be made larger and in that the jet of gases expands greatly when the gas burner is mounted in a heating furnace.
  • a back flow of combustion gases is formed within the combustion chamber in a direction reverse to the jetting direction of the combustion gases, which provides for thorough mixing of fuel gas and air, and also smooth high fuel throughput combustion.
  • Reference numeral 4 designates an air flow equalizing plate having a number of air passage holes 5 formed therein.
  • the air flow equalizing plate 4 is connected to the inner end of a gas pipe 6 extending along the center line of the burner and located within the combustion chamber 1. While in the embodiment shown, the air flow equalizing plate 4 has a cross-sectional shape which expands in the direction of jetting, i.e., into chamber 1, it may be at right angles to the center line of the burner. Further, the angle of the air flow equalizing plate 4 to the center line of the burner can be changed according to the purpose of the high velocity gas burner of the invention. This air flow equalizing plate 4 serves to promote mixing of the fuel gas with air and also to retain flames therein or throughout.
  • the presence of a large number of the air passage holes 5 in the air flow equalizing plate 4 causes the combustion region to be shifted according to the quantity of fuel gas supplied. For instance, when the quantity of of fuel gas is small relative to the quantity of air, the fuel gas burns near the air passage holes 5, whereas when the quantity of fuel gas is large relative to the quantity of air, the fuel gas burns over the entire surface of the air flow equalizing plate 4.
  • Reference numeral 7 designates a pilot burner around which the gas pipe 6 is concentrically positioned and so constructed as to form a pilot flame inside the air flow equalizing plate 4. With such a construction, the pilot burner 7 can positively ignite the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber 1. Further, since the pilot flame is formed inside the air flow equalizing plate 4, overheating of the subject high velocity burner body, which would otherwise be caused by the pilot flame, can be avoided. This is advantageous in prolonging the useful life of the high velocity gas burner.
  • the fuel gas is introduced from a gas inlet port 8 through the gas pipe 6 into the inside of the air flow equalizing plate 4, namely into the combustion chamber 1.
  • air is introduced from an air inlet port 9 through the air passage holes 5 into the combustion chamber 1.
  • the fuel gas and air are mixed and ignited by the pilot burner 7.
  • the combustion is commenced. Since the cross-sectional area of the nozzle 3 is smaller than that of the combustion chamber 1 as stated previously, the heat generated in the combustion chamber by the fuel throughput in this case reaches as high as 5,000 20,000 X 10 Kcal/m.hr.
  • the resultant combustion gases are jetted from the nozzle 3 in the form of a hot gas stream.
  • the velocity of the hot gas stream is as high as 100 SOOm/second.
  • the high velocity gas burner of the invention is capable of excess air ratio combustion as stated above and a satisfactory combustion can be obtained even at an excess air ratio of 5,000 percent. Therefore, the temperature of the combustion gases jetting from the nozzle 3 is not always high.
  • the combustion gases can be discharged as a stream of warm gas, for example, at a temperature of 100 C. This is advantageous in that when the gas burner is mounted in a heating furnace, local heating of the furnacecan be avoided and a uniform temperature distribution can be obtained within said furnace.
  • FIGS. 2 to 8 show heating furnaces comprising the subject high velocity gas burner.
  • these high velocity gas burners a a are longitudinally mounted in the opposite side walls of the furnace body.
  • Reference numeral designates curved portions formed on the inner surface of the furnace wall at locations forwardly of the nozzle openings of the respective gas burners.
  • the high temperature, high velocity hot gas stream jetting from each of the high velocity gas burners a a circulates within the furnace as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2, while drawing with them the gases in the furnace at the time of jetting.
  • a projection 11 is provided forwardly of each of the high velocity gas burners a a a part of the hot gas streamsjetting from the gas burners a a is directed towards the central portion of the furnace, and the other part thereof is accelerated by being drawn by the gas streams jetting from the successive gas burners a and a and directed towards the gas burners a and a upon being deflected 90 by the curved portions 10 respectively, as indicated in FIG. 2. Since the high temperature, high velocity hot gas streams circulate Within the furnace while drawing the gases in said furnace as stated above, the gas temperature within the furnace is made uniform and thus the temperature distribution in the furnace is improved.
  • the hot gas streams when deflected by the curved portions 10, form hot gas curtains, so that the interior of the furnace is completely blocked off from the exterior even when a door 12 is opened.
  • the remarkable advantage brought about by the hot air curtains thus formed, is that a desired number of heating zones 13, I4 can be successively formed longitudinally of the furnace, providing for zone control, or otherwise the entire furnace can be used as a single heating zone 13.
  • the above-described advantage of the hot air curtains can similarly be obtained with a single heating zone.
  • the heating furnace has a plurality of heating zones or a single heating zone, the number of the high velocity gas burners to be mounted in the furnace and the formation of the projections 11 can be determined according to the purpose of use of the heating furnace. While in the embodiment of FIGS.
  • the high velocity gas burners are mounted in a horizontal position, it is to be understood that they may be mounted in a vertical position in the top wall of the furnace as shown in FIG. 4 or at any other locations of the furnace at a suitable angle of inclination. Namely,
  • the gas burners by suitably selecting the positions and locations of the gas burners, it is possible to circulate the gases in a horizontal plane as shown in FIG. 2, in a vertical plane as shown in FIG. 4, along the diagonal lines randomly by aligning the axes of the nozzles with said diagonal lines or randomly by directing the nozzles of opposed gas burners against each other.
  • the curved portions 10 must be formed on the inner surface of the furnace forwardly of nozzles of the respective burners in any case.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 there is shown a furnace the bottom of which is defined by the platform on a car, hereinafter called a car bottom furnace, the furnace comprisingthe gas burners of the invention so arranged as to attain uniform hot gas flow distribution as well as the heat distribution compensation peculiar to the car bottom furnace.
  • Reference numeral 15 designates a plurality of grooves formed in the bed of a car 16.
  • the high velocity gas burners a of the invention are mounted alternately in the opposite side walls of the furnace so that the high temperature, high velocity hot gas streams jetting from the respective gas burners will pass through the respective grooves 15.
  • curved portions 10 must of course be formed on the inner surfaces of the side walls at locations opposite to the respective gas burners a
  • the hot gas stream jetting from each of the high velocity gas burners a passes through a groove 15 while drawing the gases within the furnace and is deflected by the curved portion 10 opposite to the gas burner, to circulate within the furnace. Therefore, the temperature at the furnace floor becomes extremely high and an article in the furnace can be uniformly heated.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 a heating furnace comprising in combination high velocity gas burners according to the invention and low velocity gas burners.
  • reference numeral 17 designates the low velocity gas burners mounted in the bottom portions of the furnace walls, and having checkers 18 provided forwardly of said low velocity gas burners and defining the end of a combustion chamber 19 for the low velocity gas burners 17 having upwardly opening ports 19a.
  • High velocity gas burners a are mounted above the low velocity gas burners 17.
  • High velocity gas burners 0 designed for jetting the combustion gases at right angles to the center line of the burner and for jetting the combustion gases in the axial direction of the burner can be used in the combination as shown.
  • Reference numeral 20 designates exhaust openings.
  • the resulting combustion gases partially pass through the checkers 18 towards the center of the furnace and partially flow upwards through ports into the furnace, as shown.
  • the high temperature, high velocity hot gas streams jetting from the high velocity gas burners a circulate in the upper portion of the furnace. Therefore, the ascending combustion gases from the low velocity gas burners 17 are stirred by the circulating hot gas streams.
  • Such stirring action brings about the remarkable advantage that the temperatures of the ascending combustion gases and the high velocity hot gas streams are uniformalized and an excellent temperature distribution is produced within the furnace.
  • the internal temperature of the furnace can be closely controlled and the-thermal efficiency can be markedly enhanced.
  • a heating furnace comprising a furnace chamber, a plurality of high velocity gas burners mounted in the walls of said furnace chamber, each high velocity gas burner comprising a combustion chamber, a tapered outlet nozzle formed at one end of said combustion chamber and having a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the combustion chamber, said chamber having an air inlet, an air flow equalizing plate having a number of air passage holes therein and disposed within said combustion chamber adjacent said air inlet and a fuel inlet means extending into said chamber adjacent said air inlet and said air flow equalizing plate and curved portions formed on the inner surface of the furnace walls at locations opposite to the outlet nozzles of the respective gas burners for diverting the flow of the hot gas streamsjetting from said gas burners.
  • a heating furnace comprising a furnace chamber, a plurality of high velocity gas burners mounted in the walls of said furnace chamber, each high velocity gas burner comprising a combustion chamber, a tapered outlet nozzle formed at one end of said combustion chamber and having a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the combustion chamber, said chamber having an air inlet, an air flow equalizing plate having a number of air passage holes therein and disposed within said combustion chamber adjacent said air inlet and a fuel inlet means extending into said chamber adjacent said air inlet and said air flow equalizing plate, said furnace having a bottom comprised of the bed ofa car having grooves thereacross, and the high velocity gasburners are ositioned to direct the hot gas streams etting from sai gas burners through the grooves 1n the bed of the car.
  • a heating furnace comprising a furnace chamber, a plurality of high velocity gas burners mounted in the walls of said furnace chamber, each high velocity gas burner comprising a combustion chamber, a tapered outlet nozzle formed at one end of said combustion chamber and having a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the combustion chamber, said chamber having an air inlet, an air flow equalizing plate having a number of air passage holes therein and disposed within said combustion chamber adjacent said air inlet and a fuel inlet means extending into said chamber adjacent said air inlet and said air flow equalizing plate, said furnace further comprising a plurality of low velocity gas burners mounted in the lower portion of the furnace, the high velocity gas burners being mounted in the upper portion of the furnace, the combustion gases discharged from the low velocity gas burners ascending in the furnace and being stirred by the hot gas streams jetting from said high velocity gas burners.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
US00151446A 1970-07-10 1971-06-09 Heating furnace provided with high velocity gas burners Expired - Lifetime US3729286A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6899870U JPS494093Y1 (2) 1970-07-10 1970-07-10
JP11056570U JPS4940651Y1 (2) 1970-11-07 1970-11-07
JP13640770U JPS5018974Y1 (2) 1970-12-26 1970-12-26

Publications (1)

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US3729286A true US3729286A (en) 1973-04-24

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US00151446A Expired - Lifetime US3729286A (en) 1970-07-10 1971-06-09 Heating furnace provided with high velocity gas burners

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US (1) US3729286A (2)
DE (1) DE2134330C3 (2)
FR (1) FR2100480A5 (2)
GB (1) GB1321926A (2)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146357A (en) * 1975-07-30 1979-03-27 Hotwork International Limited Fuel fired burners
WO1999056060A1 (de) * 1998-04-23 1999-11-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brennkammeranordnung
US20040091830A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2004-05-13 Ws Warmeprozesstechnik Gmbh Flameless oxidation burner

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3102833A1 (de) * 1981-01-29 1982-08-12 Wistra GmbH Thermoprozesstechnik, 4000 Düsseldorf Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betrieb eines hochgeschwindigkeitsbrenners
US5266024A (en) * 1992-09-28 1993-11-30 Praxair Technology, Inc. Thermal nozzle combustion method
NL1000126C2 (nl) * 1995-04-12 1996-10-15 Adriaan Cornelis Christiaan Hu Hoge-snelheidsbrander voor keramische ovens.
IT1290102B1 (it) * 1997-03-17 1998-10-19 Siti Forno per la cottura di materiali ceramici
US6244854B1 (en) * 1999-05-13 2001-06-12 The Boc Group, Inc. Burner and combustion method for the production of flame jet sheets in industrial furnaces
CN105605919B (zh) * 2016-03-09 2017-09-12 浙江尚鼎工业炉有限公司 一种高效加热炉
CN105588437B (zh) * 2016-03-09 2017-12-01 浙江尚鼎工业炉有限公司 一种可快速升温的工业炉

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR901222A (fr) * 1943-03-01 1945-07-20 Rohrenwerke A G Deutsche Brûleur immergé
US2572338A (en) * 1950-07-28 1951-10-23 Universal Oil Prod Co Autothermic cracking reactor
US2725929A (en) * 1951-11-24 1955-12-06 Selas Corp Of America Combustion chamber type burner
US3084525A (en) * 1959-01-27 1963-04-09 Saint Gobain Manufacture of fibers from thermoplastic material, particularly glass fibers
US3342241A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-09-19 Phillips Petroleum Co Combustion apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR901222A (fr) * 1943-03-01 1945-07-20 Rohrenwerke A G Deutsche Brûleur immergé
US2572338A (en) * 1950-07-28 1951-10-23 Universal Oil Prod Co Autothermic cracking reactor
US2725929A (en) * 1951-11-24 1955-12-06 Selas Corp Of America Combustion chamber type burner
US3084525A (en) * 1959-01-27 1963-04-09 Saint Gobain Manufacture of fibers from thermoplastic material, particularly glass fibers
US3342241A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-09-19 Phillips Petroleum Co Combustion apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146357A (en) * 1975-07-30 1979-03-27 Hotwork International Limited Fuel fired burners
WO1999056060A1 (de) * 1998-04-23 1999-11-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brennkammeranordnung
US6568190B1 (en) 1998-04-23 2003-05-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Combustion chamber assembly
US20040091830A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2004-05-13 Ws Warmeprozesstechnik Gmbh Flameless oxidation burner
US7029271B2 (en) * 2002-04-19 2006-04-18 Ws Warmeprozesstechnik Gmbh Flameless oxidation burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2100480A5 (2) 1972-03-17
GB1321926A (en) 1973-07-04
DE2134330A1 (de) 1972-01-13
DE2134330B2 (de) 1978-02-23
DE2134330C3 (de) 1978-10-26

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