US3743782A - Storage container for night storage air heater - Google Patents

Storage container for night storage air heater Download PDF

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Publication number
US3743782A
US3743782A US00084732A US3743782DA US3743782A US 3743782 A US3743782 A US 3743782A US 00084732 A US00084732 A US 00084732A US 3743782D A US3743782D A US 3743782DA US 3743782 A US3743782 A US 3743782A
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storage
panel
heating element
heating
storage bodies
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00084732A
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English (en)
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N Laing
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/002—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release using electrical energy supply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to night space storage heaters, in which the thermal energy is stored during the night by melting of suitable storage masses which preferably have a temperature of crystallization below the temperature of carbonization.
  • the temperature of carbonization is that temperature above which the particles of dust present in the ambient air disintegrate and emit an odor.
  • the insulating layers which in the case of conventional night storage heaters occupy the major part of the overall volume, become of negligible thickness and may as a rule be dispensed with altogether.
  • the advantage attendant upon the use of low temperatures of crystallization is however counteracted by the disadvantage that the walls of the storage vessel through which the heating current passes and which are in contact with the ambient air so as to give off the stored heat, need to have a very large surface since the natural gradient to the temperature of the ambient air is correspondingly low.
  • the storage vessels can only be constructed of very thin walls, since the ratio of the wall material to the storage mass is otherwise disproportionately large.
  • non-metalic materials for storage are used, poor thermal conductivity becomes a problem so that it becomes advantageous to use a thinwall construction for the container.
  • a high degree of rigidity of the storage containers is required from the point of view of adequate thermal contact with the heating elements. For statical reasons also a degree of rigidity is necessary which permits the storage bodies to be self-supportingly erected or suspended.
  • the invention relates to economical constructions of and manufacturing processes for storage containers which meet the requirements of minimizing the amount of material used, whilst providing surfaces of adequate size facing air channels.
  • the invention also take into account that, from the point of view of the danger of egress of molten storage mass and ingress of air to the storage mass, seams which communicate with the outside should be of minimum overall length, in order to reduce the probability of leakage to the outside to a minimum.
  • the invention solves the problem, i.e.
  • the storage bodies in accordance with the invention become so rigid that they can be pressed together with the heating elements utilized to heat the storage mass.
  • the heating elements are pressed against the storage containers by means of resilient components, so that a secure juxtaposition for the avoidance of heat radiation is ensured over the entire surface of the storage bodies provided.
  • the resilient components proposed by the invention are mats ofa material of rubber-like elasticity or also metal felts or panels of resilient metal, e.g. hard aluminum.
  • one panel may also be provided which is bent about a folding axis and which is sealed only at the axial ends and, if desired, at the edge opposite the folding axis, e.g. by welding.
  • the heating element may also be arranged in the central plane, but it must be protected against attack by the storage mass.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a storage insert formed of like deep-drawn panels, in section and perspective views respectively.
  • FIG. 3a is an end view of a panel illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3b is a plan view of the panel shown in FIG. 3a.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-section through a different arrangement whilst using the same shaped parts.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show heating elements to an enlarged scale.
  • FIG. 7a is an end view of a further embodiment of a storage container.
  • FIG. 7b is a view similar to FIG. 7a illustrating the container after it has been folded.
  • FIG. 8a is a cross-sectional view of a heat storage oven having a further embodiment of a container.
  • FIG. 8b is an enlarged section of a portion of FIG. 8a illustrating a heating element.
  • FIG. 9a is an enlarged end view of the storage container illustrated in FIG. 8a.
  • FIG. 9b is a plan view of the container illustrated in FIG. 9a.
  • FIG. 10a is a perspective view of corrugated panel used in a still further embodiment of a storage container.
  • FIG. 10b illustrates the panel of FIG. 10a after being folded into an undulating shape.
  • FIG. 10c illustrates the panel of FIG. 1% when squeezed in the corrugated region.
  • FIG. 10d is an enlarged view of a portion of the panel of FIG. 10c illustrating portions of the panel prior to and after the corrugated region has been squeezed together.
  • FIG. l0e is a view of the panel after it has been folded to form a container to enclose the storage mass.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged section of FIG. l0e taken along line X-X illustrating the means for closing that end of the container formed in FIG. l0e.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show manufacturing steps and parts of the heating body made from a folded panel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section through the insert of a night storage space heater, comprising of two like storage elements and a sheet-like heating element therebetween.
  • the storage element comprise of three like sheet metal panels, inwhich bulges I are produced by a deep drawing process.
  • the circumferential seam 2 is made up ofa flat flanged strip along two of the sides of two of the panels and is produced by roller seam welding the strips together, whilst the bridges 3 lying in the plane of origin are connected together by spot welds 4.
  • the bulges I have corrugations 5, by means of which on the one hand the volume of the individual storage containers or chambers 6 and to the same extent the surface of the air channels 7 is enlarged, whilst the hydraulic radius which determines the natural convection is not correspondingly reduced. Where two of the panels having bulges are connected together along their flat flanged strips, one panel becomes an oppositely disposed wall member with respect to the other panel such that the bulges of each panel together form an individual storage container 6.
  • the space for accommodating the storage mass 6' is bounded by a sheet metal panel 8 which is connected by a roller seam weld 2 and a spot weld 4' with the bulged panels in like manner.
  • Panel 8 comprises a wall member which is oppositely disposed to the panel having the bulges.
  • the heating current flows through the sheet metal walls 1, 1 as well as through the storage mass 6, whose largest cross-section faces the heating element 7 which is in the form of a sheet.
  • the two storage element which between them enclose the heating element 8 are pressed together by brackets 9, so that the heating element 7 is uniformly pressed against the sheet metal panels 8.
  • Channels 10 are provided in the vicinity of the upper boundary, through which the adjacent storage mass spaces or chambers 6 and 6" communicate.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of the storage insert in accordance with FIG. 1.
  • the overall length 11 is so chosen that the insert can be carried by one person and inserted into a housing.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan and side view of deep drawn sheet metal panels for a storage insert according to FIG. 1.
  • Folds 30 are provided between the bulges 1, whereby a greater depth 31 of the bulges can be achieved for a given amount of stretching.
  • the edge strip 32 shown cross-hatched, is severed along the section line 33.
  • FIG. 4 shows a storage insert using storage elements similar to those in FIG. 1, but in which the heating element 40 is in the form of a sheet-like heating foil, which is inserted between the interlaced bulges 41 and 41.
  • FIG; shows to an enlarged scale the region marked by the circle 12 in FIG. 1.
  • insulating foils 50, 50 are provided on whose internal sides undulating metal layers 51 are arranged preferably by vapor deposition of metal layers. These heat producing metal layers 51 are interrupted for the purpose of increasing the resistance only where heat is withdrawn from the heating element, whilst they are continuous between the storage containers in the -zone 13 (FIG. 1) and thereby generate only a small amount of heat.
  • the two insulating foils enclose between them a mat 52 of silicon foam rubber, which causes the insulating foil 50 to lie uniformly against the sheet metal panels 8.
  • FIG. 6 shows the same construction as FIG. 5, but the insulating foil 50 is insulated towards the inside by means of an uncoated insulating foil 61 and a mat 62 consisting of thin resilient metal wires is formed.
  • FIG. 7 shows two process steps for the manufacture of storage bodies comprising of two sheet metal panels 70, 70. After the bulges 71 have been produced, the panels are connected together along the seam 72, and thereafter folded along the edges 73.
  • the air channel 74 has arched portions 75 which result in a region of large hydraulic cross-section.
  • FIG. 8 shows a horizontal sectionthrough a storage oven and a plan of the storage insert.
  • the rear wall of the storage oven is united with the wall of the room 81.
  • a thin insulating layer 82 is provided therebetween.
  • the storage elements 83 are in the form of flat, undulating hollow bodies, which enclose between them triangular air channels 84.
  • the heating element which consists of a sheet-like heating foil 86 coated on both sides, two insulating foils 87, 87 and two aluminum panels 88, 88 is clamped by bending it into an undulating shape.
  • the fins 89 protrude into the air channels 84.
  • the heating element is everywhere contiguous to either the back or the opposite back 85.
  • the aluminum sheets 88, 88' may also be used to form the outer boundary 88", 89", whereby the heat emission is improved.
  • the storage elements 83 and 83' are relatively stressed by means of a resilient steel wire 90.
  • FIG. 9 shows to an enlarged scale a plan and a side view of one wave of the undulatingstorage container 83.
  • the sheet metal or plastics panel, of which the storage body is to be made is corrugated approximately along the seam 91. Thereafter the bulges 92 are made, and then the weld of the two terminal regions along the seam 91 as well as the vertical seams 93.
  • indentations 94 are also provided, by means of which the resilient steel wire 90, which presses the two storage elements 83 and 83 together, is stressed, after positioning the heating element therebetween.
  • FIG. 10 shows the process steps for the manufacture of a storage insert from one sheet metal or plastics panel only.
  • FIG. 10a shows the first step, the manufacture of corrugations 101, the regions 102 not being corrugated.
  • FIG. 10b shows the result of the next process step.
  • the panel as shown in 10a is folded into an undulating shape about the folding axis 103.
  • FIG. shows the further intermediate step, in which squeezing takes place along the folding axis 105, by means of a prism 104 and a press (not shown) applied from above, whereby the corrugations 101 are squeezed together in the corrugated region 106.
  • FIG. 10d shows the corrugated region before it is squeezed together on the left, and on the right the corrugated region after it has been squeezed together, the folds 107 at the narrowest point being closely juxtaposed.
  • FIG. 10e shows the finished insert.
  • the panel was folded together and welded along the flanged strip 108 so as to form a seal.
  • the sheet-like heating element 110 which is hermetically sealed into a plastics or sheet metal envelope is inserted between the inwardly directed backs 109, 109. Finally, a lid 110a is put on for closing off the storage body.
  • the two opposed folds of the panel form wall members which are oppositely deposed to each other and the opposed depressed portions of the undulated shape form the chamber holding the storage material.
  • FIG. 11 shows a section through the lid according to FIG. l0e along the section line X-X.
  • the edges of the storage body according to FIG. l0e protrude into the slits 110, whilst the leads 112 are taken through the aperture 111 to the heating element.
  • a heat storage container having at least one panel forming a wall of said container, an oppositely disposed wall member of said container, a plurality of chambers formed in part by said panel, a storage material in said chambers which stores heat predominently in the form of heat of crystallization, a plurality of air channels through which ambient air may flow formed in part by said panel, and an electrical resistance element for heating said material during periods of low tariff, characterized in that said heater is in the form of a sheet, in that said panel has a plurality of depressions formed thereon where said depressions extend in the direction and form on one side of the panel a part of said air channels and on the other side of the panel a part of said chambers with the chambers alternating with the air passages, and in that the panel has a flat flanged strip extending along two sides thereof sealingly connected to said oppositely disposed wall member.
  • a heat storage container according to claim 1 further characterized in that said oppositely disposed wall member comprises a second panel and in that the panels are sealingly connected together along their flanged strips and wherein the depressions of each panel are deposed opposite one another to form said chambers holding said storage material;
  • a heat storage container according to claim 2 further characterized in that said heater element is positioned between oppositely deposed depressions of said two panels.
  • a heat storage container according to claim 1 further characterized in that the depressions have undulating side walls.
  • a heat storage container according to claim 1 further characterized in that said panel is folded on itself to form two folds whereby one fold is said oppositely disposed wall member and whereby portions of a single depression are positioned opposite each other to form a chamber for holding said material, and in that portions of the flanged strip on each of the said two sides of said panel are sealingly connected to each other.
  • a heating element for a storage body characterized in that planar heaters which are insulated on at least one side are uniformly pressed against the storage bodies and in that an elastic mat is provided between the heater and an outside wall or between two heaters for the purpose of compensating for manufacturing tolerances and distortion.
  • a heating element for storage bodies characterized in that the elastic mat consists of silicon foam rubber.
  • a heating element for storage bodies characterized in that it is in the form of an elastic plate of low strength, which is subjected to deformation into an undulating line between storage bodies.
  • a heating element for storage bodies characterized in that the heating body consists of a heat resistant plastics foil, e.g., polyester, to which a conducting layer is applied, e.g., by vapor deposition of aluminum.
  • a heating element for storage bodies according to claim 9 characterized in that one side of every heating body faces the air channel.
  • a heating element for storage bodies characterized in that separately switchable conducting layers are deposited on the two sides of a heating foil, one conducting strip being disposed in the region between two conducting strips which are disposed on the other side.
  • a storage container characterized in that the heating body is embedded between two foils which are welded together along their circumference to form an airtight seal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
US00084732A 1969-11-04 1970-10-28 Storage container for night storage air heater Expired - Lifetime US3743782A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1033569A AT305446B (de) 1969-11-04 1969-11-04 Speicherbehälter für Raumheizgeräte

Publications (1)

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US3743782A true US3743782A (en) 1973-07-03

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US00084732A Expired - Lifetime US3743782A (en) 1969-11-04 1970-10-28 Storage container for night storage air heater

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US (1) US3743782A (fr)
AT (1) AT305446B (fr)
BE (1) BE758315A (fr)
FR (1) FR2069292A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1333056A (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095585A (en) * 1975-12-30 1978-06-20 Compagnie Pour L'etude Et La Realisation De Combustibles Atomiques Solar energy collector with on site storage
US4170261A (en) * 1976-09-24 1979-10-09 Nikolaus Laing Heat storage device
US4193271A (en) * 1977-07-07 1980-03-18 Honigsbaum Richard F Air conditioning system having controllably coupled thermal storage capability
US5896914A (en) * 1993-06-29 1999-04-27 St Speicher-Technologie Gmbh Heater
US6170561B1 (en) * 1999-09-08 2001-01-09 O'grady Mark Heat absorbent device for backup cooling
US6213197B1 (en) * 1997-07-14 2001-04-10 Electrolux Leisure Appliances Ag Air conditioning apparatus as well as components thereof
US20050061023A1 (en) * 1997-07-14 2005-03-24 Dometic Ag Sorption unit for an air conditioning apparatus
US20090236071A1 (en) * 2008-03-21 2009-09-24 Honeywell International Inc. Two fluid thermal storage device to allow for independent heating and cooling
US20170051984A1 (en) * 2014-05-07 2017-02-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method For Producing A Latent Heat Storage Device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2160965B (en) * 1984-06-13 1987-06-17 Electricity Council Thermal storage device
GB8420232D0 (en) * 1984-08-09 1984-09-12 Mono Equipment Ltd Heat accumulator

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1054409A (en) * 1912-09-19 1913-02-25 Alfred Frank Harrison Heating appliance.
US1796317A (en) * 1928-01-30 1931-03-17 Metropolitan Eng Co Radiator
US1840598A (en) * 1924-09-09 1932-01-12 Murray Man Corp Radiator
DE643121C (de) * 1937-03-25 Bergedorfer Eisenwerk Akt Ges Waermeaustauschplatte aus zwei aneinandergelegten Blechen, die z. B. durch Schweissung miteinander verbunden sind
US3356828A (en) * 1964-04-30 1967-12-05 Furness Raymond Francis Electrically heated heat storage apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE643121C (de) * 1937-03-25 Bergedorfer Eisenwerk Akt Ges Waermeaustauschplatte aus zwei aneinandergelegten Blechen, die z. B. durch Schweissung miteinander verbunden sind
US1054409A (en) * 1912-09-19 1913-02-25 Alfred Frank Harrison Heating appliance.
US1840598A (en) * 1924-09-09 1932-01-12 Murray Man Corp Radiator
US1796317A (en) * 1928-01-30 1931-03-17 Metropolitan Eng Co Radiator
US3356828A (en) * 1964-04-30 1967-12-05 Furness Raymond Francis Electrically heated heat storage apparatus

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095585A (en) * 1975-12-30 1978-06-20 Compagnie Pour L'etude Et La Realisation De Combustibles Atomiques Solar energy collector with on site storage
US4170261A (en) * 1976-09-24 1979-10-09 Nikolaus Laing Heat storage device
US4193271A (en) * 1977-07-07 1980-03-18 Honigsbaum Richard F Air conditioning system having controllably coupled thermal storage capability
US5896914A (en) * 1993-06-29 1999-04-27 St Speicher-Technologie Gmbh Heater
US6213197B1 (en) * 1997-07-14 2001-04-10 Electrolux Leisure Appliances Ag Air conditioning apparatus as well as components thereof
US20050061023A1 (en) * 1997-07-14 2005-03-24 Dometic Ag Sorption unit for an air conditioning apparatus
US7065981B2 (en) 1997-07-14 2006-06-27 Dometic Ag Sorption unit for an air conditioning apparatus
US6170561B1 (en) * 1999-09-08 2001-01-09 O'grady Mark Heat absorbent device for backup cooling
US20090236071A1 (en) * 2008-03-21 2009-09-24 Honeywell International Inc. Two fluid thermal storage device to allow for independent heating and cooling
US7980293B2 (en) * 2008-03-21 2011-07-19 Honeywell International Inc. Two fluid thermal storage device to allow for independent heating and cooling
US20170051984A1 (en) * 2014-05-07 2017-02-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method For Producing A Latent Heat Storage Device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2052716A1 (de) 1971-05-13
GB1333056A (en) 1973-10-10
BE758315A (fr) 1971-04-30
DE2052716B2 (de) 1976-11-04
AT305446B (de) 1973-02-26
FR2069292A5 (fr) 1971-09-03

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