US3764239A - Rotary piston engine with trochoidal construction - Google Patents

Rotary piston engine with trochoidal construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US3764239A
US3764239A US00204918A US3764239DA US3764239A US 3764239 A US3764239 A US 3764239A US 00204918 A US00204918 A US 00204918A US 3764239D A US3764239D A US 3764239DA US 3764239 A US3764239 A US 3764239A
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United States
Prior art keywords
trochoid
curve
parallel
shape corresponding
envelope curve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00204918A
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English (en)
Inventor
F Huf
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Dornier System GmbH
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Dornier System GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/22—Rotary-piston machines or engines of internal-axis type with equidirectional movement of co-operating members at the points of engagement, or with one of the co-operating members being stationary, the inner member having more teeth or tooth- equivalents than the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/08—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F01C1/082—Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type machines or engines
    • F01C1/086—Carter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B2053/005—Wankel engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2730/00—Internal-combustion engines with pistons rotating or oscillating with relation to the housing
    • F02B2730/01—Internal-combustion engines with pistons rotating or oscillating with relation to the housing with one or more pistons in the form of a disk or rotor rotating with relation to the housing; with annular working chamber
    • F02B2730/018—Internal-combustion engines with pistons rotating or oscillating with relation to the housing with one or more pistons in the form of a disk or rotor rotating with relation to the housing; with annular working chamber with piston rotating around an axis passing through the gravity centre, this piston or the housing rotating at the same time around an axis parallel to the first axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in a rotary piston engine, of trochoidal construction, wherein for pairing reasons the formation of the housing and the piston rotor is based not only upon the trochoid but also upon the inner or outer envelope curve branches being coordinated thereto, and wherein the gas check between two adjacent working spaces or chambers is effected by means of radial packing strips; the improvement comprising that the housing and piston rotor delimitations consist of a pair of parallel curves on the same side, facing away from the radial packing strip, of the gemoetrically exact curve and extending equidistantly with respect thereto.
  • This type of rotary piston engines can be categorized in two groups: In one group, the inner envelope curve is taken as the trochoid, and in the other group it is the outer envelope curve and, respectively, the branches of the envelope curve, which are employed in order to make up or form the structural machine elements, i.e. housing and piston rotor. In this connection it is immaterial for the investigations involved here which part of the machine is stationary and which is rotary, whether it be the housing or the piston, or whether possibly both machine elements rotate with respect to a reference system being rigidly disposed in space.
  • An equidistant curve trace or course means that parallel curves are produced which have universally the same distance normal to the trochoid.
  • the delimiting lines are positioned outside of the exact curve path, and the delimiting line itself represents a longer curve path than the exact starting curve (the trochoid).
  • parallel curves also can extend within the geometrically exact curve.
  • the outwardly extending longer parallel curve paths will hereinafter be designated as plus equidistants while the inwardly extending shorter parallel curve paths will be referred to as minus equidistants.”
  • the basis of the parallel curve paths is the trochoid, or the inner and/or outer envelope curve, or the envelope curve branch thereof.
  • a gap between structural elements is harmful in a machine, and here, a gap between the housing and the piston rotor involves problems with respect to the compression and the gas check or sealing effect. In order to obtain a high compression, the gap should be kept as small as possible. On the other hand, a small gap results in difficulties with regard to the radial packing strips or seals. In rotary piston engines, radial packing strips are mounted between two adjacent working spaces or chambers in order to create the gas check or sealing effect between the working spaces or chambers. Disadvantages and difficulties will arise in actual practice, however, because the packing strips must glide with the edge thereof on a structural element of the machine and at that time, during the rotation thereof, are
  • the present invention was based on the objective of creating a high-compression rotary piston engine of trochoidal construction while eliminating the difficulties outlined above pertaining to the gas check or sealing effect.
  • the present invention starts from the premise or concept that in the aforementioned trochoidal machines also the inner or outer envelope curve branches assigned to the trochoid be used in addition to the trochoid, for pairing reasons, as a basis for the provision or formation of the housing and the piston rotor.
  • the delimitation of the housing and the piston rotor consists of a pair of parallel curves on the same side facing away from the radial packing strips of the geometrically exact curve (trochoid and/or envelope curve) and extending equidistantly with respect thereto.
  • the distance of the parallel curve extending equidistantly with respect to the trochoid is greater than the distance of the parallel curve extending equidistantly to the envelope curve.
  • the radial packing strips are rounded off semi-cylindrically at the side thereof resting against or making contact with the coordinated gliding surface, and the center of the rounding is positioned on the geometrically exact trochoid, while the radius of the rounding corresponds to the greater one of the two equidistant distances of the pair of parallel curves.
  • the essential idea of the present invention thus is that, in such a pairing system, the so-called simultaneous points of the trochoid are positioned in the center of the radial packing strip rounding.
  • the two structural machine parts or elements, namely the housing and the piston rotor are parallel curves with respect to the geometrically exact curve and are both positioned on the same side of the exact curve.
  • the present invention affords the advantage that the gap between the housing and the piston rotor can be kept very small, i.e. that a high compression can be attained, while the radial packing strip can nevertheless be made in a sufficient strength or thickness and with an exact rounding or roundness. For this reason, the wear and tear of the packing strips is completely uniform, and the disadvantages mentioned hereinabove with respect to damages and even destruction of the packing strip are effectively prevented.
  • the inventive idea is simple to carry out structurally and holds up under a mathematical check since the working spaces or chambers and, respectively, the combustion chambers and the harmful extent of the gap can be accurately calculated.
  • the inventive concept can be readily employed and applied to all trochoidal shapes, i.e. epitrochoids and hypotrochoids of every category, and equally in each pairing system, i.e. both with troghoids with outer enve; lope curve and with trochoids with inner envelope curve.
  • the sealing system is in no way impaired.
  • An additional advantage of the present invention resides in .that the mutually coordinated structural elements, i.e.
  • the following are indicated as exemplary for the application or use of rotary piston engines of the type described herein: internal combustion engines, pumps, or steam engines of any size.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an epitrochoid l l with outer envelope curve
  • FIG. la illustrates a segment from FIG. 1 at an enlarged scale
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an epitrochoid 2 1 with inner envelope curve
  • FIG. 2a illustrates a segment from FIG. 2 at an enlarged scale
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a hypotrochoid 6 l with inner envelope curve
  • FIG. 3a illustrates a segment from FIG. 3 at an enlarged scale.
  • FIGS. 1 and 1a illustrate an example for the pairing arrangement of a trochoid with outer envelope curve.
  • the simplest trochoid namely the epitrochoid l l (the cardioid), has been chosen for this instance.
  • the figures serve merely for explaining the respective relationships; they are not intended to fix or define the actual orders of magnitude either with respect to the absolute gap width or with respect to the size of the individual equidistant distances.
  • the epitrochoid l l is shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1 and identified with reference symbol T1.
  • the assigned outer envelope curve I-I has also been represented therein in dash-dotted lines.
  • the outer envelope curve consists of two envelope curve branches, and in the epitrochoid l 1 shown herein, the right envelope curve branch coincides with the trochoid proper. It is for this reason that in the right-hand portion of FIG. 1 the designation of the outer envelope curve has been placed in parentheses behind the designation T1 of the trochoid.
  • the trochoid T and the outer envelope curve l-I are geometrically exact curve paths.
  • the radial packing strips D are positioned outside the trochoid.
  • parallel curves are devised or projected on the opposite side, i.e. within the trochoid, for the delimitations of the housing and the piston rotor.
  • the parallel curve for the housing has been drawn in as a solid line and is characterized with reference symbol G. It extends at the distance ('Z'G from the envelope curve H and, respectively, the trochoid T
  • the second parallel curve represents the delimiting line for the piston rotor. It is shown in dashed lines and is characterized with reference symbol K.
  • the radial packing strip D is rounded off semicylindrically at the end thereof.
  • the cylinder axis extends through the simultaneous point S and is thus positioned on 'tfixa&&&fi id.fi radius ofthe packing strip rounding corresponds precisely to the greater equidistant of the pair of parallel curves in this case the piston rotor equidistant zi
  • an effective gap there thus remains-only the difference between the two equidistants (Z, and (1' This gap therefore can be kept very small while, nevertheless, the rounding or roundness of the radial packing strip D can be made with a sufficiently large radius.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the example of a pairing of a trochoid with inner envelope curve for the case of an epitrochoid 2:1 (the reniform curve).
  • the trochoid has been shown in dash-dotted lines and is characterized or identified with reference symbol T
  • the coordinated geometrically exact inner envelope curve has not been shown in FIG. 2, but only in FIG. 2a. It has therein equally been illustrated as a dash-dotted curve and is identified in this instance with reference symbol H
  • the trochoid T and the inner envelope curve H both extend through the simultaneous point S which constitutes in this case, analogously to the example of FIG. 1a, the axis of the semi-cylindrical rounding of the packing strip D.
  • the packing strip is mounted within the trochoid so that the parallel curves for the housing and piston rotor delimitations must be chosen on the other side, i.e. outside of the mathematically exact curve.
  • the parallel curves extend here again with the distances +5 (between trochoid T and housing G) and +t'i (between inner envelope curve H, and piston rotor K) from the geometrically exact curves.
  • the sign symbolizes in this case that what is involved are the-aforementioned plus equidistants.
  • FIG. 3 disciassasa'rii'rther embodiment of the present invention a hypotrochoid 6: l with inner envelope curve
  • This pairing arrangement corresponds to the machine design by Sensaud de Lavaud.
  • Sensaud de Lavaud a portion has been shown at an enlarged scale in FIG. 3a.
  • the hypotrochoid has been represented once again in dash-dotted lines as a mathematically exact curve. It is identified with reference symbol T Also the coordinated mathematically exact inner envelope curve H, has been shown in dash-dotted lines Both the trochoid and the envelope curve extend again through the simultane'ous point S. The provision also has been made in this case that the axis of the semi-cylindrical packing strip D extends through S.
  • the housing wall G extends in the distance of +5 as a parallel curve to the inner envelope curve H
  • the piston rotor delimitation K being shown in dashed lines, extends in a distance of +11 ⁇ .
  • a rotary piston engine of trochoidal construction comprising; two major structural elements corresponding to a piston and a housing enclosing said piston, respectively, said structural elements forming working chambers between them, one of said structural elements having a shape corresponding exactly to a curve parallel to a geometrically exact trochoid, the other of said structural elements having a shape corresponding exactly to a curve parallel to a geometrically exact envelope curve of said trochoid, the distance of said curve parallel to said trochoid from said trochoid is greater than the distance of said curve parallel to said envelope curve from said envelope curve and both of said parallel curves are on the same side of one of said trochoid and said envelope curve and radial sealing strips, said sealing strips being mounted on said structural element having a shape corresponding to a curve parallel to said envelope curve, adapted to slide on said structural element having a shape corresponding to a curve parallel to said trochoid and form a seal between each pair of adjacent working chambers, positioned on the side of one of said trocho
  • a rotary piston engine according to claim 1 wherein the structural element having a shape corresponding to a curve parallel to an envelope curve of the trochoid has a shape corresponding to a curve parallel to a geometrically exact inner envelope curve of said trochoid.
  • a rotary piston engine according to claim 1 wherein the structural element having a shape corresponding to a curve parallel to an envelope curve of the trochoid has a shape corresponding to a curve parallel to a geometrically exact outer envelope curve of said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
US00204918A 1970-12-05 1971-12-06 Rotary piston engine with trochoidal construction Expired - Lifetime US3764239A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2059965A DE2059965B2 (de) 1970-12-05 1970-12-05 Rotationskolbenmaschine der Trochoidenbauart

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936248A (en) * 1973-05-11 1976-02-03 Dornier Gmbh Casing for rotary piston engines of trochoidal construction
US3950117A (en) * 1973-06-27 1976-04-13 Jose Ignacio Martin Artajo Machine with rotary articulated pistons
US3994637A (en) * 1974-08-16 1976-11-30 Dornier System Gmbh Rotary piston engine of trochoidal design
US4008017A (en) * 1974-10-31 1977-02-15 Wabco Westinghouse Gmbh Seal arrangement for rotary engines
US4012180A (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-03-15 Curtiss-Wright Corporation Rotary compressor with labyrinth sealing
US4018548A (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-04-19 Curtiss-Wright Corporation Rotary trochoidal compressor
US4021159A (en) * 1974-12-19 1977-05-03 Dornier System Gmbh Housing formation for a rotary piston machine of trochoidal construction with an outer envelope curve
US4070137A (en) * 1976-10-07 1978-01-24 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Rotary mechanism with a continuous curve at the chamber waist
US4395206A (en) * 1981-04-28 1983-07-26 Trochoid Power Corporation Seal compensated geometry rotary motion device
US5769619A (en) * 1996-03-07 1998-06-23 Phoenix Compressor And Engine Corporation Tracked rotary positive displacement device
US6213744B1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-04-10 Ewan Choroszylow Phased rotary displacement device
RU172052U1 (ru) * 2016-02-08 2017-06-28 Владимир Алексеевич Спирин Роторный двигатель внутреннего сгорания
US10087758B2 (en) 2013-06-05 2018-10-02 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Rotary machine
US10837444B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2020-11-17 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Helical trochoidal rotary machines with offset
US11802558B2 (en) 2020-12-30 2023-10-31 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Axial load in helical trochoidal rotary machines
US11815094B2 (en) 2020-03-10 2023-11-14 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Fixed-eccentricity helical trochoidal rotary machines
US12146492B2 (en) 2021-01-08 2024-11-19 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Helical trochoidal rotary machines with improved solids handling
US20250116223A1 (en) * 2023-10-06 2025-04-10 Uditi CHANDRASHEKHAR Rotary piston machine
US12352268B2 (en) 2021-01-08 2025-07-08 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Pumps, compressors, and expanders with a teardrop-shaped rotor

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB583035A (en) * 1943-08-20 1946-12-05 Bernard Maillard A rotary machine generating variable volumes
US2988008A (en) * 1956-02-07 1961-06-13 Wankel And Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Rotary piston machines
US3102492A (en) * 1961-05-10 1963-09-03 Curtiss Wright Corp Compensated rotary mechanism construction
US3226013A (en) * 1964-05-04 1965-12-28 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Rotary machine
US3359950A (en) * 1964-05-29 1967-12-26 Renault Diesel rotary engines
US3465729A (en) * 1968-04-01 1969-09-09 Curtiss Wright Corp Rotary engine corrected for operating deviations
US3685922A (en) * 1969-06-07 1972-08-22 Daimler Benz Ag Rotary piston internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB583035A (en) * 1943-08-20 1946-12-05 Bernard Maillard A rotary machine generating variable volumes
US2988008A (en) * 1956-02-07 1961-06-13 Wankel And Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Rotary piston machines
US3102492A (en) * 1961-05-10 1963-09-03 Curtiss Wright Corp Compensated rotary mechanism construction
US3226013A (en) * 1964-05-04 1965-12-28 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Rotary machine
US3359950A (en) * 1964-05-29 1967-12-26 Renault Diesel rotary engines
US3465729A (en) * 1968-04-01 1969-09-09 Curtiss Wright Corp Rotary engine corrected for operating deviations
US3685922A (en) * 1969-06-07 1972-08-22 Daimler Benz Ag Rotary piston internal combustion engine

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936248A (en) * 1973-05-11 1976-02-03 Dornier Gmbh Casing for rotary piston engines of trochoidal construction
US3950117A (en) * 1973-06-27 1976-04-13 Jose Ignacio Martin Artajo Machine with rotary articulated pistons
US3994637A (en) * 1974-08-16 1976-11-30 Dornier System Gmbh Rotary piston engine of trochoidal design
US4008017A (en) * 1974-10-31 1977-02-15 Wabco Westinghouse Gmbh Seal arrangement for rotary engines
US4021159A (en) * 1974-12-19 1977-05-03 Dornier System Gmbh Housing formation for a rotary piston machine of trochoidal construction with an outer envelope curve
US4018548A (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-04-19 Curtiss-Wright Corporation Rotary trochoidal compressor
US4012180A (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-03-15 Curtiss-Wright Corporation Rotary compressor with labyrinth sealing
US4070137A (en) * 1976-10-07 1978-01-24 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Rotary mechanism with a continuous curve at the chamber waist
US4395206A (en) * 1981-04-28 1983-07-26 Trochoid Power Corporation Seal compensated geometry rotary motion device
US5769619A (en) * 1996-03-07 1998-06-23 Phoenix Compressor And Engine Corporation Tracked rotary positive displacement device
US6213744B1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-04-10 Ewan Choroszylow Phased rotary displacement device
US10844720B2 (en) 2013-06-05 2020-11-24 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Rotary machine with pressure relief mechanism
US10087758B2 (en) 2013-06-05 2018-10-02 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Rotary machine
US11506056B2 (en) 2013-06-05 2022-11-22 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Rotary machine
RU172052U1 (ru) * 2016-02-08 2017-06-28 Владимир Алексеевич Спирин Роторный двигатель внутреннего сгорания
US10844859B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2020-11-24 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Sealing in helical trochoidal rotary machines
US11988208B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2024-05-21 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Sealing in helical trochoidal rotary machines
US11499550B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2022-11-15 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Sealing in helical trochoidal rotary machines
US10837444B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2020-11-17 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Helical trochoidal rotary machines with offset
US11608827B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2023-03-21 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Helical trochoidal rotary machines with offset
US20240280099A1 (en) * 2018-09-11 2024-08-22 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Sealing In Helical Trochoidal Rotary Machines
US11306720B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2022-04-19 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Helical trochoidal rotary machines
US11815094B2 (en) 2020-03-10 2023-11-14 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Fixed-eccentricity helical trochoidal rotary machines
US11802558B2 (en) 2020-12-30 2023-10-31 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Axial load in helical trochoidal rotary machines
US12473912B2 (en) 2020-12-30 2025-11-18 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Axial load in helical trochoidal rotary machines
US12146492B2 (en) 2021-01-08 2024-11-19 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Helical trochoidal rotary machines with improved solids handling
US12352268B2 (en) 2021-01-08 2025-07-08 Rotoliptic Technologies Incorporated Pumps, compressors, and expanders with a teardrop-shaped rotor
US20250116223A1 (en) * 2023-10-06 2025-04-10 Uditi CHANDRASHEKHAR Rotary piston machine
US12540572B2 (en) * 2023-10-06 2026-02-03 Uditi CHANDRASHEKHAR Rotary piston machine

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Publication number Publication date
DE2059965A1 (de) 1972-06-15
DE2059965B2 (de) 1973-10-18
CH534805A (de) 1973-03-15

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