US3769058A - Apparatus and method of patterning sheet material - Google Patents

Apparatus and method of patterning sheet material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3769058A
US3769058A US00131039A US3769058DA US3769058A US 3769058 A US3769058 A US 3769058A US 00131039 A US00131039 A US 00131039A US 3769058D A US3769058D A US 3769058DA US 3769058 A US3769058 A US 3769058A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sheet material
roller
buffing
pressure roller
buffing wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00131039A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Riess
H Schaefer
B Bayer
A Hubert
H Wetteroth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Glanzstoff AG
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Glanzstoff AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glanzstoff AG filed Critical Glanzstoff AG
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Publication of US3769058A publication Critical patent/US3769058A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C23/00—Making patterns or designs on fabrics
    • D06C23/02—Making patterns or designs on fabrics by singeing, teasing, shearing, etching or brushing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
    • B29C59/046—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts for layered or coated substantially flat surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/44—Mechanical treatment of leather surfaces
    • C14B1/56—Ornamenting, producing designs, embossing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/0056—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fabrics
    • D06B11/0066—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fabrics by spaced contacts with a member carrying a single treating material

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Apparatus for brush patterning a synthetic sheet material including a pair of parallel rollers, one of which is a buffing wheel rotated independently of means for transporting the sheet material and the other of which is a pressure roller with an outer elastomeric surface layer containing irregularly shaped indentations around its circumference and positioned at an interval from the buffing wheel roller sufficient to exert a corresponding irregular pressure on the surface being brushed.
  • the apparatus and method further include means for applying a finish coating liquid while transporting the sheet material between the two rollers.
  • One object of the present invention is to produce this brush patterning type of effect of different shades, tints or nuances on the outer surface of artificial leather sheet materials or similar flexible synthetic sheet materials. More particularly, it is an object of the invention to produce such patterning not on the final article such as a shoe or the like, but instead on the initial sheet material before it is fabricated into the final article. Another object of the invention is to achieve this patterning effect of the sheet material as it is being wound and- /or unwound from appropriate take-up or feed spools. Still another object of the invention is to provide suitable apparatus and an operating method which are easily and economically carried out so as to achieve a brush patterning effect which is commercially acceptable and substantially equivalent to that achieved by hand. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon consideration of the following detailed disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view with certain portions omitted of a typical buffing wheel roller used for purposes of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is another perspective view showing the combination of the bufiing wheel roller and the pressure roller of FIGS. 1 and 3 in operative contact with a sheet material being patterned;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a pressure roller according to the invention which is somewhat enlarged in comparison to FIG. 2 and
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow-sheet diagram of the overall apparatus according to the invention, including a preferred sequence of operations.
  • the buffing wheel roller 1 illustrated by way of example consists of a large number of cotton twill discs or annular sheets or layers 2 mounted on a spindle or drive shaft 3 and compressed or held together by suitable flanges 4 at either end of the cylindrically-shaped roll.
  • the intermediate portions of the fabric discs 2 have been omitted in FIG. 1 in order to more clearly point out the fact that a layered construction is especially preferred.
  • These discs 2 can of course consist of other equivalent materials, for example wool, linen, leather, or other similar fibrous materials.
  • this buffing wheel is a relatively conventional element commonly employed to achieve a very mild abrading or polishing action as applied to leathers or other sheet materials.
  • the present invention does not reside in the construction of the particular buffing wheel roller but rather in the manner in which it is combined and used in the apparatus of the invention. It has been found to be most convenient to work with a buffing wheel roller in which the outer diameter is about 30 cm. while its length or effective working width is about 1 meter. In order to prevent excessive abrasion or too rapid a loss of fibers from the peripheral surface of the buffing wheel roller, it is desirable to apply a typical buffing wax onto the outer surface of the buffing roller.
  • Such buffing waxes are quite well known and include a wide variety of organic materials, especially hydrocarbons, the substances usually being a solid at normal temperatures and providing a certain lubricating action and a means of effectively retaining the fibers on the buffing wheel without being rapidly abraded or thrown therefrom.
  • any conventional buffing wax or lubricant preferably by means of an oscillating and evenly pressed wax bar or rod.
  • one embodiment of a pressure roller 5 as an essential element of the present invention includes an outer elastomeric layer or coating of a rubberyelastic material 6 in which there are provided irregularly-shaped indentations 7 around the entire circumference of the roller. These indentations are preferably discontinuous, at least in a circular plane or segment around the periphery or the roller, and can be easily cut into the outer surface or layer 6 of the elastomeric material, which may consist for example of natural rubber or various synthetic rubbers such as butyl rubber, Buna-S or Perbunan. At least one mounting spindle or shaft 8 is preferably provided so that the pressure roller 5 is not driven by its axial shaft but is free to rotate under the action of an applied and transported sheet material.
  • each of the individual indentations as well as their total surface area naturally depends upon the specifically desired pattern and can therefore be varied within wide limits.
  • individual indentations can be varied between limits of approximately 1 to 20 cm. and the depth of the indentations is preferably about 1 to 3 mm. These values represent an especially preferred range in each instance, and it will be understood that special circumstances may require even wider variations.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in partly schematic form the cooperative arrangement of the pair of rollers, i.e., the buffing wheel roller 1 and the pressure roller 5 as they are mutually applied to the sheet material 9 being treated to achieve the desired brush patterning effect.
  • the overall apparatus and procedure may also be reviewed in conjunction with the schematic flow diagram of FIG. 4.
  • the buffing wheel roller 1 is preferably continuously coated with buffing wax from the oscillating or reciprocating bar 10 pressed evenly onto the peripheral surface of the buffing wheel.
  • the buffing wheel roller 1 can be operated at a peripheral speed of about 75 meters/minute opposite to the direction of travel of the sheet material 9 being treated, and in general, it has been found preferable to operate buffing wheels with a variable cylindrical diameter of to 30 cm. within limits of about 600 to 1,300 r.p.m. Again, this speed of the buffing wheel can also be varied within very wide limits, the optimum speeds being easily determined by a few preliminary tests. Since the individual fabric discs 2 making up the cylinder of the buffing wheel are gradually abraded over a long period of operation, they are generally replaced after they have been reduced to about 15 cm. in diameter from their original 30 cm. diameter.
  • the pressure roller 5 is adjustably mounted by any suitable adjustable mounting frame or guide member so as to be placed at a specific interval from the buffing wheel roller 1. ln this manner, a specific pressing effect is produced on the transported sheet of material as indicated by the upward movement of the double-headed arrow on the center line of shaft 8. In other words, a pressure is exerted by the roller 5 upwardly against the underside of the sheet material 9 as the sheet material is passed between the two rollers and is pressed slightly against or in slight buffing contact with the roller 1. The most advantageous amount of pressure is easily determined by the observed action of the brushing effect.
  • the pressure roller 5 be adjustably arranged with its axis parallel to that of the buffing wheel roller, but in such manner that this pressure roller can rotate quite freely under the influence of the sheet material 9 being drawn thereover.
  • the speed of rotation of the pressure roller 5 is determined by the rate at which the sheet material is drawn between the two rollers against the opposing driven rotation of the buffing wheel roller 1.
  • roller 5 is essentially driven by the transported sheet material 9.
  • the sheet material 9 is first withdrawn from a feed spool 11 and drawn upwardly at an inclined angle between the buffing wheel roller 1 and the pressure roller 5.
  • a pair of nip rollers or tensioning rollers 12 can be used to guide and/or tension the sheet material so that it is more smoothly withdrawn and fed from the feed spool 11.
  • a conventional liquid finish is applied thereto, preferably by spraying the liquid as shown at 13.
  • finish coating liquids are available in this art to produce a brush patterning effect, and such finishes generally comprise a liquid solvent, a bonding agent and a dye or pigment component.
  • the exact composition and specific materials employed in such finish coating liquids do not constitute part of the present invention since they are quite common in this art. Adjustments can be made in their compositions in order to achieve the desired rate of application, drying and the like as is known.
  • the sheet material 9 As the sheet material 9 is brought between the motor-driven buffing wheel roller 1 and the pressure roller 5, it adapts itself to the elevated or depressed portions created by the indentations in the elastomeric layer of the pressure roller, so that at those points which are relatively more elevated on the coated surface, the dyed or pigmented coating is partially brushed off depending upon the degree of elevation. In other words, a more complete brushing off is achieved in the relatively more elevated proportions in comparison to the depressed portions. Moreover, the edges or borders between elevated areas and depressed areas resulting from the indentations 7 produce an intermediate effect where the finishing liquid is partially brushed off so that one area blurrs into the other to achieve the desired brush patterning effect due to the resilient pressure exerted by different areas of the pressure roller.
  • the rate at which the sheet material 9 is drawn or transported over the pressure roller 5 in buffing contact with the roller 1 can likewise be varied within relatively wide limits. In general, however, it is especially preferred to transport this sheet material at a rate of l m/min to 10 m/min Again, the relative speeds as between the transported sheet 9 and the roller 1 can be easily determined to achieve an optimum effect by making a few simple routine variations in such speeds while visually observing the effect being obtained.
  • a variable speed motor to draw or transport the sheet material 9 onto the take-up spool 14, or other conventional means can be employed in order to transport the sheet material at a predetermined rate.
  • the sheet material 9 can be conducted through a conventional heating or drying zone beneath any suitable heater or dryer 15, e.g. an infrared heating device, an air dryer or the like.
  • a supporting conveyor such as guide rollers 16 or similar means can be used to support the relatively flexible sheet material until it is taken up on the spool 14.
  • the heating zone can be eliminated and/or the drying zone can be quite short. The rate of drying also depends upon the thickness of the finished coat after it has been brushed, and it will be apparent that a substantial amount of excess liquid should be avoided in achieving a uniform brush patterning effect.
  • the interval between the pressure roller 5 and the buffing wheel roller 1 can be gradually changed by hand as the wheel 1 is gradually worn down over a long period of treatment, or if desired, this gradual reduction of the interval can also be made automatically based upon a certain degree of operating experience.
  • either the buffing wheel 1 or the pressure roller may be spring-tensioned or spring-balanced to achieve a substantially constant interval at all times.
  • the buffing wheel roller 1 In general, very little pressure is exerted by the buffing wheel roller 1 onto the surface of the sheet material 9 as it passes over roller 5, and especially good results are achieved if this roller 1 primarily or exclusively acts as a buffing element to brush off portions of the coated surface of the sheet material, thereby permitting the pressure roller 5 to continuously regulate the particular areas in which more or less of the freshly applied coating liquid is being removed.
  • the patterning effect is not achieved by regulating the pressure of the buffing or brushing element, but instead is achieved by the differ ence in back pressure exerted by the roller 5 due to the difference in size and location of the indentations therein.
  • the apparatus of the invention has been applied to many different porous and non-porous synthetic sheet materials having a relatively smooth surface as distinguished from a highly textured or typical piled textile surface.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the finish coating or brushed coating of artificial leather materials, e.g., in which a bonded or impregnated fibrous fleece or non-woven web has been provided with a polyvinyl chloride or polyurethane surface coating so as to provide a very flexible and relatively elastic sheet material quite similar to natural leather.
  • the thickness of the sheet material can range between about 0.5 mm to 3 mm it again being understood that such parameters may be widely varied in combination with similar variations in the buffing wheel roller and especially the pressure roller.
  • the specific method of applying the liquid finishing coat prior to treatment with the rollers of the invention as well as other steps in the overall process may be varied and adapted to specific circumstances without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
  • Apparatus for the brush patterning of a flexible, smooth-surfaced, synthetic sheet material which comprises:
  • a buffing wheel roller as a first roller rotatably mounted for driven rotation in brushing contact with said sheet material and adapted to be coated on its outer peripheral surface with a buffing wax
  • a pressure roller as a second roller freely rotatably mounted on an axis parallel to the axis of said first roller and at an adjustable interval therefrom for application of back pressure by said second roller against one side of said sheet material passed be tween the rollers, said second roller having an outer elastomeric surface layer containing irregularly shaped indentations around its entire circumference, whereby said sheet material adapts itself to the elevated and depressed portions created by the indentations such that those points which are relatively more elevated on the surface of the sheet material being coated with a finishing liquid are more completely brushed off by contact with said first roller;
  • said buffing wheel roller is composed of a large number of soft, abradable fibrous discs mounted together in compressed cylindrical shape on a common spindle and wherein the outer layer of said pressure roller consists essentially of a natural or synthetic rubber.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including means to apply a buffing wax onto said buffing wheel roller.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including means to dry the finish coated and brushed surface of the sheet material after it has passed between said rollers.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including means to spray said finish coating liquid onto the surface of the sheet material as it is being transported between said rollers.
  • a method of brush patterning a flexible, smoothsurfaced, synthetic sheet material which comprises first applying a liquid finishing coat onto the surface of said sheet material to be brush patterned and then transporting the liquid coated sheet material over a freely rotatable pressure roller for contact with an elastomeric circumferential surface layer of said roller containing irregularly-shaped indentations in order to exert a correspondingly irregular pressure against the sheet material, applying a buffing wheel roller to the opposite side of said sheet material in axially parallel relation to said pressure roller with the outer circumferential surface of said buffing roller being rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the transported sheet material, thereby irregularly brushing off the applied liquid finishing coat as between elevated and depressed portions irregularly imparted by the pressure roller to said sheet material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
US00131039A 1970-04-03 1971-04-05 Apparatus and method of patterning sheet material Expired - Lifetime US3769058A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE7012216U DE7012216U (de) 1970-04-03 1970-04-03 Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von mustern unterschiedlicher gestalt und farbnuanciersynthetischen schaftmaterialien.

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US3769058A true US3769058A (en) 1973-10-30

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US00131039A Expired - Lifetime US3769058A (en) 1970-04-03 1971-04-05 Apparatus and method of patterning sheet material

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3769058A (de)
CH (1) CH515803A (de)
DE (1) DE7012216U (de)
FR (1) FR2089027A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1320099A (de)
NL (1) NL7102376A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2374454A1 (fr) * 1976-12-15 1978-07-13 Milliken Res Corp Procede et appareil pour faire des motifs en relief sur des etoffes a fibres dressees
EP0007221A1 (de) * 1978-07-10 1980-01-23 Milliken Research Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Mustern auf einem mit thermoplastischem Flor versehenen Gewebe
FR2436840A1 (fr) * 1978-09-25 1980-04-18 Kannegiesser H Gmbh Co Appareil pour le raidissement de produits textiles plats par enduction de ceux-ci avec une matiere plastique
US4293599A (en) * 1974-10-29 1981-10-06 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Method of forming decorative relief pattern and pattern-forming device therefor
EP0687759A1 (de) * 1994-06-13 1995-12-20 David Wing Bong Wong Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Scheuern eines Stoffes
EP0668386A3 (de) * 1994-01-27 1997-01-02 Sperotto Rimar Spa Profilierter Zylinder für Rauhmaschinen.
US5894032A (en) * 1997-05-20 1999-04-13 Green; Richard Process for the manufacture of printed orthopedic casting tape
US6305045B1 (en) 1999-07-08 2001-10-23 Newell Operating Company Paint supply and finishing system
US6547655B1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-04-15 Schaffner Manufacturing Company, Inc. Flame-resistant buffing wheel and method
WO2004042131A1 (en) * 2002-11-05 2004-05-21 Ten Cate Protect B.V. A non-transparent fabric with improved 'touch'
US11235349B2 (en) 2012-06-25 2022-02-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Devices for coating contoured surfaces

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19510240A1 (de) * 1994-03-29 1995-10-05 Philipp Schaefer Leder oder Kunstleder

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1949384A (en) * 1933-07-28 1934-02-27 Weyner Meyer Method of making suede leather having a high polish, and suede leather of this type
US2093451A (en) * 1934-12-22 1937-09-21 Celanese Corp Impregnated material
US2758036A (en) * 1953-07-27 1956-08-07 Allen Ind Method for double face coating and embossing rug cushions
US2971857A (en) * 1959-10-20 1961-02-14 Allen Ind Embossed rug cushion and method of producing the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1949384A (en) * 1933-07-28 1934-02-27 Weyner Meyer Method of making suede leather having a high polish, and suede leather of this type
US2093451A (en) * 1934-12-22 1937-09-21 Celanese Corp Impregnated material
US2758036A (en) * 1953-07-27 1956-08-07 Allen Ind Method for double face coating and embossing rug cushions
US2971857A (en) * 1959-10-20 1961-02-14 Allen Ind Embossed rug cushion and method of producing the same

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4293599A (en) * 1974-10-29 1981-10-06 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Method of forming decorative relief pattern and pattern-forming device therefor
FR2374454A1 (fr) * 1976-12-15 1978-07-13 Milliken Res Corp Procede et appareil pour faire des motifs en relief sur des etoffes a fibres dressees
EP0007221A1 (de) * 1978-07-10 1980-01-23 Milliken Research Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Mustern auf einem mit thermoplastischem Flor versehenen Gewebe
EP0015632A1 (de) * 1978-07-10 1980-09-17 Milliken Research Corporation Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Musters auf einem mit thermoplastischem Flor versehenen Gewebe
FR2436840A1 (fr) * 1978-09-25 1980-04-18 Kannegiesser H Gmbh Co Appareil pour le raidissement de produits textiles plats par enduction de ceux-ci avec une matiere plastique
EP0668386A3 (de) * 1994-01-27 1997-01-02 Sperotto Rimar Spa Profilierter Zylinder für Rauhmaschinen.
EP0687759A1 (de) * 1994-06-13 1995-12-20 David Wing Bong Wong Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Scheuern eines Stoffes
US5894032A (en) * 1997-05-20 1999-04-13 Green; Richard Process for the manufacture of printed orthopedic casting tape
US6305045B1 (en) 1999-07-08 2001-10-23 Newell Operating Company Paint supply and finishing system
US6547655B1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-04-15 Schaffner Manufacturing Company, Inc. Flame-resistant buffing wheel and method
WO2004042131A1 (en) * 2002-11-05 2004-05-21 Ten Cate Protect B.V. A non-transparent fabric with improved 'touch'
US11235349B2 (en) 2012-06-25 2022-02-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Devices for coating contoured surfaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1320099A (en) 1973-06-13
CH515803A (de) 1971-11-30
DE7012216U (de) 1970-07-16
NL7102376A (de) 1971-10-05
FR2089027A5 (de) 1972-01-07

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