US3770525A - High luminosity infrared pyrotechnical composition - Google Patents

High luminosity infrared pyrotechnical composition Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3770525A
US3770525A US00086193A US3770525DA US3770525A US 3770525 A US3770525 A US 3770525A US 00086193 A US00086193 A US 00086193A US 3770525D A US3770525D A US 3770525DA US 3770525 A US3770525 A US 3770525A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
composition
resin
percent
pyrotechnical
barium stearate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00086193A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Desmeserets F Villey
Y Pouliguen
G Guillauma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Direction General de lArmement DGA
Original Assignee
Delegation Ministerielle pour lArmement
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delegation Ministerielle pour lArmement filed Critical Delegation Ministerielle pour lArmement
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3770525A publication Critical patent/US3770525A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B27/00—Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C15/00—Pyrophoric compositions; Flints
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S149/00—Explosive and thermic compositions or charges
    • Y10S149/116—Flare contains resin

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A high-luminosity pyrotechnical composition
  • an illuminant substance of high emissivity in the infrared band at least one halogenated resin with fluorine atoms constituting at least two-thirds of the total number of halogen atoms and a metal which is highly reductive with the halogen atoms of the resin.
  • the composition is in the form of an agglomerate mixture with the amount of reducing metal being between that stoichiometrically required for the reduction of the halogen atoms and an excess of 20 percent in relation to the stoichiometrical determination.
  • the composition may optionally include a binder and it is press molded to shape the composition as a body.
  • the composition may also contain barium stearate to regulate emission time.
  • the invention also relates to the process of manufacture of such pyrotechnical compositions.
  • Pyrotechnical compositions are generally mixtures of combustible substances with metallic oxides or salts selected for the required effect such as a luminous effect obtained when such metallic oxides or salts are raised to incandescence at the instant of combustion of the composition.
  • compositions are especially used in tracer devices located in back of rockets and similar vehicles for providing emission of radiance allowing the trajectory of such vehicles to be tracked. It is important that such radiation should be powerful and sustainable as long as possible.
  • deflectors on the tracers so as to keep the apparent diameter of the flame constant; also it is known to employ an extrusion cowling around the flame so as to create a zone of lesser tur bulence thereat.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate the aforesaid disadvantages but by another means consisting of a new formulation of the pyrotechnical composition which propagates an emissive power much greater in comparison to that obtained from known pyrotechnical compositions.
  • the high-luminosity pyrotechnical composition is characterized by containing in finely divided state an illuminant substance of high emissivity in the infrared band, at least one fluorinated resin having fluorine atoms which make up at least twothirds of the total of the halogen atoms, and a metal which is highly reductive in the presence of the resin halogens, the composition being in the form of an agglomerate mix in which the amount of the reducing metal is between that required stoichiometrically and an excess of 20 percent over such stoichiometric amount.
  • Fluorinated resins are known to decompose at a high temperature in the range of 300 to 400 while liberating gases containing the resin halogens. These halogens, and fluorine in particular, are powerful oxidants and react with numerous metals with a strongly exothermic oxido-reduction reaction.
  • the amount of reducing metal is experimentally calculated with an excess from 10 to 15 percent of the amount required for complete reduction.
  • the amount of illuminant substance is selected in the range of 2 to 10 percent by weight of the pyrotechnical composition.
  • the pyrotechnical composition also comprises barium stearate in the ratio of two to 15 percent by weight of the composition. This addition noticeably affects the fundamental reduction reaction time and through the lubricating properties of the stearate promotes the forming of the composition as well as its molding at high temperature.
  • the pyrotechnical composition can further contain a binding agent composed of a polymerized polyester resin in a ratio not greater than seven percent by weight of the composition.
  • FIGURE of the drawing is a graphical representation of emission for various compositions.
  • the fluorinated resin is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • other fluorinated resins can also be used, such as polytrifluorochloroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene and a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene.
  • these resins are used in finely powdered form.
  • the resin is used in the form of particles, as finely divided as possible.
  • the resins can be used singly or mixed together.
  • the reducing metal is chosen from the group consisting of magnesium, silicon, zirconium, aluminium and chromium.
  • the illuminant substance is preferably an oxide of a metal chosen from the group consisting of iron, nickel, copper and hafnium.
  • Market quality barium stearate is also used in powder form.
  • the polymerized polyester resin before being put to use, is preferably composed of a liquid unsaturated resin mixed with monomeric styrene. At the moment of use, it is treated with a catalyzer which allows the polymerization to be primed at a moderate temperature.
  • the pyrotechnical composition according to the invention can be obtained by press-molding a mixture of 5 powders of the illuminant substance, the reducing metal, at least one fluorinated resin and the barium stearate.
  • molding is effected at a temperature around 320 C by the method known as fritting.
  • the binding agent for the pyrotechnical composition is here composed of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the molding is carried out at ambient temperature or at a temperature slightly higher, the components of the mixture being the powdered ingredients and a non-polymerized polyester resin; then the molded composition is allowed to stand whereby the polymerization of the resin is achieved.
  • the molding mixture is then completed by adding the fluorinated resin to the polyester resin and adding in succession, to the fluorinated'resin thus coated, first the reducing metal and barium stearate, and then the illuminant substance.
  • the pyrotechnical composition binder is here made and compressed to a pressure of 1,500 bars.
  • compositions comprising an amount p of barium stearate respectively equal to zero percent, three percent, nine percent and 13 percent and complying with following formulation: Polytetrafluoroethylene 30 g, Magnesium 45 g (40 to micron grain size), Fe O 7.5 g, Barium stearate pg, Polyester resin 5 g.
  • the mean emission-curves were determined for each of these series.
  • Emission curve A for the second series comprising three percent barium stearate, exhibited two maxima at 1950 w/stearadian and 1,850 w/sr over a doubled combustion time, namely four seconds.
  • Emission curve B for the third series comprising 9 percent barium stearate exhibited a maximum power level at 1 w/sr extending over a time of 4.7 seconds whereas the entire combustion time was considerably longer than in the two preceding series, viz., 5.2 seconds.
  • Emission curve C for the fourth series comprising 13 percent barium stearate differed from the third set by having a slightly sloping, but longer, plateau corresponding to maximum power levels from 900 to 860 w/sr and a substantially longer combustion time of 13.3 seconds.
  • the pyrotechnical composition, according to the invention is eminently adapted thereto, because of the localization of its emissive power, for use in rockets and similar tracers.
  • a smokeless high-luminosity pyrotechnical composition consisting essentially of an agglomerate mixture of an illuminant substance of highemissivity in the infrared band, and in finely divided state, the amount of illuminant substance being between two and 10 percent by weight of the composition, said illuminant substance being selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, copper, hafnium and the oxides thereof, the remainder of said mixture consisting essentially of at least one halogenated resin having fluorine atoms constituting at least two thirds of the total number of halogen atoms, and a metal which is highly reductive with the halogen atoms of the resin, said metal being selected from the group consisting of magnesium, zirconium, aluminium, chromium and silicon, and being present in an amount between that required stoichiometrically for the reduction of said halogen atoms and an excess of 20 percent over such stoichiometrical amount.
  • composition as claimed in claim 1 containing barium stearate.
  • a composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein the amount of barium stearate is in the range of two to percent by weight of the composition.
  • composition as claimed in claim 1. containing a binding agent of polymerized polyester resin resulting from the polymerization of unsaturated resin with monomeric styrene.
  • composition as claimed in claim 4 wherein the amount of polyester resin does not exceed seven percent of the composition.
  • composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the excess of reducing metal in relation to the stoichiometrical amount is between 10 and 15 percent.
  • halogenated resin is polytetrafluoroethylene, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, the copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene, or the copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
US00086193A 1969-11-05 1970-11-02 High luminosity infrared pyrotechnical composition Expired - Lifetime US3770525A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6938022A FR2070262A5 (fr) 1969-11-05 1969-11-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3770525A true US3770525A (en) 1973-11-06

Family

ID=9042642

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00086193A Expired - Lifetime US3770525A (en) 1969-11-05 1970-11-02 High luminosity infrared pyrotechnical composition

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3770525A (fr)
JP (1) JPS497206B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE757673A (fr)
CA (1) CA953112A (fr)
DE (1) DE2054210A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2070262A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1320352A (fr)
NL (1) NL7016053A (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4276100A (en) * 1976-02-13 1981-06-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Process for disposing of decoy flare material
US4445947A (en) * 1983-03-18 1984-05-01 Thiokol Corporation Low cost fluorocarbon flare compositions
US4698108A (en) * 1985-06-07 1987-10-06 Etat Francais Castable smoke-generating compounds effective against infrared
US4719857A (en) * 1981-04-01 1988-01-19 Pains-Wessex Limited Pyrotechnic device
US5435224A (en) * 1979-04-04 1995-07-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Infrared decoy
WO1996034249A1 (fr) * 1995-04-24 1996-10-31 Thiokol Corporation Leurre infrarouge haute intensite
US5639984A (en) * 1995-03-14 1997-06-17 Thiokol Corporation Infrared tracer compositions
EP1637829A1 (fr) * 2004-09-15 2006-03-22 Saab Ab Paquet de contre-mesures générant de la chaleur
US20070272112A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2007-11-29 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material compositions, shot shells including reactive materials, and a method of producing same
US20080035007A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2008-02-14 Nielson Daniel B Reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods
US20080229963A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2008-09-25 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material enhanced munition compositions and projectiles containing same
USD581242S1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2008-11-25 Nola Norman Suction cup handle
US8075715B2 (en) 2004-03-15 2011-12-13 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive compositions including metal
DE102012015762A1 (de) * 2012-08-09 2014-02-13 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Hochleistungswirkmasse für ein pyrotechnisches Scheinziel mit einer fluorierten Kohlenstoffverbindung
USRE45899E1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2016-02-23 Orbital Atk, Inc. Low temperature, extrudable, high density reactive materials

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5172603A (ja) * 1974-12-18 1976-06-23 Asahi Chemical Ind Akurirukeigenshi
FR2465187A1 (fr) * 1979-05-23 1981-03-20 Thomson Brandt Generateur de rayonnement infra-rouge
FR2471959A1 (fr) * 1979-12-19 1981-06-26 France Etat Composition pyrotechnique eclairante coulable comportant une poudre metallique
DE3236418C2 (de) * 1982-10-01 1984-11-15 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft für flugchemische Antriebe mbH, 8261 Aschau Infrarot-Leuchtsatz
US5456455A (en) * 1994-02-01 1995-10-10 Thiokol Corporation Flare pellet and process for making same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3163113A (en) * 1959-01-12 1964-12-29 Burke High energy fuel units and assemblies
US3203171A (en) * 1958-12-18 1965-08-31 Burke New missile fuel compositions containing halogens and method of propulsion
US3565706A (en) * 1968-01-19 1971-02-23 Hal R Waite Incendiary composition containing a metallic fuel and a solid fluoro-carbon polymer
US3629019A (en) * 1964-08-11 1971-12-21 Aerojet General Co Solid propellant composition containing polyesters and an inorganic oxide burning rate catalyst
US3632632A (en) * 1967-06-29 1972-01-04 American Cyanamid Co Carboxy-terminated polyester resins
US3634283A (en) * 1968-11-05 1972-01-11 Us Navy Smoke generating compositions and methods of use

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3203171A (en) * 1958-12-18 1965-08-31 Burke New missile fuel compositions containing halogens and method of propulsion
US3163113A (en) * 1959-01-12 1964-12-29 Burke High energy fuel units and assemblies
US3629019A (en) * 1964-08-11 1971-12-21 Aerojet General Co Solid propellant composition containing polyesters and an inorganic oxide burning rate catalyst
US3632632A (en) * 1967-06-29 1972-01-04 American Cyanamid Co Carboxy-terminated polyester resins
US3565706A (en) * 1968-01-19 1971-02-23 Hal R Waite Incendiary composition containing a metallic fuel and a solid fluoro-carbon polymer
US3634283A (en) * 1968-11-05 1972-01-11 Us Navy Smoke generating compositions and methods of use

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4276100A (en) * 1976-02-13 1981-06-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Process for disposing of decoy flare material
US5435224A (en) * 1979-04-04 1995-07-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Infrared decoy
US4719857A (en) * 1981-04-01 1988-01-19 Pains-Wessex Limited Pyrotechnic device
US4445947A (en) * 1983-03-18 1984-05-01 Thiokol Corporation Low cost fluorocarbon flare compositions
US4698108A (en) * 1985-06-07 1987-10-06 Etat Francais Castable smoke-generating compounds effective against infrared
US5639984A (en) * 1995-03-14 1997-06-17 Thiokol Corporation Infrared tracer compositions
WO1996034249A1 (fr) * 1995-04-24 1996-10-31 Thiokol Corporation Leurre infrarouge haute intensite
US20150203415A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2015-07-23 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material compositions and projectiles including the same
US9982981B2 (en) 2000-02-23 2018-05-29 Orbital Atk, Inc. Articles of ordnance including reactive material enhanced projectiles, and related methods
US20070272112A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2007-11-29 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material compositions, shot shells including reactive materials, and a method of producing same
USRE45899E1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2016-02-23 Orbital Atk, Inc. Low temperature, extrudable, high density reactive materials
US9103641B2 (en) 2000-02-23 2015-08-11 Orbital Atk, Inc. Reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods
US7977420B2 (en) 2000-02-23 2011-07-12 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material compositions, shot shells including reactive materials, and a method of producing same
US20080229963A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2008-09-25 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material enhanced munition compositions and projectiles containing same
US8361258B2 (en) 2004-03-15 2013-01-29 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive compositions including metal
US8568541B2 (en) * 2004-03-15 2013-10-29 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material compositions and projectiles containing same
US8075715B2 (en) 2004-03-15 2011-12-13 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive compositions including metal
EP1637829A1 (fr) * 2004-09-15 2006-03-22 Saab Ab Paquet de contre-mesures générant de la chaleur
US8122833B2 (en) 2005-10-04 2012-02-28 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods
US20080035007A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2008-02-14 Nielson Daniel B Reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods
USD581242S1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2008-11-25 Nola Norman Suction cup handle
DE102012015762A1 (de) * 2012-08-09 2014-02-13 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Hochleistungswirkmasse für ein pyrotechnisches Scheinziel mit einer fluorierten Kohlenstoffverbindung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2054210A1 (de) 1971-05-13
FR2070262A5 (fr) 1971-09-10
NL7016053A (fr) 1971-05-07
CA953112A (en) 1974-08-20
JPS497206B1 (fr) 1974-02-19
GB1320352A (en) 1973-06-13
BE757673A (fr) 1971-04-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3770525A (en) High luminosity infrared pyrotechnical composition
Koch Metal‐Fluorocarbon‐Pyrolants: III. Development and Application of Magnesium/Teflon/Viton (MTV)
US6427599B1 (en) Pyrotechnic compositions and uses therefore
US3695951A (en) Pyrotechnic composition
US3309249A (en) Thermite-resin binder solid fuel composition
US3733223A (en) Near infrared illuminating composition
US3830671A (en) Thermally ignitable zirconium-plastic composition
US3565706A (en) Incendiary composition containing a metallic fuel and a solid fluoro-carbon polymer
IL96380A (en) Infrared lighting compound
US3376174A (en) Powder containing nitrocellulose, metal or metal hydride and a superficial layer of moderating agent
US3411964A (en) Illuminating flare composition composed of magnesium, sodium nitrate, and a vinyl terminated polysiloxane binder
US3133841A (en) Solid propellants
US3010815A (en) Monofuel for underwater steam propulsion
US3320104A (en) Method of making lead styphnate primer compositions
EP0948735A2 (fr) Compositions pouvant etre extrudees pour leurres thermiques a base de corps noir
US3853645A (en) Composite propellant containing polytetrafluoroethylene powder and butyl or ethylene-propylene rubber
US2968542A (en) Illuminants
US2478918A (en) Delay powder
US3754511A (en) Fuel and fuel igniter for ram jet and rocket
US3690972A (en) Green flare composition
USH169H (en) Ignition composition
KR100407715B1 (ko) 점화요소및미세하게조절가능한점화성분
US3464869A (en) Pyrotechnic compositions containing metal fuel,inorganic oxidizer salt,and a vinyl polymer in a solvent
US3044911A (en) Propellant system
US2801590A (en) Pyrophoric element