US3784105A - Atomizing devices for liquid fuel - Google Patents

Atomizing devices for liquid fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3784105A
US3784105A US00266778A US3784105DA US3784105A US 3784105 A US3784105 A US 3784105A US 00266778 A US00266778 A US 00266778A US 3784105D A US3784105D A US 3784105DA US 3784105 A US3784105 A US 3784105A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bore
plug
secured
swirl
orifice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00266778A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Goodinge
N Moss
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Eaton Corp
Original Assignee
Plessey Handel und Investments AG
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3784105A publication Critical patent/US3784105A/en
Assigned to PLESSEY OVERSEAS LIMITED reassignment PLESSEY OVERSEAS LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PLESSEY HANDEL UND INVESTMENTS AG, GARTENSTRASSE 2, ZUG, SWITZERLAND
Assigned to EATON CORPORATION reassignment EATON CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PLESSEY OVERSEAS LIMITED
Assigned to EATON CORPORATION reassignment EATON CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PLESSEY COMPANY PLC, THE
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/34—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by ultrasonic means
    • F23D11/345—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by ultrasonic means with vibrating atomiser surfaces

Definitions

  • the pressure-atomization means include a swirl plug having helical passages and, spaced from it by a swirl chamber, an orifice disc containing a final orifice of smaller diameter than the plug. Both the plug and the disc are secured in a larger-diameter counter-bore at the end of the fuel passage. They are secured in the counter-bore by electron-beam welding, the plug by radial spot welding through the wall, and the disc by a circumferential weld, which also forms seal closing the ends of the counter-bore.
  • the present invention has for an object to provide an improved nozzle arrangement terminating in an open orifice and it provides a pressureatomization nozzle which is connected to such ultrasonic vibrator, for applying longitudinal vibrations to the nozzle, and wherein the nozzle is provided with helical swirl passages which produce circulation of the flow of fuel injected through a nozzle, and a more specific object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of such an arrangement, which will satisfactorily withstand for long periods the mechanical effect of the ultrasonic vibrations.
  • the swirl passages of the swirl nozzle are preferably formed in a plug which is secured in a counter-bore at the end of the fuel passage of the nozzle.
  • This plug must withstand very considerable forces when the nozzle is subjected to ultrasonic vibrations, and according to a subsidiary feature of the invention, the necessary mechanical strength is obtained by spot-welding the plug in position through the wall of the passage, preferably by so-called electronbeam spot welding.
  • This method of securing a plug provided with swirl passages in a longitudinal bore of a stepped-horn vibration transformer constitutes another aspect of the invention.
  • the swirl passages are preferably formed as open grooves in the circumference of the plug, which co-operates with the wall surface of the counter-bore when the plug is inserted, and in order to facilitate manufacture, a number of spot-welds is preferably employed which differs from the number of the grooves so as to ensure that if one of the spot-welds faces one of the grooves and is therefore liable to block that particular groove, the other spot welds are positioned clear of the other grooves.
  • four swirl grooves and three spot welds, all uniformly spaced round the circumference may be employed.
  • the final orifice is preferably arranged in an orifice disc which is fitted into the end of the counter-bore and which is axially spaced from the outer end of the swirl plug so that the interposed part of the length of the counter-bore provides a swirl chamber between the end of the swirl plug and the disc containing the final orifice.
  • the latter disc is preferably secured in the counter-bore by seam welding, preferably by electronbeam seam welding, with the electron beam applied in the axial direction so as to form a welded seam round the circumference of the orifice disc, thus ensuring sealing of the orifice disc in the counterbore as well as mechanically fixing it to the nozzle body.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation showing the general construction of one form of atomizer nozzle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation, drawn to a larger scale and partly in axial section, showing the end portion of the nozzle including the fuel passage, the swirl plug and the final-orifice disc.
  • the atomizing device illustrated comprises a stepped horn member 1 and a balance member 2, which are attached adhesively or by any other means to the opposite sides, respectively, of a piezoelectric-disc transducer 3, so that the latter will produce ultrasonic vibrations of the members 1 and 2 towards and away from each other when it is energised by the application of an alternating voltage of ultrasonic frequency to a pair of terminals 4, 5.
  • the transducer 3 will transmit the ultrasonic vibrations on the one hand to the balance member 2 and on the other hand to the stepped horn member 1.
  • the reduceddiameter horn portion 6 of the latter acts to increase the amplitude of the vibrations that appear at its outer end.
  • a fuel passage 7 for the fuel to be ejected extends longitudinally through the horn portion 6 and leads the fuel to the opening 8a of an orifice disc 8, which the fuel reaches after passing through helical passages constituted by open grooves 9 in a cylindrical swirl plug 10.
  • the passage 7 is joined by a radial passage 11, which is arranged in a plane central to the length of the transducer 3, and which serves for connection to an external fuel line 12; being arranged in the transverse plane of symmetry of the transducer 3, the radial passage 11 and the line 12 remain unaffected by the ultrasonic vibrations.
  • the outer end of the passage 7 is enlarged by the provision of a counter-bore 13, in which the swirl plug 10 provided with the grooves 9 forming the helical passages, and the orifice disc 8 which contains final orifice 8a, are secured in axially spaced relation so as to leave between them a swirl chamber 14.
  • the plug 10 is also spaced from the bottom of the counter-bore 13 to provide, between the end of the small-diameter passage 7 proper and the larger-diameter plug 10, a distribution chamber 15 in which the flow of fuel from the passage 7 can spread in order to reach the helical grooves 9.
  • the swirl plug 10 and the disc 8 should each be firmly held in position because they have to withstand the action of ultrasonic vibration of the horn portion 6, and we have found that this can be achieved very satisfactorily by spot-welding the plug 10 to the wall of the counter-bore 13 with the help of electron beams applied radially to the outer surface of the horn portion 6 as indicated by the arrow Y.
  • the weld produced extends continuously round the whole of the circumference of the disc 8 and thus ensures an effective seal between the circumference of the disc 8 and the wall of the counter-bore 13, as well as securing the disc 8 in position.
  • An atomizing device for liquid fuel comprising: an ultrasonic vibrator; a velocity-transformer body of the stepped-horn type having one end attached to the vibrator, said body having a bore extending along the axis thereof from the other end of said body and including a first portion, remote from said other end, and an adjoining second portion connecting said first portion to the said other end and being of larger diameter than said first portion; a swirl plug having a cylindrical external surface that is provided with helical grooves extending from one end to the other of said surface, said plug having substantially the same diameter as, and being coaxially accommodated in, said second portion of the bore with the end of the plug at a distance from the said other end of the transformer body, and being secured in position in said bore by a weld connecting at least some points on the circumference of the plug and the wall of the bore; and an end-wall member having a central orifice of a diameter substantially smaller than the diameter of said second portion of the bore, said endwall member being sealingly secured to the transformer body by a

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
US00266778A 1971-06-29 1972-06-27 Atomizing devices for liquid fuel Expired - Lifetime US3784105A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3037071A GB1389207A (en) 1971-06-29 1971-06-29 Atomizing devices for liquid fuel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3784105A true US3784105A (en) 1974-01-08

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ID=10306600

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00266778A Expired - Lifetime US3784105A (en) 1971-06-29 1972-06-27 Atomizing devices for liquid fuel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3784105A (2)
DE (1) DE2231944A1 (2)
FR (1) FR2144347A5 (2)
GB (1) GB1389207A (2)
SE (1) SE386479B (2)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3860173A (en) * 1970-02-03 1975-01-14 Naoyasu Sata Non-polluting combustion engine having ultrasonic fuel atomizer in place of carburetor
US4301968A (en) * 1976-11-08 1981-11-24 Sono-Tek Corporation Transducer assembly, ultrasonic atomizer and fuel burner
US5219120A (en) * 1991-07-24 1993-06-15 Sono-Tek Corporation Apparatus and method for applying a stream of atomized fluid
US20080128527A1 (en) * 2006-12-05 2008-06-05 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Liquid dispensing apparatus based on piezoelectrically driven hollow horn

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61259784A (ja) * 1985-05-13 1986-11-18 Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk 超音波噴射用振動子

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR762956A (fr) * 1933-10-26 1934-04-21 Blanc & Cie Appareil de douche
CH170951A (fr) * 1933-08-16 1934-08-15 Linker Alexandre Dispositif d'arrosage.
US2110365A (en) * 1936-02-22 1938-03-08 Saurer Ag Adolph Injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
US2284264A (en) * 1939-03-04 1942-05-26 George B Crisp Fuel burner
US2981483A (en) * 1960-02-26 1961-04-25 Nord Aviation Injector having a high flow rate ratio
US3092330A (en) * 1961-02-13 1963-06-04 Cook Chemical Company Hand pump for spraying liquids
US3200873A (en) * 1962-06-04 1965-08-17 Exxon Research Engineering Co Ultrasonic burner
CA716972A (en) * 1965-08-31 Schulz Ferdinand Spray diffuser
US3214101A (en) * 1964-03-31 1965-10-26 Little Inc A Apparatus for atomizing a liquid
US3275059A (en) * 1965-05-10 1966-09-27 Little Inc A Nozzle system and fuel oil burner incorporating it
US3317139A (en) * 1965-04-13 1967-05-02 Simms Group Res Dev Ltd Devices for generating and delivering mechanical vibrations to a nozzle
FR1512626A (fr) * 1966-12-29 1968-02-09 P Berthoud Ets Perfectionnements aux buses pour pulvérisateurs agricoles et analogues
US3374953A (en) * 1965-08-25 1968-03-26 Albert G. Bodine Sonically vibratory liquid sprayer
US3400892A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-09-10 Battelle Development Corp Resonant vibratory apparatus
US3608832A (en) * 1969-09-04 1971-09-28 Energy Sciences Inc Spray nozzle assembly operable at low pressure

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA716972A (en) * 1965-08-31 Schulz Ferdinand Spray diffuser
CH170951A (fr) * 1933-08-16 1934-08-15 Linker Alexandre Dispositif d'arrosage.
FR762956A (fr) * 1933-10-26 1934-04-21 Blanc & Cie Appareil de douche
US2110365A (en) * 1936-02-22 1938-03-08 Saurer Ag Adolph Injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
US2284264A (en) * 1939-03-04 1942-05-26 George B Crisp Fuel burner
US2981483A (en) * 1960-02-26 1961-04-25 Nord Aviation Injector having a high flow rate ratio
US3092330A (en) * 1961-02-13 1963-06-04 Cook Chemical Company Hand pump for spraying liquids
US3200873A (en) * 1962-06-04 1965-08-17 Exxon Research Engineering Co Ultrasonic burner
US3214101A (en) * 1964-03-31 1965-10-26 Little Inc A Apparatus for atomizing a liquid
US3317139A (en) * 1965-04-13 1967-05-02 Simms Group Res Dev Ltd Devices for generating and delivering mechanical vibrations to a nozzle
US3275059A (en) * 1965-05-10 1966-09-27 Little Inc A Nozzle system and fuel oil burner incorporating it
US3374953A (en) * 1965-08-25 1968-03-26 Albert G. Bodine Sonically vibratory liquid sprayer
US3400892A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-09-10 Battelle Development Corp Resonant vibratory apparatus
FR1512626A (fr) * 1966-12-29 1968-02-09 P Berthoud Ets Perfectionnements aux buses pour pulvérisateurs agricoles et analogues
US3608832A (en) * 1969-09-04 1971-09-28 Energy Sciences Inc Spray nozzle assembly operable at low pressure

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3860173A (en) * 1970-02-03 1975-01-14 Naoyasu Sata Non-polluting combustion engine having ultrasonic fuel atomizer in place of carburetor
US4301968A (en) * 1976-11-08 1981-11-24 Sono-Tek Corporation Transducer assembly, ultrasonic atomizer and fuel burner
US5219120A (en) * 1991-07-24 1993-06-15 Sono-Tek Corporation Apparatus and method for applying a stream of atomized fluid
US20080128527A1 (en) * 2006-12-05 2008-06-05 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Liquid dispensing apparatus based on piezoelectrically driven hollow horn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1389207A (en) 1975-04-03
FR2144347A5 (2) 1973-02-09
SE386479B (sv) 1976-08-09
DE2231944A1 (de) 1973-01-11

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: EATON CORPORATION, 100 ERIEVIEW PLAZA, CLEVELAND,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PLESSEY COMPANY PLC, THE;REEL/FRAME:004148/0818

Effective date: 19830524

Owner name: EATON CORPORATION, 100 ERIEVIEW PLAZA, CLEVELAND,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PLESSEY OVERSEAS LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004142/0890

Effective date: 19830524