US3791000A - Method and apparatus for smooth-rolling of cylindrical workpiece surfaces - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for smooth-rolling of cylindrical workpiece surfaces Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3791000A
US3791000A US00296893A US3791000DA US3791000A US 3791000 A US3791000 A US 3791000A US 00296893 A US00296893 A US 00296893A US 3791000D A US3791000D A US 3791000DA US 3791000 A US3791000 A US 3791000A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
workpiece
rollers
axis
annulus
force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00296893A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
B Kunze
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hegenscheidt MFD GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wilhelm Hegenscheidt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19712150895 external-priority patent/DE2150895C3/de
Application filed by Wilhelm Hegenscheidt GmbH filed Critical Wilhelm Hegenscheidt GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3791000A publication Critical patent/US3791000A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
    • B24B39/04—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor designed for working external surfaces of revolution
    • B24B39/045—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor designed for working external surfaces of revolution the working tool being composed of a plurality of working rolls or balls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/47—Burnishing

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A tool having an annulus of rollers which are inclined to the axis of the annulus and which engage the cylindrical surface of a workpiece located cocentrically with respect to the annulus.
  • the inclination of the rollers,'which are rotated with reference to the workpiece and which engage the surface thereof over a drop-shaped area inclined to the axis ofv the annulus, tends to impart to the workpiece a thrust in one axial direction, and the workpiece is forcibly advanced in the opposite direction against this thrust.
  • the present invention relates generally to the treating of workpiece surfaces, and more particularly of cy-' lindrical workpiece surfaces. Still more particularly the invention relates to a method of carrying out such treatment and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • a further approach known from the art is to incline the axis of the rollers so as to impart to the workpiece a thrust, thus eliminating the need for separate means which effect relative dispacement between the annulus of rollers and the workpiece. Also, it is not necessary in this second prior-art approach to rotate the workpiece by separate means, because rotation is imparted to it by one or more of the rollers which may be driven. If the workpiece is relatively long, for instance rodshaped, it is necessary of course to appropriately support it so that it will not flex or whip All of the prior-art devices of this type use rollers of very large diameter which-consequently exert a very substantial roller pressure on the workpiece surface.
  • roller head which rotates about the workpiece.
  • large rollers are used which are located oppositely one another and pressed into contact with the surface of the workpiece.
  • rollers are rather imbalanced and can therefore rotate only at slow speeds. Moreover, they must be advanced manually.
  • Still another type of apparatus used for this purpose utilizes a large number of smaller rollers which contact the workpiece surface and which roll between the workpiece surface and a back-up surface of the tool itself, in contact with both. This type of apparatus exerts a relatively low roller pressure, because the small area of contact between the rollers and the workpiece produces a high specific surface pressure which alone is determinative and sufficient for the plastic deformation of the surface of the workpiece. A warping of the workpiece does not occur in this type of apparatus.
  • rollers can be made conical, in which case the operative diameter of the annulus in form of which they are arranged is varied by axially displacing the rollers on the back-up surface.
  • the rollers can, however, also be cylindrical in which case the device cannot be adjusted for more than a single workpiece diameter. These devices also require great care in the initial production of the workpiece surface, because otherwise the result after rolling will not be as good and as precise within the tolerancce variations, as is desired.
  • tolerance variations are quite large and can be for instance permitted to fluctuate within 0.2 millimeters or more, as long as an absolutely smooth surface can be provided on the workpiece.
  • tolerance variations are quite large and can be for instance permitted to fluctuate within 0.2 millimeters or more, as long as an absolutely smooth surface can be provided on the workpiece.
  • tolerance variations in the diameter are of secondary consideration.
  • the difficulty here is that workpieces with such large tolerances (relatively speaking) cannot be treated with the apparatus known from the art, because either the roller pressure is to small and produces an insufficient smoothness of the surface if the workpiece diameter is at the lower tolerance limit, or else the roller pressure is too large and the workpiece surface is destroyed or damaged if the workpiece diameter is at the upper tolerance limit.
  • Another object is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • an apparatus comprising in combination of a hollow cylindrical support, and an annulus of workpiece-engaging rollers mounted in and supported by an inner circumferential surface of the support.
  • the rollers are each inclined to the axis of the annulus and a roller cage retains the rollers in predetermined relative positions.
  • Biassing means exerts an axial biassing force upon the roller cage and rotating means rotates the rollers about the axis.
  • Forcetransmitting means acts upon the rollers for urging the same into engagement with a workpiece surface.
  • the workpiece may either be stationary or it may itself rotate. This is a particular advantage in the case or very long workpieces because they can be maintained fixed, that is need not be rotated, which avoids the disadvantage of having the free end of the workpiece perform whipping movements, or of having to provide relatively complicated and expensive arrangements for retaining the free end against such movement.
  • the workpiece utilizes a roller head in which the rollers are arranged in form of the aforementioned annulus, the arrangement being such that they contact the workpiece surface over a drop-shaped area, exerting upon the workpiece an axial force tending to displace the workpiece in one direction, with an advancing force being exerted on the workpiece which advances it counter to this axial force in the opposite direction.
  • a great number of rollers can be distributed around the circumference of the workpiece any warping of the latter is avoided, because the very small contact area between the rollers and the workpiece surface result in the exertion on the latter of only a small absolute roller pressure which, however, is nevertheless sufficient to produce the specific surface pressure required for plastic deformation of the surface.
  • the conical rollers are so inclined in contact with the workpiece surface as to obtain the best smoothing effeet.
  • rollers themselves do not require any complicated journalling, but instead roll directly in contact with the driven conical support and the workpiece surface, being guided in the aforementioned roller cage which prevents the rollers from falling out or shifting their relative positions when the workpiece is changed.
  • This is a very simple arrangement which will rotate without imbalance and therefore permits high rotational speeds,which makes it possible to produce very economically at very high speeds of workpiece advancement.
  • the roller head is essentially composed of an inner rotating component and two outer stationary components, one of which is here configurated as a pressure ring and is displaceable axially with reference to the other.
  • the stationary component of the roller head is provided with a plurality of hydraulic cylinder and piston units which extend in parallelism with the axis of the workpiece and which can be selectively operated so that some of them exert via the pressure ring and the conical support pressure upon the rollers to press the same against the advancing workpiece, whereas others counterbalance this force, that is relieve the rollers of the roller pressure.
  • the inner rotating component is completely surrounded by the outer stationary components so that any danger of accidents due to contact with movable parts is avoided.
  • FIG. 1 is a section taken on lines II-Ill-IV of FIG. 2, showing an embodiment of the invention in which a non-rotating workpiece is being treated;
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken on line II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a section taken on line Ill-V of FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 1-3 shows the treating of a workpiece that is maintained stationary, that is which is not rotated although it is axially advanced, such as a rod.
  • the direction of axial advancement of the workpiece l is designated by the arrow A.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece 1 is engaged by the rollers 2 which are mounted and guided in a roller cage 20, the latter being subjected to an axial force exerted by a spring 3.
  • the rollers 2 form an annulus surrounding the workpiece l and roll between the surface of the workpiece l and the inner surface of a conical roller support 4; they can be axially shifted by the pressure ring 5 in direction of the support 4, the purpose being to push the rollers into the support 4 and therefore to push them from engagement with the surface of the workpiece, or in opposite direction in order to release them from contact with the workpiece.
  • the necessary pressure is exerted by three equiangularly spaced cylinder and piston units having a cylinder 7 and a piston 8, respectively, with these units being at equal radial distance from the axis of rotation of the annulus of rollers 2 and being mounted in the sta tionary portion 6 of the roller head in axial parallelism with the axis of the workpiece.
  • the stationary portion of the roller head 6 is displaceable on the bolt 12 so that the action of the hydraulic pressure exerted by the cylinder and piston units, and the action of the springs 10 is such that the ring 5 is pressed against the rollers 2 and in turn forces the same into contact with the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece 1.
  • rollers 2 mounted in the cage 4 contact thesurface of the workpiece l at an angle 14 which is inclined to the workpiece axis 15.
  • axial forces develop which tend to counter the direction of advancement A of the workpiece.
  • the rollers 2 always have the tendency to counteract the movement imparted to them by the ring 5.
  • the rollers 2 are released from tight contact with the workpiece surface in fully automatic manner, that is their inherent tendency will release them from the workpiece when the latter is no longer forcibly advanced in direction of the arrow A.
  • this requires a certain small time lag which can be avoided if the three release cylinders 16 which are also equiangularly spaced about the workpiece circumference and located intermediate the cylinders 7, are activated with hydraulic fluid so that their piston rods 17 engage the ring 5 and move it away from the stationary component 6 of the roller head. This causes the spring 4 to shift the roller cage 20 and therefore the rollers 2 in the direction towards the larger open end of the roller support 4.
  • the stationary component 6 and the ring 5 together with ring 11 constitute the roller head, in which the roller support 4 rotates with the rollers 2.
  • This rotating component is driven in the illustrated embodiment by a drive belt 18, although a gear drive or another drive can be used and is intended to be encompassed within the concept of the invention.
  • a method of continuously smooth-rolling cylindrical workpiece surfaces in a tool having an annulus of rollers which are inclined to the axis of the annulus comprising the steps of effecting concentric positioning of a workpiece and the annulus of rollers, so that the latter each engage the workpiece under pressure over a drop-shaped area which is inclined to said axis; causing said rollers to orbit about said axis in rolling contact with said workpiece to which they tend to impart a thrust in one axial direction; and forcibly advancing said workpiece in an opposite direction against the thrust exerted by said rollers.
  • a tool head comprising a combination of a hollow conical support; an annulus of workpiece-engaging rollers mounted in and supported by an inner circumferential surface of said support, said rollers each being inclined to the axis of said annulus; a roller cage retaining said rollers in predetermined relative positions; biassing means exerting an axial biassing force upon said roller cage; rotating means for rotating said rollers about said axis; and force-transmitting means acting upon said rollers for urging the same into engagement with a workpiece surface.
  • said vtoo] head includes an inner rotatable component and two outer non-rotatable components one of which is displaceable axially with reference to the other.
  • said force-transmitting means comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinder-and-piston units arranged in said other components in parallelism with said axis and selectively operable so that some of said units urge said rollers into engagement with the workpiece surface and that others of said units exert a relief pressure on said rollers.
  • annulus being conical and having a wider and a narrower open end; and wherein said rollers are so inclined to said axis as to exert upon the workpiece an axial force in direction towards said wider open end.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
US00296893A 1971-10-13 1972-10-12 Method and apparatus for smooth-rolling of cylindrical workpiece surfaces Expired - Lifetime US3791000A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712150895 DE2150895C3 (de) 1971-10-13 Einrichtung zum Glattwalzen zylindrischen Stangenmaterials im kontinuierlichen Durchlauf

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3791000A true US3791000A (en) 1974-02-12

Family

ID=5822162

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00296893A Expired - Lifetime US3791000A (en) 1971-10-13 1972-10-12 Method and apparatus for smooth-rolling of cylindrical workpiece surfaces

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3791000A (it)
FR (1) FR2157427A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1395364A (it)
IT (1) IT975212B (it)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4367576A (en) * 1980-09-02 1983-01-11 Dickinson Lawrence C Skiving and roller burnishing tool
US4380851A (en) * 1980-09-02 1983-04-26 Dickinson Lawrence C Roller burnishing tool
US4509885A (en) * 1980-09-02 1985-04-09 Dickinson Lawrence C Skiving and roller burnishing tool
US4527929A (en) * 1980-09-02 1985-07-09 Dickinson Lawrence C Roller-guided cutting tool
US4566301A (en) * 1982-09-07 1986-01-28 Aqua-Chem, Inc. Method and means of manufacturing spirally fluted tubes
US4693105A (en) * 1983-10-11 1987-09-15 Lee Jr Roy Method of and apparatus for straightening, swaging, and threading a pipe
US4767656A (en) * 1984-01-09 1988-08-30 The Boeing Company Composite material structure with integral fire protection
US4924568A (en) * 1987-04-21 1990-05-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Sugino Machine Burnishing device for external surfaces of workpieces having circular sectional contours
US5522124A (en) * 1994-05-18 1996-06-04 Cogsdill Tool Products, Inc. Roller burnishing apparatus having directly driven, coaxially disposed burnishing head assembly
US6154941A (en) * 1998-07-31 2000-12-05 Hegenschiedt-Mfd Corporation Crankshaft thrust face burnisher and method
EP1106852A3 (en) * 1999-12-01 2003-10-29 Dana Corporation Method of manufacturing a slip yoke
US20050065817A1 (en) * 2002-04-30 2005-03-24 Mihai Dan M. Separation of validated information and functions in a healthcare system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US455336A (en) * 1891-07-07 Metal-rolling machine
US2843918A (en) * 1956-08-14 1958-07-22 Madison Faessler Tool Company Burnishing tool
US3350762A (en) * 1965-09-10 1967-11-07 Madison Ind Inc Roller burnishing tool
US3504514A (en) * 1967-09-20 1970-04-07 Madison Ind Inc Roller burnishing tool

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US455336A (en) * 1891-07-07 Metal-rolling machine
US2843918A (en) * 1956-08-14 1958-07-22 Madison Faessler Tool Company Burnishing tool
US3350762A (en) * 1965-09-10 1967-11-07 Madison Ind Inc Roller burnishing tool
US3504514A (en) * 1967-09-20 1970-04-07 Madison Ind Inc Roller burnishing tool

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4367576A (en) * 1980-09-02 1983-01-11 Dickinson Lawrence C Skiving and roller burnishing tool
US4380851A (en) * 1980-09-02 1983-04-26 Dickinson Lawrence C Roller burnishing tool
US4509885A (en) * 1980-09-02 1985-04-09 Dickinson Lawrence C Skiving and roller burnishing tool
US4527929A (en) * 1980-09-02 1985-07-09 Dickinson Lawrence C Roller-guided cutting tool
US4566301A (en) * 1982-09-07 1986-01-28 Aqua-Chem, Inc. Method and means of manufacturing spirally fluted tubes
US4693105A (en) * 1983-10-11 1987-09-15 Lee Jr Roy Method of and apparatus for straightening, swaging, and threading a pipe
US4767656A (en) * 1984-01-09 1988-08-30 The Boeing Company Composite material structure with integral fire protection
US4924568A (en) * 1987-04-21 1990-05-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Sugino Machine Burnishing device for external surfaces of workpieces having circular sectional contours
US5522124A (en) * 1994-05-18 1996-06-04 Cogsdill Tool Products, Inc. Roller burnishing apparatus having directly driven, coaxially disposed burnishing head assembly
US6154941A (en) * 1998-07-31 2000-12-05 Hegenschiedt-Mfd Corporation Crankshaft thrust face burnisher and method
EP1106852A3 (en) * 1999-12-01 2003-10-29 Dana Corporation Method of manufacturing a slip yoke
US20050065817A1 (en) * 2002-04-30 2005-03-24 Mihai Dan M. Separation of validated information and functions in a healthcare system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2150895B2 (de) 1976-10-28
IT975212B (it) 1974-07-20
DE2150895A1 (de) 1973-04-19
FR2157427A5 (it) 1973-06-01
GB1395364A (en) 1975-05-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3791000A (en) Method and apparatus for smooth-rolling of cylindrical workpiece surfaces
US3230606A (en) Method and apparatus for rolling rings
US2770155A (en) Ball and helical race for mechanical movements
JPS6219255B2 (it)
US3803890A (en) Rolling machines
GB2074063A (en) Apparatus for forming a point at the end of a metal tube by means of a drawing operation
US2045787A (en) Tool for rolling multiple bearing surfaces
US3823588A (en) Method and system for straightening large diameter shafts by selective cold rolling
US2344274A (en) Roller press
CN211029594U (zh) 轴承内圈外侧壁超精加工的夹具
US4403938A (en) Pipe socket forming
RU1787061C (ru) Устройство дл штамповки кромок продольных канавок
US3855833A (en) Rolling machines
US1752408A (en) Tube expander
US3543551A (en) Apparatus for helically corrugating metal tubing
US3164042A (en) Apparatus for roll forming workpieces
US2835308A (en) Tube expanding tool having rollers confined in cage slots and inclined within range of one-fourth to two-thirds of one degree
US3228224A (en) Tube expander
US3581330A (en) Method and apparatus for forming threads by reciprocating hammers
US3815396A (en) Apparatus for rolling cylindrical surfaces on a workpiece
US2995958A (en) Rotatable tool-holder or work-holder for a machine-tool
US2442009A (en) Peening device
JPS63207427A (ja) 拡管装置
US2753040A (en) Apparatus for axially feeding and rotating cylindrical articles
US3078748A (en) Rolling mill