Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons

Definitions

• ABSTRACT Primary Examiner1-lerbert Levine Attorney, Agent, or FirmBrowdy & Neimark [5 7 ABSTRACT A fuel for use in gas turbines which is a heavy distillate corresponding to the 300 450C. fraction from the first distillation of a crude oil having a flow point no greater than 48C, a viscosity at C. no greater than 1005, a flashpoint greater than 75C. and gener ally between -250C., and a low sulfur, metal and water content.
• the present invention relates to a fuel having determined characteristics, for use in a gas turbine; and more particularly to the use of this fuel in industrial combustion turbines, for the production of electrical energy or simultaneously of electrical energy and vapor.
• combustion engines of the turbine type can operate with gaseous fuels such as natural gas, or liquid fuels such as naphtha, kerosene, domestic fuel, etc. the boiling point of which at atmospheric pressure is lower than 360C or at most equal to it.
• gaseous fuels such as natural gas
• liquid fuels such as naphtha, kerosene, domestic fuel, etc. the boiling point of which at atmospheric pressure is lower than 360C or at most equal to it.
• the new fuel according to the present invention which may be classified in the group of heavy fuels, is characterized by its volatility, that is by its distillation curve defined by its initial boiling point of 300C; its final boiling point of 450C.; and by the points 380C; 50% 400C, 90% 410C. and 95% 420C.
• Being a heavy distillate it may be made up of the liquid fraction of a straight-run of a crude oil first distillation, recovered at a point situated below gas-oils extraction; it may also be obtained by distillation under reduced pressure, of distillation residues at atmospheric pressure of a crude oil at a drawing off zone intermediary between gas-oil and bitumen.
• Such a fraction has a whole series of characteristics which renders it particularly interesting for the specified use.
• the flowing point of a liquid fuel has a great importance for its use; this point must be found below the minimal temperature at which fuel is stored, transferred and used. In utilization conditions according to the invention, it is less than 48C. or at most equal to it.
• the carbon content according to the Conradson test which permits forecasting of the repercussions of fuel heavy elements on motor behavior and measures the more or less pronounced trend of this fuel to be cokified, is of a value lower than 0.4 percent.
• fuel pulverization in order to ensure the most favorable conditions for an excellent combustion, fuel pulverization must be the finest possible. This is of course dependent upon the fluid.
• Flash point defining the temperature at which the new fuel takes fire with flame contact, ranges from a temperature greater than 75C. and generally between 150 and 250C.
• the sulfur content of the new fuel for its use in combustion turbines, must be such that corrosion and atmospheric pollution hazards are poor. Practically, applicant has established that sulfur limits could go up to 2 percent (of fuel weight). It should be noted that as a practical matter the sulfur content of this new combustible is clearly lower than that value.
• the metal content of the new fuel such as vanadium, calcium, sodium, potassium and lead must be low in order to avoid corrosion attack of the turbine blades.
• Vanadium for example, is oxidized by combustion to vanadium pentoxide, then transformed into ashes which adhere to hot metal surfaces thereby corroding their protective layer.
• the fuel according to the present invention does not contain generally more than 2 parts per million of vanadium, 2 parts per million of sodium, 5 parts per million of sodium and potassium together, 5 parts per million of lead and IOparts prrnilli'on of calcium. 7 1
• the water content of the new fuel is at most equal to 0.15 percent while sediment content is practically non-existent.
• the new fuel according to this invention may be used in industrial stations of energy production, using gas turbines of known type, coupled with usual alternators or any other rotative machines.
• a generating-vapor boiler or any exchanger with water circulation may be associated to combustion turbines, in order to produce simultaneously electric energy and steam under pressure, using the calories of the exhausting gases.
• Flash point 216C Flash point 216C.
• Each turbo-alternator was made up of:
• a combustion turbine of known type composed of a l6-stage compressor rotating at the speed of 5,100 t/mn, with a combustion system and with a 2-stage expansion turbine.
• an alternator of also known type having a power of 20,000 kw, under a voltage of 5.5 kw and a frequency of 50 hz.
• Fuel for gas turbines consisting essentially of a heavy distillate boiling from 300-450C. with percent boiling at 380 or less, 50 percent boiling at 400C. or less, 90 percent boiling at 410C. or less and percent boiling at 420C. or less., from the first distillation of crude oil, drawn off at a point of the column situated below gas-oils recovery,'or from the distillation under reduced pressure of a residue of raw petroleum distillation at atmospheric pressure at a point in the column situated below gas-oils recovery, said fuel having a flow point no greater than 48C., a viscosity at C.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9043108

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (2)

• 0
  • BE BE758951D patent/BE758951A/fr unknown
• 1969
  • 1969-11-14 FR FR6939325A patent/FR2067754A5/fr not_active Expired
• 1970
  • 1970-11-10 CA CA097880A patent/CA929748A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-11-10 US US00088512A patent/US3793181A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1970-11-12 DE DE2055714A patent/DE2055714B2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1970-11-12 SE SE7015263A patent/SE372281B/xx unknown
  • 1970-11-13 NL NL7016685A patent/NL7016685A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1970-11-16 GB GB5451370A patent/GB1339024A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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