US3797555A - Method for continuous casting of metal strips - Google Patents

Method for continuous casting of metal strips Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3797555A
US3797555A US00207843A US3797555DA US3797555A US 3797555 A US3797555 A US 3797555A US 00207843 A US00207843 A US 00207843A US 3797555D A US3797555D A US 3797555DA US 3797555 A US3797555 A US 3797555A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mould
tundish
metal
molten
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00207843A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
C English
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wolverine Tube Canada Inc
Original Assignee
Noranda Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Noranda Inc filed Critical Noranda Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3797555A publication Critical patent/US3797555A/en
Assigned to NORANDA INC. reassignment NORANDA INC. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DATE MAY 8, 1984 Assignors: NORANDA MINES LIMITED
Assigned to WOLVERINE TUBE (CANADA) INC., 1010 CLARKE ROAD, P.O. BOX 6515, STATION D, LONDON, ONTARIO, N5W 5S9, A CORP. OF ONTARIO reassignment WOLVERINE TUBE (CANADA) INC., 1010 CLARKE ROAD, P.O. BOX 6515, STATION D, LONDON, ONTARIO, N5W 5S9, A CORP. OF ONTARIO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: NORANDA INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to SECURITY PACIFIC BANK CANADA reassignment SECURITY PACIFIC BANK CANADA SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WOLVERINE TUBE (CANADA) INC.
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for continuously casting metal strip and particularly strips of copper and copper based alloys such as brass, bronze, nickel-silver, cupronickel and the like.
  • the invention is especially applicable to casting of thin metal strip, which can then be directly cold-rolled, at speeds up to and in excess of 30 in./min.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,740,177 of Apr. 3, 1956 to J .8. Smart Jr. relates to a continuous metal casting process for casting various shapes such as round ingots, tubular structures or rectangular shapes within a hot top mould provided with an indirect cooling.
  • a copper alloy coil of 500 lbs/in. width corresponds to a length of 280 ft.
  • a strip of this length may be produced by semi-continuous casting of a long, thick section which is then hot-rolled to about one-half in. thickness, or by welding together shorter lengths hot-rolled from statically cast thick strips.
  • the first alternative requires a large capital investment and correspondingly high opcrating costs, while the welding process is unsuitable from the viewpoint of quality control and operating costs.
  • the present invention provides a solution to the above limitations of the hitherto existing methods and apparatuses by introducing a novel concept to continuous metal casting of strips, which enables high production speeds in excess of 30 in./min. of strips as thin as onehalf in. or less and as wide as 30 in. or more. This corresponds to production rates in excess of 7,000 lbs/hr.
  • such strips are suitable for cold-rolling with or without intermediate annealing and have a very smooth surface and generally an excellent metal structure which has not been achieved, up to now, by continuous casting on industrial scale.
  • the cooling liquid which is normally water is applied onto the lateral walls of the mould at such level as to leave a pool of molten metal above the solidification level in the mould such that the turbulence created by the flow of metal into the tundish is dampened and a quiescent layer of molten metal is maintained at the solidification level in the mould.
  • the section of the mould above the level at which cooling water is applied becomes a hot-top section while that below said level becomes a cold section.
  • This pool of molten metal normally corresponds to about 4 to 6 times the width of the mould above the solidification level.
  • the feed rate ofliquid metal from the tundish is controlled by the rate of withdrawal of the cast strip.
  • the rate of flow of the cooling liquid onto the walls of the mould and then onto the metal strip emerging therefrom, is controlled to provide the necessary rate of extraction of sensible and latent heat from the molten metal so that the perimeter of the metal strip in the mould is solidified and made strong enough to be handled by a withdrawing mechanism below said mould.
  • the effective withdrawal rate is normally adjusted to a speed of between and 60 in./min., and preferably between and 30 in./min.
  • This method is particularly advantageous for continuously casting metal strips of copper or copper based alloys which can be cold-rolled. Such strips will usually be about one-half in. thick and up to about 30 in. wide.
  • Another very advantageous aspect of the present invention is obtained in the casting of strips of copper alloys which contain a constituent which has an appreciable vapour pressure at the point of solidification, as for example brasses or tin bronzes.
  • a constituent which has an appreciable vapour pressure at the point of solidification as for example brasses or tin bronzes.
  • Considerable difficulties are associated with casting of such alloys because of metal volatilisation resulting in a tightly adherent film which condenses on the mould surface thus welding the casting to the mould and causing surface tearing and mould erosion.
  • this problem is solved by controlling the flow of cooling water onto the surface of the mould so as to maintain the temperature at the solidification level within the mould in the range of or above the melting point of the constituent which has an appreciable vapour pressure.
  • thermocouples at predetermined points into the wall of the mould and measuring the temperature at these points with relation to the rate of flow of the cooling water.
  • the zinc or tin constituents which are deposited will not act as an adhesive but rather as a lubricant helping in the overall casting operation and producing remarkably smooth casting with no visible deterioration in the mould surface over long periods of operation.
  • the temperature at the solidification level at the inner wall surface of the mould is maintained at about 400 to 600C, which is close to the melting point of zinc at 420C.
  • tin bronzes the temperature is maintained at about 200 to 400C, tin having a melting point of 232C.
  • the bottom of the tundish may have a layer of highly conductive refractory material to bring the very top of the mould to a temperature close to that of the preheated tundish.
  • the mould is preferably made of graphite and usually projects vertically from the tundish.
  • the opening or cavity in the mould is preferably about onehalfin. to 1 in. wide and up to 30 in. long and the mould is about 4 to 8 in. in height in its preferred embodiment.
  • the mould may also be removably connected with the bottom of the tundish.
  • the mould would have a thin wall upper section and a laterally bulging and downwardly tapering lower section onto which cooling water is applied.
  • This lower section also acts as a reinforcing means for the mould, which prevents it from bulging inwards due to the steep temperature gradient which is produced by cooling.
  • the mould should preferably be reinforced or provided with means to counteract the forces generated by this temperature gradient across the mould wall at the solidification level, which forces may otherwise cause the mould to bulge inwards.
  • the means for applying cooling liquid or water onto the lateral walls of the mould will usually include a number of water conduits within enclosed chambers on each side of the mould, from which the cooling water is adapted to flow onto the lateral walls of the mould at predetermined levels and thereafter to impinge from each side wall directly onto the metal strip emerging from the mould.
  • the rate of water flow on each side of the mould is closely controlled to achieve desired cooling characteristics.
  • the means for withdrawing the metal strip usually comprises the stop and start withdrawing mechanism which is generally known in the art.
  • the apparatus may also be provided with a mould floating arrangement so that the mould may have the desired flexibility during the withdrawal of the metal strip and thereby avoid possible breakage through misalignment or the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a generally perspective view of the arrangement according to the present invention with some portions being represented in section so as to show more clearly the characteristic features of the novel method and apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 is a comparative illustration of the structure of continuously cast strip made according to prior art and made according to the present invention in the case of leaded a/B brass.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is provided according to this invention a mould 5 the upper section 6 of which is connected with the bottom of the tundish 10 in such a manner that there is produced direct communication between the two and so that molten metal 11 can flow directly from the tundish into the mould 5.
  • Mould 6 may be supported at its lower end by any desired means, but in the case of the present embodiment metal slabs 18 and 19 are used for this purpose.
  • Slab l8 presses by one of its side ends against a portion of the mould wall and rests at the other end on another slab 19 which is used to support the whole arrangement.
  • Below slab 18 there is provided a chamber 22 into which cooling water is introduced through water pipes 23. From this chamber 22 the cooling water flows through channel 24 towards and against the walls of the lower portion 7 of the mould and then impinges directly onto the metal strip 25 emerging from the mould.
  • the water flow to each lateral side of the mould is separately controlled to provide optimum heat transfer rate for each side of the cast strip.
  • a sealing gasket may be provided between slab l8 and the wall of the mould portion 7 to avoid penetration of water into the gap that may exist therebetween.
  • Metal strip is then withdrawn in a predetermined sequence by rolls 26 and 27.
  • slab 19 may itself be supported on a pair of mould floating members 28 which, in this case, consist of two members 29, 30 provided with a groove therebetween in which ball bearings 31 are inserted so that member 29 may move in the directions shown by the small double arrow and thereby provide mould 5 with a desired flexibiity if it is budged one way or the other due to misalignment or the like.
  • mould floating arrangement is desirable to increase the life of the mould and the quality of the cast.
  • the floating arrangement 28 may itself be positioned on a platform 32 which is provided at each corner with posts 33 held on the floor or on the supporting member 34 as the case may be.
  • the withdrawal by rolls 26, 27 must be of a stop and start type which is also called intermittent withdrawal. llt is well known that in order to withdraw the casting from a non-lubricated mould it is necessary to minimize the contact between the mould and the casting during the withdrawal step. According to the present invention this is accomplished by stopping the casting for long enough to allow the frozen skin to progress towards the feed end of the mould for a distance about equal to the subsequent withdrawal amplitude.
  • the arrest plus advance cycle times are normally between about 2 and 8 seconds. Due to the fact that the skin of the casting detaches itself from the mould wall almost immediately after freezing, the need for lubrication is eliminated and the only requirement is for a nonwetting mould material, which is impermeable to the coolant.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates this very fine and uniform structure by comparing leaded a/B brass continuously cast according to a known method with indirect cooling and at rates of 10 in./min. shown at A, with leaded cit/,8 brass cast according to the present invention at a rate of 24 in./min. shown at B.
  • Each specimen has been magnified 400 times. The coarse grain size and islands of ,8 phase are easily seen at A together with small lead particles in the form of small drops which are clearly present in this photographic representation, while at B, the fine grain and distribution of B phase without the visible presence of lead particles is clearly demonstrated.
  • This very fine and uniform structure of the strip metal produced according to the present invention combined with the geometry of a thin strip, enables very short heat treatments to be used to change the properties of alloys such as high tin bronze, a/B brass and nickel silver where the as-cast structure may not be suitable for cold-rolling.
  • the result of this quality is that continuous in-line heat treatment processes immediately subsequent to the casting operation are technically feasible. This is a distinct advantage since it is well known that continuous annealing allows better quality control of the entire length of the strip.
  • One-hundred twenty-five lbs of /30 cartridge brass slitter scrap were charged into a KW, 4,000 cycle induction furnace. The charge was melted and stabilized at a temperature of l,O20C. Concurrently, the tundish section of the apparatus and the feeding launder were preheated with propane gas burners to a temperature of l',l00C.
  • the complete charge was then poured into the tundish via the connecting launder over a period of approximately l5 seconds.
  • the withdrawal of the starting bar was commenced at an amplitude of approximately one-fourth in. at an average withdrawal speed of 24 in./min. followed by an arrest period bringing the net casting speed to approximately 15 in./min.
  • the instantaneous withdrawal speed was steadily increased over 'a period of approximately 30 seconds to give a final net withdrawal speed of 24 in./min.
  • thermocouples were embedded l in. and 2% in. below the entrance and it was noted that the temperatures stabilized at 970C and 900C respectively once the final net withdrawal speed had been reached.
  • a cast strip in. wide by one-half in. thick by 70 in. long was produced which was rolled down to 0.020 in. following the commercial mill schedule for this alloy. Deep drawing tests indicated less than one-half percent earing, and it was concluded that from the production processing point of view the properties of the continuously cast strip were as good or better as the best produced by conventional means.
  • the continuous casting process according to the present invention consists of feeding molten metal from a preheated tundish into a bottomless mould at a rate controlled by the speed of withdrawal of the cast strip and applying a heat extraction system to the mould and below the mould on the cast strip in order to solidify the perimeter of the strip and render it strong enough to be handled by the withdrawing stop-start mechanism.
  • the rate of extraction of sensible and latent heat from the molten metal should be substantially equal to the rate of heat transfer to the cooling system.
  • the metallurgical structure of a metal or alloy is sensitive to the freezing rate of the casting, a homogeneous structure requires uniform and stable heat transfer rate around the perimeter of the mould.
  • the liquid metal be fairly quiescent and at a generally uniform temperature. This condition is accomplished by feeding the casting mould from a hot-top of molten metal large enough to dampen out the turbulence generated by the feeding stream. The tundish is heated and the temperature of the molten feed metal is controlled so that the required conditions of quiescence and uniform temperature at the solidification level in the mould are obtained.
  • the arrangement of the tundish and the mould as directly communicating vessels does not allow the introduction of lubricants at the top of the mould and for this reason a stop and start mechanism such as described above is required to withdraw the solidified casting without seizure to an unlubricated mould wall.
  • a uniform and stable heat withdrawal system is desirable to obtain a thermal balance and maintain the level of solidification constant during the continuous formation of the casting. This may be accomplished by locating the insulated hot-top section which is heated by the incoming stream of molten metal directly adjacent to the cooled mould section so that the resulting steep thermal gradient locates the solidification front.
  • a highly effective cooling system is provided which results in the formation of a uniform and adequately strong shell around the inner perimeter of the mould. As soon as this shell is strong enough to contain the liquid pressure from the molten metal head it shrinks away from the mould wall and a gap is formed.
  • the water stream is directed against the surface of the strip as it emerges from the mould.
  • This effective and intense cooling applied both to the mould and the emerging strip allows for a very short residence time in the mould, typically 2 to 5 seconds and consequently a very short mould can be used for a given casting speed.
  • the invention is not limited to short moulds, such short moulds are preferred in accordance with this invention because they have a number of important advantages both from a metallurgical and mechanical standpoints.
  • the short residence time between the retraction of the solidified skin from the mould face and its exposure to the direct secondary cooling substantially reduces the problem of remelting the cast skin and of metal volatilization which may occur within the air gap.
  • Reheating of the cast skin resulting from a long residence time in the air gap of a long mould can result in significant volatilization of alloying elements such as zinc and tin whose vapour pressure at the temperatures prevailing in this area are quite high; this not only affects the alloy composition of the skin, but may also result in metal condensation on the mould wall which may eventually fill the gap produced by the shrinkage and weld to the emerging casting. This usually eitherstops the casting process altogether or damages both the mould and the casting surface.
  • reheating of the already solidified shell may result in the formation of sub-surface porosity and allied defects. This is obviated according to the present invention by the use of a short mould and intense cooling.
  • both the cold and hot sections may comprise a total depth of approximately 4 to 6 in. Consequently, the heat storage capacity of the mould itself is far less than in existing processes and devices which, because of the inefficiency of the indirect cooling systems used, require moulds at least 8 to 12 in. long.
  • the thermal capacity of the mould does not affect the heat extraction rate during the casting process, it is extremely important during starting. At the start, molten metal is fed into a mould, which is necessarily colder than during the casting process, and I sticking to the mould wall it has to be very carefully withdrawn to avoid rupture. Consequently start-up difficulties are magnified as the mould length is increased.
  • short moulds in accordance with the present invention.
  • the length of semi frozen metal which has to be extracted at the start is much less and starting sensibility is considerably reduced.
  • a still further advantage of the short mould is that since the surface temper ature gradient below the level of solidification is necessarily steep, it is possible to locate the perimeter of the solidification profile (liquid-solid interface) and to reinforce the mould at this level to counteract the expansion forces due to the thermal gradient across the mould wall. This characteristic of the process reduces the required amount of subsequent overhauling necessary to produce a flat uniform strip suitable for coldrolling.
  • the mould is such as illustrated in the drawings and described above, where the upper portion of the mould is thin walled and straight while the lower portion thereof has a laterally bulging and downwardly tapering thick wall.
  • This mould being made of graphite, the thick wall is sufficiently conductive not to affect the cooling while at the same time it is sufficiently strong to prevent any substantial dishing of the mould and generally provides a very strong and satisfactory mould for this type of operation.
  • a hot-top mould casting method for continuously casting metal strips suitable for cold rolling comprises the steps of: introducing molten metal into a tundish which is provided at its bottom with a downwardly projecting, open-ended, elongated mould made of non-wetting, heat conducting material, the upper end of said mould being directly connected with the bottom of the tundish; preheating said tundish to maintain the molten metal at a predetermined temperature; feeding said molten metal from the tundish into the mould; applying a cooling liquid directly onto the lateral walls of the mould so as to produce a steep temperature gradient between an upper hot-top section of said mould and a lower cold section of said mould and thereby solidify said metal in said mould in strip form; withdrawing the solidified metal strip in a predetermined stop and start sequence from said mould; and allowing said cooling liquid to impinge directly onto the metal strip emerging at the bottom of the mould.
  • the open ended mould into which molten metal is fed is a hot-top mould made of graphite and projecting vertically from said tundish, the opening in said mould being such as to cast metal strips about one-half to 1 inch thick and up to about 30 inches wide.
  • cooling liquid is water and it is applied onto the lateral walls of the mould at such level as to leave a pool of molten metal above the solidification level in the mould such that turbulence is dampened and a quiescent layer of molten metal is maintained at the solidification level in the mould, and the section of the mould above the level at which cooling water is applied becomes the hot-top section while that below said level becomes the cold section.
  • a hot-top mould casting method for continuously casting metal strips of copper or copper based alloys which are suitable for cold rolling, which method comprises the steps of: introducing molten copper or copper based alloys into a tundish which is provided at its bottom with a downwardly projecting vertical openended graphite mould, the upper end of said mould being directly connected with the bottom of the tundish; preheating said tundish to maintain the molten copper or copper based alloys at a predetermined temperature; feeding said molten copper or copper based alloys from the tundish into the open-ended mould; applying cooling water directly onto the lateral walls of the mould so as to produce a steep temperature gradient between an upper hot-top section of the mould and a lower cold section of said mould and thereby uniformly solidify said copper or copper based alloys in said mould in strip form; withdrawing the solidified strip of copper or copper based alloys in a predetermined stop and start sequence from said mould; and allowing said cooling water to impinge directly onto the strip emerging at the bottom of the mould.
  • cooling water is applied onto the lateral walls of the mould at such level as to leave a pool of molten metal above the solidification level in the mould which corresponds to about 4-6 times the width of the mould, whereby turbulence is dampened and a quiescent layer of molten metal is maintained at the solidification level in the mould and the section of the mould above the level at which cooling water is applied is the hot-top section while that below said level is the cold section.
  • a method for continuously casting metal strips of copper alloys suitable for cold rolling which contain a constituent which has an appreciable vapour pressure at the point of solidification comprises introducing molten alloys into a tundish which is provided at its bottom with a downwardly projecting vertical open ended graphite mould, the upper end of said mould being directly connected with the bottom of the tundish, preheating said tundish to maintain the molten alloys at a predetermined temperature, feeding said molten alloys from the tundish into the open ended mould, applying cooling water directly onto the lateral walls of the mould so as to solidify said alloys at a predetermined level in said mould and controlling the flow of said cooling water so as to maintain the temperature at the solidification level in the mould at least equal to about the melting point of said constituent, withdrawing the solidified strip ofv the alloy in a predetermined stop and start sequence from said mould, and allowing said cooling water to impinge directly onto the strip emerging at the bottom of the mould.
  • a method for continuously casting metal strips suitable for direct cold rolling and in a hot-top mould wherein molten metal is introduced into and maintained in its molten state by a heated tundish which is provided at its bottom with a downwardly projecting, open-ended, mould made of non-wetting, heat conducting material, wherein the upper end of the mould is directly connected with the bottom of the tundish, wherein the molten metal is fed directly from the tundish into the mould, and wherein the solidified metal is withdrawn from the mould in a predetermined stop and start sequence
  • the improvement comprising the steps of applying a cooling liquid directly onto the lateral walls of the mould so as to produce a steep temperature gradient between an upper hot-top section of the mould and a lower cold section of the mould and thereby uniformly solidifying the metal in the mould, and allowing the cooling liquid to impinge directly onto the metal strip emerging at the bottom of the mould.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US00207843A 1971-09-30 1971-12-14 Method for continuous casting of metal strips Expired - Lifetime US3797555A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA124136A CA936328A (en) 1971-09-30 1971-09-30 Method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal strips

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3797555A true US3797555A (en) 1974-03-19

Family

ID=4091040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00207843A Expired - Lifetime US3797555A (en) 1971-09-30 1971-12-14 Method for continuous casting of metal strips

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3797555A (fr)
JP (1) JPS4841923A (fr)
BE (1) BE787970A (fr)
BR (1) BR7205737D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA936328A (fr)
FR (1) FR2154440B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1385985A (fr)
SE (1) SE397278B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3908737A (en) * 1973-07-31 1975-09-30 Nippon Steel Corp Method for producing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet utilizing a continuous casting process
WO2003055621A1 (fr) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Outokumpu Oyj Dispositif de fabrication de bandes metalliques en coulee continue
CN100457938C (zh) * 2004-04-20 2009-02-04 中铝上海铜业有限公司 压电晶体振荡器外壳用锌白铜带及其制造方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5263926A (en) * 1975-11-22 1977-05-26 Ina Seito Kk Method of molding of articles having tilee form surface and compositions for said process
FR2612098B3 (fr) * 1987-03-19 1989-10-27 Danieli Off Mecc Systeme de coulee continue pour l'obtention de brames minces
JP7131707B2 (ja) * 2019-08-02 2022-09-06 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 連続鋳造鋳片の二次冷却装置及び二次冷却方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2503819A (en) * 1945-12-08 1950-04-11 Dow Chemical Co Continuous casting
US2698467A (en) * 1950-06-05 1955-01-04 Edward W Osann Jr Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal
US2740177A (en) * 1953-07-21 1956-04-03 American Smelting Refining Continuous metal casting process
US3210812A (en) * 1962-12-31 1965-10-12 Scovill Manufacturing Co Continuous casting mold
US3353584A (en) * 1964-12-10 1967-11-21 Anaconda American Brass Co Continuous casting cooling method and apparatus
US3519062A (en) * 1966-10-06 1970-07-07 Alfred J Wertli Apparatus for producing strip metal by continuous casting
US3599706A (en) * 1968-04-11 1971-08-17 Wieland Werke Ag Continuous casting mold with coated jacket under spring tensioning

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4534024Y1 (fr) * 1967-11-09 1970-12-25

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2503819A (en) * 1945-12-08 1950-04-11 Dow Chemical Co Continuous casting
US2698467A (en) * 1950-06-05 1955-01-04 Edward W Osann Jr Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal
US2740177A (en) * 1953-07-21 1956-04-03 American Smelting Refining Continuous metal casting process
US3210812A (en) * 1962-12-31 1965-10-12 Scovill Manufacturing Co Continuous casting mold
US3353584A (en) * 1964-12-10 1967-11-21 Anaconda American Brass Co Continuous casting cooling method and apparatus
US3519062A (en) * 1966-10-06 1970-07-07 Alfred J Wertli Apparatus for producing strip metal by continuous casting
US3599706A (en) * 1968-04-11 1971-08-17 Wieland Werke Ag Continuous casting mold with coated jacket under spring tensioning

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3908737A (en) * 1973-07-31 1975-09-30 Nippon Steel Corp Method for producing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet utilizing a continuous casting process
WO2003055621A1 (fr) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Outokumpu Oyj Dispositif de fabrication de bandes metalliques en coulee continue
US20050061469A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2005-03-24 Sture Ostlund Apparatus for continuous casting of metal strips
US7004226B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2006-02-28 Outokumpu Oyj Apparatus for continuous casting of metal strips
CN100457938C (zh) * 2004-04-20 2009-02-04 中铝上海铜业有限公司 压电晶体振荡器外壳用锌白铜带及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1385985A (en) 1975-03-05
SE397278B (sv) 1977-10-31
DE2240795B2 (de) 1976-12-09
FR2154440A1 (fr) 1973-05-11
JPS4841923A (fr) 1973-06-19
BR7205737D0 (pt) 1973-09-18
CA936328A (en) 1973-11-06
FR2154440B1 (fr) 1975-01-03
BE787970A (fr) 1972-12-18
DE2240795A1 (de) 1973-04-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Emley Continuous casting of aluminium
US2225373A (en) Method and apparatus for casting metal
US3519059A (en) Method of vacuum slag refining of metal in the course of continuous casting
US4166495A (en) Ingot casting method
US4515204A (en) Continuous metal casting
US4715428A (en) Method and apparatus for direct casting of crystalline strip by radiant cooling
US3797555A (en) Method for continuous casting of metal strips
US1961399A (en) Ingot casting method
US3326270A (en) Continuous casting of metals
US4911226A (en) Method and apparatus for continuously casting strip steel
US4736789A (en) Apparatus and method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds using an oscillating mold assembly
US3495649A (en) Method of continuous casting an alloy having a two phase region during cooling
US3916985A (en) Apparatus for continuous casting of metal strips
US4694888A (en) Electromagnetic levitation casting
US5484009A (en) Method and apparatus for direct casting of continuous metal strip
EP0293601A2 (fr) Procédé pour la fabrication de billettes creuses et appareil pour cela
US3891024A (en) Method for the continuous casting of metal ingots or strips
US4678719A (en) Method and apparatus for continuous casting of crystalline strip
US4150714A (en) Lead casting seal
US4122890A (en) Nozzle for the continuous casting of lead
JPS61119359A (ja) マグネシウムまたはその合金の連続鋳造法
JPH06263B2 (ja) 連続鋳造法
US4830087A (en) Continuous casting of thin slab ingots
EP0174765A2 (fr) Procédé et appareil de coulée continue de bande cristalline
JPH09220645A (ja) 連続鋳造用金属鋳型の壁の潤滑方法と、それを実施するための鋳型

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: NORANDA INC.

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NORANDA MINES LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004307/0376

Effective date: 19840504

AS Assignment

Owner name: WOLVERINE TUBE (CANADA) INC., 1010 CLARKE ROAD, P.

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:NORANDA INC.;REEL/FRAME:004990/0526

Effective date: 19881101

AS Assignment

Owner name: SECURITY PACIFIC BANK CANADA, 50TH FLR., 1 FIRST C

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WOLVERINE TUBE (CANADA) INC.;REEL/FRAME:005646/0428

Effective date: 19910124