US3813520A - Electric heating unit - Google Patents

Electric heating unit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3813520A
US3813520A US00345718A US34571873A US3813520A US 3813520 A US3813520 A US 3813520A US 00345718 A US00345718 A US 00345718A US 34571873 A US34571873 A US 34571873A US 3813520 A US3813520 A US 3813520A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
strips
electrical
heating
bus bars
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00345718A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Brouneus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Corning Glass Works
Original Assignee
Corning Glass Works
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corning Glass Works filed Critical Corning Glass Works
Priority to US00345718A priority Critical patent/US3813520A/en
Priority to ES420289A priority patent/ES420289A1/es
Priority to DE2411663A priority patent/DE2411663A1/de
Priority to JP49033397A priority patent/JPS49125572A/ja
Priority to GB1331774A priority patent/GB1460603A/en
Priority to FR7410213A priority patent/FR2223928B1/fr
Priority to SE7404126A priority patent/SE386801B/xx
Priority to IT82209/74A priority patent/IT1010980B/it
Priority to BE142560A priority patent/BE812962A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3813520A publication Critical patent/US3813520A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout

Definitions

  • An electnc heating un1t lncludmg a flat, smooth sheet or plate of a glassy material on the upper surface of Filedi 3 which vessels are to be placed for heating or cooking purposes.
  • a portion of the plate is selected as a heat- [211 Appl 3457l8 ing portion and the lower surface of the selected por- 1 7 tion isdivided into a plurality of selected areas of genl erally equal areal expanse.
  • FIG. 1 of US. Pat. No. 3,067,315, issued Dec. 4, 1962 to Bohdan Hurko a serpentine shape heating element 12 which is deposited on and/or bonded to the underside of a base plate 11 of a glassy material to provide a heating portion of such material.
  • a heating element having a configuration such as said element 12 comprises a single uniform width conductor and is formed of a material having a linear positive temperature coefficient of electrical re sistance so that the element may be used as itsown temperature sensor as disclosed in my copending application, Ser. No. 345,719, filed Mar.
  • electrical current supplied to the heating element 'or conductor such as 12, as from a 120V alternating current source such as shown in FIG. 1 of said copending application would be the same in all sections of the current path of the heating element.
  • the power density per 'unit of area A (FR/A) of the heating element would be uniform only when the resistance is the same for all equal length increments of said current path.
  • the outer regions of a heating element, because of lateral heat flow outward from such regions, generally run cooler than the central region of the heating element and, with a heating element having a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance, an'increase in the resistance in the central region of the heating element results.
  • the power density therein can change with flat bottom cooking vessels used on a heating portion of a heating unit such as discussed above in conjunction with the aforesaid Hurko patent, if and when such flat bottom cooking vessels are not centered over said heating portion, or if or when reflective aluminum vessels or other similar vessels having dented or domed bottoms, or other similar vessels are used on heating portions of the class discussed.
  • a water-filled flat bottom vessel covering all of the heating area of a heating unit may hold a heating element temperature down to aregion of 450C at a power density of 38 to 40 watts per square inch when a temperature control system such as that disclosed in the aforesaid copending patent application is used for temperature control of said heating element.
  • a temperature control system such as that disclosed in the aforesaid copending patent application is used for temperature control of said heating element.
  • Such temperature is well below that at which control action by said temperature control system will take place.
  • said vessel is positioned off center so as to cover only about '70 percent of the heating area, the temperature of the uncovered portion of such area will rise due to the increase in resistance to thermal transfer from said uncoveredportion of the heating area.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an electric heating unit of the class described and which is provided with a heating element which will reduce the above discussed unsafe conditions to the maximum extent possible.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings there is shown the lower surface 10 of a plate 11 ofv a relatively thin, heat resistant, high dielectric glass-ceramic or glassy material having high mechanical strength, good abrasion and thermal shock resistance, and flat and smooth upper and lower surfaces, plates of such characteristics being now well known in the art.
  • a portion 12 of said plate is selected as a heating portion for one embodiment of the heating unit disclosed and the lower surface 12a of such portion 12 is provided with an electric heating element '13 having characteristics and configurations such as discussed below.
  • Said portion 12 is shown as being circular but such portion may have other shapes if desired.
  • each of said strips such as 14 may, for example, be about 6 inches in diameter, and the width of each of said strips such as 14 may, for example, be nominally 0.110 inch.
  • buses or bus bars are graded in width in a stepwise manner, that is, bus bars 15 and 16 are the widest of the bus bars and bus bars 19 and 20 are the narrowest, with bus bars 17 and 18 being intermediate in width.
  • buses or bus bars will be discussed further hereinafter.
  • the strips such as 14 and the bus bars such as 15 through 20 are preferably applied to lower surface 12a of heating portion 12 by the well-known silk-screen process and are subsequently subjected to a heat treatment to make the strips and bus bars an integrant part of plate 11.
  • other well-known methods of deposition of the strips and bus bars to lower surface 12a of a heating portion such as 12 can be employed-if found expedient or desirable.
  • a pair of electrical terminals 21 and 22 which are intended to be connected to first and second terminals, respectively, of a source of current suitable for energizing the heating element 13 and which may, for example, be the 120V alternating current source shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings of my aforementioned copending application Ser. No. 345,719.
  • a heating element such as 13 can; of course, be connected to the first and second terminals of a 240V alternating current source or any other suitable source of electrical power by changing the parameters of the strips such as 14 and the bus bars such as 15 through 20, and/or the composition .of the material of such components, as is believed will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • the terminals 21 and 22 may, for example, also be applied to the lower surface of plate 10 by the silk-screen process such as mentioned above.
  • terminal 21 connects with a first end of medium width bus bar 18 and with a first or one of the ends of wide bus bar 16.
  • the second end of bus bar 18 connects selectively with first ends of two of the strips such as 14 and the second end of bus bar 16 connects with first ends of two of the strips such as 14 and with a first or one end of another bus bar of intermediate width and whose second end connects selectively with first ends of two others of the strips such as 14.
  • the second end of bus bar 18 connects selectively with first ends of two of the strips such as 14.
  • the aforesaid terminal 22 connects with a first end of medium width bus bar 17 and with one or a first end of wide bus bar 15.
  • the second end of bus bar 17 connects selectively with second ends of two of the strips such as 14, and the second end of bus bar 15 connects with second ends of two of the strips such as 14 and with a first or one end of still another bus bar of intermediate width and whose second end connects selectively with first ends of another two of the strips such as 14.
  • the second end of bus bar 17 connects selectively with second ends of two of the strips such as 14.
  • Bus bars 19 and 20 connect selectively with bus bars 18 and 17, respectively, and to a first end of each of the strips such as 14 as mentioned above.
  • the second ends of these latter strips connect selectively with the first ends of bus bars 16 and 15 at points adjacent terminals '21 and 22, respectively.
  • heating element-l3 and terminals 21 and 22 are disposed on plate 10 so that such components are reversibly or reversely bisymmetrical on opposite sides of any median line extending through the center of heating portion 12. That is to say, taking any median line extending through the center point of portion 12 (or surface 12a) .the half of portion 12 on one side of the taken median line (including those parts of the strips such as 14, the bus bars 15 through 20 and the terminals 21 and 22 on such side of the taken median line) will be seen to be geometrically congruent with the half of portion 12 on the other side of the taken median line if or when either one of the halves is rotated 180 relative to the other half in the plane of the area of portion 12. It is, however, pointed out that said portion 12 and its associated thin film components need not necessarily be bisymmetrical, as discussed, but it is expedient to make it so for the purpose of attaining equal electrical resistance in each of the circuit paths of heating element 13.
  • the buses 17, 18, 19, and 20 in the peripheral areas of the burner are designed to have essentially the same power density as each of the said strips such as 14.
  • the buses 15 and 16, as well as the intermediate width strips connecting with second ends of such buses 15 and 16 in the central region, are designed to operate at a lower power density such as, for example, percent of that for each of said strips such as 14.
  • the lower power density for buses 15 and 16 is for the purpose of allowing for power density increases in these buses such as previously mentioned, that is, for example, for conditions of off-center placement of a flat bottom water-filled vessel.
  • the greatest temperature rise in bus 16 would occur when said vessel is positioned to cover all or a substantial part of the areas of surface 12a of portion 12 which are heated by the strips such as 14 which are connected to bus 16 while, at the same time, the areas occupied by and/or surrounding bus 16 are not covered by said vessel.
  • Such an aforesaid 85 percent power density factor for the central bus such as 16 is applicable when using an element material which has, for example, a resistance at 450C which is nominally'l.5 times the'resistance of said element material at 20C and thereby, results in a bus temperature, during the off-center vessel condition, that is nearly identical to the temperatureof the strips such as 114.
  • heating element materials which have higher or lower positive temperature coe'fficients of electrical resistance would require the employment of power density factors lower and higher, respectively, than 85' percent.
  • the strips such as 14 are arranged to be electrically connected in multiple, that is, in parallel across an electrical power source, and the major portion of the conductor path of each individual ones of said strips is confined to a selected small area of the total area covered by the heating element (excluding the area covered by terminals 21 and 22) with each such selected area being of an area] expanse substantially'equal to each of the others of such selected areas.
  • the current in each strip such as 14 is common to current in each of the other of such strips only in the relatively short lengths of common supply buses. Consequently, the current in each strip such as 14 is, normally,'generallyindependent of the current in each of the other of such strips.
  • a 21 section heating element that is, a heating element 33 having 21 electrical resistance heating strips such as 34 and a plurality of electrical buses or bus bars which are graded in width ina manner similar to that in which the buses or bus bars through of FIG. 1 are graded, that is, in a stepwise manner.
  • the width of each of the strips such as 34 may, for example, be 0.046 inch and the total area covered by such strips on the order of 66 square inches.
  • Heating element 33 may, for example,'have an electrical resistance of 0.35 ohms per square and be energized from a 240V source of alternating current.
  • the parameters of element 33 may be changed so as to be energized from any suitable source of current as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 2 includes a pair of electrical buses or bus bars 35a and 36a of which corresponding ones do not appear in FIG. 1 of the drawings but which are stepwise graded in width similarly to bus bars 35 and 36.
  • a detailed discussion of the operation of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2 is believed not to be necessary in view of the previous description and, therefore, inorder to keep the disclosure as brief as practicable, no additional discussion will-be given.
  • An electrical cooking unit comprising:
  • a plurality of areas of the lower surface of said heating portion selected to have generally equal areal expanses and having deposited thereon undulate and relatively narrow continuous strips of metallic thin film of an electrical resistance material of a linear positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance, all of said strips beinggenerally equal to eachother in length andwidth and in spacing between the undulations of each respective strip to normally provide equal electrical resistance to each said strip;
  • a heating element bonded to the lower surface of said selected portion of said plate, such element comprising;
  • each said strip being bonded to an associated area of said lower surface of said portion with each such area being of an areal expanse generally equal to each of the others of such areas and each of said strips being generally equal to each other in length and width with the undulations thereof generally spaced equally apart;
  • bus bars formed of the same material as said strips and bonded to areas of said lower surface of said portion, said bus bars having first ends selectively connected with each other and to selected first ends of said strips to connect the strips in an electrical parallel relationship with each other and the bus bars being graded in width to provide electrical feed paths of equal velectrical resistance for each of said strips;

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
US00345718A 1973-03-28 1973-03-28 Electric heating unit Expired - Lifetime US3813520A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00345718A US3813520A (en) 1973-03-28 1973-03-28 Electric heating unit
ES420289A ES420289A1 (es) 1973-03-28 1973-11-06 Perfeccionamientos introducidos en unidades electricas ca- lorificas.
DE2411663A DE2411663A1 (de) 1973-03-28 1974-03-12 Elektrische heizplatte
JP49033397A JPS49125572A (fr) 1973-03-28 1974-03-25
GB1331774A GB1460603A (en) 1973-03-28 1974-03-26 Electrical cooking and heating units
FR7410213A FR2223928B1 (fr) 1973-03-28 1974-03-26
SE7404126A SE386801B (sv) 1973-03-28 1974-03-27 Elektrisk kok- eller vermeapparat innefattande stromsamlingsledare som er graderade i bredd
IT82209/74A IT1010980B (it) 1973-03-28 1974-03-27 Gruppo riscaldante elettrico
BE142560A BE812962A (fr) 1973-03-28 1974-03-28 Element electrique chauffant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00345718A US3813520A (en) 1973-03-28 1973-03-28 Electric heating unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3813520A true US3813520A (en) 1974-05-28

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ID=23356202

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00345718A Expired - Lifetime US3813520A (en) 1973-03-28 1973-03-28 Electric heating unit

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3813520A (fr)
JP (1) JPS49125572A (fr)
BE (1) BE812962A (fr)
DE (1) DE2411663A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES420289A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2223928B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1460603A (fr)
IT (1) IT1010980B (fr)
SE (1) SE386801B (fr)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3931496A (en) * 1974-11-21 1976-01-06 General Electric Company Electrical heating plate with terminal means for high temperature film heater
US4002883A (en) * 1975-07-23 1977-01-11 General Electric Company Glass-ceramic plate with multiple coil film heaters
DE3126989A1 (de) * 1981-07-08 1983-01-27 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen Kochplatte
DE3302795A1 (de) * 1983-01-28 1984-08-02 Miele & Cie GmbH & Co, 4830 Gütersloh Kochplattenausbildung
WO1985003832A1 (fr) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-29 Flexwatt Corporation Dispositif de chauffage electrique
FR2623684A1 (fr) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-26 Labo Electronique Physique Element chauffant en vitroceramique
EP0481162A3 (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-12-09 Lancet S.A. Domestic cooking apparatus
US5177341A (en) * 1987-02-25 1993-01-05 Thorn Emi Plc Thick film electrically resistive tracks
US5475203A (en) * 1994-05-18 1995-12-12 Gas Research Institute Method and woven mesh heater comprising insulated and noninsulated wire for fusion welding of plastic pieces
US5695670A (en) * 1993-12-09 1997-12-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Diamond heater
WO2000065877A1 (fr) * 1999-04-21 2000-11-02 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Film mince chauffant de securite
US20040222210A1 (en) * 2003-05-08 2004-11-11 Hongy Lin Multi-zone ceramic heating system and method of manufacture thereof
US20090237200A1 (en) * 2005-06-21 2009-09-24 Rohm Co., Ltd. Chip resistor and its manufacturing process
US20100247180A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-09-30 Panasonic Corporation Heat generation unit and heating apparatus
US20100266319A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-10-21 Panasonic Corporation Heat generation unit and heating apparatus
US20110052283A1 (en) * 2008-05-09 2011-03-03 Panasonic Corporation Heat generating unit and heating apparatus
US20160011134A1 (en) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-14 Sensirion Ag Heater structure for a sensor device
US20180164246A1 (en) * 2016-12-14 2018-06-14 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. On-chip heater
US20180325311A1 (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-11-15 Benjamin F. Feldman Operating system for a cooking appliance
US10826200B2 (en) * 2017-04-04 2020-11-03 Sh Korea Co., Ltd. Power connector dedicated to heating film
US20210329745A1 (en) * 2020-04-16 2021-10-21 Tutco, Llc Heating element and method of use

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10103299B4 (de) * 2001-01-25 2010-08-05 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Kochmuldenheizvorrichtung

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2915613A (en) * 1955-11-29 1959-12-01 William H Norton Heating surface
US2976386A (en) * 1958-03-31 1961-03-21 Lewis L Salton Electric food warmers
US3067315A (en) * 1960-02-08 1962-12-04 Gen Electric Multi-layer film heaters in strip form
US3406279A (en) * 1965-11-12 1968-10-15 Corning Glass Works Cooking surfaces
US3417229A (en) * 1965-10-14 1968-12-17 Sanders Associates Inc Electrical resistance heating articles
US3489884A (en) * 1966-12-28 1970-01-13 Texas Instruments Inc Heated windshield wiper and blade therefor
US3505498A (en) * 1968-07-23 1970-04-07 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Cooking utensil with integral dielectric layer and electrical heating element
US3684858A (en) * 1971-06-23 1972-08-15 Iwar H Buck Thermal printing head
US3700852A (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-10-24 Displaytek Corp Thermal display module

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2915613A (en) * 1955-11-29 1959-12-01 William H Norton Heating surface
US2976386A (en) * 1958-03-31 1961-03-21 Lewis L Salton Electric food warmers
US3067315A (en) * 1960-02-08 1962-12-04 Gen Electric Multi-layer film heaters in strip form
US3417229A (en) * 1965-10-14 1968-12-17 Sanders Associates Inc Electrical resistance heating articles
US3406279A (en) * 1965-11-12 1968-10-15 Corning Glass Works Cooking surfaces
US3489884A (en) * 1966-12-28 1970-01-13 Texas Instruments Inc Heated windshield wiper and blade therefor
US3505498A (en) * 1968-07-23 1970-04-07 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Cooking utensil with integral dielectric layer and electrical heating element
US3700852A (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-10-24 Displaytek Corp Thermal display module
US3684858A (en) * 1971-06-23 1972-08-15 Iwar H Buck Thermal printing head

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3931496A (en) * 1974-11-21 1976-01-06 General Electric Company Electrical heating plate with terminal means for high temperature film heater
US4002883A (en) * 1975-07-23 1977-01-11 General Electric Company Glass-ceramic plate with multiple coil film heaters
DE3126989A1 (de) * 1981-07-08 1983-01-27 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen Kochplatte
US4527050A (en) * 1981-07-08 1985-07-02 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerate Blanc Und Fischer Hotplate
DE3302795A1 (de) * 1983-01-28 1984-08-02 Miele & Cie GmbH & Co, 4830 Gütersloh Kochplattenausbildung
US4633068A (en) * 1984-02-15 1986-12-30 Flexwatt Corporation Electrical heating device
WO1985003832A1 (fr) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-29 Flexwatt Corporation Dispositif de chauffage electrique
US5177341A (en) * 1987-02-25 1993-01-05 Thorn Emi Plc Thick film electrically resistive tracks
FR2623684A1 (fr) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-26 Labo Electronique Physique Element chauffant en vitroceramique
EP0319079A1 (fr) * 1987-11-24 1989-06-07 Laboratoires D'electronique Philips Elément chauffant en vitrocéramique
US5508495A (en) * 1990-10-15 1996-04-16 Yahav; Shimon Domestic cooking apparatus
EP0481162A3 (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-12-09 Lancet S.A. Domestic cooking apparatus
US5374807A (en) * 1990-10-15 1994-12-20 Yahav; Shimon Domestic cooking apparatus
US5695670A (en) * 1993-12-09 1997-12-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Diamond heater
US5475203A (en) * 1994-05-18 1995-12-12 Gas Research Institute Method and woven mesh heater comprising insulated and noninsulated wire for fusion welding of plastic pieces
WO2000065877A1 (fr) * 1999-04-21 2000-11-02 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Film mince chauffant de securite
US20040222210A1 (en) * 2003-05-08 2004-11-11 Hongy Lin Multi-zone ceramic heating system and method of manufacture thereof
US20090237200A1 (en) * 2005-06-21 2009-09-24 Rohm Co., Ltd. Chip resistor and its manufacturing process
US7733211B2 (en) * 2005-06-21 2010-06-08 Rohm Co., Ltd. Chip resistor and its manufacturing process
US20100266319A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-10-21 Panasonic Corporation Heat generation unit and heating apparatus
US20100247180A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-09-30 Panasonic Corporation Heat generation unit and heating apparatus
US20110052283A1 (en) * 2008-05-09 2011-03-03 Panasonic Corporation Heat generating unit and heating apparatus
US20160011134A1 (en) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-14 Sensirion Ag Heater structure for a sensor device
US9995700B2 (en) * 2014-07-14 2018-06-12 Sensirion Ag Heater structure for a sensor device
US20180164246A1 (en) * 2016-12-14 2018-06-14 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. On-chip heater
US10852271B2 (en) * 2016-12-14 2020-12-01 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. On-chip heater
US20180325311A1 (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-11-15 Benjamin F. Feldman Operating system for a cooking appliance
US10826200B2 (en) * 2017-04-04 2020-11-03 Sh Korea Co., Ltd. Power connector dedicated to heating film
US20210329745A1 (en) * 2020-04-16 2021-10-21 Tutco, Llc Heating element and method of use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2223928B1 (fr) 1978-01-06
FR2223928A1 (fr) 1974-10-25
BE812962A (fr) 1974-09-30
JPS49125572A (fr) 1974-12-02
SE386801B (sv) 1976-08-16
DE2411663A1 (de) 1974-10-10
ES420289A1 (es) 1976-03-01
GB1460603A (en) 1977-01-06
IT1010980B (it) 1977-01-20

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