US3818979A - Heat exchange system - Google Patents

Heat exchange system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3818979A
US3818979A US00310083A US31008372A US3818979A US 3818979 A US3818979 A US 3818979A US 00310083 A US00310083 A US 00310083A US 31008372 A US31008372 A US 31008372A US 3818979 A US3818979 A US 3818979A
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United States
Prior art keywords
unit
conduit
heat
heat exchange
units
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00310083A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Hilgemann
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Tour Agenturer AB
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Tour Agenturer AB
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Publication date
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Publication of US3818979A publication Critical patent/US3818979A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems

Definitions

  • conduit units Two or more separate conduit units are provided, which can be embedded at remote positions in structural elements. Each conduit unit has an inlet portion. an outlet portion and a main body portion communicating with these and including at least two'parallel sections of identical internal cross-sectional area arranged in heat-exchanging contact with one another over substantially their entire length. Heat exchange fluid can be circulated through the conduit units individually and can be controlled individually as to its temperature level.
  • the present invention relates generally to a heat exchange system, and more particularly to a heat exchange system which can be embedded in structural elements.
  • a more particular is to provide such an improved heat exchange arrangement which can be operated more economically than that known from the prior art.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such an improved heat exchange arrangement whose level of heating or cooling can be controlled more precisely than what is known from the prior art.
  • a heat exchange arrangement or system which, briefly stated, comprises a combination of conduit means including at least two separate conduit units arranged to be positioned remote from one another and such having an inlet portion, an outlet portion and a main body portion intermediate the inlet and outlet portions and adapted to be embedded in a structural element.
  • Each main body portion includes at least two parallel sections of at least substantially identical internal cross-sectional area arranged in heat exchanging contact with one another over at least substantially their entire length.
  • One of the conduit sections is adapted to receive incoming fresh heat exchange fluid from the inlet portion and the other conduit section is adapted to receive spent heat exchange fluid from the one section and to conduct it to the outlet portion.
  • Circulating means is connected with the respective inlet and outlet portions for circulating heat exchange fluid for each unit independently of the other, and heat exchange means is provided for adjusting the temperature of the heat exchange fluid to circulated it through the respective units.
  • the present invention makes it possible to economically and flexibly cool or heat areas having particularly high transmission losses, due to the fact that the unit embedded in an area having the highest transmission losses (for instance near a window) can be operated with fluid at highest heating or at lowest cooling level.
  • the unit embedded in an area having the highest transmission losses for instance near a window
  • the conduit unit which is associated with such a region of high transmission losses is therefore in accordance with the present invention provided with additional heating and/or cooling means, so that the heat exchange fluid supplied to it may be given additional heat energy or maybe cooled additionally beyond the temperature at which it is supplied to the other unit or units of the system.
  • the heating means may be in form of an electrical heating unit or device,
  • cooling means may be in form of a refrigerant unit of appropriate capability.
  • the present invention further provides that the sections of the conduit in each conduit unit may be arranged at different spacings from one another in the different units.
  • the unit which is located in an area having highest transmission loss will have the convolutions of its sections more closely adjacent'one another than the other unit or units. It is important to realize that the uniformity of the surface temperature of the structural element in which the respective unit is embedded, will be the better the closer together the convolutions of the conduit sections are. However, it is difficult to obtain an even surface temperature of the structural element, given the fact that 3.
  • the thickness of material of the element above the conduits should be as low as possible, because with increasing thickness of the material the reluctance of the material of the panel to undergo temperature fluctuations increases. If the thickness of material of the structural element above the embedded conduit is 25 millimeters or less, then the spacing between the adjacent convolutions of the embedded conduit should be no more then- 12 centimeters, with the diameter of the conduit advantageously not being in excess of 25 millimeters and the conduit material being a synthetic plastic material.
  • the separate heating unit can be controlled by two thermostats switching it on and off, with one of the thermostats being connected with the outlet for the heat exchange fluid of the unit in question, and the other being arranged in the immediate vicinity of the structural element in which the conduit unit is embedded.
  • the cooling device associated with the unit can be controlled by a thermostat and a hygrostat, with the latter being located directly on the surface of the structural element whereas the thermostat advantageously is so positioned as to indicate mean room temperature of the room of which the structural element forms a part.
  • FIGURE is a diagrammatic composite illustration of one embodiment in the invention.
  • reference numeral 2 identifies a structural element in which conduits according to the present invention are to be embedded.
  • the structural element is here illustrated as the floor of a room.
  • Conduit means 11 and 12 V are embedded, with the incoming conduit sections 1" and 11", that is the conduit'sections through which heat exchange fluid enters, being shown in broken lines while the return flow conduit sections, which receive heat exchange fluid from the conduit sections 1" and II" and return it to the source, are illustrated in full lines.
  • the structural element 2 may be in form of a concrete floor, or a floor in which concrete and synthetic plastic material are combined, and embedded in it and mounted on a steel reinforcing mat 2' are the conduit units 1 and 11.
  • an intermediate layer 2" which serves for various purposes, for instance as a vapor barrier, as a noise barrier and to avoid excessive heat losses.
  • the sections 1' and 11' and the return flow sections .1" and 11" are connected via collectors 1' and 1" with a boiler 4 which in the illustrated embodiment is provided with a closed expansion vessel 4' and a safety valve 4".
  • a water pump 5 is interposed in the section 1' between the collector 1' and the boiler 4, as well as a three-way mixing valve 6 which is connected via an intermediate conduit 6' with the return flow section 1" between the collector 1'" and the boiler 4.
  • a cooling tower 8 which is connected via the conduit 8' and the valve 8" to the conduit section 1' and is also connected via the return flow conduit 8" and the valve 8' to the conduit section 1''.
  • the unit 1 which is shown in the upper part of the drawing as embedded in the structural element, is provided in form of a continuous convoluted arrangement, and the second smaller unit 11 is in form of a continuous spiral. It should be understood that for purposes of explanation it is assumed here that it is the unit 11 which is embedded in the region of a zone having the highest transmission losses.
  • a heating unit 24 is interposed in the section 11' of the unit 11, having a switch 24 which can be opened via thermostat 24" to a device having a switch 24' which can be opened via thermostat 24" as soon as thetemperature of the incoming heat exchange liquid in the section 11' reaches a certain level.
  • the room thermostat 24' Connected inseries with the thermostat 24" is the room thermostat 24'" which is so located and connected with the switch 24' that it closes the same as soon as the room temperature drops due to the high transmission losses in the region where the conduit unit 11 is embedded, thus calling for additional heat.
  • a heat exchange 9 is connected in parallel with the heating device 24; the heat exchanger 9' is interposed in the circulation of a cooling device 9 which essentially is composed of the heat exchanger 9' acting as an evaporator, a compressor 9", a condenser 9' and a pressure reducing valve 9".
  • the incoming heat exchange fluid has heat removed from it in the section I by a cooling fluid which as a result evaporates and is withdrawn by the compressor 9" which compresses it and raises its temperature to an appropriate level, whereupon it is cooled in the condenser 9' by an air stream, the condenser 9" being for this purpose provided with a sufficiently large exterior heat exchange surface area, to be returned via the pressure reducing valve 9" as condensate to the evaporator 9'.
  • the heating device 24 is switched on and off by the room thermostat 24'" which is located in the immediate vicinity of the unit 1l,'via the switch 24' and is deactivated by the thermostat 24" which is connected in series with the thermostat 24' when the necessary temperature of the incoming heat exchange fluid has been reached.
  • the operation of the cooling unit is controlled by the room thermostat 24'" and the hygrostat 26. If, for instance, the room thermostat 24' has been set to a certain temperature and on a hot summer day the heat entering through the window 25' causes the preselected temperature level to be exceeded, thermostat 24' will call for cooling, opening the valve 27 and thereupon operating the compressor 9" and the condenser 9'. As soon as the humidity of the structural element embedding the unit 11 is sensed by the hygrostat 26 to be approaching the dew point the hygrostat 26 switches off the compressor 9" and closes the valve 27, so that a condensation of the water vapor in the air on the layer 2 is reliably avoided, this being important because it would seriously detract from the comfort of persons in the room.
  • conduit means including at least a first and a separate second conduit unit which are positioned remote from one another and which each have an inlet portion, an outlet portion and a main body portion intermediate said inlet and outlet portions and adapted to be embedded in a structural element, each of said main body portions including at least two parallel conduit sections of at least substantially identical internal cross-sectional area which are arranged in heat-exchanging contact with one another over at least substantially their entire length, one of said conduit sections communicating with and receiving incoming fresh heat-exchange fluid from said inlet portion and the other conduit section communicating with and receiving spent heatexchange fluid from said one conduit section for conducting it to said outlet portion; circulating means connected with the respective inlet and outlet portions for circulating heat-exchange fluid through each conduit unit independently of the other; and heat-exchange means for individually adjusting the temperature of said heat-exchange fluid being circulated through the respective conduit units.
  • said heatexchange means comprising booster means for supplying heat exchange fluid at optimum temperature to that one of said units which is subject to maximum heat exchange with its surroundings.
  • said booster means comprises an auxiliary heater for heat exchange fluid to be circulated through said one unit.
  • said booster means comprises an auxiliary cooling device for heat exchange fluid to be circulated through said one unit.
  • conduit units are of synthetic plastic material.
  • thermostats associated with one of said units and with said heat exchange means, one of said thermostats being located at said outlet portion of said one unit and the other thermostat being located exteriorly proximal to said one unit.
  • thermostats are adjustable to selected temperatures.
  • thermostat is adjustable to a selected temperature
  • hygrostat is adjustable to a selectable degree of humidity

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US00310083A 1971-12-09 1972-11-28 Heat exchange system Expired - Lifetime US3818979A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2161119A DE2161119A1 (de) 1971-12-09 1971-12-09 In einem fussboden, einer wand oder einer decke zu verlegender rohrstrang

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3818979A true US3818979A (en) 1974-06-25

Family

ID=5827521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00310083A Expired - Lifetime US3818979A (en) 1971-12-09 1972-11-28 Heat exchange system

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3818979A (de)
AT (1) AT327444B (de)
DE (1) DE2161119A1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4960967A (en) * 1988-04-26 1990-10-02 Institut De Recherches De La Siderurgie Francaise Device for protecting the poles of inductors and inductor equipped with such device
CN103604156A (zh) * 2013-10-25 2014-02-26 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 一种地板换热设备
CN103604158A (zh) * 2013-10-25 2014-02-26 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 一种温度调节设备
CN103806502A (zh) * 2014-03-13 2014-05-21 郭晓勇 低温时节冷却通水系统与生产供水系统连通运行的管网
CN104279767A (zh) * 2014-10-11 2015-01-14 南宁市第一中学 利用露天水泥球场的太阳能热水装置

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3143637A (en) * 1960-10-12 1964-08-04 Isaac Hillock Thermal control system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3143637A (en) * 1960-10-12 1964-08-04 Isaac Hillock Thermal control system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4960967A (en) * 1988-04-26 1990-10-02 Institut De Recherches De La Siderurgie Francaise Device for protecting the poles of inductors and inductor equipped with such device
CN103604156A (zh) * 2013-10-25 2014-02-26 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 一种地板换热设备
CN103604158A (zh) * 2013-10-25 2014-02-26 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 一种温度调节设备
CN103604156B (zh) * 2013-10-25 2016-03-16 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 一种地板换热设备
CN103806502A (zh) * 2014-03-13 2014-05-21 郭晓勇 低温时节冷却通水系统与生产供水系统连通运行的管网
CN103806502B (zh) * 2014-03-13 2015-01-21 郭晓勇 低温时节冷却通水系统与生产供水系统连通运行的管网
CN104279767A (zh) * 2014-10-11 2015-01-14 南宁市第一中学 利用露天水泥球场的太阳能热水装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2161119A1 (de) 1973-06-20
ATA71272A (de) 1975-04-15
AT327444B (de) 1976-01-26

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