US3822741A - Tubular heat exchanger with stress-relieving structure - Google Patents

Tubular heat exchanger with stress-relieving structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3822741A
US3822741A US00339531A US33953173A US3822741A US 3822741 A US3822741 A US 3822741A US 00339531 A US00339531 A US 00339531A US 33953173 A US33953173 A US 33953173A US 3822741 A US3822741 A US 3822741A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vessel means
tubes
end portions
intermediate portion
enlarged
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00339531A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Lippitsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Waagner Biro AG
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Waagner Biro AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of US3822741A publication Critical patent/US3822741A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • F28F2009/226—Transversal partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/051—Heat exchange having expansion and contraction relieving or absorbing means
    • Y10S165/052—Heat exchange having expansion and contraction relieving or absorbing means for cylindrical heat exchanger
    • Y10S165/06—Expandable casing for cylindrical heat exchanger
    • Y10S165/061—Expandable casing for cylindrical heat exchanger for plural cylindrical heat exchangers

Definitions

  • a tubular heat exchanger which has a structure for relieving stresses which otherwise would occur from temperature fluctuations.
  • a plurality of tubes are connected at their opposite ends to a pair of tube plates which in turn are fixed to opposed enlarged end portions of an elongated vessel which surrounds the tubes and which extends between the tube plates.
  • the enlarged end portions of the vessel are flexible and of a sufficient yieldability to absorb stresses which otherwise would occur due to elongation and contraction of the tubes.
  • the present invention relates to that type of heat exchanger where a plurality of tubes are connected to tube plates between-which there is a vessel which surrounds the tubes for directing a heatexchanging medium along the exterior of the tubes.
  • the heat exchanger includes a plurality of tubes and a pair of means which communicate with the tubes for directing a heatexchanging medium therethrough.
  • This pair of means includes a pair of tube plates which are respectively fixed to opposed ends of the tubes.
  • An outer vessel means surrounds the tubes and extends between and is fixed to the tube plates for directing a heat-exchanging medium along the exterior of the tubes.
  • This vessel means has an elongated intermediate portion which is spaced from the tube plates and a pair of opposed end tubes resulting from temperature fluctuations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional illustration of a heat exchanger according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional illustration at an enlarged scale as compared to FIG. I showing the structureof the invention at the region of the upper end of FIG. 1 and illustrating the details of the structure with the wall thickness of the components;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary schematic illustration of another embodiment of the invention.
  • the heat exchanger of the invention is composed primarily of the heat exchanger tubes 3 which communicate with a pair of means for directing a heat exchanging medium through the interiors of the tubes 3.
  • This pair of means includes a pair of tube plates 6 which are fixed to the opposed ends of the tubes 3 and which are formed with openings which receive the opposed ends of the tubes 3.
  • these tubes 6 form the ends of a pair of chambers 9 through which a heatexchanging medium is directed in the manner indicated by the arrows 10 of FIG. 1, so that in this way the pair of means 9 serve to direct one of a pair of heatexchanging mediums through the interiors of the tubes 3.
  • the pair of means 9 form a pair of collecting and distributing chambers which respectively terminate atthe tube plates 6 and which serve to direct the inner heat-exchanging medium along the interiors of the tubes 3 in the direction of the arrows 10.
  • a vessel means 1, 4 surrounds and contains the tubes 3 and extends between and is fixed to the tube plates 6 in order to direct an outer heat-exchanging medium along the exterior of the tubes 3.
  • This vessel means includes the elongated intermediate portion 4 and a pair of opposed enlarged end portions 1 which have enlarged diameters as compared to the diameter of the intermediate portion 4, these enlarged opposed end portions 1 of the vessel means being directly fixed with the tube plates 6.
  • the interior ll of the vessel means is defined by the elongated intermediate portion 4 at the opposed ends of which are situated the enlarged portions 1 of the vessel means.
  • the intermediate portion 4 itself has a pair of opposed elongated end portions 13 which respectively extend into and are surrounded by the enlarged end portions 1, these free end portions 13 being of approximately the same diameter as the remainder of the intermediate portion 4 and terminating at locations spaced from the tube plates 6 so as to define with the latter gaps 5 through which the outer heat-exchanging medium can flow.
  • the enlarged end portions 1 At their inner ends which are directed toward each other the enlarged end portions 1 have tapered portions 2 which are directly welded to the exterior surface of the intermediate portion 4.
  • gaps form interruptions between the tube plates 6 and the cylindrical part 4 of the outer pressure vessel.
  • the enlarged end portions 1 of the pressure vessel bridge across the gaps 5.
  • these enlarged end portions 1 respectively have in the regions of the tube plates 6 a flexible construction of sufficient yieldability to permit these enlarged portions 1 to respond to contraction and elongation of the tubes 3 due to temperature fluctuations so that in this way it is possible for stresses, which otherwise would occur in the components, to be absorbed by the enlarged end portions 1 when they yield in response to elongation and contraction of the tubes 3.
  • the enlarged end portions 1 are reduced at their free ends which are fixed to the tube plates 6, respectively.
  • these reduced ends of the enlarged portions 1 of the vessel means ll, 4 have the configuration of a half shell of a lenticular compensating structure.
  • these reduced portions 7 of the enlargements 1 have a substantially S-shaped cross section and form one half of convolution of a bellows.
  • the smallest diameter of this partial bellows convolution is fixed to the tube plate 6 while the largest diameter thereof is fixed to a cylindrical portion of each enlargement 1.
  • this compensating structure of lenticular configuration is capable of yielding axially and is of sufficient flexibility so that it will change its configuration and absorb stresses which otherwise would occur due to elongation or contraction of the tubes 3 in response to thermal stresses.
  • the vessel means 1, 4 is capable of automatically compensating for temperature fluctuations.
  • the inner ends of the enlarged portions I which are distant from the flexible yieldable portions 7 thereof are tapered to form the portions 2 which are directly welded to the intermediate portion 4, as is apparent from FIGS. I and 2.
  • the vessel means instead of forming the vessel means with the reduced portions 7 in the form of one half a bellows convolution which will be of sufficient flexibility and yieldability to absorb the axial stresses which otherwise would occur, several convolutions 7' of a bellows may be provided at each of the enlarged end portions 1 of the vessel means at the region of the tube plates 6.
  • the vessel means it is also possible for the vessel means to automatically compensate for elongation or contraction of the tubes 3 resulting from temperature fluctuations, the bellows structures 7 readily yielding in order to compensate automatically for elongation and contraction of the tubes 3.
  • the enlarged end portions I are respectively formed with the inlet and outlet openings 14 for the outer heat-exchanging medium, these inlet and outlet openings 14 having the same angular orientation with respect to the axis of the heatexchanger so that they are aligned with each other as is apparent from FIG. 1.
  • the enlarged opposed end portions 1 of the vessel means also form the chambers through which the outer heat-exchanging medium is introduced into and discharged from the vessel means 1, 4.
  • the intermediate portion 4 of the vessel means carries in its interior a plurality of baffles 12 which extend transversely across the tubes 3 to provide a uniform distribution of the outer-exchanging medium which flows along the exterior of the tubes 3.
  • FIG. 2 the components of FIG. 1 are partially illustrated at an enlarged scale with the reference characters of FIG. 2 also being used in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 showing the wall thickness of the components.
  • the intermediate portion 4 of the vessel means has the elongated free end portions 13 which extend into the interior of the enlarged end portions 1. These portions 13 may have a lesser thickness than the remainder of the intermediate portion 4.
  • the gaps S will have a minimum axial dimension at the region of the inlet and outlets 14 and a gradually increasing axial dimension in a direction away from the inlet and outlet openings 14 so as to improve the distribution of the outer heatexchanging medium.
  • a heat exchanger a plurality of tubes, a pair of means communicating with said tubes for directing a heat-exchanging medium therethrough, said pair of means respectively including a pair of tube plates respectively fixed to the ends of said tubes, and vessel means surrounding and containing said tubes for directing a heat-exchanging medium along the exterior of said tubes, said vessel means having an elongated intermediate portion situated between and spaced from said tube plates and a pair of opposed end portions which are enlarged as compared to said intermediate portion and which extend from said intermediate portion up to said tube plates, said enlarged opposed end portions of said vessel means respectively having outer ends fixed to said tube plates and inner ends fixed to and surrounding said intermediate portion of said vessel means at the exterior of said intermediate portion, said intermediate portion of said vessel means having a constant diameter and a pair of opposed elongated free end portions which respectively extend into said enlarged opposed end portions of said vessel means beyond the inner ends of the latter toward but terminating short of said tube plates, said enlarged opposed end portions of said vessel means being formed respectively with an inlet and outlet for the heat
  • each of said enlarged end portions of said vessel means has nextto the tube plate to which it is fixed a substantially S- shaped cross section and forming one half of a bellows convolution.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US00339531A 1972-03-13 1973-03-09 Tubular heat exchanger with stress-relieving structure Expired - Lifetime US3822741A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT207572A AT316605B (de) 1972-03-13 1972-03-13 Rohrbündelwärmetauscher

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3822741A true US3822741A (en) 1974-07-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00339531A Expired - Lifetime US3822741A (en) 1972-03-13 1973-03-09 Tubular heat exchanger with stress-relieving structure

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3822741A (de)
AT (1) AT316605B (de)
CH (1) CH544277A (de)
DE (1) DE2309775C2 (de)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4070825A (en) * 1974-11-26 1978-01-31 United Turbine Ab & Co. Gas turbine power plant
US4191244A (en) * 1978-02-09 1980-03-04 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Modular heat exchanger with resilient mounting and sealing element
US4300625A (en) * 1975-01-21 1981-11-17 Mikhailov Gerold M Preventing deposition on the inner surfaces of heat exchange apparatus
DE3830800C1 (en) * 1988-09-09 1990-04-19 Proizvodstvennoe Ob"Edinenie "Nevskij Zavod" Imeni V.I. Lenina, Leningrad, Su Heat exchanger
US5203405A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-04-20 Phillips Petroleum Company Two pass shell and tube heat exchanger with return annular distributor
US6269870B1 (en) 1998-04-24 2001-08-07 Behr Gmbh & Co. Exhaust heat exchanger
US20030196781A1 (en) * 2002-04-23 2003-10-23 Wanni Amar S. Heat exchanger with floating head
US6779596B2 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-08-24 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Heat exchanger with reduced fouling
US20060102321A1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2006-05-18 Shuko Shincho Heat exchanger
US20080202739A1 (en) * 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Barfknecht Robert J 2-Pass heat exchanger including internal bellows assemblies
US20080245507A1 (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-09 Keith Agee Heat Exchanger with Telescoping Expansion Joint
US20090084532A1 (en) * 2007-10-02 2009-04-02 Keith Agee Heat exchanger with divided coolant chamber
US20110120686A1 (en) * 2008-04-30 2011-05-26 Zoch Dawn M Dual-directional cooler
US20110155357A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Heat exchanger
US20150027666A1 (en) * 2013-07-25 2015-01-29 Yutaka Giken Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger and heat exchange device
US20150129182A1 (en) * 2012-05-01 2015-05-14 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Heat exchanger comprising a supply channel
US9067289B2 (en) 2007-04-05 2015-06-30 Honeywell International Inc. Heat exchanger with telescoping expansion joint
US20160305713A1 (en) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-20 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Heat exchange device
US20160334175A1 (en) * 2014-02-03 2016-11-17 Duerr Cyplan Ltd. Flow devices and methods for guiding fluid flow
US20190162489A1 (en) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-30 Hanon Systems Heat exchanger for an internal combustion engine
RU2805754C1 (ru) * 2023-03-30 2023-10-23 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Завод "Газпроммаш" Аппарат очистки и подогрева газа

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3637796A1 (de) * 1986-11-06 1988-05-11 Bavaria Anlagenbau Gmbh Kreuzstrom-plattenwaermetauscher

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1891607A (en) * 1929-08-13 1932-12-20 Clement A Rainey Condensing apparatus
US2653799A (en) * 1949-11-12 1953-09-29 Young Radiator Co Heat exchanger
US3628507A (en) * 1968-12-14 1971-12-21 Progettazioni Meccaniche Nucle Liquid metal heated steam generators and superheaters

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1891607A (en) * 1929-08-13 1932-12-20 Clement A Rainey Condensing apparatus
US2653799A (en) * 1949-11-12 1953-09-29 Young Radiator Co Heat exchanger
US3628507A (en) * 1968-12-14 1971-12-21 Progettazioni Meccaniche Nucle Liquid metal heated steam generators and superheaters

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4070825A (en) * 1974-11-26 1978-01-31 United Turbine Ab & Co. Gas turbine power plant
US4300625A (en) * 1975-01-21 1981-11-17 Mikhailov Gerold M Preventing deposition on the inner surfaces of heat exchange apparatus
US4191244A (en) * 1978-02-09 1980-03-04 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Modular heat exchanger with resilient mounting and sealing element
DE3830800C1 (en) * 1988-09-09 1990-04-19 Proizvodstvennoe Ob"Edinenie "Nevskij Zavod" Imeni V.I. Lenina, Leningrad, Su Heat exchanger
US5203405A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-04-20 Phillips Petroleum Company Two pass shell and tube heat exchanger with return annular distributor
US6269870B1 (en) 1998-04-24 2001-08-07 Behr Gmbh & Co. Exhaust heat exchanger
US6779596B2 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-08-24 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Heat exchanger with reduced fouling
EP1347261A3 (de) * 2002-03-22 2007-04-25 ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company Verbesserter Wärmetauscher mit verringerter Verschmutzung
US6736199B2 (en) * 2002-04-23 2004-05-18 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Heat exchanger with floating head
EP1357344A3 (de) * 2002-04-23 2007-04-25 ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company Wärmetauscher mit schwimmendem Endkasten
US20030196781A1 (en) * 2002-04-23 2003-10-23 Wanni Amar S. Heat exchanger with floating head
US20060102321A1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2006-05-18 Shuko Shincho Heat exchanger
US7267160B2 (en) * 2002-07-25 2007-09-11 T.Rad Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger
US20080202739A1 (en) * 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Barfknecht Robert J 2-Pass heat exchanger including internal bellows assemblies
US8794299B2 (en) 2007-02-27 2014-08-05 Modine Manufacturing Company 2-Pass heat exchanger including thermal expansion joints
US20110192570A1 (en) * 2007-04-05 2011-08-11 Honeywell International Inc. Heat exchanger with telescoping expansion joint
US20080245507A1 (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-09 Keith Agee Heat Exchanger with Telescoping Expansion Joint
US9067289B2 (en) 2007-04-05 2015-06-30 Honeywell International Inc. Heat exchanger with telescoping expansion joint
US8393382B2 (en) 2007-04-05 2013-03-12 Honeywell International, Inc. Heat exchanger with telescoping expansion joint
US7774937B2 (en) * 2007-10-02 2010-08-17 Honeywell International Inc. Heat exchanger with divided coolant chamber
US20090084532A1 (en) * 2007-10-02 2009-04-02 Keith Agee Heat exchanger with divided coolant chamber
US20110120686A1 (en) * 2008-04-30 2011-05-26 Zoch Dawn M Dual-directional cooler
US9541332B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2017-01-10 Ingersoll-Rand Company Dual-directional cooler
US9482475B2 (en) 2009-11-27 2016-11-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Heat exchanger
EP2327948A3 (de) * 2009-11-27 2013-12-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Wärmetauscher
US20110155357A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Heat exchanger
US20150129182A1 (en) * 2012-05-01 2015-05-14 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Heat exchanger comprising a supply channel
US20150027666A1 (en) * 2013-07-25 2015-01-29 Yutaka Giken Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger and heat exchange device
US20160334175A1 (en) * 2014-02-03 2016-11-17 Duerr Cyplan Ltd. Flow devices and methods for guiding fluid flow
US10386130B2 (en) * 2014-02-03 2019-08-20 Duerr Cyplan Ltd. Flow devices and methods for guiding fluid flow
US20160305713A1 (en) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-20 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Heat exchange device
US10495385B2 (en) * 2015-04-20 2019-12-03 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Heat exchange device
US20190162489A1 (en) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-30 Hanon Systems Heat exchanger for an internal combustion engine
RU2805754C1 (ru) * 2023-03-30 2023-10-23 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Завод "Газпроммаш" Аппарат очистки и подогрева газа

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2309775C2 (de) 1982-05-13
DE2309775A1 (de) 1973-09-20
CH544277A (de) 1973-11-15
AT316605B (de) 1974-07-25

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