US3827643A - Wood comminuting apparatus - Google Patents

Wood comminuting apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3827643A
US3827643A US00329997A US32999773A US3827643A US 3827643 A US3827643 A US 3827643A US 00329997 A US00329997 A US 00329997A US 32999773 A US32999773 A US 32999773A US 3827643 A US3827643 A US 3827643A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
blade
clamping
bracket
retaining plate
bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00329997A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Grube
K Rutz
B Jung
J Schrage
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik B Maier KG
MASCHF MAIER B KG
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik B Maier KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik B Maier KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik B Maier KG
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Publication of US3827643A publication Critical patent/US3827643A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/005—Tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like

Definitions

  • a wood comminuting apparatus has a fixed drum cage Feb. 15, Germany on the periphery of are mounted a of axially extending blade bars. Each blade bar has a sur- UQS. Cl. face upon is upported a blade and a blade re- [5 Cltaining plate A clamping lever is mounted on a [58] Field of Search 241/22, bracket which is fixed to the blade bar. The clamping 241/2921 189 R, 192; 144/172; lever acts upon the blade retaining plate to press the 145/16, 17 plate and blade against a supporting surface of the bar and to position the cutting edge of the blade to expose References Cited a predetermined portion of the cutting edge.
  • the present invention relates to apparatus for comminuting wood pieces, more particularly, to the mounting of the blades on the periphery of a fixed drum cage of the apparatus.
  • One form of a wood comminuting apparatus which cuts pieces of wood into chips includes a fixed drumtype blade cage with a number of blade bars being arranged on the periphery of the cage.
  • Each blade bar has a blade supporting surface upon which blade sets are mounted.
  • Each blade set consists of a blade retaining plate and a blade which is replaceable and is mounted on the blade bar so as to be axially extending with respect to the cage. The blade is always positioned at an acute angle with respect to a radial plane of the cage passing through the blade bar.
  • Such an apparatus functions as a rotary comminuter by providing an impeller or blade wheel which has a cylindrical or conical outer surface and which rotates in the comminutionchamber defined by the blade cage.
  • the material which is to be reduced to chips is conveyed to the narrow space between the blade wheel and inner surface of the cage wherein the material is acted upon by the blades.
  • Such blade sets have been mounted on the blade cage by means of bolts attached to the blade bars.
  • the blades together with their respective retaining plates are connected into blade sets by suitable fastening means such as bolts and the like.
  • suitable fastening means such as bolts and the like.
  • These comminuting machines are generally arranged in production lines so that a stoppage of a machine for replacing dull blades represents a highly undesirable and costly interruption of production. Since the blades may have to be replaced several times during' a working day it is extremely important that worn blades be replaced as quickly as possible. Not only must the blades be quickly replaced but the projections of the cutting edges of the blades must be properly set with respect to the blade cage in order to obtain the desired thickness of the comminuted wood chips. Structure is generally provided exteriorly of the cage to adjust the position of the blades with respect to the blade retaining plates.
  • the present invention may comprise a plurality of axially extending blade bars on the periphery of a fixed drum-type cage.
  • Each blade bar is provided with a surface to support a blade set comprising a blade and a blade retaining plate at an acute angle to the radial plane of the cage passing through the blade bar.
  • Means are mounted on the blade bar for clamping the blade set firmly against the blade supporting surface.
  • the clamping means may further comprise a bracket afiixed to the blade bar and a clamping lever pivotally mounted on the bracket and having a clamping head engageable with the blade set to press the blade set onto the blade supporting surface.
  • a toggle lever including an operating handle is pivotally connected to the clamping lever and to the bracket. The blade set is clamped in position against an abutment on the bracket so as to set the cutting edge of the blade at a predetermined exposure within the cage.
  • the clamping means may also comprise an arm affixed to the blade bar and extending over the blade set with there being opposed grooves in the arm and the blade retaining plate. A wedge is inserted into the opposed grooves to retain the blade set in position.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view through a portion of a cage and a blade bar and showing in elevation clamping means mounted on the bar according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a portion of the view of FIG. 1 but showing the clamping means in the clamped position;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 but showing a modification of the clamping device
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the modification of FIG. 3 viewed in the direction of the arrow III;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 but on a smaller scale of a further modification of the clamping device.
  • wear-resistant cover plates 6 are attached to a portion of the blade bar 7 that forms the drum-type blade cage.
  • Cover plate 6 encloses a cylindrical or conical comminution chamber 8 in which there is rotatably mounted a rotor 9 having splitting blades 10 thereon and rotating in the direction of the arrow. It can be appreciated that only a portion of the rotor is illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • Each blade bar 7 is provided with an inclined blade supporting surface 17 upon which a blade set consisting of a blade retaining plate 11 and blade 12 fastened together by bolts 13 are pressed firmly against the surface by a clamping lever 14.
  • the clamping lever 14 has a clamping head 15 which is mounted on threads so as to be adjustable and engages an inclined surface 16 on the blade retaining plate 11.
  • the clamping lever 14 is pivotally mounted at 19 to a bracket 18 which is fastened to the blade bar.
  • the clamping lever is pivoted around its fulcrum 19 by a toggle lever mechanism consisting of an operating lever 20 having one end pivotally mounted on the clamping lever 14 and a guide rod 21 which is pivotally connected to both the bracket 18 and the operating lever 20.
  • the clamping lever is shown in FIG. 1 in its open position.
  • the components of the clamping device are shown in their respective positions in FIG. 2 when the clamping device is in the clamped position.
  • Guides 23 are provided on both sides of the inclined surface 16 to provide form-locked holding in the axial direction.
  • the guides 23 may also be positioned on the clamping head 15 of the clamping lever 14.
  • a so-called splitting cutter blade 24 is also attached to the blade bar 7 and its distance from the blade 12 will determine the thickness of the chips produced during the comminution process.
  • a cage provided with clamping devices as disclosed herein permits a simple and rapid replacement of the blade.
  • the blade sets to be newly placed in position are previously prepared and adjusted so that they need only be inserted laterally, namely, in the axial direction. A precise axial adjustment is not required.
  • the precise distance that a blade cutting edge projects into the comminution chamber is determined by positioning the assembled blade set against the abutment 22 on the bracket 18 as described above. A force component produced by the clamping head acting on the inclined surface 16 will continuously urge the blade set against the abutment 22. In this manner, the position of the blade set transversely with respect to its longitudinal dimension is clearly determined in the plane of the blade supporting surface 17.
  • the bracket 18 is provided with an arm 25 which extends closely over the retaining plate 20'.
  • the arm 25 and plate 11' are provided with opposed grooves into which is positioned a key or rod 26 to position the blade set 11, 12', transversely with respect to the supporting surface 17.
  • a toggle lever mechanism 14', 20' and 21, which functions similar to that described in FIG. 1 is provided with an adjustable clamping head l5 which functions merely to press the blade set ll, 12' against supporting surface 17 of the blade bar.
  • the groove and key 26 extends axially a sufficient distance so as to project beyond that of the clamping devices which are spaced from each other.
  • the blades 12 are constructed somewhat longer than the effective cutter length I which may be determined by the width of the apparatus.
  • the end flange of the blade cage is indicated at 27.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 has the advantage of avoiding inaccurate positioning of the blade set which may be caused by chips becoming lodged in front of the abutment 22 of FIG. 1 during the replacement of a blade.
  • the groove and key interlinking connection as disclosed in FIGS. 3 and 4 is thus independent of any abutting surfaces on the bracket and at the same time provides a locking perpendicular to the blade edge in the plane of the blade supporting surface.
  • the keys 26 may already be positioned into the grooves if the blade sets during the preparation of each blade set outside of the cage. Any chips which may become lodged in the short grooves of the arm 25 will be pushed out during the axial insertion of the blade sets.
  • the key 26 thus properly aligns and positions the blade set with respect to the cage and when the clamping lever is moved to its clamped position as shown in FIG. 3 its clamping head 15' exerts a force against the retaining plate 11' directly against the supporting surface
  • shorter grooves extending beyond each particular clamping device and comprising correspondingly short keys may also be disposed on the clamping devices.
  • FIG. 5 there is disclosed a modification wherein the toggle lever mechanism is eliminated and there is provided a bracket 18' which is fixed to the blade bar 7 and has an arm 25' extending over the blade set. Opposed grooves are formed in the arm 25 and retaining plate 11 and a wedge 28 is inserted in the opposed grooves. The wedge 28 will exert forces to press the blade set 11, 12 against the blade bar 7 and to also lock the blade set on the supporting surface transversely to its axial dimension.
  • the invention is not limited to mechanical clamping devices but can also be employed in hydraulically or pneumatically operated clamping devices. Further, the clamping arrangement is not to be limited to wood comminution apparatus but can be effectively utilized in a wide variety of machines wherein it is desired to quickly and accurately position cutting blades or other components.
  • the present invention has provided a simple but effective clamping structure for the blades of wood comminution apparatus which permits the blades to be quickly replaced and accurately positioned with a minimum of effort.
  • Each blade may be accurately positioned with respect to its blade retaining plate before assembly on the cage and the assembled retaining plate and blade can be quickly mounted on the blade bar.
  • the mounting of the blade set so that its position is determined either by an abutment or key arrangement will precisely position the cutting edge of the blade.
  • a blade bar on the periphery of a fixed drum cage, a blade set comprising a blade and a blade retaining plate, said blade bar having a surface to support said blade set at an acute angle to the radial plane thereon, and means mounted on said blade bar for clamping said blade set firmly against said blade supporting surface.
  • said clamping means comprises a bracket attached to said blade bar, a clamping lever pivotally mounted on said bracket and engageable with said blade set to press said blade set onto said blade supporting surface, and toggle lever operating means pivotally connected to said clamping lever and said bracket.
  • said blade positioning means comprises a portion of said bracket extending over said blade set, there being opposed grooves in said bracket portion and said blade retaining plate, and means for interlinking said opposed grooves;
  • said clamping means comprises an arm attached to said blade bar and extending over said blade set, there being opposed grooves in said arm and said blade retaining plate, and a wedge inserted into said opposed grooves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Wood Veneers (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)
US00329997A 1972-02-05 1973-02-05 Wood comminuting apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3827643A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2205489A DE2205489A1 (de) 1972-02-05 1972-02-05 Vorrichtung zum zerspanen von holz

Publications (1)

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US3827643A true US3827643A (en) 1974-08-06

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ID=5835131

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00329997A Expired - Lifetime US3827643A (en) 1972-02-05 1973-02-05 Wood comminuting apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3827643A (it)
DE (1) DE2205489A1 (it)
ES (1) ES411259A1 (it)
IT (1) IT980948B (it)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3904138A (en) * 1973-04-13 1975-09-09 Maier Kg Maschf B Holding device for knife sets in a shredding device
US3904139A (en) * 1973-04-13 1975-09-09 Maier Kg Maschf B Drum-shaped knife cage with replaceable knife sets
US4218024A (en) * 1977-12-09 1980-08-19 Pallmann Kg Maschinenfabrik Adjusting device for the cutting blades of a cutting tool
US4621775A (en) * 1980-10-16 1986-11-11 Jan Abom High-speed mill for grinding biomass and like material

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1048455A (en) * 1912-07-11 1912-12-24 Stanley Rule & Level Co Plane.
US2381775A (en) * 1942-01-07 1945-08-07 Fred M Roddy Granulating and cutting machine
US2570980A (en) * 1948-06-30 1951-10-09 Allan Frederick Powell Hand plane having adjustable mouth
US3141485A (en) * 1962-12-04 1964-07-21 Cardwell Machine Company Tobacco shredder
US3291174A (en) * 1963-04-02 1966-12-13 Amf Internat Ltd Leaf tobacco cutting machine
US3355113A (en) * 1964-10-26 1967-11-28 J M J Ind Inc Striking plate for disintegrating mill

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1048455A (en) * 1912-07-11 1912-12-24 Stanley Rule & Level Co Plane.
US2381775A (en) * 1942-01-07 1945-08-07 Fred M Roddy Granulating and cutting machine
US2570980A (en) * 1948-06-30 1951-10-09 Allan Frederick Powell Hand plane having adjustable mouth
US3141485A (en) * 1962-12-04 1964-07-21 Cardwell Machine Company Tobacco shredder
US3291174A (en) * 1963-04-02 1966-12-13 Amf Internat Ltd Leaf tobacco cutting machine
US3355113A (en) * 1964-10-26 1967-11-28 J M J Ind Inc Striking plate for disintegrating mill

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3904138A (en) * 1973-04-13 1975-09-09 Maier Kg Maschf B Holding device for knife sets in a shredding device
US3904139A (en) * 1973-04-13 1975-09-09 Maier Kg Maschf B Drum-shaped knife cage with replaceable knife sets
US4218024A (en) * 1977-12-09 1980-08-19 Pallmann Kg Maschinenfabrik Adjusting device for the cutting blades of a cutting tool
US4621775A (en) * 1980-10-16 1986-11-11 Jan Abom High-speed mill for grinding biomass and like material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2205489A1 (de) 1973-08-16
IT980948B (it) 1974-10-10
ES411259A1 (es) 1975-12-01

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