US3841327A - Anesthesia ventilator apparatus - Google Patents

Anesthesia ventilator apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3841327A
US3841327A US00376075A US37607573A US3841327A US 3841327 A US3841327 A US 3841327A US 00376075 A US00376075 A US 00376075A US 37607573 A US37607573 A US 37607573A US 3841327 A US3841327 A US 3841327A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bellows
chamber
patient
flexible diaphragm
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00376075A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Hay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airco Inc
Original Assignee
Airco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airco Inc filed Critical Airco Inc
Priority to US00376075A priority Critical patent/US3841327A/en
Priority to IT23859/74A priority patent/IT1014963B/it
Priority to JP6758074A priority patent/JPS5438438B2/ja
Priority to DE2429541A priority patent/DE2429541C3/de
Priority to SE7408336A priority patent/SE7408336L/xx
Priority to GB2835574A priority patent/GB1431739A/en
Priority to DK353874A priority patent/DK353874A/da
Priority to FR7422902A priority patent/FR2235706B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3841327A publication Critical patent/US3841327A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0081—Bag or bellow in a bottle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/104—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours specially adapted for anaesthetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0075—Bellows-type

Definitions

  • the highly flexible diaphragm is [56] References Cited mounted in an enclosed chamber located exterior of the bellows chamber, preferably above the chamber, 3 046 979 STATES PATENTS and which has only its under surface in communica- Andreasen 128/1458 Primary ExaminerRichard A. Gaudet Assistant Examiner-Henry J. Recla Attorney, Agent, or FirmRoger M. Rathbun; E. W. Bopp; H. H.
  • ABSTRACT An improvement is disclosed for anesthesia ventilating tion with the patient circuit, thus precluding moisture from accumulating on the upper surface of the flexible diaphragm, thereby assuring indefinite service without response changes due to the accumulation of such moisture on the flexible diaphragm.
  • This invention relates generally to anesthesia apparatus, and more specifically relates to the anesthesia ventilating apparatus which are in common use for providing adequate ventilating for a patient during surgery.
  • the anesthesia ventilating apparatus to which the present invention has application includes devices which have found wide application in hospital operating rooms and similar environments. These ventilators are designed to replace or augment the function of a breathing bag. In particular, the said ventilators are designed to either supplement the respiratory effort of a patient who is breathing spontaneously, or in an alternate mode of functioning, take over the entire effort of respiration for a patient.
  • Devices of the type cited above commonly utilize a bellows as part of the breathing circuit for the apparatus, which bellows is commonly mounted in vertical orientation within a surrounding chamber. Its displacement in an upward (contraction) and downward (expansion) direction serves to control the flow and quantity of gases in the breathing circuit to the patient.
  • the displacement of the bellows in a downward direction is commonly effected by gravity acting upon a weight mounted within the lower part of the bellows body, and its upward displacement is enabled by pneumatic powering means which pressurizes the surrounding chamber in which the bellows is mounted.
  • the chamber pressure so raised, causes contraction of the bellows, thereby forcing gas from the bellows to the patient circuit. Again, the degree of such powering pneumatic pressure may be controlled for a specific patients requirements.
  • the pneumatic powering pressure for the chamber within which the bellows is mounted may be provided on a predetermined cyclically timed basis, or the application of the powering pressure may be triggered by inspiratory effort on the part of the patient, i.e., the patient draws a slight negative pressure in an attempt to inhale.
  • a very light gauge flexible rubber diaphragm This flexible diaphragm is commonly referred to as a pucker plate.
  • the said diaphragm located interior of the bellows, responds to a sufficient inhalation effort on the part of the patient by flexing, whereby a negative pressure is drawn on the opposite side of the pucker plate from the patient, that is, outside the bellows but within the bellows chamber.
  • the negative signal may be transmitted to a sensing device which is fluidly isolated from the patients circuit and thus cannot become contaminated by pathogens or the like within the patient circuit.
  • the sensing device responds to the slight negative pressure communicated to the chamber to activate a suitable control valve in a pneumatic powering system to initiate a cycle of operation for the ventilator by pressurizing the bellows chamber, thus contracting the bellows itself.
  • the aforementioned problem with moisture accumulation on the pucker plate has been overcome in an anesthesia ventilating apparatus by repositioning the highly flexible diaphragm constituting the pucker plate in an upper chamber overlying and exterior of the bellows chamber of the apparatus.
  • the diaphragm is mounted within this upper chamber to fluidly separate first and second gas spaces therein on opposite sides of the diaphragm.
  • the first gas space is formed underneath the flexible diaphragm and communicates with the patient circuit.
  • the second gas space is formed above the flexible diaphragm and communicates with the space within the bellows chamber external of the bellows and thus to the pneumatic powering system.
  • the diaphragm is so mounted within the said upper chamber that the first gas space communicating with the patient circuit. lies beneath the diaphragm, which is preferaly oriented in a generally horizontal direction, whereby any moisture in the patient circuit which may contact and condense on the diaphragm forms only on the underside thereof and drains off harrnlessly.
  • the construction utilized is such that the pucker plate chamber may be readily opened, in order to gain access to the interior thereof, for inspecting or servicing the diaphragm and other components.
  • FIG. 1 is-an elevational view of the ventilating apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the ventilating apparatus depicted in FIG. 1, taken along the line 2-2 thereof.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 herein there is shown a ventilating apparatus 10 constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • a conventional pneumatic powering system may be used which responds to inspiratory effort on the part of a patient by instituting a cycle of operation of the ventilator.
  • Such control systems are well known and include valving means to sense a predetermined negative pressure in the bellows chamber extern'al of the bellows, whereupon a main valve is actuated to pressurize the bellows container, as will be described.
  • Such apparatus and control means are presently marketed commercially. Accordingly, these various conventional portions of the overall ventilator are not illustrated herein, but their function will become clear in the course of the ensuing description.
  • the ventilator apparatus 10 includes a frame 12, including a frame cross plate 14, and two or more vertical frame members 16 which engage at their bottom ends with a support base 18 (shown only in part).
  • Frame 12 and support base 18 provide support for a bellows chamber 22 which is preferably formed out of clear cylindrical plastic or the like and may be enclosed within a cage 20, which is best seen in FIG. 2.
  • the lower periphery of cylinder 22 is sealed against the support base 18 by means of a sealing ring 24 so that the gas volume within the cylinder 22 may not leak from the ends thereof.
  • a control head 26 encloses the upper end of cylinder 22, with the walls of the head 26 being sealed with the periphery of the upper end of cylinder 22 by means of sealing ring 28.
  • a depending flange 30 flares outwardly from head 26 within cylinder 22, and a bellows 32 is secured at its open upper end to the flange 30.
  • the open upper periphery of the flexible bellows is sealed in gas-tight contact to the head flange 30.
  • Bellows 32 is made of rubber or other flexible material, and is contractable and expandable in a vertical direction.
  • the bellows 32 carries at its lowermost convolution a weight of metal or the like, which functions to return the bellows to its lowermost, expanded position, upon completion of the inspiratory portion of the breathing cycle.
  • a weight of metal or the like which functions to return the bellows to its lowermost, expanded position, upon completion of the inspiratory portion of the breathing cycle.
  • the interior of the cylinder 22 is vented to atmospheric pressure through an exhaust valve in the pneumatic powering system.
  • a chain 42 is secured to the bottom of the bellows 32, such as at 44, and thence is led upwardly through opening 46 in head 26 to cylinder 48, which is engaged by pin 50 to rotatable shaft 52.
  • the shaft 52 is joumaled in head 26 and may be rotated by the control knob 54, secured to the external portion of shaft 52. Depending on patient requirements, shaft 52 is rotated to wind chain 42 about the cylinder 48 to thereby establish an adjustable limit to set the lowermost travel of bellows 32.
  • the control knob 54 is held by friction through O-ring 56 against flange 58 on head 26 by means of spring 60.
  • a scale 62 is mounted externally of the apparatus, in order to provide an indication of the resultant tidal volume to the operator of the apparatus.
  • control head 26 is provided with an upstanding circular shoulder 64 forming at its top a rim 66.
  • a thin flexible rubber diaphragm 68 is secured across rim 66 and then turned downwardly and sealed about the rim 66 so as to form a first gas space or chamber 70 beneath the diaphragm 68.
  • a perforated plate 72 encloses the first gas space 70 by extending across head 26 beneath the flexible diaphragm 68.
  • the plate 72 has its outer periphery bearing against the internal surface of head 26 as shown, and is secured by a retaining ring 73.
  • a second gas space or chamber 74 is formed above the diaphragm 68, enclosed within a cover 76 which is fitted over and sealed to the head 26 via sealing ring 78.
  • the cover 76 is held in place by a retaining screw 82, which is threaded through an opening in cross plate 14, and has a lower end 84 which bears against a receiving opening in the said cover 76.
  • the cover 76 serves together with portions of head 26 to define a pucker plate chamber 86, which chamber is divided by the flexible diaphragm 68 into a first gas space 70, and a second gas space 74. It is further seen that the second gas space 74 above the diaphragm 68 communicates via passages 88, shown in shadow, with the gas volume within cylinder 22 exterior of the bellows 32. Accordingly, it will be evident that the second gas space 74 and the gas volume within cylinder 22 exterior of bellows 32 are isolated completely from possible contamination from the patient circuit. This isolated space may then communicate with conventional pressure sensitive control means which also will remain free from contamination.
  • the first gas space 70 is seen to be in communication, through the head 26, with the conduit 36 by means of passageways 34 and 31.
  • Conduit 36 is, in use, coupled to the patient breathing circuit. It will thus be evident that a negative pressure such as is induced by a patients inspiratory effort, will be directly communicated to the first gas space 70 beneath flexible diaphragm 68.
  • the diaphragm 68 is caused to flex downwardly, thus transmitting the negative pressure signal to the second gas space 74 above the flexible diaphragm 68, through passages 88, to the interior of cylinder 22 and thus to a pressure sensitive control means which is then triggered to pressurize the interior of cylinder 22 to collapse bellows 32 upwardly and expel the fluid contained therein to the patient through conduit 36.
  • the pressure is also transmitted to the second gas space 74 via'passages 88.
  • the increased pressure is then transmitted through a duct 92 to inflatable exhaust valve 38 to close the exhaust valve 38.
  • the pneumatic controller conventionally senses the increased pressure and shifts the ventilator to exhalation phase where the bellows 32 drops freely.
  • the reduced pressure in the bellows cylinder 22 allows exhaust valve 38 to open and vent the breathing circuit to atmospheric pressure.
  • anesthesia ventilating apparatus of the type including a patient breathing circuit; a bellows in said breathing circuit adapted to expand and contract to cycle gas to the patient circuit, a bellows chamber surrounding said bellows; a pneumatic powering system for cyclically pressurizing said chamber to cause the expansion and contraction of said bellows; and a highly flexible diaphragm mounted intermediate the said patient circuit and said pneumatic powering system and adapted to be displaced by a negative pressure signal from said patient circuit to effect a negative pressure signal to said pneumatic powering system for triggering cycling of said pneumatic system; the improvement comprising a diaphragm chamber containing said flexible diaphragm, said diaphragm separating said chamber into first and second separate gas spaces, said first gas space being located above said flexible diaphragm and communicating with said pneumatic powering system, and said second chamber being located below said flexible diaphragm and communicating with said patient circuit whereby moisture within said patient circuit collects on the bottom of said flexible diaphragm and drains downwardly therefrom
  • Anesthesia ventilator for delivering gas to a patient comprising:
  • a collapsible bellows suspended within said chamber for delivering fluid to said patient circuit and having its upper open end sealed to said head;
  • a flexible diaphragm mounted on top of said head, having its bottom surface in communication with said patient circuit, and its top surface in communication with said bellows chamber, said flexible diaphragm adapted to flex upon sensing a negative pressure in the patient circuit to transmit the negative pressure to said bellows chamber;
  • a pneumatic powering system communicating with said bellows chamber and adapted to respond to a negative pressure in said bellows chamber to pressurize said bellows chamber and thereby force said bellows to collapse whereby gas within said bellows is forced into the patient circuit;
  • valve means venting the patient circuit, said valve means adapted to sense the increased pressure in said bellows chamber to close said valve means.
  • anesthesia ventilating apparatus of the type including a patient breathing circuit; a bellows in said breathing circuit adapted to expand and contract to cycle gas to the patient circuit; a bellows chamber surrounding said bellows; a pneumatic powering system communicating with said bellows chamber for cyclically pressurizing said chamber to cause the expansion and contraction of said bellows; the improvement comprising: a diaphragm chamber, a flexible diaphragm separating said chamber into an upper gas space and a lower gas space, the upper gas space communicating with the pneumatic powering system and the lower gas space communicating with the patient breathing circuit wherein moisture from said patient circuit collects on the lowermost side of said flexible diaphragm, said diaphragm being responsive to a negative pressure signal in said patient circuit to transmit said signal to said pneumatic powering system.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
US00376075A 1973-07-02 1973-07-02 Anesthesia ventilator apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3841327A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00376075A US3841327A (en) 1973-07-02 1973-07-02 Anesthesia ventilator apparatus
IT23859/74A IT1014963B (it) 1973-07-02 1974-06-11 Apparecchio ventilatore per ane stesia
JP6758074A JPS5438438B2 (it) 1973-07-02 1974-06-12
DE2429541A DE2429541C3 (de) 1973-07-02 1974-06-20 Anästhesie-Beatmungsvorrichtung mit einer auf spontane Atemversuche ansprechenden Steuermembran
SE7408336A SE7408336L (it) 1973-07-02 1974-06-25
GB2835574A GB1431739A (en) 1973-07-02 1974-06-26 Anesthesia ventilating apparatus
DK353874A DK353874A (it) 1973-07-02 1974-07-01
FR7422902A FR2235706B1 (it) 1973-07-02 1974-07-01

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00376075A US3841327A (en) 1973-07-02 1973-07-02 Anesthesia ventilator apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3841327A true US3841327A (en) 1974-10-15

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ID=23483608

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00376075A Expired - Lifetime US3841327A (en) 1973-07-02 1973-07-02 Anesthesia ventilator apparatus

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3841327A (it)
JP (1) JPS5438438B2 (it)
DE (1) DE2429541C3 (it)
DK (1) DK353874A (it)
FR (1) FR2235706B1 (it)
GB (1) GB1431739A (it)
IT (1) IT1014963B (it)
SE (1) SE7408336L (it)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4603691A (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-08-05 Tibor Rusz Pulmonary ventilator-bellows-assembly kit
US4883051A (en) * 1988-02-18 1989-11-28 Summa Vest, Inc. Disposable breathing system and components
US5222491A (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-06-29 Thomas Samuel D Temporary patient ventilator
US5507280A (en) * 1992-10-14 1996-04-16 Henkin; Melvyn L. Anesthesia rebreathing system
US20210016034A1 (en) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 Steve Islava Apparatus for Adjusting the Tidal Volume Delivered by a Resuscitation Bag and Methods for Using the Same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE2300T1 (de) * 1978-08-24 1983-02-15 Graham Cameron Grant Beatmungsgeraet.

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046979A (en) * 1958-12-05 1962-07-31 Air Shields Lung ventilators and control mechanism therefor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046979A (en) * 1958-12-05 1962-07-31 Air Shields Lung ventilators and control mechanism therefor

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4603691A (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-08-05 Tibor Rusz Pulmonary ventilator-bellows-assembly kit
US4883051A (en) * 1988-02-18 1989-11-28 Summa Vest, Inc. Disposable breathing system and components
US5222491A (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-06-29 Thomas Samuel D Temporary patient ventilator
US5507280A (en) * 1992-10-14 1996-04-16 Henkin; Melvyn L. Anesthesia rebreathing system
US20210016034A1 (en) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 Steve Islava Apparatus for Adjusting the Tidal Volume Delivered by a Resuscitation Bag and Methods for Using the Same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2429541B2 (de) 1978-09-21
GB1431739A (en) 1976-04-14
JPS5438438B2 (it) 1979-11-21
JPS5037292A (it) 1975-04-07
FR2235706A1 (it) 1975-01-31
FR2235706B1 (it) 1978-09-15
SE7408336L (it) 1975-01-03
IT1014963B (it) 1977-04-30
DE2429541C3 (de) 1979-05-31
DK353874A (it) 1975-03-17
DE2429541A1 (de) 1975-01-23

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