US3842566A - Serial housing units construction process - Google Patents

Serial housing units construction process Download PDF

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Publication number
US3842566A
US3842566A US00390233A US39023373A US3842566A US 3842566 A US3842566 A US 3842566A US 00390233 A US00390233 A US 00390233A US 39023373 A US39023373 A US 39023373A US 3842566 A US3842566 A US 3842566A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fitting
walls
blocks
frames
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00390233A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Demanet
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1808—Holders for bricklayers' lines, bricklayers' bars; Sloping braces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
    • E04G21/1858—Templates for window or door openings, e.g. in a masonry wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B2001/3566—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block mounting masonry against a forwork
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B2001/3588—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block using special lifting or handling devices, e.g. gantries, overhead conveying rails

Definitions

  • This invention concerns the serial construction of single dual or multiple housing units, more specifically with regard to the economic system in developing countries or regions. These housing units are generally based on simple schemes in which quick and economic construction means may be used.
  • the essential purpose of the process of this invention resides in arranging a sequence of steps for constructing a basic structure, which steps can be performed by nonspecialized local labor without prejudice to the accuracy of the work performed.
  • Another purpose of the invention consists in applying simple means that allow acceleration of the basic structure building rhythm, also without prejudice to the work performed and, in particular, with regard to the perpendicularity and the alignment of both supporting walls and partitions.
  • Still another purpose of the process according to the invention consists in applying a technique such that, within the limits of a scheme covering even a considerable number of housing units, the successive phases may apply simultaneously to a multitude of houses, so that while one house is being built, the components used for construction phases already performed may be used to perform these same phases in other units within the scheme, with the entire operation organized as a continuous rotation preventing systematically any lengthy intervals in equipment use as well as any slowdown or stopping in the work of the teams participating in construction.
  • Another purpose of the invention concerns extremely quick performance to an extent that for any given scheme covering, for instance, several hundreds or even several thousands housing units, the savings obtained for basic structures may be from 50 to 65% as compared to performances based on the quickest and most economic processes proposed to this day; this comparison must be conducted, of course, with housing units of the same conditioning and offering the same finishing level.
  • said frame with a filling that will form the enclosure; in fitting into said frame the guide partitions whose face turned towards the inside of the housing unit will limit the surface of the outer walls to be set up; in setting up said walls by means of joined blocks arranged in superposed continuous rows; in forming continuous joints by pouring a generally cement-based compound continuously along each row of blocks be means of an appropriate distributor system; in previously fitting in appropriate places, against the inside face of said guide partitions, the mountings or frames for the doors and windows and in assuring, while setting up the walls, a solid fixation between these walls and said frames or mountings; finally, in placing and fitting the roof generally fabricated close to thehousing unit and in bringing said roof in correct position by means of an appropriate hoisting device.
  • a first preparatory phase will consist in fitting, immediately after having placed the gage on the ground to limit the exact site of the unit, along the limits determined by said gage, hoop or brace-shaped supports sunk into the ground and firmly immobilized on a level with said reversed U-shaped; section frame.
  • This latter could, as for that, receive a beneficial addition through separate, respectively welded partitions so as to increase their strength and facilitate the subsequent fitting of said guide partitions.
  • the blocks used will be preferably selected in a shape, the hollows of which have a bottom and the two abutment faces of which are bordered by projecting edges so that such blocks may be installed at a very quick rhythm without any detriment to the vertical alignment and the correctness of the masonry considering that said blocks are systematically and automatically guided in two orthogonal directions, respectively by the guide partition and by the adjacent block.
  • these guide partitions will also be interlocked at their upper section by means of a reversed U-shaped device covering the top sections of said guide partions while significantly increasing their strength.
  • the roof may be either a saddle roof or a selfsupporting box type roof.
  • the construction, the installation in correct position and the fitting of this roof to the masonry offer no specific problem.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 show a schematic view of the various layout phases of a structure according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows an enlarged scale section taken on line VII-VII of FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a vertical projection view of a guide partition according to the invention
  • FIG. 9 shows a top view of the layout of FIG. 8.
  • FIGS. l0, l1 and 12 respectively show an enlarged scale view taken on lines XX, XIXI and XIIXII of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 13 shows a face view of a structure built according to the invention
  • FIG. 14 shows a top view of the layout of FIG. 12
  • FIG. 15 shows an enlarged scale section taken on line XV-XV of FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 16 is similar to FIG. 15, but with the guide components removed;
  • FIG. 17 shows a transverse section of masonry
  • FIG. 18 shows a variant of the part shown at F18 on FIG. 15.
  • the process according to the invention consists in setting up on the ground, in a previously determined place, a gage 1 with marking battens 1', measuring lines 1" and a planchette 1" for the purpose of determining the site of the structure to be built (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • a gage 1 with marking battens 1'
  • measuring lines 1" and a planchette 1" for the purpose of determining the site of the structure to be built (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • said measuring line 1" we shall sink hoopor brace-shaped supports 2 into the ground with the top faces 3 of these supports arranged in one plane and forming a joint seat for the U-shaped components 4 that are part of a frame which accurately surrounds the outer limits of said gage 1.
  • these U-shaped components are interlinked additional guide plates 5-6.
  • a guide panel 10 made of wood, metal, plastic or any other compound material serving the purpose involved; this panel will be strengthened by stiffening ribs 11 that extend all over or over part of the length of said panels 10. These panels with their stiffening ribs 11 will be firmly wedged by means of wedges 12. These wedges could, in specific cases, be advantageously replaced by bars made of metal or other materials fulfilling the same function. This wedging is such that panel 10 will be firmly immobilized in such a manner that its face 13 turned towards the inside of the housing unit will find itself in the plane subsequently to be defined by the masonry itself.
  • said U-shaped component 4 will be interlinked with the concrete slab 8 by means of a metal screw 40 passing through leg 9 of the U-shaped component 4, through guide plate 4 and then screwing into a small mass 41 sunk into the concrete and fitted with interior threading.
  • a metal screw 40 passing through leg 9 of the U-shaped component 4, through guide plate 4 and then screwing into a small mass 41 sunk into the concrete and fitted with interior threading.
  • the lateral legs of the hoopor brace-shaped supports 2 may bear on solid ground.
  • guide panels 10 will be installed at the place of the various walls to be built; adequate openings, e.g., those corresponding to the doors as shown at 17 will be provided for in order to permit workers to walk in and out and bring in the blocks necessary for setting up the masonry.
  • the door frames 18 and window frames 19 will be fitted onto the corresponding part of the guide partition by any appropriate means; this fixation is but temporary since the mountings or frames will have to be anchored into the masonry.
  • This masonry will be placed, in accordance with the invention, under exceptionally simple and economic conditions.
  • These blocks 20 consist of a prismatic body 21 with two blind hollows 22-23; their contiguous faces 24-25 are so designed as to show two bordering edges 2627 and 28-29.
  • the masonry will be set up by means of such blocks, which will be simply placed contiguously, one after another, against a guide partition 10 on a first layer of mortar by means of a distributor system (well known in itself). After a first row of such blocks has been placed, their top face will be coated in the same manner by a second layer of mortar.
  • These blocks 20 will, of course, be installed with their bottom pointing upwards so as to present a full surface when the mortar is applied. After this application, we proceed with placing a second row of blocks still guided both by a guide panel and by the block below.
  • a beam 37 to the top part of which will be fitted by means of anchoring 38 a plank 39 subsequently to be used for fastening the roof.
  • Serial housing units construction process characterized in that it substantially consists in determining the exact layout of a housing unit by means of a mobile gage; in attaching supports on the periphery of the site thus defined and in fitting, on these supports, a U- shaped straight section frame; in filling the space limited by said frame with a filling that will form the circulation area; in fitting into said frame the guide partitions whose face turned towards the inside of the housing unit will limit the surface of the outer walls to be set up; in setting up said walls by means of joined blocks arranged in superposed continuous rows; in forming continuous joints by pouring a generally cement-based compound continuously along each row of blocks by means of an appropriate distributor system; in previously fitting in appropriate places, against the inner face of said guide partitions, the mountings or frames for doors and windows and in assuring, while setting up the walls, a solid fixation between these walls and said frames or mountings; finally, in placing and fitting the roof generally fabricated close to the housing unit and in bringing said roof into correct position by means of an appropriate hoisting device
  • door frames and the window frames are provisionally fitted in suitable places to the inner face of the guide panels while said mountings and frames are equipped with anchoring devices to be fitted into the masonry in the course of its construction.
  • the blocks used are of prismatic design with two blind hollows and abutment faces bordered by edges along two parallel sides, these blocks being installed one after another in such a manner as to be arranged in a joined design with their full face pointing upwards until one complete row of blocks is achieved, while the mortar will then be continuously applied to the top face of said row and conditioned in such a manner as to simultaneously penetrate into the spaces between contiguous blocks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
US00390233A 1972-08-22 1973-08-21 Serial housing units construction process Expired - Lifetime US3842566A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE787817A BE787817A (fr) 1972-08-22 1972-08-22 Procede pour la construction d'habitations en serie.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3842566A true US3842566A (en) 1974-10-22

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ID=3860075

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00390233A Expired - Lifetime US3842566A (en) 1972-08-22 1973-08-21 Serial housing units construction process

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3842566A (fr)
BE (1) BE787817A (fr)
FR (1) FR2197097B1 (fr)
OA (1) OA04478A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115341768A (zh) * 2022-07-15 2022-11-15 浙江省一建建设集团有限公司 一种钢筋预埋底座施工用居中定位装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH324588A (fr) * 1955-06-27 1957-10-15 Ullberg S A Charpente métallique auxiliaire pour la construction de bâtiments
FR1479732A (fr) * 1966-05-11 1967-05-05 Procédé de construction et sa mise en oeuvre
US3468094A (en) * 1968-02-05 1969-09-23 Campbell Res Corp Building erection system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115341768A (zh) * 2022-07-15 2022-11-15 浙江省一建建设集团有限公司 一种钢筋预埋底座施工用居中定位装置
CN115341768B (zh) * 2022-07-15 2024-07-16 浙江省一建建设集团有限公司 一种钢筋预埋底座施工用居中定位装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE787817A (fr) 1972-12-18
FR2197097B1 (fr) 1978-03-10
OA04478A (fr) 1980-03-15
FR2197097A1 (fr) 1974-03-22

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