US3850202A - Injection site for a flow conduit - Google Patents

Injection site for a flow conduit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3850202A
US3850202A US00280904A US28090472A US3850202A US 3850202 A US3850202 A US 3850202A US 00280904 A US00280904 A US 00280904A US 28090472 A US28090472 A US 28090472A US 3850202 A US3850202 A US 3850202A
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United States
Prior art keywords
housing
tube
injection site
wall
elastomeric
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00280904A
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English (en)
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B Morgan
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US00280904A priority Critical patent/US3850202A/en
Priority to BE136324A priority patent/BE805643A/fr
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Publication of US3850202A publication Critical patent/US3850202A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
    • F16L21/002—Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces
    • F16L21/005—Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces made of elastic material, e.g. partly or completely surrounded by clamping devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/02—Access sites
    • A61M39/04—Access sites having pierceable self-sealing members

Definitions

  • Injection sites in blood or parenteral solution conduits are generally made of natural latex, which has good self-sealing properties, and thus has tended to partially compensate for the disadvantages of the prior art injection sites.
  • natural latex is a relatively thrombogenic material, and is undesirable for use in blood flow conduits.
  • a new injection site having reliable sealing of needle punctures through materials such as silicone rubber, rather than latex or other materials having more pronounced blood clotting tendencies or other biologic incompatibilities.
  • the needle puncture site used in this invention is not stretched, but is placed under compression in a housing and abutted in an end-to-end relationship with the remaining fluid'flow conduit to provide a more reliable high pressure injection site.
  • This injection site can have the added advantage of a smooth bore, free of discontinuities, which discontinuities tend to cause blood to clot, or cause accentuated hemolysis.
  • blood-compatible, elastomeric materials can be utilized as the needle puncture member, even though their selfsealing capabilities are not the equal of the less biologically compatible latex materials.
  • the injection site for a fluid flow conduit of this invention comprises a housing, and an elastomeric wall maintained within the housing under compression, the wall defining a portion of the fluid flow conduit.
  • the injection site can be designed to seal effectively against a wide range of pressures using a wide range of elastomeric materials, depending upon the degree of the compressive force on the elastomeric wall.
  • the elastomeric wall is made of silicone rubber, or similar biocompatible, antithrombogenic, and elastomeric material which does not readily creep into permanent deformation under compression.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the fluid flow conduit of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a magnified elevational view of the conduit of FIG. 1 with portions broken away and shown in section.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • fluid conduit 10 is shown. This conduit might be used as part of the system to connect a patients artery to a blood oxygenator or artificial kidney, or it may also be used as a connection between the aforesaid oxygenator or kidney and a vein of a patient.
  • the blood flow conduit might be used as part of the blood flow path in an organ perfusion device, such as the VIACELL organ perfusion system sold by Travenol Laboratories, Inc. of Morton Grove, Ill.
  • Flow conduit 10 comprises elastomeric tubing 12, 14, which can optionally be terminated with flanges 15 to assist in connecting tubing 12, 14 in sealing, abutting, end'to-end relationship with similarly flanged tubing by means of couplers of the type shown in Argentine Pat. No. 188,952 or US. Pat. No. 3,456,965.
  • tubing 12, 14 which are typically made of non-thrombogenic plasticized polyvinyl chloride, have ends 16, 18 conventionally secured by solvent or heat sealing within tubular housing 20, which is typically made of ABS plastic or another strong, generally rigid plastic.
  • Elastomeric tube 22 is positioned within the bore of housing 20.
  • Tube 22 has an uncompressed outer diameter which is greater than the bore of housing 20, so that when tube 22 is positioned in the bore of housing 20, as shown in the drawings, it is under radial compression.
  • housing 20 may have an outer diameter of 0.375 inch and an inner diameter of 0.298 inch.
  • Tube 22 may have, prior to compression within bore 20, an outer diameter of 0.330 inch and an inner diameter of 0.210 inch, resulting in an uncompressed wall thickness of 0.060 inch.
  • the above specifically designed arrangement will prevent leakage from a needle puncture in the presence of fluid pressures inside conduit 10 of up to about 25 p.s.i..
  • the uncompressed outer diameter of tube 22 should be at least 10 per cent greater than the inner diameter (bore diameter) of housing 20, which, of course, governs and is equal to the compressed outer diameter of tube 22.
  • the bore diameter of compressed tube 22 is equal to the bore diameters of tubing 12, 14, to provide a smooth fluid flow path free of discontinuities.
  • Tubular housing 20 and elastomeric tube 22 are typically of circular cross-section, but equivalent structural parts having oval or polygonal cross-sections are contemplated to be within the scope of the invention.
  • Port 24 in housing provides needle access to tube 22. It is desirable that the dimension of port 24 which is transverse to tube 22 be no more than about 60 percent of the outer transverse dimension (outer diameter) of tube 22, so that the portion of the tube which is exposed by port 24 does not lose an excessive amount of compression by compressive relief provided by port 24. If housing 20 is made of polyethylene, vinyl plastic, or the like, port 24 can be omitted in those cases in which housing 20 is thin enough to permit the needle to penetrate directly through the housing wall, as well as the wall of tube 22.
  • housing 20 can be fabricated to prevent injection needles from accidentally passing entirely through the injection site, as frequently happens with the present latex tube sites. This is achieved when port 24 is adjacent a solid, needle-stopping wall 25 on the opposite side of housing 20.
  • the injection site of this invention can be theoretically designed to prevent leakage from a hypodermic needle injection puncture in tube 22 over a wide range of fluid pressures within bore 21, utilizing a wide range of materials for constructing tube 22, including natural latex, if desired.
  • the capacity of the injection site of this invention to seal against pressurized fluid after puncture is largely dependent upon the degree of compression of tube 22.
  • the minimum degree of compression needed to seal against any given pressure can be expressed as a minimum difference between the outer diameter of the uncompressed tube 22 and the inner diameter of housing 20 (such difference being defined as the variable D) which provides sealing of a needle puncture at a given internal pressure P within bore 21.
  • D This value of D at any given value of P can be approximated by solving the following equation:
  • a is the radius of the bore of tube 22
  • b is the radius of the bore of housing 20
  • c is the outer diameter of housing 20 (as illustrated in FIG. 3).
  • E is the modulus of elasticity of the material of housing 20
  • E is the modulus of elasticity of the material of tube 22
  • ,u is Poissons ratio of the material of housing 20
  • a is Poissons ratio of the material of tube 22.
  • this equation approximates the limiting pressures at which leakage just begins for a compressed tube and housing arrangement made of given materials and having specified dimensions and a specific degree of compression. At significantly lower pressures of P than that used in the equation, there shall be no leakage, either out of hypodermic needle puncture sites or along the surface defined between housing 20 and tube 22. The effect of port 24 is not in cluded in the calculation; it would of course lower the limiting pressure at which leakage would just begin.
  • injection sites for fluid flow conduits can be provided in accordance with this invention to resist leakage in the presence of almost any maximum fluid pressure desired.
  • blood contacting portions of the injection site can be made of antithrombogenic material to provide the most favorable possible environment for blood which is being passed extracorporeally.
  • an injection site which comprises a housing, and an elastomeric wall maintained under radial compression and enclosed within said housing, said wall along its entire length defining a portion of said fluid flow conduit, and said compression being sufficient to prevent leakage through said wall after said wall is punctured with a needle.
  • an injection site which comprises a housing having a bore therein, an elastomeric tube having uncompressed, outer, transverse dimensions greater than the transverse dimensions of said bore, said tube along its entire length defining a portion of said fluid flow conduit, said tube being positioned in said bore under radial compression, and a port in said housing exposing a portion of said compressed tube to the exterior of said housing for access by an injection needle.
  • conduits having bores of identical diameter to the bore of the compressed elastomeric tube are carried in each end of the bore of the housing in abutting relation with the ends of said elastomeric tube, whereby a smooth flow path, free of discontinuities, is defined through said conduits and elastomeric tubes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
US00280904A 1972-08-15 1972-08-15 Injection site for a flow conduit Expired - Lifetime US3850202A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00280904A US3850202A (en) 1972-08-15 1972-08-15 Injection site for a flow conduit
BE136324A BE805643A (fr) 1972-08-15 1973-10-04 Site d'injection pour conduit d'ecoulement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00280904A US3850202A (en) 1972-08-15 1972-08-15 Injection site for a flow conduit

Publications (1)

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US3850202A true US3850202A (en) 1974-11-26

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US00280904A Expired - Lifetime US3850202A (en) 1972-08-15 1972-08-15 Injection site for a flow conduit

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US (1) US3850202A (fr)
BE (1) BE805643A (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898988A (en) * 1974-04-22 1975-08-12 Cobe Lab Extra corporeal blood access site
US3990445A (en) * 1975-01-03 1976-11-09 Valleylab, Inc. Drug injection device
US4043333A (en) * 1975-09-15 1977-08-23 Baxter Laboratories, Inc. Clamp-on injection site
US4076023A (en) * 1975-08-01 1978-02-28 Erika, Inc. Resealable device for repeated access to conduit lumens
US4184489A (en) * 1976-10-06 1980-01-22 Cordis Dow Corp. Infusion tube access site
JPS5540995A (en) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-22 Intermedicat Gmbh Urea measuring device
US4214779A (en) * 1977-03-07 1980-07-29 Gambro Ab Coupling device
US4290346A (en) * 1979-04-30 1981-09-22 Abbott Laboratories Intravenous pump chamber
US4432767A (en) * 1977-11-16 1984-02-21 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Tubing injection site guard
US4698061A (en) * 1984-03-02 1987-10-06 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Injection site package
EP0263664A3 (en) * 1986-10-07 1989-05-24 Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. Drainage device and support hanger
US5026358A (en) * 1986-10-07 1991-06-25 Pfizer Products Hospital Group Inc. Drainage device
US5088995A (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-02-18 Baxter International Inc. Port and closure assembly including a resealing injection site for a container
US5211426A (en) * 1989-09-29 1993-05-18 Hutchinson Point irrigation apparatus with branch connections
US5300050A (en) * 1986-10-07 1994-04-05 Deknatel Technology Corporation Drainage device
US20180369556A1 (en) * 2016-03-08 2018-12-27 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Medical instrument

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2832338A (en) * 1954-10-07 1958-04-29 Abbott Lab Venoclysis apparatus
US2980143A (en) * 1959-05-28 1961-04-18 Frederick F Harris Pipe clamp
US3447570A (en) * 1967-11-01 1969-06-03 Robert M Collins Puncture pad and holder
US3566868A (en) * 1968-08-26 1971-03-02 American Hospital Supply Corp Parenteral liquid administration set with injection site and method of making same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2832338A (en) * 1954-10-07 1958-04-29 Abbott Lab Venoclysis apparatus
US2980143A (en) * 1959-05-28 1961-04-18 Frederick F Harris Pipe clamp
US3447570A (en) * 1967-11-01 1969-06-03 Robert M Collins Puncture pad and holder
US3566868A (en) * 1968-08-26 1971-03-02 American Hospital Supply Corp Parenteral liquid administration set with injection site and method of making same

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898988A (en) * 1974-04-22 1975-08-12 Cobe Lab Extra corporeal blood access site
US3990445A (en) * 1975-01-03 1976-11-09 Valleylab, Inc. Drug injection device
US4076023A (en) * 1975-08-01 1978-02-28 Erika, Inc. Resealable device for repeated access to conduit lumens
US4043333A (en) * 1975-09-15 1977-08-23 Baxter Laboratories, Inc. Clamp-on injection site
US4184489A (en) * 1976-10-06 1980-01-22 Cordis Dow Corp. Infusion tube access site
US4214779A (en) * 1977-03-07 1980-07-29 Gambro Ab Coupling device
US4432767A (en) * 1977-11-16 1984-02-21 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Tubing injection site guard
JPS5540995A (en) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-22 Intermedicat Gmbh Urea measuring device
US4290346A (en) * 1979-04-30 1981-09-22 Abbott Laboratories Intravenous pump chamber
US4698061A (en) * 1984-03-02 1987-10-06 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Injection site package
EP0263664A3 (en) * 1986-10-07 1989-05-24 Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. Drainage device and support hanger
US5026358A (en) * 1986-10-07 1991-06-25 Pfizer Products Hospital Group Inc. Drainage device
EP0468544A3 (en) * 1986-10-07 1992-02-19 Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. Drainage device and support hanger
US5300050A (en) * 1986-10-07 1994-04-05 Deknatel Technology Corporation Drainage device
US5507734A (en) * 1986-10-07 1996-04-16 Deknatel Technology Corporation Drainage device
US5211426A (en) * 1989-09-29 1993-05-18 Hutchinson Point irrigation apparatus with branch connections
US5088995A (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-02-18 Baxter International Inc. Port and closure assembly including a resealing injection site for a container
US20180369556A1 (en) * 2016-03-08 2018-12-27 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Medical instrument
US10751521B2 (en) * 2016-03-08 2020-08-25 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Medical instrument

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE805643A (fr) 1974-02-01

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