US3857232A - Filament yarn and process to prepare same - Google Patents

Filament yarn and process to prepare same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3857232A
US3857232A US00378017A US37801773A US3857232A US 3857232 A US3857232 A US 3857232A US 00378017 A US00378017 A US 00378017A US 37801773 A US37801773 A US 37801773A US 3857232 A US3857232 A US 3857232A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
filament
filaments
yarns
abrasion resistance
flex abrasion
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00378017A
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English (en)
Inventor
K Heinrich
N Heichlinger
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Priority to US05/509,903 priority Critical patent/US3991549A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3857232A publication Critical patent/US3857232A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0286—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
    • Y10S57/908—Jet interlaced or intermingled

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a process for preparing essentially smooth filament yarns having several loose filament ends stick out, wherein at least a portion of the used filaments has a flex abrasion resistance of below abt. 1,500 revol. and wherein a filament bonding is imparted in known manner to the filament yarns subject to this treatment and wherein same are then submitted to a transversal stress, at which occasion the filaments having a flex abrasion resistance of below 1,500 revol.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift No. 1660 606 describes a processing method for the'production of such fluffy yarn, wherein the surface of drawn filament yarn is ripped and unraveled mechanically by rotating brushes. This process remains, however, limited to foamed thermoplastic polymers and, moreover, it is obviously applicable to coarse yarns only.
  • British Pat. No. 971 573 claims a similar process, jointly submitting two yarns of different elongation at break to a simultaneous drawing and texturizing process, whereby the stretching force applied has to be adjusted so as to break the yarn filaments with a lower elongation at break.
  • This process provides bulk yarns with filament ends sticking out, which may be transcess is rather troublesome and, moreover, includes quite a series of drawbacks.
  • the drawing step is set at the beginning of the heater built into the false twist texturizing apparatus. Since this known treatment implies that part of the filaments breaks within the stretch area, the
  • This problem could be solved by applying a transversal stress to the filament yarns consisting, at least partially, of filaments having a flex abrasion resistance of less than about 1,500 revolutions. Due to the transversal stresses applied to the yarn, the filaments with the reduced flex abrasion resistance break in irregular intervals. In order to simplify post-treatment, the obtained filament yarns may further be submitted to a subsequent treatment to ameliorate filament bonding.
  • all filaments are appropriate that consist, at least partially, of filaments having originally a folding and rubbing wear resistance of less than 1,500 revolutions, or the flex abrasion resistance of which may be brought down to this level by known methods. Best suitable are filaments the flex abrasion resistance of which is below 1,000 revol., especially below 500 revol.
  • the value of the flex abrasion resistance influences the number of loose filament ends produced by the process according to the invention, whereby the filaments having the lower flex abrasion resistance break easier under the transversal stress. 0n
  • the number of loose filamentends may also'be influenced by the portion within the total filament yarn of filaments having a lower flex abrasion resistance.
  • flex abrasion resistance already implies, it is normally impossible'to produce or utilize practically useful filament yarns havinga folding and rubbing wear resistance of, e.g., zero;
  • filaments having flex abrasion resistance values of, e.g., less than 5 revol. ' may be used:
  • the flex abrasion'resistance is measured by means of the flex abrasion device suchas it is described e.g. by Griinewald in Chemiefasern 12 (1962), pg. 853.
  • revol i.e., revolutions
  • cycles By revol, i.e., revolutions, as used herein with reference to flex abrasion resistance is meant cycles. This is clearly understood to one skilled in the art, and also from the property of flex abrasion resistance in connection with which the term is used as well as from the device employed in measuring said property as described in said publication just cited in this paragraph. Filaments having a reduced flex abrasion re- Ari average flex abrasion resistance of abt. 1,500. revolutions is linked to an average molecular weight of abt. 12,500, whilst flex abrasion resistance values below 10 revol. may be linked to average molecular weights of abt. 8,000.
  • Polyethylene-terephthalate filaments of so low a molecular weight cannot be melt-spun on an economically reasonable basis due to the low fusion viscosity of the polymers; they may, however, be prepared e.g. of the Po ymers .E, Dsmsshs et sls sss f 9-. Q.
  • flex abrasion resistance values It depends on the use intended, whether all the filaments of the filament yarn may have the desired low flex abrasion resistance. of less than 1,500 revol. and thus produce loose filament ends or whether only a portion of the filaments has this property while the rests shows a high flex abrasion resistance and, therefore, does not break during exposure to transversal stress.
  • slightly tighter interlacing of the filaments has to be chosen in the first case, whilst in the latter case sufficient yarn strength is guaranteed anyway by the filaments.
  • titer, profile and number of the filaments, i.e., the total titer of the filament yarn used may be determined freely as best they suit-the use in mind.
  • the titer will remain within the range of from 1 to dtex per filament and of below 300 dtex for the yarn, usually set for textile application purposes; however, special purposes such as decorative fabric may also require higher titers.
  • filaments may also consist of diverse raw materials so that their diversified characteristics may contribute to realize further special effects, such as those caused by use of mixture yarns or coloured twist yarns due to the fact that the different components absorb the applied dyestuff differently; the flame resistance may be increased by using yarn components which are frame-proof or flameretarding; yarns of a potential crimp effect may be prepared by using bicomponent threads or filaments of different shrinkage.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is represented by essentially smooth filament yarns consisting of component mixtures showing individually diversified titers and where the yarn component of the lowest individual titer provides the loose filament ends sticking out of the yarn.
  • atransversal stress to the filament yarns necessary according to the invention for preparing crimp-free filament yarns with individual loose ends, may be realized, for example, by twisting the filament yarns.
  • a larger or smaller number of threads are breaking in the filament yarns according to the invention.
  • Another form of transversal stress is to move the filament yarns to be treated around a thread guide having a small diameter.
  • the filaments with a lower flex abrasion resistance break in irregular intervals under application of transversal stress, the loose filament ends stick out of the filament yarn in a regular not in a periodical distribution all over its length.
  • filament yarns may be used, that consist at least partially of filaments having a flex abrasion resistance below 1,500 revol.
  • These yarns may comprise, e.g highmolecular polyamides, polyesters, polyolefins, polyacryl-nitriles, cellulose or threadforming copolymers or derivatives of these materials.
  • the filaments used should be drawn evenly and thoroughly before applying the transversal stress according to the invention for producing the individual loose filament ends. in orderto prevent processing difficulties, it is necessary that the filament yarns used do not show yet any broken single filaments immediately after being drawn.
  • the rear transversal stress should not be applied before filament bonding has increased sufficiently so as to avoid sliding open of the broken ends.
  • a particularly simple process is twisting the filaments, e.g., by means of a ring twister.
  • a torsion is here applied to the filament yarn as it is usually done for fiber'yarns. This twist is at the same time sufficient as transversal stress for breaking the individual filaments with a reduced flex abrasion resistance.
  • the lower limit of the twist required (in revol./m) for still'producing a yarn according to the invention depends as well on the flex abrasion resistance of theyarns or yarn components used as of their titer, too and may be easily determined in each case by pre-testing.
  • other knownmethods are also applicable, such as interlacing in a gas jet orexposure to electrostatic forces, whereby the necessary transversal stress may then be built up by moving the filaments around a thread guide having a small diameter. If desired, combinations are possible. of the different treatments for increasing filament bonding and of said methods for applying transversal stress.
  • its running properties may, optionally, be ameliorated either by application of an additional preparation coating or sizing product. If desired, other known methods may as well be applied to increase filament bonding.
  • the crimp-free filament yarns with loose filament ends prepared as per theprocess of the invention excel in the unusual uniformity of textile-technological properties displayed all over the length of these yarns.
  • the afore described yarns have a greater covering power and a finer hand, though their volume did not increase substantially.
  • Surfaces formed by the filament yarns according to the invention display properties which place them between these made of smooth filament yarns on one hand and those made of staple fiber yarns on the other hand. They are especially well appropriate for plain fabrics, such as cambric-like ones.
  • those made of the filament yarns according to the invention are outstanding by their low tendency to pilling.
  • the fundamental structure of the yarns according to the invention is explained by the drawing.
  • the flex abrasion resistance was defined, as said before, by means of a flex abrasion device, whereby the filaments to be examined are subject to a transversal stress of 0.45 g/dtex, the diameter of the wire being from 0.02 mm to 6.7 dtex, 0.04 mm to l3 dtex and 0.05 mm for even higher titers, folding occurs in an angle of 1 at a velocity of 126 revol./min.
  • Example A filament yarn with individual loose filament ends was prepared according to the process of the invention as a blended yarn composed of 12 filaments having the titer dtex 5.5 (yarn component dtex 67f 12") and of 40 filaments having the titer dtex 1.7 (yarn comp0- nent dtex 67 f40).
  • the yarn component 67 f l 2 consisted of a polyethylene terephthalate of the relative viscosity he: 1.81 (measured by a solution of l g in 100 ml of a mixture of phenol-tetrachlorethane, weight proportion 3:2 at 25C). The spinning temperature amounted to 290C, at a melt output of 35.5 g/min, the take-up rolls were fed at a speed of 2,400 m/min.
  • the polymer material for the yarn component 67 f 40 was prepared in adaptation to the details given by example of Deutsche Auslegeschrift No. l 720 647,
  • the 2.4 g of zinc acetate were replaced by 3.1 g of manganese acetate and the portion of trimethoxysilanethane phosphonic acid diethyl ester was increased from 48 g to 72 g.
  • the melt temperature during the spinning process amounted to 290C, the melt output was by 32.5 g/min, take-up speed 2,200 m/min.
  • Bobbins of each of the two yarn components were linked to a draw-twister with ring traveler and jointly drawn at a stretch-proportion of 12.2 over a pin heated to C and an adjacent heater plate having a temperature of C.
  • the two yarn components were plyed on the draw-twister, the blended yarn thus obtained had a torsion of 20 revol./m, no loose ends sticking out could be observed.
  • a separate measuring of the textile values showed a strength of 36.5 g/tex at an elongation of 27 for dtex 67 f 12 and a flex abrasion resistance of abt. 3,800 revol., whilst the yarn component 67 f 40 showed a strength of 27 g/tex at 32 elongation and a flex abrasion resistance of 415 revol.
  • the blended yarn was fed into a multiple twisting machine.
  • a contact heater plate was placed having a surface temperature of 210C and a length of 70 cm.
  • a twist of 1,500 r/meter was imparted to the yarn, presenting an average of one filament end per cm of yarn length.
  • a process for preparing essentially smooth filament yarns having several loose filament ends sticking out wherein at least a portion of the filaments used have a flex abrasion resistance of below about 1,500 cycles and wherein a filament bonding is imparted to the filament yarns subject to this treatment and wherein same are then submitted to a transversal stress, at which occasion the filaments having a flex abrasion resistance of below about 1,500 cycles break in irregular intervals.
  • transversal stress is produced by imparting a torque to the filament yarn.
  • transversal stress is produced by moving the filament yarns around a thread guide of small diameter.
  • the filaments used have a casion the filaments having a flex abrasion resistance of below about 1,500cycles break in irregular intervals and wherein the thus obtained loose filament ends of the filament yarns are temporarily interlaced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
US00378017A 1973-02-19 1973-07-10 Filament yarn and process to prepare same Expired - Lifetime US3857232A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/509,903 US3991549A (en) 1973-02-19 1974-09-27 Filament yarn and process to prepare same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732308138 DE2308138B2 (de) 1973-02-19 1973-02-19 Filamentgarn und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

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BE (1) BE811258A (fr)
DE (1) DE2308138B2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA74777B (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3991549A (en) * 1973-02-19 1976-11-16 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Filament yarn and process to prepare same
US4054025A (en) * 1975-07-23 1977-10-18 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of filament yarns with statistically distributed, broken individual filaments
DE2803401A1 (de) * 1977-01-26 1978-07-27 Eastman Kodak Co Textilfaeden, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie aus den faeden hergestellte garne
US4110965A (en) * 1976-12-20 1978-09-05 Monsanto Company Spun-like hand yarn process
WO1979000149A1 (fr) * 1977-09-16 1979-03-22 Du Pont Fil de garnissage polyester de texturisation
US4302929A (en) * 1978-11-24 1981-12-01 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Hairy monocomponent yarn
US4414801A (en) * 1978-07-10 1983-11-15 Fiber Industries, Inc. Process for making spun-like yarn with variable denier filaments
US4590032A (en) * 1982-06-21 1986-05-20 Eastman Kodak Company Process for draw-fracturable yarn
US4829761A (en) * 1987-06-05 1989-05-16 Eastman Kodak Company Continuous filament yarn having spun-like or staple-like character

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52107349A (en) * 1976-03-04 1977-09-08 Murata Machinery Ltd Spun yarn and method of producing same
DE2850854C2 (de) * 1978-11-24 1983-01-20 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Herstellung eines voluminösen, falschdrahttexturierten Filamentgarnes mit einzelnen abstehenden Filamentenden

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2196975A (en) * 1940-04-16 Apparatus for stapiuzing yarn
US3001358A (en) * 1956-11-28 1961-09-26 Midland Ross Corp Bulked continuous multi-filament yarn
US3043088A (en) * 1958-11-26 1962-07-10 Du Pont Process for making bulky yarn
US3123972A (en) * 1964-03-10 Slub yarn
US3214899A (en) * 1965-02-12 1965-11-02 Eastman Kodak Co Cordage product
US3398220A (en) * 1964-06-26 1968-08-20 Parker Pace Corp Process for converting a web of synthetic material into bulk yarns
US3488941A (en) * 1966-12-05 1970-01-13 Teijin Ltd Process for splitting a narrow film or false twisting a fibrous material

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2196975A (en) * 1940-04-16 Apparatus for stapiuzing yarn
US3123972A (en) * 1964-03-10 Slub yarn
US3001358A (en) * 1956-11-28 1961-09-26 Midland Ross Corp Bulked continuous multi-filament yarn
US3043088A (en) * 1958-11-26 1962-07-10 Du Pont Process for making bulky yarn
US3398220A (en) * 1964-06-26 1968-08-20 Parker Pace Corp Process for converting a web of synthetic material into bulk yarns
US3214899A (en) * 1965-02-12 1965-11-02 Eastman Kodak Co Cordage product
US3488941A (en) * 1966-12-05 1970-01-13 Teijin Ltd Process for splitting a narrow film or false twisting a fibrous material

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3991549A (en) * 1973-02-19 1976-11-16 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Filament yarn and process to prepare same
US4054025A (en) * 1975-07-23 1977-10-18 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of filament yarns with statistically distributed, broken individual filaments
US4110965A (en) * 1976-12-20 1978-09-05 Monsanto Company Spun-like hand yarn process
DE2803401A1 (de) * 1977-01-26 1978-07-27 Eastman Kodak Co Textilfaeden, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie aus den faeden hergestellte garne
WO1979000149A1 (fr) * 1977-09-16 1979-03-22 Du Pont Fil de garnissage polyester de texturisation
US4157419A (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-06-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester feed yarn for draw-texturing
US4414801A (en) * 1978-07-10 1983-11-15 Fiber Industries, Inc. Process for making spun-like yarn with variable denier filaments
US4302929A (en) * 1978-11-24 1981-12-01 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Hairy monocomponent yarn
US4590032A (en) * 1982-06-21 1986-05-20 Eastman Kodak Company Process for draw-fracturable yarn
US4829761A (en) * 1987-06-05 1989-05-16 Eastman Kodak Company Continuous filament yarn having spun-like or staple-like character

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE811258A (fr) 1974-08-19
DE2308138A1 (de) 1974-09-05
ZA74777B (en) 1975-01-29
DE2308138B2 (de) 1976-04-15

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