US3865616A - Electrical steel sheet provided with coating derived from a carbohydrate and a methylol resin - Google Patents

Electrical steel sheet provided with coating derived from a carbohydrate and a methylol resin Download PDF

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Publication number
US3865616A
US3865616A US305682A US30568272A US3865616A US 3865616 A US3865616 A US 3865616A US 305682 A US305682 A US 305682A US 30568272 A US30568272 A US 30568272A US 3865616 A US3865616 A US 3865616A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
carbohydrate
steel sheet
electrical steel
varnish
sheet according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US305682A
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English (en)
Inventor
Carl-Artur Akerblom
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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Publication of US3865616A publication Critical patent/US3865616A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J105/00—Adhesives based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09J101/00 or C09J103/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
    • H01F1/14775—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets
    • H01F1/14783—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31688—Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate

Definitions

  • the carbohydrate may 117/132 B, 132 BF, 161 C be a monosaccharide, a disaccharide or a hydrolysis product of a disaccharide, starch, sulphite cellulose [56] References Cited waste liquor, molasses or the like.
  • the Prior Art The properties of the varnish used for varnishing electrical steel sheets are a significant factor in determining the rate of wear of tools employed for punching the sheets. Particularly heavy wear on tools is caused by electrical steel sheets which are coated with a hard varnish, e.g. sheets coated with a heat-treated layer of varnish consisting for the main part of sulphite cellulose waste liquor. Varnishes based on sulphite cellulose waste liquor (for example the varnish described in British Patent Specification No. 664.590) are otherwise well suited for the electrical insulation of electrical steel sheets, since they provide a layerof varnish which adheres well to the sheets and is not damaged during the punching, which would impair the insulation.
  • the present invention thus relates to a varnish for varnishing electrical steel sheet, comprising a binder and a solvent.
  • the varnish is characterised in that the binder at least for the main part comprises a mixture or a partially reacted mixture of a resinous product containing methylol groups and a carbohydrate which at least for the main part comprises a carbohydrate with a carbon chain having at the most 12 carbon atoms.
  • the resinous product may comprise a product with the capacity to dissolve in a mixture of equal parts by weight of acetone and ethanol and to form a solution containing 50 per cent by weight of the resinous product, which solution is able to be diluted with at least as much water as the quantity of organic solvent without the resin precipitating.
  • This statement as to the properties of the resinous product does not, of course, mean that the resinous product according to the present invention must be used together with the abovementioned solvent used for the characterisation of the resinous product, or in the above-mentioned quantity in the solution.
  • the resinous product may consist of a phenolic resin (for example that known under the trade mark LAQVA", Wilhelm Beckers, Sweden, in which the resinous product is dissolved in a solvent) or of a melamine resin (for ex ample that known under the trade mark CELLA- THERM, Wiesbaden, in which the resinous product is dissolved in a solvent) or of mixtures of phenolic resins and melamine resins (for example that known under the trade mark STOLLACK, Peter Stoll, Vienna, Austria, in which the resinous product is dissolved in a solvent). It is also possible to use, for example, urea resins or mixtures of urea resins with phenolic and/or melamine resins.
  • the mentioned resins may be modified for instance, with alkyds, such as an alkyd substantially built up of glycerol and phthalic acid or with acrylates such as methyl metachrylate.
  • carbohydrates which may be used in the manufacture of the varnish are monosaccharides, such as for example pentoses and hexoses, such as .arabinose, xylose, glucose, fructose, mannose and glactose, disaccharides, for example saccharose, maltose, lactose, cellubiose, sorbose, gentiobiose, trehalose and melibiose, polysaccharides, that is saccharides having more than 12 carbon atoms, for example starch and cellulose and also industrial waste products, for example molasses and sulphite cellulose waste liquor, which contain carbohydrates or are composed of carbohydrates which can be liberated by hydrolysis.
  • the carbohydrate may also consist of mixtures of two or more different carbohydrates.
  • the carbohydrates consist of long carbon chains such as chains having more than 12 carbon atoms, which is the case with, for example, starch
  • these are hydrolyzed by treating a highly concentrated acqueous solution of the carbohydrate with acid, for example phosphoric acid, before it is combined with resinous product after a preceding neutralisation with, for example, ammonia or another alkali such as an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide.
  • the carbohydrate used is obtained from industrial waste products which, in their production, have been in acid surroundings, or if it consists of carbon chains having at the most l2 carbon atoms, it can be used as it is, in which case it is dissolved in water and the pH of the solution is adjusted when necessary to the desired value, for example with an alkaline phosphate, such as trisodium phosphate, before the resinous product is added. In certain cases, however, it may be advantageous to perform the previously described hydrolysis even of a disaccharide.
  • the amount of carbohydrate used in the production of the varnish is suitably from 30 to per cent and therefore the amount of the resinous product from 70 to 30 per cent of the total weight of the carbohydrate and the resinous product containing methylol groups.
  • the binder may also contain another organic binder, for example, organic substances such as lignin derivatives which are constituents of sulphite cellulose waste liquor.
  • the varnish may also contain an inorganic and/or organic filler in finely divided form, for example mica powder, clay, an organic polymer, such as polythene, polypropene, polyvinyl chloride in commercial qualities.
  • the filler is suitably used in an amount of from 1 to 30 per cent of the total weight of the non-volatile constituents of the varnish.
  • the particle size of the fillers which may be used is preferably from I to microns.
  • an aqueous solution of the carbohydrate after adjustment of its pH value to at least 7 and preferably-8-l 1, may be mixed with asolution of the resinous product in a solvent which suitably consists at least mainly of an organic solvent capable of mixing with water, for example acetone, ethanol, glycols such as butyldiglycol.
  • Phosphate groups can be added, for example by using phosphoric acid for the hydrolysis-of the carbohydrate used or by using a phosphate when adjusting the pH value of the varnish.
  • EXAMPLE l 100 parts by weight of saccharose are dissolved in 100 parts by weight of water and 85 parts by weight of phosphoric acid (s.g. 1.70) is added. After being allowed to stand for 2-6 hours at room temperature the solution is neutralised with ammonia to the pH value 8.
  • This aqueoussolution is then'mixed with 250 parts by weight of a solution of a phenolic resin or a-melamine resin in an organic solvent (for example the previously mentioned LAQVA or CELL-ATHERM) containing 50 per cent by weight of the phenolic resin or the melamine resin. 5. parts by weight of a wetting agent is also added (for example that known under the trade mark TEEPOOL, Shell, or the trade mark V105, Olof Lindstedt AB, Molndal).
  • an organic solvent for example the previously mentioned LAQVA or CELL-ATHERM
  • the carbohydrate content forms about 45 per cent of the total weight of the carbohydrate and resinous product.
  • the varnish is applied on the sheet which is to be insulated, for example by pressure rolling, and is then cured at a temperature of about 300C for 30-60 seconds.
  • the thickness of the layer of varnish, which after penetration is about 3 microns, can be regulated by altering the water content of the varnish.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A varnish is produced and applied in the manner described in Example 1 except that instead of 100 parts by weight of saccharose 200 parts by weight of molasses is used consisting of 50 per cent by weight of water.
  • EXAMPLE 3 To 500 parts by weight of evaporated (part of the water removed) sulphite cellulose waste liquor (for example from Katrinefors Paper Mills, which substance consists for the main part of lignin derivatives and carbohydrates) containing 50 per cent by weight of body substance there is added 35 parts by weight of phosphoric acid (s.g. 1.70). When the solution has been treated and neutralised in the manner indicated in Example it is mixed with 200 parts by weight of the resinous solution described in Example 1 and with a wetting agent.
  • evaporated (part of the water removed) sulphite cellulose waste liquor for example from Katrinefors Paper Mills, which substance consists for the main part of lignin derivatives and carbohydrates
  • phosphoric acid s.g. 1.70
  • the total weight of carbohydrate and resinous product comprises more than half the non-volatile constituents of the varnish.
  • Other organic substances deriving from the sulphite cellulose waste liquor, such as lignin derivatives, are also present as components in the binder.
  • the binder thus consists for the main part of carbohydrate and resinous product.
  • the varnish is applied in the manner indicated in Example l.
  • the total weight of carbohydrate and resinous product comprises more than half the non-volatile constituents of the varnish.
  • Other organic substances deriving from sulphite cellulose waste liquor, such as lignin derivatives, are also present as constituents in the binder.
  • the binder thus consists for the main part of the carbohydrate and the resinous product.
  • the carbohydrate content comprises about 50 per cent of the total weight of carbohydrate and resinous product.
  • EXAMPLE 6 250 parts by weight dried cellulose waste liquor of the type described in Example 4 is dissolved in 200 parts by weight of water and neutralised with 50 parts by weight of trisodium phosphate.
  • the aqueous solution is mixed with 250 parts by weight of the resinous solution described in Example 1 and mixed with a wetting agent.
  • the total weight of carbohydrate and resinous product comprises more than half the non-volatile constituents of the varnish.
  • Other organic substances deriving from the sulphite cellulose waste liquor, such as lignin derivatives, are also present as constituents in the binder.
  • the binder thus consists for the main part of the carbohydrate and resinous product.
  • the varnish is applied in the manner indicated in Example 1.
  • EXAMPLE 7 100 parts by weight of saccharose is dissolved in 100 parts by weight of water. The pH value is adjusted to 8 with 30 parts by weight of trisodium phosphate.
  • This aqueous solution is mixed with the resinous solution described in Example 1 and a wetting agent is added.
  • the carbohydrate content comprises about 45 per cent of the total weight of carbohydrate and resinous product.
  • An electrical steel sheet provided with a coating derived from a varnish comprising a binder and a solvent, in which the binder consists essentially of a mixture or a partially reacted mixture of a resinous product containing methylol groups and a carbohydrate material consisting essentially of a carbohydrate with a carbon chain having at the most 12 carbon atoms, said resinous product consisting essentially of at least one product selected from the group consisting of phenolic resins, melamine resins and urea resins and having the capacity to dissolve in an organic solvent consisting of a mixture of equal parts by weight of acetone and ethanol to form a solution containing 50 per cent by weight of the resinous product, which solution is capable of being diluted with at least as much water as the quantity of organic solvent without producing precipitation of the resin, in which of the total weight of the carbohydrate and the resinous product containing methylol groups, the weight of the carbohydrate is 30-70 per cent and the weight of the resinous product 70-3O per cent.
  • carbohydrate consists essentially of a hydrolysis product of a substance selected from the group of disaccharides, carbohydrates having more than 12 carbon atoms and products built up of or containing monoor disaccharides or carbohydrates having more than 12 carbon atoms.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
US305682A 1971-11-22 1972-11-13 Electrical steel sheet provided with coating derived from a carbohydrate and a methylol resin Expired - Lifetime US3865616A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE14889/71A SE361673B (it) 1971-11-22 1971-11-22

Publications (1)

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US3865616A true US3865616A (en) 1975-02-11

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Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3865616A (it)
JP (1) JPS5148491B2 (it)
BE (1) BE791568A (it)
CA (1) CA992231A (it)
DE (1) DE2257085C3 (it)
FR (1) FR2160906B1 (it)
GB (1) GB1402152A (it)
IT (1) IT975800B (it)
SE (1) SE361673B (it)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4058403A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-11-15 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Refractory compositions
DE2732990A1 (de) * 1976-07-22 1978-01-26 Cpc International Inc Feste formmasse
US4168252A (en) * 1972-09-04 1979-09-18 Toshiaki Makino Process for manufacturing organosilicon synthetic resin from alkali pulp black liquor
US4239665A (en) * 1978-05-31 1980-12-16 Talres Development (N.A.) N.V. Novolak resins containing lactose and/or galactose
US4339361A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-07-13 Fiberglas Canada, Inc. Phenol-formaldehyde resins extended with carbohydrates for use in binder compositions
US4524164A (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-06-18 Chemical Process Corporation Thermosetting adhesive resins
US4654259A (en) * 1984-02-14 1987-03-31 Carbocol Inc. Method and composition for bonding solid lignocellulosic material
US4814039A (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-03-21 H. B. Fuller Company Substantially viscosity stable moisture-resistant corrugated board adhesive

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3144158C2 (de) * 1981-11-06 1995-04-06 Hoechst Ag Schadstofffrei vernetzendes Resol, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1209165A (en) * 1913-03-05 1916-12-19 Gen Bakelite Company Phenolic condensation product.
US2427966A (en) * 1943-11-16 1947-09-23 Hirschler Carl Jonathan Welding electrode coating composition
US2781328A (en) * 1953-05-06 1957-02-12 Agrashell Inc Phenolic resin glue compositions containing hydrolyzed ligno-cellulosic degradation products
US3313745A (en) * 1962-02-22 1967-04-11 Klug Oluf Walther Henry Process for producing foam bodies from sulfite waste liquor and a foam product produced according to the process

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1209165A (en) * 1913-03-05 1916-12-19 Gen Bakelite Company Phenolic condensation product.
US2427966A (en) * 1943-11-16 1947-09-23 Hirschler Carl Jonathan Welding electrode coating composition
US2781328A (en) * 1953-05-06 1957-02-12 Agrashell Inc Phenolic resin glue compositions containing hydrolyzed ligno-cellulosic degradation products
US3313745A (en) * 1962-02-22 1967-04-11 Klug Oluf Walther Henry Process for producing foam bodies from sulfite waste liquor and a foam product produced according to the process

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4168252A (en) * 1972-09-04 1979-09-18 Toshiaki Makino Process for manufacturing organosilicon synthetic resin from alkali pulp black liquor
US4058403A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-11-15 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Refractory compositions
DE2732990A1 (de) * 1976-07-22 1978-01-26 Cpc International Inc Feste formmasse
US4085075A (en) * 1976-07-22 1978-04-18 Cpc International Inc. Carbohydrate thermoset resins
US4239665A (en) * 1978-05-31 1980-12-16 Talres Development (N.A.) N.V. Novolak resins containing lactose and/or galactose
US4339361A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-07-13 Fiberglas Canada, Inc. Phenol-formaldehyde resins extended with carbohydrates for use in binder compositions
US4524164A (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-06-18 Chemical Process Corporation Thermosetting adhesive resins
US4654259A (en) * 1984-02-14 1987-03-31 Carbocol Inc. Method and composition for bonding solid lignocellulosic material
US4814039A (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-03-21 H. B. Fuller Company Substantially viscosity stable moisture-resistant corrugated board adhesive

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2257085A1 (de) 1973-05-24
FR2160906B1 (it) 1977-09-02
IT975800B (it) 1974-08-10
FR2160906A1 (it) 1973-07-06
BE791568A (fr) 1973-03-16
JPS5148491B2 (it) 1976-12-21
DE2257085C3 (de) 1978-08-17
DE2257085B2 (de) 1977-12-08
CA992231A (en) 1976-06-29
GB1402152A (en) 1975-08-06
JPS4863300A (it) 1973-09-03
SE361673B (it) 1973-11-12

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