US3882445A - Compression-wave alarm system - Google Patents

Compression-wave alarm system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3882445A
US3882445A US400187A US40018773A US3882445A US 3882445 A US3882445 A US 3882445A US 400187 A US400187 A US 400187A US 40018773 A US40018773 A US 40018773A US 3882445 A US3882445 A US 3882445A
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United States
Prior art keywords
compression
conduit
wave
coupling
receiving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US400187A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clarence L Hamilton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fort James Corp
Original Assignee
Crown Zellerbach Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Crown Zellerbach Corp filed Critical Crown Zellerbach Corp
Priority to US400187A priority Critical patent/US3882445A/en
Priority to CA209,832A priority patent/CA1032834A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3882445A publication Critical patent/US3882445A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G08B13/1654—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems
    • G08B13/1681—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems using infrasonic detecting means, e.g. a microphone operating below the audible frequency range

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An alarm system which uses compression waves carried in pipes as the vehicle for telegraphing information.
  • the system includes a compression wave generator and receiver connected to a conduit system to communicate with one another.
  • a device such as an openable coupling in the conduit system, is so connected to a protected facility that an intrusion thereinto actuates the device to disturb waves then being carried in the conduit system. This disturbance is sensed by the receiver, and used to effect an alarm.
  • This invention pertains to an alarm system, and more particularly, to such a system which uses compression waves as the vehicle for transmitting alarm information.
  • a general object of the present invention is to provide a novel alarm system which is readily usable in conjunction with materials like those named,
  • the system includes: a generating means which is operable to generate a compression wave having the frequency and power characteristics desired; a receiving means which is capable of detecting the presence of such a wave; a conduit system which operatively interconnects the generating and receiving means and contains a medium suitable for transmitting the compression waves produced by the generating means; and a means connected to the conduit system which can be associated with the protected facility, and which is operable, on an intrusion into that facility, to introduce a disturbance into the compression waves then being carried in the conduit system, which disturbance is noted by the receiving means.
  • a suitable output means is connected to the receiving means for producing an operative output signal on the receiving means noting such a disturbance.
  • compression waves used as described these can easily and safely be piped into and about a facility containing combustible materials without introducing any fire hazard.
  • the means employed to produce an operative output signal may be located at a suitable remote distance from the protected facility, and may safely be used to generate, if desired, an electrical alarm signal.
  • this output means might be used to turn on a lamp or a bell at some remote location, or it might be used to turn on
  • the means used to create a disturbance in the waves carried in the conduit system may take various forms, all of which may be relatively simple and inexpensive in construction and installation.
  • a preferred disturbing means takes the form of an openable coupling which connects different portions of the conduit system, and which includes relatively movable parts that may be attached to a door or window in a facility.
  • intrusion into the facility opens the coupling, and reduces the power level of compression waves received by the receiving means.
  • the receiving means On the receiving means noting a predetermined reduction in the power of received waves, it causes the output means mentioned above to produce its output signal.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified view of an installation of the alarm system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view taken generally along the line 2-2 in FIG. 1, and showing details of a coupling used in the system of FIG. 1; and FIG. 3 is a view, on about the same scale as FIG. 2, taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 2, and further illustrating the coupling in the system.
  • FIG. 1 indicated generally at 10 is a storage building or facility which is used to house dynamite.
  • the building includes the usual exterior walls 12, in one of which, as can be seen in the figure, is provided a door 14.
  • a compression-wave alarm system which is connected to provide supervisory security control with respect to use of door 14.
  • system 16 includes a sonic-wave transmitter, or generating means, 20, and a sonic-wave receiver, or receiving means, 22. These two components of the system are shown within block 18 to indicate that they are located preferably adjacent one another, and at a location suitably remote from building 10.
  • Transmitter 20 and receiver 22 are preferably conventional electrically energized devices, located about 50 feet or more from building 10. Details of construction of the transmitter and receiver are not important, and thus these devices are shown only in block form.
  • transmitter 20 comprises a variablepower audio oscillator whose output is connected to a suitable sonic transducer, such as a loudspeaker. While various sonic frequencies may be used, a frequency which has been found to be satisfactory is 2,000 Hz., and the oscillator in transmitter 20 operates on this frequency.
  • Receiver 22 takes the form of a conventional dynamic microphone coupled to a suitable amplifier circuitwhose output is connected to'the coil 24a of a solenoid, or output means, 24. Solenoid 24 also includes a normally open switch 24b. Receiver 22 is so adjusted that with its microphone receiving 2,000 Hz. waves above a selected power level, solenoid 24 remains nonenergized. The receiver energizes the solenoid on the received-wave power level dropping below this selected level.
  • conduit system 16 which herein takes the form of a pair of elongated pipes, or conduit sections, 26, 28. While various sizes and styles of pipes may be used, /2 inch I.D. plastic pipe, and appropriate fittings, have been found to work satisfactorily, and are used in the system shown. What might be thought of as the input end, or terminal, of pipe 26 is suitably coupled to the loudspeaker in transmitter 20, with this pipe then extending from the loudspeaker toward and into building 10. For maximum security, it is desirable that this pipe be placed underground, and be hidden where it emerges from the ground both to connect with the transmitter and to enter the building. Such is the case in the installation shown in FIG. 1.
  • Pipe 28 follows a similar path, with what might be thought of as its discharge end, or terminal, suitably coupled to the microphone in receiver 22, and its input end extending into building 10. It should be noted that the exact paths which the pipes follow are not critical, and need not be exactly as depicted in FIG. 1.
  • those ends of pipes 26, 28 which are inside building are interconnected through an openable coupling, shown generally at 30, which coupling is also referred to as a compression-wave disturbing means.
  • coupling 30 is also closed, and provides a substantially closed connection between the adjacent ends of pipes 26, 28.
  • coupling 30 is so mounted adjacent door 14 that opening of the door also opens the coupling, and hence the connection between the pipes.
  • the coupling includes inner and outer coupling parts 30a, 30b, respectively.
  • Inner coupling part 30a receives the ends of pipes 26, 28 through fittings 32, 34, respectively.
  • Part 30a includes bores 36, 38 which communicate through fittings 32, 34, respectively, with pipes 26, 28, respectively.
  • Part 30a is mounted (see particularly FIG. 2) adjacent the top of the door opening provided for door 14.
  • Coupling part 30b is suitably secured to the upper margin of door 14, in a position wherein, with the door closed (as shown in the figures) it mates with part 30a.
  • Part 30b includes an elongated recess 40 extending partway across its face which confronts coupling part 30a. This recess, with the coupling parts mated, forms a substantially closed connection between bores 36, 38. This can clearly be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • a signaling device 46 which, may, for example, be a radio-frequency transmitter. This transmitter, like the components shown within block 18, must be located a suitable safe distance from building 10. Closure of switch 24b energizes transmitter 46. Transmitter 46 is set up to transmit a signal to some remote monitoring station.
  • coupling 30 opens up, whereupon the power level of waves received by receiver 22 drops.
  • Receiver 22 then energizes solenoid 24, with resultant energizing of transmitter 46.
  • system 16 provides an alarm system affording the various advantages described earlier. Its safety for use in conjunction with combustible materials is apparent.
  • One advantage of the particular system disclosed herein is that the pipes in the conduit system need not necessarily be buried for security reasons. Were the pipes exposed, for example, and were an intruder to tamper with a pipe, as by breaking it, this would produce a power loss to which the receiver would respond with an alarm signal.
  • a compression-wave alarm system for detecting an intrusion at-a selected location in a facility through detecting relative movement between parts in the facility which parts move relative to one another with an intrusion at said location, said system in operative condition comprising conduit means defining a space independent of open space within said facility adapted to contain a compression-wave-transmitting medium,
  • receiving means operatively coupled to said conduit means for receiving a compression wave carried in said conduit means
  • compression-wave disturbing means forming a portion of said conduit means, in the effective conduction path therein coupling said generating and receiving means, and operatively coupled to said parts, said disturbing means on the occurrence of an intrusion at said selected location, disturbing and thereby altering the characteristics of a compression wave produced by said generating means and carried in said conduit means through modifying the effective conduction path coupling the generating and receiving means, and
  • output means operatively connected to said receiving means for producing an output signal on said receiving means receiving a compression wave having characteristics differing from said predetermined characteristics.
  • said disturbing means comprises a device whose physical configuration changes on the occurrence of relative movement between said parts.
  • a compression-wave alarm system for monitoring the use of an entry into a facility where such entry is of the type including an opening and a movable closure means mounted thereadjacent for opening and closing the opening, said system comprising a pair of elongated spaced-apart conduit sections each including an access terminal, and each being adapted to contain a compression-wavetransmitting medium,
  • changeable-configuration compression-wave disturb ing means operatively coupling said one and other conduit sections and adapted for operative association with said entry, said disturbing means when so associated with said entry, and on use of the entry, operating to disturb and thereby alter the characteristics of a compression wave traveling in said conduit sections between said access terminals, said disturbing means including a pair of relatively movable parts constructed to form an openable coupling between the conduit sections, which coupling opens on use of said entry and under circumstances with the disturbing means operatively associated with the entry, and
  • output means operatively connected to said receiving means for producing an output signal on said receiving means receiving a compression wave hav ing characteristics differing from said predetermined characteristics.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
US400187A 1973-09-24 1973-09-24 Compression-wave alarm system Expired - Lifetime US3882445A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US400187A US3882445A (en) 1973-09-24 1973-09-24 Compression-wave alarm system
CA209,832A CA1032834A (fr) 1973-09-24 1974-09-20 Systeme d'alarme sur fermeture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US400187A US3882445A (en) 1973-09-24 1973-09-24 Compression-wave alarm system

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US3882445A true US3882445A (en) 1975-05-06

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US400187A Expired - Lifetime US3882445A (en) 1973-09-24 1973-09-24 Compression-wave alarm system

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CA (1) CA1032834A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180166841A1 (en) * 2016-11-11 2018-06-14 Shenzhen Ivps Technology Co., Ltd. Battery compartment and electronic cigarette having same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2883861A (en) * 1957-06-14 1959-04-28 Sperry Prod Inc Liquid level indicator
US2903683A (en) * 1957-02-25 1959-09-08 Kidde & Co Walter Sensitivity control of apparatus for detecting disturbances in an enclosure
US3183499A (en) * 1963-07-03 1965-05-11 Richard G Cowen High directivity solid curtain perimeter intrusion system
US3289192A (en) * 1964-04-10 1966-11-29 Peter G Davey Air flow monitoring enclosure intrusion alarm having retarded flowmeter
US3438021A (en) * 1965-07-26 1969-04-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Perimeter intrusion alarm
US3500952A (en) * 1967-12-20 1970-03-17 Pitney Bowes Inc Acoustical sensing device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2903683A (en) * 1957-02-25 1959-09-08 Kidde & Co Walter Sensitivity control of apparatus for detecting disturbances in an enclosure
US2883861A (en) * 1957-06-14 1959-04-28 Sperry Prod Inc Liquid level indicator
US3183499A (en) * 1963-07-03 1965-05-11 Richard G Cowen High directivity solid curtain perimeter intrusion system
US3289192A (en) * 1964-04-10 1966-11-29 Peter G Davey Air flow monitoring enclosure intrusion alarm having retarded flowmeter
US3438021A (en) * 1965-07-26 1969-04-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Perimeter intrusion alarm
US3500952A (en) * 1967-12-20 1970-03-17 Pitney Bowes Inc Acoustical sensing device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180166841A1 (en) * 2016-11-11 2018-06-14 Shenzhen Ivps Technology Co., Ltd. Battery compartment and electronic cigarette having same
US10193290B2 (en) * 2016-11-11 2019-01-29 Shenzhen Ivps Technology Co., Ltd. Battery compartment and electronic cigarette having same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1032834A (fr) 1978-06-13

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