US3904529A - Gas discharge apparatus - Google Patents

Gas discharge apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3904529A
US3904529A US494024A US46353674A US3904529A US 3904529 A US3904529 A US 3904529A US 494024 A US494024 A US 494024A US 46353674 A US46353674 A US 46353674A US 3904529 A US3904529 A US 3904529A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
needles
cylinder
gas
reaction
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Expired - Lifetime
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US494024A
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English (en)
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Adir Jacob
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LFE Corp
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LFE Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
    • D04B35/10—Indicating, warning, or safety devices, e.g. stop motions
    • D04B35/18—Indicating, warning, or safety devices, e.g. stop motions responsive to breakage, misplacement, or malfunctioning of knitting instruments

Definitions

  • Said apparatus comprises at least an optical fiber having an end of a small sectional area and disposed to detect light reflections from one of hooks or latch portions of dial and cylinder needles mounted on the circular knitting machine, a light receiver unit operatively coupled to the other end of said optical fiber and including a photo-electric converter element, and an electric circuit for transforming a variation in signal representative of said light reflections produced by said light receiver unit into a corresponding variation of an electrical quantity.
  • a photo-electric detection system is rather increasingly used for automatically detecting defects in a web knitted by a circular knitting machine.
  • the detection In order to monitor heads or points of the knitting needles, the detection has to be performed when the knitting needles are projected.
  • the detection In case of the circular knitting machine, the detection must be made at a position adjacent to the yarn feeder or at the position where the needles are at least partially projected. Accordingly, it is necessary to use a detector of a very small size. Particularly, in case of a circular knitting machine which has needles arranged at a high density and is rotated at a relatively high speed, the thickness of the needle head is only of 0.3 to 0.4 mm and therefore a detector head of a special design was required for the valid detection. I
  • the present invention has overcome the above difficulties by using an optical fiber or fiber bundle having a diameter of ca. 0.5 mm as the detector head.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a needle defect detection apparatus comprising an optical fiber bundle for detecting the defects of the needles as variations in light reflected from the needle head and impinging onto the exposed end of the optical fiber.
  • oil mist is used for lubrication. Because no optical lens system is employed in conjunction with the optical fiber bundle in the apparatus of the present invention, the use of oil mist will provide substantially noobstacle for the light receiving function, since the'adhesion of oil mist to the optical lens does not come into question. Additionally, the apparatus according to the invention may be operated under sufficiently stabilized condition without being subjected to disturbance by dispersed yarn dusts.
  • the apparatus allows the use of all electronic components for an electric signal processing circuit as well as alarming circuit for a control section except for a mechanism which serves to stop the operation of the knitting machine by means of relay contacts.
  • the electronic signal processing circuit includes a means for converting the interval period between succeeding adjacent pulses produced by two adjacent knitting needles into a voltage wave form having a corresponding amplitude and a circuit for producing a signal to stop the operation of the knitting machine when there occurs a voltage of an abnormal amplitude twice as great as said corresponding amplitude. Due to such circuit arrangement, the detector apparatus of the present invention is prevented from being operated during the initiation phase of the machine operation until the machine attains a predetermined constant speed. The time span of the initiation phase may be arbitrarily selected. Additionally, the detector apparatus does not function during the deceleration phase of the machine operation as brought about by the signal representative of a defect of the needle.
  • a plurality of detector channels are provided, each having a display device such as a lamp so that the defective needle detected by a detector channel may be easily identified by the associated display lamp.
  • two detector heads i.e. one for dial needles and the other for cylinder needles will be sufficient.
  • four detector heads are required.
  • the cylinder needles of which are operated in the so-called tuck position three detector heads, namely one for cylinder needles and two for dial needles are required.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially sectioned fragmental side view of a knitting portion of a circular knitting machine of a double needle type illustrating a detector apparatus according to the present invention mounted for monitoring hook portions of cylinder needles;
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a relationship between needles and actuating cams
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are front and side views, respectively, of a detector head for the hooks of cylinder needles mounted on a dial needle exchange cover;
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are front and side views, respectively, of a detector head mounted on an inherent yarn feeder of the machine for monitoring the hooks of dial needles;
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an electric circuit having two detector heads or channels.
  • reference numeral 1 indicates a dial provided with a dial cover 2.
  • Numeral 3 denotes dial cams for controlling the operation of dial needles 4.
  • Reference numeral 5 denotes a needle cylinder provided with a cylinder cover 6.
  • Cylinder cams 7 are also arranged for operating cylinder needles 8.
  • reference letter A represents hook portions of the needles 4 and 8, respectively, while character B denotes latch portions of the respective needles 4 and 8.
  • Letter C denotes bretts each of which constitutes a part of the needles 4 and 8 and is adapted to cooperate with the associated cam to move the needle reciprocately.
  • Reference numeral 9 indicates an end portion of an optical fiber bundle which end portion is held in a position apart from the hook portion A for a distance less than a few millimeters and serves as a sensor or detector head.
  • the optical fiber bundle 9' is accommodated within a holding metal tube 10 and operatively coupled to a light signal receiver unit '11 comprising a photoelectric converter element and an amplifier in a form of an integrated circuit.
  • the receiver unit 11 in'turn is electrically connected to a control section for processing electric signals, as will be hereinafter described.
  • Numeral 12 indicates a light emission or illuminating element energized by dc. current from which ripple components have been completely removed.
  • the light emission element12 as well as the light receiver unit 11 are supported by a frame 13 which is mounted on the cylinder cover 2 at 14 removably so that the frame 13 together with the light emission element 12 and the receiver unit 11 may be removed or moved away from the needle heads so as to facilitate manual works such as exchange of yarns or the like.
  • An arrow D indicates the direction into which knitted web is fed or forwarded.
  • numeral 15 denotes cams for pushing the needles 4 and 8 to respective middle or intermediate positions generally called tuck posi tion
  • numeral 16 indicates cams for returning these needles 4 and 8 from the tuck positions to the starting positions.
  • cams 17 serve to push the needles to the outermost positions, which needles are then moved backwards by respective cams 18.
  • Dots 19 schematically indicate the positions of the bretts. The outermost positions of the needles for latching yarns into the hooks are indicated by numeral 20 and the tuck positions are denoted by reference numeral 21.
  • Arrow E indicates the direction in which the dial 1 or cylinder 5 carrying its needles is rotated.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show a detector head for the hooks of cylinder needles.
  • reference numeral 22 indicates an inherently provided portion of the machine for exchanging the dial needles.
  • the detector head may be easily mounted on this dial needle exchange portion 22 in a simple manner.
  • a plate 23 is provided for mechanically connecting the detector head to the dial needle exchanging cover 22.
  • the light receiver unit 11 and the light emission element 12 are supported and secured to the plate 23 by means of a member 24.
  • the light receiver unit 11 is electrically connected to a control section by way of an electric cable 25.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B show a detector head for the hooks of dial needles.
  • yarn fed to the knitting machine is indicated by reference numeral 26.
  • blocks 27 indicate amplifier and shaper circuits in which electric signalsproduced by the units 11 in response to the optical inputs from the detector.
  • head or optical fiber bundles are converted into rectangular wave pulses of narrow pulse width.
  • converter circuits 28 Connected to the outputs of the circuits 27 are converter circuits 28 which are arranged so as to transform normally a distance or interval between the succeeding adjacent pulses into an analog voltage signal of a corresponding magnitude and produce a voltage of the amplitude twice as high as said magnitude when a failure or defect is detected in a single needle.
  • Blocks 29 represent limiter. circuits which are switched fromone state to another state when the associated output voltages from the circuits 28 vary from the normal amplitude to the high level as above stated. The circuits.
  • the circuit 29 is constructed in a form of a priority the pulse interval becomes disordered, any defect representative outputs of the circuits 28 will not exert any influences on this stopping phase of the machine operation.
  • the switching circuit 32 Upon initiation of the circular knitting machine, the switching circuit 32 is automatically released from the locked state.
  • a timer relay maybe employed in order to inhibit the defect detecting function of the photo-electronic systems until the machine has attained a predetermined constant speed.
  • Apparatus for detecting defects of needles for unit into a corresponding variation of an electrical signal whereby a possible defect of said component is detected to thereby prevent knitting defects from for stopping the operation of the circular knitting machine when the voltage from said circuitry attains a level greater than said predetermined amplitude.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
US494024A 1973-04-27 1974-04-24 Gas discharge apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3904529A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1973051441U JPS50267U (ja) 1973-04-27 1973-04-27

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US3904529A true US3904529A (en) 1975-09-09

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JP (1) JPS50267U (ja)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027982A (en) * 1975-04-23 1977-06-07 Kyodo Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Needle detector for circular knitting machines
US5524460A (en) * 1992-05-26 1996-06-11 Microtex Sas Di Dott. L. Michetti Device for continously monitoring the needles of a knitting machine during operation thereof
US6031220A (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-02-29 Berg Technology, Inc. No touch machine trigger system
US6035669A (en) * 1999-05-28 2000-03-14 Monarch Knitting Machinery Corp. Apparatus and method for detecting broken hooks of needles in a knitting machine
US6318132B1 (en) 2001-03-19 2001-11-20 Monarch Knitting Machinery Corp. Apparatus and method for detecting broken hooks of needles in a knitting machine, and needles for use with same
US6691534B1 (en) * 1999-05-31 2004-02-17 Protechna Herbst Gmbh & Co. Kg Light-scanning head for knitting-machine needles, a corresponding light-scanning system and method for checking knitting-machine needles, using said light-scanning system
CN103225166A (zh) * 2013-04-23 2013-07-31 慈溪太阳洲纺织科技有限公司 圆桶形针织机和圆桶形针织机上的织针损坏监测方法
US20180282915A1 (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-04 Nike, Inc. Knitting machine with electronic auxiliary component

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2849357A (en) * 1951-12-28 1958-08-26 Olin Mathieson Hydrazine
US3410776A (en) * 1966-02-01 1968-11-12 Lab For Electronics Inc Gas reaction apparatus
US3428548A (en) * 1966-09-27 1969-02-18 Lab For Electronics Inc Plasma reaction system for reacting a gas with a non-gaseous material
US3437864A (en) * 1966-08-29 1969-04-08 Boeing Co Method of producing high temperature,low pressure plasma
US3503711A (en) * 1965-12-23 1970-03-31 Gen Electric Ammonia detection apparatus and method
US3526584A (en) * 1964-09-25 1970-09-01 Western Electric Co Method of providing a field free region above a substrate during sputter-depositing thereon
US3536602A (en) * 1967-01-27 1970-10-27 Gen Electric Glow inhibiting method for glow discharge apparatus
US3573192A (en) * 1968-08-19 1971-03-30 Int Plasma Corp Plasma generating apparatus
US3616461A (en) * 1969-12-05 1971-10-26 Lfe Corp Apparatus for exciting a gas by means of an electrodeless discharge
US3619403A (en) * 1970-06-30 1971-11-09 Lfe Corp Gas reaction apparatus
US3647676A (en) * 1968-08-19 1972-03-07 Int Plasma Corp Method and apparatus for reacting ionized gas with a non-gaseous substance
US3671195A (en) * 1968-08-19 1972-06-20 Int Plasma Corp Method and apparatus for ashing organic substance
US3674666A (en) * 1970-08-19 1972-07-04 Richard N Foster Enhancing reaction rates
US3705091A (en) * 1971-10-05 1972-12-05 Lfe Corp Gas discharge apparatus
US3775621A (en) * 1972-12-29 1973-11-27 Lfe Corp Gas reaction apparatus

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2849357A (en) * 1951-12-28 1958-08-26 Olin Mathieson Hydrazine
US3526584A (en) * 1964-09-25 1970-09-01 Western Electric Co Method of providing a field free region above a substrate during sputter-depositing thereon
US3503711A (en) * 1965-12-23 1970-03-31 Gen Electric Ammonia detection apparatus and method
US3410776A (en) * 1966-02-01 1968-11-12 Lab For Electronics Inc Gas reaction apparatus
US3437864A (en) * 1966-08-29 1969-04-08 Boeing Co Method of producing high temperature,low pressure plasma
US3428548A (en) * 1966-09-27 1969-02-18 Lab For Electronics Inc Plasma reaction system for reacting a gas with a non-gaseous material
US3536602A (en) * 1967-01-27 1970-10-27 Gen Electric Glow inhibiting method for glow discharge apparatus
US3573192A (en) * 1968-08-19 1971-03-30 Int Plasma Corp Plasma generating apparatus
US3647676A (en) * 1968-08-19 1972-03-07 Int Plasma Corp Method and apparatus for reacting ionized gas with a non-gaseous substance
US3671195A (en) * 1968-08-19 1972-06-20 Int Plasma Corp Method and apparatus for ashing organic substance
US3616461A (en) * 1969-12-05 1971-10-26 Lfe Corp Apparatus for exciting a gas by means of an electrodeless discharge
US3619403A (en) * 1970-06-30 1971-11-09 Lfe Corp Gas reaction apparatus
US3674666A (en) * 1970-08-19 1972-07-04 Richard N Foster Enhancing reaction rates
US3705091A (en) * 1971-10-05 1972-12-05 Lfe Corp Gas discharge apparatus
US3775621A (en) * 1972-12-29 1973-11-27 Lfe Corp Gas reaction apparatus

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027982A (en) * 1975-04-23 1977-06-07 Kyodo Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Needle detector for circular knitting machines
US5524460A (en) * 1992-05-26 1996-06-11 Microtex Sas Di Dott. L. Michetti Device for continously monitoring the needles of a knitting machine during operation thereof
US6031220A (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-02-29 Berg Technology, Inc. No touch machine trigger system
US6035669A (en) * 1999-05-28 2000-03-14 Monarch Knitting Machinery Corp. Apparatus and method for detecting broken hooks of needles in a knitting machine
US6691534B1 (en) * 1999-05-31 2004-02-17 Protechna Herbst Gmbh & Co. Kg Light-scanning head for knitting-machine needles, a corresponding light-scanning system and method for checking knitting-machine needles, using said light-scanning system
US6318132B1 (en) 2001-03-19 2001-11-20 Monarch Knitting Machinery Corp. Apparatus and method for detecting broken hooks of needles in a knitting machine, and needles for use with same
CN103225166A (zh) * 2013-04-23 2013-07-31 慈溪太阳洲纺织科技有限公司 圆桶形针织机和圆桶形针织机上的织针损坏监测方法
US20180282915A1 (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-04 Nike, Inc. Knitting machine with electronic auxiliary component
US10655254B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2020-05-19 Nike, Inc. Knitting machine with electronic auxiliary component
US11286594B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2022-03-29 Nike, Inc. Knitting machine with electronic auxiliary component

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Publication number Publication date
JPS50267U (ja) 1975-01-06

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