US3921545A - Conveyor installation with a screw conveyor - Google Patents

Conveyor installation with a screw conveyor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3921545A
US3921545A US498062A US49806274A US3921545A US 3921545 A US3921545 A US 3921545A US 498062 A US498062 A US 498062A US 49806274 A US49806274 A US 49806274A US 3921545 A US3921545 A US 3921545A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
outlet
damper
compression chamber
closure member
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US498062A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter Ruegsegger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CH1216573A external-priority patent/CH569927A5/de
Priority claimed from CH454974A external-priority patent/CH580782A5/de
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Publication of US3921545A publication Critical patent/US3921545A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G33/00—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors
    • B65G33/08—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials
    • B65G33/14—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials comprising a screw or screws enclosed in a tubular housing
    • B65G33/22—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials comprising a screw or screws enclosed in a tubular housing with means for retarding material flow at the delivery end of the housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 A first figure.
  • FIGJ. 1 A first figure.
  • the present invention relates to a furnace arrangement including a conveyor installation with a screw conveyor for solid combustible material, more particularly wood waste or chips, whose weights by volume vary at times.
  • the fuel introduced into the combustion chamber must be in a predetermined and as far as possible constant ratio with the quantity of air for combustion.
  • the conventional conveyor installations feed a certain weight by volume of fuel to such furnaces by means of screw conveyors. Since different types of such wood wastes usually occur at random in the fuel bun- .kers from which the screw conveyors extract the fuel consisting of wood waste, i.e., they are badly mixed and often in layers, as for example light shavings and heavy sawdust, these known conveyor installations usually convey at short intervals fuels having greatly varying weights per unit volume into the furnace. Consequently, there is always a strongly varying fuel quantity supplied to the same furnace chamber and in relation to the predetermined combustion air quantity.
  • the furnaces are thus alternately overloaded or underloaded with fuel, the good mixing of the combustion gases with the air for combustion seldom occurs and the firing temperature is accordingly often too low. This leads to the well known inadequate combustion installations which no longer satisfy the conditions for environmental protection. In addition, with such installations, the danger exists of a back firing from the furnace chamber into the bunker or hopper for the wood waste.
  • German Pat. No. 63,923 describes a machine for pressing plastic masses, which comprises a pressing member disposed inside the pressing chamber.
  • This pressing member inside the pressing chamber can consequently only be used for pressing fluid plastic compositions because the compressed material ejected from a compression chamber with a pressing member mounted in front of it cannot possible be forced through beneath a rotatable surface of this pressing member firmly anchored in the pressing chamber since this pressed material already compressed to a certain volume is much too solid.
  • German Pat. No. 591,629 the compression of the fuel is effected by the combustion tube and the screw tapering towards their outlet end.
  • This method of compressing the fuel produces an irregular weight by volume of the fuel because the compression of the fuel is effected according to the tapering of the screw and of the burner tube and not according to the counteracting pressure of a presser member arranged following the chamber.
  • the compression takes place exclusively according to the tapering of the burner tube and it cannot be adjusted or altered. Consequently, there is no balancing of the weight by volume but only a uniform reduction of the volume of the fuel.
  • the invention has for its object the design of a conveyor installation which largely avoids this disadvantage which is caused by the changing weight by volume of the fuels, the invention improving the safety against back firing of the conveyor installation.
  • the conveyor installation according to the invention is characterized by a means for equalizing or balancing the changes in the weight by volume of the solid combustible material.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a conveyor installation with a slide member or damper arranged in front of the fuel chamber outlet and also a furnace chamber which is covered by a second damper.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through the conveyor installation of FIG. 1, with the first damper withdrawn and the furnace chamber opened.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through a conveyor installation similar to FIG. 1, with the first damper applied under pressure and a pressing piston for the initial pressing of the combustible material in the pressing chamber.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the conveyor installation according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section through another conveyor installation with a damper arranged before the fuel chamber outlet, a spring ring provided with resilient tongues mounted before the damper and for compressing the conveyed wood waste and also with a furnace chamber covered by a second damper.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section through the conveyor installation according to FIG. 5 in the position for feeding, immediately before the shutting off thereof upon reaching the upper fuel level in the combustion chamber.
  • the conveyor installations which are shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 comprise screw conveyor 1 which is mounted in conveyor trough 2.
  • the conveyor trough 2 is continued either directly (according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 4) or by way of a gravity shaft 27 (according to FIG. 3), into pressing chamber 4.
  • the pressing chamber 4 opens into furnace chamber 3.
  • the screw 1 terminates in front of pressing chamber 4.
  • the combustible material conveyed by screw 1 is compressed by screw 1 itself or by piston 24. (FIG. 3) so that no immovable plug is able to be formed in chamber 4, the chamber being widened conically towards the outlet thereof.
  • damper 5 In order to press in chamber 4 the wood waste materials which arrive with a varying weight by volume, damper 5 is disposed before the outlet of the chamber, the damper shutting off chamber 4 from the furnace chamber side.
  • counterweight 25 As well as or instead of loaded roller 6, it is possible to provide counterweight 25 (FIG. 3).
  • spring 7 and of counterweight 25 By adjustment of spring 7 and of counterweight 25, respectively, the pressing force which acts on damper 5 can be adjusted, as required, so as to make possible the suitable setting of an optimal weight by volume of the fuel.
  • the roller 6 is secured in holder 8 which at the same time partially covers furnace chamber 3 and is displaceably mounted in guide means 9.
  • the damper 5 is displaceably fixed in guides 10 and 11 and on push rod 12 of thrust motor 13.
  • the push rod 12 is provided with holding ring I4. With outward movement of push rod 12 from thrust motor 13, holding ring 14 presses on spring 15 which, in turn, slides the damper against that end of the fuel plug meanwhile ejected from chamber 4.
  • the free end of slide member or damper 5 is formed as a cutting edge so that, when damper ispushed out downwardly, the plug of fuel emerging from chamber 4 is cut off at the outlet of chamber 4 and the latter is closed by damper S.
  • damper If the damper is, for example, unable to cut through the combustible material because of a foreign body in the latter, spring is compressed and neither a blocking of thrust motor 13 nor a permanent deformation or breakage of a component of the conveyor installation is caused.
  • the thrust motor 13 for its part is pivotally fixed on holding means 16.
  • limit switch 17 Arranged above guide means 9 for roller 6 is limit switch 17. If slide member or damper 5, and thus holding device 8, is forced back against the pressure of spring 7 by the fuel leaving chamber 4, damper 5, after a certain outward swinging movement (FIG. 3) actuates limit switch 17 which switches on thrust motor 13. Together with motor 13, another thrust motor 23 is also switched on, this latter motor retracting second damper 18 which is connected to it and which closes the furnace chamber in an upward direction so that the access to furnace chamber 3 becomes free. After the upward movement of damper 5, this is once again forced into its closing position by spring 7 as regards pivotal angle (vertical position according to FIG. 2), but is disposed above the plug of fuel issuing from the chamber. The thrust motor 13 is so adjusted that slide member or damper 5, after swinging back into its normal position, is immediately pushed again into the initial position before the outlet of pressing chamber 4 and cuts off the plug of fuel which has previously been discussed and which falls from above into furnace chamber 3.
  • the installation as described is extremely simple in its construction and is consequently reliable in operation. Despite the occurrence of different weights by volume in the conveyor installation, it permits a feeding of a substantially constant quantity of fuel per unit of time, so'that the combustion can take place with the best possible composition.
  • the fuel compressed in the conveyor installation naturally offers an excellent safeguard against back-firing from the furnace installation into the fuel bunker.
  • the compression ratio of the arriving fuel can be modified with easy access from outside.
  • the chamber In order to prevent a blocking of the chamber after the pressing of the fuel has taken place, the chamber is widened slightly conically towards its outlet.
  • furnace chamber 3 is directly connected to the fuel bunker only for a very short time period.
  • a special sensing member constructed as a flap, shuts off the conveyor installation as soon as the furnace chamber has been filled to a certain fuel level. When the level falls below a certain low position, the supply of fuel is switched on again, controlled by this flap.
  • a suitable resilient connection between thrust motor and damper makes impossible a deformation of these parts, due to solid foreign bodies in the cutting plane of the damper closing the chamber, so that a blocking of the motor likewise cannot occur. Since in this case no fuel drops into the furnace chamber, the conveying of fuel continues to take place and the damper will cut through the fuel plug as soon as the foreign body is completely ejected from the chamber.
  • the installation can be so arranged that, when the conveyor installation itself is stationary, the chamber outlet is in every case closed off by the damper.
  • the conveyor installation which is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 comprises screw conveyor 41 which is mounted in conveyor trough 42.
  • the conveyor trough 42 is directly continued into pressing chamber 44.
  • This chamber 44 opens into furnace chamber 43.
  • spring ring 69 having spring blades sloping towards the chamber axis are arranged immediately before the conical widened portion, the blade's conically reducing the passage cross waste conveyed by screw 41 to a size which depends on the tension of the leaf springs of spring ring 69. This tension can beadjusted within acertain limit. It is also possible to adapt this pressing force to the material being conveyed byreplacing spring ring 69.Arranged at the outlet from conical chamber 44 is' slide member or damper 45 which shuts off chamber 44 towards the furnace chamber side.
  • a roller 46 which is loaded by spring 47, bears against damper 45.
  • the force which acts on damper 45 can be adjusted, as required by adjustment of spring 47.
  • the roller 46 is fixed in holding device 48 which at the same time partially covers furnace chamber 43 and is displaceably mounted in guide means 49.
  • the damper 45 is displaceably mounted in guides 50 and 51 and on push rod 52 of thrust motor 53.'The push rod 52 is provided with holding ring 54. With the projection of push rod 52 from motor 53, holding ring 54 acts on spring 55 which, in turn, moves the damper 45 towards that end of the fuel plug ejected from chamber 44.
  • damper 45 The free end of the damper 45 is formed as a cutting edge so that, with the downward movement of damper 45, the continuous length of fuel issuing from chamber 44 is cut off at the outlet of chamber 44 and the chamber is'closed by damper 4 5. This position is shown in FIG. 5. It moves immediately to the position according to FIG. 6, in which the permitted fuel level in the combustion chamber is reached and thrust motor 53 is controlled to move into the closed position, as will hereinafter be explained.
  • limit switch 57 Arranged above guide means 49 for roller 46 is limit switch 57.
  • damper 45 When the combustible material is ejected from the chamber and reaches damper 45, the latter and thus also holder 48 is forced back by the fuel leaving chamber 44 and against the pressure of spring 47.
  • the damper 45 then actuates limit switch 57 after a very small pivotal movement and the switch switches on motor 53.
  • another thrust motor 63 is switched on, which retracts second damper 58 which is connected to it and which closes the furnace chamber in a downward direction so that the access to furnace chamber 43 becomes free.
  • damper 45 After the upward movement of damper 45, the latter is once again forced into its closed position by spring 47.
  • damper 45 is disposed above the length of fuel emerging from chamber 44.
  • the length of fuel is now pushed forwards, corresponding to continuously revolving screw 41, where the fuel is compressed in predetermined manner by the leaf springs of spring ring 69 and is conveyed in this condition with the leaf springs open to a greater or lesser extent, corresponding to FIG. 6.
  • the combustible material is consequently compressed to a predetermined weight by volume.
  • the continuous length leaves chamber 44 and the leaf springs of spring ring 69 and moves forward in a horizontal direction until it strikes against a wall of the combustion chamber formed as deflecting wall 68, as indicated in 6 FIG. 6, and breaks up. It then enters the combustion chamber, as will be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • a furnace having a furnace chamber and a conveyor installation for supplying a solid combustible material to the furnace chamber
  • the conveyor installation comprising means for delivering the solid combustible material under pressure, a compression chamber having an inlet and an outlet, the delivering means being in communication with the compression chamber inlet to deliver the solid combustible material under pressure into the compression chamber, a closure member arrranged to close and open the outlet of the compression chamber selectively, the compression chamber outlet being in communication with the furnace chamber, control means operative to maintain the closure member in the closed position until a predetermined force exerted by the compressed material in the compression chamber on the closure member moves the closure member to open the outlet and again moves the closure member to close the outlet after the pressure of the delivering means has ejected compressed material into the furnace chamber through the open outlet, and a control element in the furnace chamber actuated by the level of the material in the furnace chamber for deactivating the material .delivering means.
  • the material delivering means being a screw conveyor feeding into the inlet of the compression chamber.
  • the conveyor installation comprising a screw conveyor having a delivery 7 end, a gravity material conveying conduit between the delivery end of the screw conveyor and the inlet of the compression chamber, and the delivering means being a piston arranged to deliver the material from the conveying conduit to the inlet of the compression chamber under pressure.
  • the actuated control element also moving the closure member to close the outlet of the compression chamber.
  • closure member being a damper arranged to be pivoted by the predetermined force to open the outlet
  • control means comprising means for loading the closure member with an adjustable force counteracting the pivoting of the damper
  • the loading means being an adjustable spring.
  • control means being arranged to operate the reciprocating means to slide the damper into the open position upon pivoting of the damper against the adjustable force, and to slide it into the closed position upon pivoting of the damper under the adjustable force in the open position, sliding of the damper from the open into the closed position 8 causing severing of the compressed material at the outlet of the compression chamber.
  • the damper comprising a forward cutting edge for facilitating severing of the compressed material.
  • a furnace having a furnace chamber and a conveyor installation for supplying a solid combustible material to the furnace chamber
  • the conveyor installation comprising means for delivering the solid combustible material under pressure, a compression chamber havingan inlet and an outlet, the delivering means being in communication with the compression chamber inlet to deliver the solid combustible material under pressure into the compression chamber, a closure member arranged to close and open the outlet of the compression chamber selectively, the compression chamber outlet being in communication with the furnace chamber, and control means operative to maintain the closure member in the closed position until a predetermined force exerted by the compressed material in the compression chamber on the closure member moves the closure member to open the outlet, the pressure of the delivered material against the closed closure member producing an air flow restraining and backfire preventing plug of the material in the compression chamber, and again to close the closure member after the pressure of the delivering means has ejected compressed material into the furnace chamber through the open outlet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
US498062A 1973-08-24 1974-08-16 Conveyor installation with a screw conveyor Expired - Lifetime US3921545A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1216573A CH569927A5 (en) 1973-08-24 1973-08-24 Waste wood fixed furnace auger feeder - variable density of chips is compensated by slider mechanism
CH454974A CH580782A5 (en) 1974-04-02 1974-04-02 Waste wood fixed furnace auger feeder - variable density of chips is compensated by slider mechanism

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3921545A true US3921545A (en) 1975-11-25

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US498062A Expired - Lifetime US3921545A (en) 1973-08-24 1974-08-16 Conveyor installation with a screw conveyor

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US (1) US3921545A (it)
AU (1) AU7241374A (it)
DE (1) DE2432487A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2241472B1 (it)
IT (1) IT1016608B (it)
SE (1) SE7408912L (it)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4233914A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-11-18 Wellons, Inc. Pressurized waste wood furnace system
US4339998A (en) * 1980-04-25 1982-07-20 James Finch Fuel level indicator
US4503782A (en) * 1983-04-13 1985-03-12 Helton Marty D Wood stove grate kit with low wood signal
US4996930A (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-03-05 Ogden Environmental Services, Inc. Feed system for incineration of contaminated material
US5069044A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-12-03 Prr Industries, Inc. Ice block press
US5784974A (en) * 1997-04-22 1998-07-28 General Signal Corporation System for improving fuel feed control of volumetric coal feeders
WO2001014796A1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-03-01 Pyrox Oy Method for feeding solid material into a reaction space, wherein solid material is consumed in the reaction
US20090158777A1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-25 Thomas Tenzler Method and Device for Recycling Mineral Wool Waste Containing Organic Components
US20130192478A1 (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-08-01 Mark E. Koenig Material waste sorting system and method
CN104048309A (zh) * 2014-05-19 2014-09-17 沈阳工程学院 一种秸秆捆烧锅炉进料系统
US20150247642A1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2015-09-03 Ys Co., Ltd. Air-cooled combustion furnace system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2497325B1 (fr) * 1980-12-29 1986-05-30 Aubrespy Francoise Bruleur utilisant des ordures menageres comme combustible
FR2543660B1 (fr) * 1983-03-29 1987-12-31 Hamon Joseph Alimentation automatique d'une chaudiere polycombustible
IT1301772B1 (it) * 1998-06-22 2000-07-07 Ecodeco Spa Dispositivo per alimentare ad un bruciatore un combustibile solido nontradizionale a bassa densita'.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2362701A (en) * 1941-10-17 1944-11-14 Gen Motors Corp Apparatus for making porous metal parts
US2978997A (en) * 1957-11-13 1961-04-11 Edgar M Pierce Method and apparatus for the continuous combustion of refuse and the like
US3513768A (en) * 1968-06-03 1970-05-26 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Material handling apparatus
US3570421A (en) * 1969-04-16 1971-03-16 Mini Municipals Inc Loader apparatus for loading incinerators and the like
US3685437A (en) * 1970-10-12 1972-08-22 Blower Applic Co Combined shredding, compacting and incinerating apparatus
US3760717A (en) * 1970-08-18 1973-09-25 Mil Pac Systems Inc Shredder-compactor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2362701A (en) * 1941-10-17 1944-11-14 Gen Motors Corp Apparatus for making porous metal parts
US2978997A (en) * 1957-11-13 1961-04-11 Edgar M Pierce Method and apparatus for the continuous combustion of refuse and the like
US3513768A (en) * 1968-06-03 1970-05-26 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Material handling apparatus
US3570421A (en) * 1969-04-16 1971-03-16 Mini Municipals Inc Loader apparatus for loading incinerators and the like
US3760717A (en) * 1970-08-18 1973-09-25 Mil Pac Systems Inc Shredder-compactor
US3685437A (en) * 1970-10-12 1972-08-22 Blower Applic Co Combined shredding, compacting and incinerating apparatus

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4233914A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-11-18 Wellons, Inc. Pressurized waste wood furnace system
US4339998A (en) * 1980-04-25 1982-07-20 James Finch Fuel level indicator
US4503782A (en) * 1983-04-13 1985-03-12 Helton Marty D Wood stove grate kit with low wood signal
US4996930A (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-03-05 Ogden Environmental Services, Inc. Feed system for incineration of contaminated material
US5069044A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-12-03 Prr Industries, Inc. Ice block press
US5784974A (en) * 1997-04-22 1998-07-28 General Signal Corporation System for improving fuel feed control of volumetric coal feeders
WO2001014796A1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-03-01 Pyrox Oy Method for feeding solid material into a reaction space, wherein solid material is consumed in the reaction
US6675727B1 (en) 1999-08-24 2004-01-13 Pyrox Oy Method for feeding solid material into a reaction space, wherein solid material is consumed in the reaction
US20090158777A1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-25 Thomas Tenzler Method and Device for Recycling Mineral Wool Waste Containing Organic Components
US20130192478A1 (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-08-01 Mark E. Koenig Material waste sorting system and method
US9586770B2 (en) * 2011-08-05 2017-03-07 Mark E. Koenig Material waste sorting system and method
US10640309B2 (en) 2011-08-05 2020-05-05 Mark E. Koenig Material waste sorting system and method
US20150247642A1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2015-09-03 Ys Co., Ltd. Air-cooled combustion furnace system
US9951957B2 (en) * 2012-09-13 2018-04-24 Ys Co., Ltd. Air-cooled combustion furnace system
CN104048309A (zh) * 2014-05-19 2014-09-17 沈阳工程学院 一种秸秆捆烧锅炉进料系统
CN104048309B (zh) * 2014-05-19 2017-02-15 辽宁沈工蓝泰能源科技有限公司 一种秸秆捆烧锅炉进料系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7241374A (en) 1976-02-26
IT1016608B (it) 1977-06-20
FR2241472A1 (it) 1975-03-21
FR2241472B1 (it) 1978-02-03
SE7408912L (it) 1975-02-25
DE2432487A1 (de) 1975-03-06

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