US4039915A - D-c commutator-type dynamo electric machine with electronic control - Google Patents

D-c commutator-type dynamo electric machine with electronic control Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US4039915A
US4039915A US05/572,869 US57286975A US4039915A US 4039915 A US4039915 A US 4039915A US 57286975 A US57286975 A US 57286975A US 4039915 A US4039915 A US 4039915A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
switch means
armature
pulse source
machine according
controlled switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/572,869
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Kofink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19742421180 external-priority patent/DE2421180C3/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4039915A publication Critical patent/US4039915A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
    • H02P7/29—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using pulse modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/14—Circuit arrangements for improvement of commutation, e.g. by use of unidirectionally conductive elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a direct current commutator-type dynamo electric machine which is controlled by pulses from a pulse source.
  • Commutator-type direct current machines have been proposed, controlled by pulses derived from pulse sources.
  • the pulse control is derived usually by d-c choppers, which are electronically controlled devices chopping the direct current in pulses having predetermined pulse periods, or repetition rates.
  • This type of control, and such pulse sources have the disadvantage that, particularly for larger motors, a substantial number of components are required. Chokes, or other inductive elements are also needed which increase the apparatus requirements and may introduce electrical noise.
  • the armature current is controlled by circuit elements which are part of the machine itself, connected in the armature current path between the brushes of the machine, that is, directly on the armature.
  • the electronic switching elements are controlled to conduction by mechanical, electrical or electronic pulse sources, coupled thereto, and providing for selective energization thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a general circuit diagram of a d-c shunt motor and incorporating the subject matter of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary circuit diagram illustrating a modification of the basic circuit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary diagram illustrating another modification of the circuit of FIG. 1.
  • the shunt field 1 of a dynamo electric machine which may be operated as a motor or as a generator, is connected across a source of supply marked + and - .
  • the armature winding 2 the circuit of which is shown only schematically in circular form is connected between the brushes 3, 4.
  • Two electronically controlled switches 5, 6 are inserted in the armature winding circuit, offset by 180° electrical and separating winding 2 into portions 2' and 2".
  • the electronic control elements which are, for example bilateral, or reversely conductive thyristors or triacs have, each, a parallel circuit connected thereto, which includes an inductive winding 7', 8' of high resistance, as schematically illustrated by the separate resistors 7, 8.
  • the resistance of windings 7', 8' is high relative to the resistance of the armature winding itself.
  • the additional windings 7', 8' are so connected and located that the phase of the induced voltage therein compensates the voltage arising upon commutation, or reversal of current.
  • the windings 7', 8' eliminate high inductive voltage peaks which arise upon switching of the electronic control switches 5, 6.
  • Switches 5, 6 are rendered conductive by pulses applied to the respective gate electrodes.
  • the pulse source to gate the switches 5, 6, as shown in FIG. 1, is a breaker unit 10 driven from the motor shaft, which is schematically indicated by line 9.
  • the breaker 10 is connected to terminals X, X', deriving its power from the main supply terminals of the dynamo electric machine.
  • Current is supplied to the breaker 10 by brushes 11, 12, connected to terminals X, X', and taken off terminals y, y'.
  • Coupling resistors 13, 14 connect the brush terminals y, y' to the gate terminals Y, Y' of the electronic switches 5, 6.
  • the reversely conductive thyristors 5, 6 are triggered when current is supplied through the breaker 10; they are extinguished when the associated winding passes through the magnetic field of opposite polarity, and during commutation since, upon commutation, the direction of current flow through the armature winding will reverse.
  • the thyristor switches can also be protected against excessive current by utilizing a centrifugal switch which bridges the electrical switches if the speed of the motor is excessively low, or excessively high.
  • the invention is applicable regardless of the mode of operation of the dynamo electric machine, that is, whether operating as a motor, externally energized, or whether operating in generator mode and supplying power to external lines.
  • the temporal position of the pulses can be suitably selected, in dependence on the mode of operation.
  • the motor and control system in accordance with the present invention is also applicable to such motors used with resistance starters, in which a resistor is included in the armature circuit to limit the starting armature current. After the motor reaches a certain speed, a centrifugal switch bridges the armature starting resistor.
  • the pulse source may be an external pulse source, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • Speed information is supplied to pulse source 10', as schematically indicated by the arrow connected to broken line 9 which, as noted, represents the output shaft.
  • Power is supplied from terminals X, X'.
  • the output terminals y, y' of the pulse source are connected to the gate terminals Y, Y' of the thyristor switches. These gate terminals can be brought out to slip rings, for connection to pulse source 10' of FIG. 2, or to the breaker 10 of FIG. 1. Rather than using slip rings, non-contacting arrangements can be used.
  • terminal y' of the pulse source 10' of FIG. 2 can be connected to a winding located on the stator of the machine, as schematically illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • a pick-up winding 15 is then located on the rotor and the connection to the gate Y' includes a pick-up coil 15, inductively coupled to the stator coil connected to terminal y'.
  • the pulse source which may be breaker 10 (FIG. 1) or the pulse source 10' of FIG. 2
  • a similar pulse will be induced in the pick-up coil thereby firing the bilateral thyristor 5.
  • a similar noncontacting arrangement, or other non-contacting energy transfer elements are connected to gate Y of the thyristor 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
US05/572,869 1974-05-02 1975-04-29 D-c commutator-type dynamo electric machine with electronic control Expired - Lifetime US4039915A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DT2421180 1974-05-02
DE19742421180 DE2421180C3 (de) 1974-05-02 Gleichstromkommutatormaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4039915A true US4039915A (en) 1977-08-02

Family

ID=5914466

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/572,869 Expired - Lifetime US4039915A (en) 1974-05-02 1975-04-29 D-c commutator-type dynamo electric machine with electronic control

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4039915A (it)
JP (1) JPS50152224A (it)
FR (1) FR2269816B1 (it)
GB (1) GB1502319A (it)
IT (1) IT1037809B (it)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4769581A (en) * 1985-05-15 1988-09-06 Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh Circuit for controlling a brushless electric motor
US6222331B1 (en) * 1997-01-29 2001-04-24 Global Electric Motor Co. Ltd. Dynamo-electric machines and control and operating system for the same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3453513A (en) * 1965-03-19 1969-07-01 Nat Res Dev Dynamo-electric machine
US3631529A (en) * 1969-02-17 1971-12-28 Shiba Electric Co Ltd Apparatus for eliminating spark noise generated from a direct current motor
US3667011A (en) * 1970-07-15 1972-05-30 Sperry Rand Corp Brushless dc torque motor including commutator bars fed from a photo-commutation circuit
US3840790A (en) * 1972-08-07 1974-10-08 Allis Chalmers Electronically commutated motor
US3896349A (en) * 1974-02-27 1975-07-22 Valery Konstantinovich Lozenko Electric drive for motors interconnected to form a ring circuit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3453513A (en) * 1965-03-19 1969-07-01 Nat Res Dev Dynamo-electric machine
US3631529A (en) * 1969-02-17 1971-12-28 Shiba Electric Co Ltd Apparatus for eliminating spark noise generated from a direct current motor
US3667011A (en) * 1970-07-15 1972-05-30 Sperry Rand Corp Brushless dc torque motor including commutator bars fed from a photo-commutation circuit
US3840790A (en) * 1972-08-07 1974-10-08 Allis Chalmers Electronically commutated motor
US3896349A (en) * 1974-02-27 1975-07-22 Valery Konstantinovich Lozenko Electric drive for motors interconnected to form a ring circuit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4769581A (en) * 1985-05-15 1988-09-06 Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh Circuit for controlling a brushless electric motor
US6222331B1 (en) * 1997-01-29 2001-04-24 Global Electric Motor Co. Ltd. Dynamo-electric machines and control and operating system for the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2421180A1 (de) 1975-11-20
DE2421180B2 (de) 1977-06-23
FR2269816B1 (it) 1979-05-11
JPS50152224A (it) 1975-12-08
FR2269816A1 (it) 1975-11-28
IT1037809B (it) 1979-11-20
GB1502319A (en) 1978-03-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5675226A (en) Control circuit for an synchronous electric motor of the brushless type
GB1492861A (en) Field excitation system for a dynamo-electric machine utilizing a rotating transformer/brushless exciter generating combination
EP0117103B1 (en) Induction motors
US4746844A (en) Control and operation of brushless continuous torque toroid motor
US3959705A (en) Direct current motors with improved commutation
US3475668A (en) Control circuit for a commutatorless d.c. motor
GB1079792A (en) Dynamo electric machine
US3348109A (en) Electric motor winding arrangements
US4347464A (en) FET Motor drive system
US3185910A (en) Magnetic switch-scr for motor speed control system
GB1186427A (en) Speed-Regulated Direct-Current Motor
US4039915A (en) D-c commutator-type dynamo electric machine with electronic control
US3307091A (en) Electronically commutated dynamoelectric machine
RU2101843C1 (ru) Устройство для пуска асинхронного электродвигателя с фазным ротором
US3227941A (en) Brushless motor generator
US4035699A (en) Brushless direct current machine and method of controlling the same
WO1986004753A1 (en) A method of and a device for braking an asynchronous motor
US3299336A (en) Dynamoelectric machine having solid state commutation
US3414788A (en) Excitation control system for synchronous motors
GB1529834A (en) Brushless direct current motors
US3906316A (en) Electric motor starting circuit
US3746941A (en) Device for controlling the speed of a d. c. motor with a noncontact switch
US2262482A (en) Method of and apparatus for starting and operating thyratron motors
US3462669A (en) Drive system for synchronous machine
Lamb Commutatorless alternating-voltage-fed variable-speed motor