US4049300A - Fluid driven power producing apparatus - Google Patents

Fluid driven power producing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US4049300A
US4049300A US05/672,246 US67224676A US4049300A US 4049300 A US4049300 A US 4049300A US 67224676 A US67224676 A US 67224676A US 4049300 A US4049300 A US 4049300A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fluid
wheels
belts
axles
axle
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US05/672,246
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English (en)
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Daniel J. Schneider
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US05/672,246 priority Critical patent/US4049300A/en
Priority to JP3688077A priority patent/JPS52142140A/ja
Priority to CA275,241A priority patent/CA1041872A/fr
Priority to NL7703518A priority patent/NL7703518A/xx
Priority to NZ183778A priority patent/NZ183778A/xx
Priority to BE176886A priority patent/BE853804A/fr
Priority to OA56234A priority patent/OA05719A/fr
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Publication of US4049300A publication Critical patent/US4049300A/en
Assigned to SCHNEIER LIFT TRANSLATOR CO. USA, 3961 AMERICAN RIVER DRIVE, SACRAMENTO, CA. A CORP. OF TEX. reassignment SCHNEIER LIFT TRANSLATOR CO. USA, 3961 AMERICAN RIVER DRIVE, SACRAMENTO, CA. A CORP. OF TEX. LICENSE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHNEIDER, DANIEL J.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D5/00—Other wind motors
    • F03D5/02—Other wind motors the wind-engaging parts being attached to endless chains or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F03D3/068—Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/22—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus producing heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/16—Air or water being indistinctly used as working fluid, i.e. the machine can work equally with air or water without any modification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • F05B2240/124—Cascades, i.e. assemblies of similar profiles acting in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/50—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position
    • F05B2260/505—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position using chains and sprockets; using toothed belts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/72—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis parallel to the rotor centre line
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to fluid flow and particularly to the conversion of a fluid in motion to electrical energy by an apparatus herein described.
  • the present invention provides one solution to a facet of this energy crisis.
  • the present invention provides a fluid driven power producing apparatus which takes advantage of naturally occurring fluids in motion and converts such motion into mechanical energy which in turn may be converted into electrical energy. This conversion is accomplished by a series of blades which rotate in an alterable vertically ascending and descending manner via means of two belts, two pairs of wheels positioned one pair of each on two separate axles and a housing for structural and fluid flow alignment purposes. Such rotation is used to power a generator.
  • This overall apparatus is more specifically described hereinafter.
  • a water operative device known to applicant is disclosed in Swiss Pat. No. 313850 to Eberhard.
  • the blades that contribute to power output travel concurrently with the vector of the fluid flow 50% of the time and during such time contribute to power output.
  • the apparatus of the instant invention moves counter the flow.
  • the apparatus of the instant invention is able to operate effectively with fluid flowing in a vector from either face, such as in a tidal flow basin, a fact which could not transpire in the Eberhard unit.
  • Nance U.S. Pat. No. 763,623, issued in 1904.
  • the foils in the second stage are so situated as to receive direct input of fluid as well as fluid directed from the front foils after glancing off of same.
  • the instant apparatus operates significantly more effectively in that the second stage of the instant apparatus utilizes only fluid from the first stage as the operating fluid for the second stage.
  • Nance suffers from a turbulent confluence of the air that is influenced by one foil to the next foil, due to the disruption of the laminar flow of fluid.
  • Nance further suffers from the fact that with his two streams of fluid, instead of working together, by becoming confluent, they are disrupted and agitated, causing a confused fluid environment when the two streams strike each other, at the second stage.
  • the present invention includes a housing having axles positioned and supported in said housing parallel to each other. Two of these are the minimum required and these are interconnected by tension bound belts as shall be described hereinafter, which are situated in the same horizontal extending plane. There may also be employed additional axles or axle portions interposed between the two terminal axles or axle portions.
  • a series of blades are detachably and adjustably connected to said belts by hinges or other attachment means positioned at the midpoint of the chord of said blades.
  • These blades, also referred to as foils are designed according to fluid dynamic principles, and are situated with respect to each other on said belts as to be parallel to each other and at right angles to the belts. Since the belts define a pair of parallel continuous loops, it is seen that there is formed a first driving stage and a second return stage of said apparatus, wherein the blades are oriented parallel to the laminar flow of the fluid entering said device.
  • one object of the present invention is the provision of an apparatus which through the arrangement of the blades, stators, shroud, couples, belts, wheels, axles, and housing (frame) provides a means for positioning the blades, in a first stage, optimally oriented with the pattern of fluid dynamics and with each other such that the fluid movement is caused to exert a maximum lifting (in this case for gaseous fluids) or driving (in this case for liquid fluids) reaction force for a certain portion of the power rotating cycle and for also keeping the planes of the returning blades (inverted-herein designated as the second stage) substantially oriented to the patterns of fluid dynamics of the fluid exhaust or discharge from the stage with the result that the blades are returned to the primary power (first stage) fluid driven position with not only a minumum of fluid opposition but also with a positive reaction force exerted as derived from the fluid dynamics of the first stage exhaust or discharge fluid on the second stage.
  • a maximum lifting in this case for gaseous fluids
  • driving in this case for liquid fluids
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of a fluid tunnel or fluid "scoop inlet" which provides for directing, accelerating and concentrating the fluid in motion upon the blades which are delivering power to the system.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus of the type described herein which is simple in design, inexpensive to manufacture, rugged in construction, easy to use and efficient in operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-section view of the apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front-sectional view along the line 2--2 of the entire upper portion of the apparatus partially shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial view of the attachment of the blade to the belt
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of another embodiment of the present invention and comprising a chain-type structure as the belt, as will be described in detail hereinafter.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an apparatus within the scope of this invention, but a different embodiment than that of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmented perspective view of another embodiment of the instant invention.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 While perspective views of invention embodiments are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, general discussion of the invention is based upon FIGS. 1 & 2.
  • this apparatus 2 comprises a pair of inverted Y shaped members 4 and 5 having interconnecting and support means 6, 8 and 10 therebetween and which all collectively constitute a housing for the other portion of said apparatus.
  • Further support means can be utilized if one so desires including features permitting ready adjustment of the inclination of the plane of the two axles 16 and 18, and movement of the entire apparatus on its base to provide any desired alignment of the apparatus with the energy source fluid; however, there is no criticality attached to the configuration of the supporting members. It is to be understood that there is no criticality to be attached to the type of materials of construction.
  • two pair of substantially parallel wheels 12 and 13 and 14 (not shown) and 15 which are detachably connected respectively to axles 16 and 18, i.e. two wheels are positioned on substantially opposite ends of axle 16 and the other two wheels are positioned on substantially opposite ends of axle 18.
  • one wheel 13 on axle 16 and one wheel 15 on axle 18 are in substantially the same vertically extending plane.
  • wheel 12 on axle 16 and wheel 14 (not shown) on axle 18 are also in substantially the same vertically extending plane, but in a different plane than that mentioned above with reference to wheels 13 and 15. It is to be understood that the particular type of configuration or size of the wheels is not critical so long as such wheels function in the manner hereinafter described.
  • each wheel has a V or U shaped cross section for use with V or round shaped belts, or toothed for use with a chain type belt, or otherwise modified to optimally accomodate the transmission of power from the belts to the axles.
  • axles 16 and 18 are detachably supported by said housing and are substantially horizontally positioned and are substantially parallel to each other, one being positioned above the other in a substantially alterable vertically extending plane.
  • this is supported by said housing via a pair of tension-bound slidable members 20 and 21 contiguous with the upper portion of the inverted Y members 4 and 5.
  • Such members 20 and 21 are so constructed to receive axle 16 and permit rotation therein.
  • Members 20 and 21 slide in a contiguous manner via the use of springs 28 and 29 which respectively connect members 20 and 21 with support member 6 via hooks 30 and 32 and 31 and 33.
  • the tension per se is provided by the length of the belts 34 and 36 which connect the wheels.
  • members 20 and 21 are maintained in the contiguous relationship with Y shaped members 4 and 5 via the use of guide members 24, 25, 26 and 27 and 24a, 25a, 26a and 27a. While these guide members are shown in an L type shape and the tension is established between the belts, springs, blocks and hook-up hardware by arrangements as shown, it is within the scope of the present invention that other type configurations can be used so long as the desired end result is achieved. Referring to axle 18, this is supported by a pair of substantially U shaped members 22 and 23 (not shown) and which are respectfully located on one "arm" of the inverted Y shaped members 4 and 5.
  • members 22 and 23 are shown in a U shaped cross-section, it is to be understood that it is within the scope of the present invention that these members 22 and 23 can be of any cross sectional area or design as long as they function as a means to hold axle 18 and permit rotation thereof, and could be modified if so desired to regulate the tension of the belts 34 and 36.
  • Axles 16 and 18 are preferably circular in cross-sectional area and threaded so as to permit the wheels to be “locked” therein by means of washers and nuts. However, other means can be utilized and it is within the scope of the present invention to include mechanical equivalents thereof.
  • the term axle also includes portions sized for wheel holding & mountable. Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be noted that the pairs of wheels 12 and 13 and 14 and 15 are respectively in substantially the same vertically extending planes and are connected to each other by belts 34 and 36.
  • belt as used herein encompasses flexible, semi-flexible, and non-flexible material which can also have any cross-sectional configuration as long as it is adaptable to the perimeter cross-sectional configuration of wheels 12, 13, 14 and 15.
  • this belt can be constructed of any material such as rubber, cloth, synthetic fibers, metallic fibers, metal in chain formation or otherwise such as that shown in FIG. 4 (hereinafter discussed), and the like. It is to be understood that the materials of construction are not critical to the present invention apparatus.
  • One preferred cross-section configuration of said belt is circular.
  • a series of blades 38 (38a shows the blades in the first stage, fluid input, position and 38b shows the blades in the second, fluid exhaust or discharge, position) which comprise a substantially elongated concavoconvex shaped member.
  • these blades have a surface area (including variability of area as by reefing), leading and trailing edge, arcing cross-section configurations, orientation in space, and spacing between adjacent blades which are prescribed according to fluid dynamic principles.
  • such members may have cross-sections of configurations of cylindrical, ellipical, parabolic and hyperparabolic concanoconvexes.
  • such blades can have any cross-sectional configuration so long as when fluid in motion moves across the surface thereof, there is imparted lift or drive on said blade. It is to be understood that such blades when dynamically shaped and positioned for use in gaseous fluid energy transformation would be properly termed “airfoils”, and when dynamically designed for use in a liquid fluid, such configurations would be termed impellers.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of a portion of one of the belts having affixed thereto blade 38 (as shown in partial view).
  • blade 38 has connecting member 40 passing through the outermost extremity thereof and being in a substantially U shaped cross-section having outward extending arms which lie within substantially the same plane.
  • the opposite ends of connecting member 40 are attached to the belt by means of fasteners 42 and 44 which comprise individual members respectively containing a perforation or hole therein. These fasteners permit the insertion of connecting member 40 which is also slightly curved on the uppermost ends thereof in order to permit insertion thereof in the respective fastener and keep it in place during operation of the overall apparatus. While fasteners 42 and 44 are shown (FIG.
  • belt and blade could also utilize "snaps" (with male-female type joints) to provide the detachable connecting means and means for automatically attaching and removing the blades or adjusting the pitch of the blades while either stationary or in motion.
  • FIG. 4 encompasses another embodiment of the present invention and specifically relates to a different type of belt 82 which comprises a chain link having fasteners 86 and 88 positioned thereon and adopted to accept the outermost extremeties of connecting member 84 in a similar fashion as that set forth in the discussion regarding FIG. 3 above.
  • the connecting member 84 in turn is adopted to support blade 80 as shown in FIG. 4 and as equivalently shown in cross section of FIG. 3.
  • these belts can be of any type of configuration as long as they are adaptable to be used with the wheels positioned on the axles 16 and 18.
  • members 40 and 84 are shown with a substantially U shaped cross-section with outwardly extending extremities. This type of configuration is not critical and other types of cross-section configurations can be utilized in order to detachably affix the blade to the belt. Furthermore, it is also within the scope of the present invention that the fasteners as shown in FIG. 4 are not critical and any other type fastener can be utilized which would be functionally equivalent to those herein shown.
  • FIG. 5 pertains to another embodiment of the instant Schneider apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises a pair of inverted Y shaped members 4 and 5 having interconnecting and support means 6, 8, and 10 therebetween as well as members 100 and 101 interconnecting 8 and 10 along the bottom of said device.
  • Wheels 13 are seen to contain a plurality of spokes which extend and radiate from the bore area for the axle to the outer edge of the wheels 12, 13, 14 & 15.
  • Foils 38 (blades) are seen to have spars 103, the number thereof not being critical considered unto itself, as well as leading edge members 104 and trailing edge members 105.
  • the articulation means for said foils can be any of those previously recited and shown herein as well as others within the skill of the artisan. It is seen that this embodiment utilizes neither stators 11, nor a shroud 90.
  • FIG. 6 employs a modified V shaped structure as the housing wherein member 107 is seen to be a substantially vertical member, connected to a companion member in the same vertical plane but not shown in this view 107a, by support means 6.
  • Bottom member 100 is seen to interconnect with vertical member 107 and extend beyond same.
  • Corresponding bottom member 101, not seen is joined to 100 by support means 8.
  • a front crossmember 10 may be employed.
  • Inclined member 116 is seen to connect 107 at one extreme and bottom member 100, thereby forming a triangular assembly.
  • axle stubs 16a and 18a are employed rather than full axles across the diameter of the apparatus. These axle stubs constitute the axles upon which are detachably connected wheels 13 and 15 on the terminal portions thereof.
  • Wheels 12 and 14 both not shown are similarly mounted on axle stubs 16b and 18b also not shown.
  • Naturally wheel 12 on stub 16b and wheel 14 on stub 18b are in substantially the same vertically extending plane, and stubs 16a and 18a with their wheels 13 & 15 are also in substantially the same vertically extending plane, but in a different one from that for wheels 12 & 14.
  • axle stubs 109, 109a not shown and 110 and 110a not shown are suitably mounted in inclined member 116 by hardware assemblies 113 and 114, which assemblies are also employed for the mounting axle stubs 16a and 18a.
  • Interior axle stubs 109 & 110 are suitably positioned between the outer axle stubs 16a and 18a, and are employed to aid belt 34 to maintain its desired configuration of a loop by preventing sag thereby ensuring smoother operation of the device.
  • Tension is establised between the belts, and axles by suitable positioning of the mounting hardware assemblies 113 and 114 for the exterior axle stubs. Further discussion on the belts and wheels may be had by reference to the discussion of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the detachably supported axle stubs are positioned with respect to each other in like manner as in FIG. 1 differing only in their mounting means as discussed above.
  • a plurality of foils (blades) 38a are a plurality of foils (blades) 38a. Those depicted to the left of inclined member 116 are in the first stage, the primary stage, and those to the right are in the return stage or descending stage, but still power producing. These blades are designated 38a due to the different configuration from those of FIG. 1's foil 38. While referred to above as belt 34, in point of fact this embodiment employs a chain 82 similar to that of FIG. 4, on which are detachably connected the blades. To simplify the drawing, not all of the blades that one would employ are depicted in this Figure. These blades however, similar to those of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 have arcing cross-section, spatial orientation, leading and trailing edges and are designed according to fluid dynamics in like manner as those of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and as discussed elsewhere herein.
  • Said foils 38a are articulated on both ends (one end not viewable in this drawing) by articulation means 108 to said chain 82.
  • the articulation means can be the mode of FIG. 4 or any other capable of producing the desired result.
  • No. 115, power takeup wheel is also toothed for transfering power by a chain from said device to a generator (not shown).
  • Power takeup wheel 115 is detachably mounted upon an extension of axle stub 16a, external to said inclined member 116, by means known to the art.
  • Interior wheels 111 and 112 are seen to be of similar diameter as those external, namely 13 and 15. Due to the tension applied to the chain 84, it is seen that said chain engages both the internal and external wheels at all times.
  • foils 38 and 80 of FIGS. 3 & 4 respectively are aligned at right angles to the tensed belts 34. See specifically FIG. 2 where it is also seen that the foils are articulated at both ends at the mid-point of the chord length, the preferred articulation point.
  • axles between the tensed belts, namely one at the top and one at the bottom.
  • additional axles or axle portions supported within the housing and positioned between the belts in axial alignment therewith to serve as guide members for the moving belts.
  • axle portions which are discontinuous, as opposed to the unified structure of an axle e.g.
  • axle 16 positioned at the axes of wheels 12, 13, 14 and 15 and supported by the housing, detachably will suffice, so long as the plurality of axle portions are substantially horizontally positioned and are substantially parallel to each other in a pair of horizontal and vertical planes, similar to axles 15 & 16. Note FIG. 6 for example.
  • the first stage is that face of the apparatus to have the initial impact of the moving fluid. This stage is called the driving stage. In this stage, depending upon the angle of incidence of the fluid, the foils will either rise or fall. In the second stage, which is the return stage, the foils move in the opposite direction such as to continue the loop orbit movement of the blades and belts. For the greatest portion of the course traveled in both the stages, upstream and downstream, the chords of the foils are disposed parallel to the vector of the fluid flow with the resultant lift force being 90° to the relative fluid flow vector.
  • the present invention apparatus assembled as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 is designed and positioned for use in gaseous fluid energy transformation so that the fluid in motion such as air proceeds in the direction as shown by arrows 46 in FIG. 1.
  • the fluid in motion such as air proceeds in the direction as shown by arrows 46 in FIG. 1.
  • the fluid passes over the convexly curved surface of the blades, (in this case properly termed airfoils-in the first stage position 38a) there is imparted a lift reaction force on said blades and which produces a quasicounterclockwise motion to belts 34 and 36 and a couterclockwise movement to wheels 12, 13, 14 and 15 and axles 16 and 18.
  • Vanes 11, positioned at an appropriate fluid dynamic angle in relation to the fluid exhaust from the first stage blades perform the function of "stabilizing” and “focusing” such exhaust fluid onto the concave surface of the second stage blades (38b) to impart a second (lift) reaction force effected via movement of the second stage blades and which lift reaction force is additive to the lift reaction force imparted to the first stage blades.
  • blades 38a (first stage) can be so positioned on the belts so as to have the liquid fluid impart an impluse or drive force thereon.
  • the blades per se for example, can be substantially solid, concavoconvex members whereby the upper cross-sectional and leading edge is higher than the lower trailing edge, in relation to the angle of impact of the liquid in motion.
  • the blades or foils employed in this invention are designed fluid dynamically. That is to say those intended for water operation are designed to operate best in water and those intended for air operation are aerodynamically designed. Thus water configured blades are different from air designed blades. However the operation of both in the instant device is such that these high lift configuration foils operate in the same manner in either environment.
  • the foils are spaced, and oriented within the apparatus such that all of the flow of fluid entering the second stage of operation is made up of fluid which has interacted dynamically with the foils of the first stage.
  • the mode of articulation has little or no effect upon the operation of the device.
  • the articulation fashion can however influence the relative positioning of the foils in each of the two stages of operation. It is within the scope of this invention to articulate the blades such that when those of the first stage reach the top arc section of the loop that the top surface of any foil in the drive mode is either reversed and becomes the bottom surface in the return mode, or is balanced such that the top surface of a drive foil remains as the top surface in a return foil, simulating the movement of a ferris wheel gondola. Needless to say, the transition of a blade from 2nd stage back to first stage would take place in like manner as from drive to return.
  • stators and a shroud Two accessories that contribute to improved performance, but which are not essential for operation of the device are stators and a shroud. While the use of stators is old per se, it is to be noted that stators are used in this invention not to conform the ambient air or water to the configuration of the device, but rather to help the device conform to the ambient air such as to achieve the re-establishment of laminar flow and the subsequent re-re-establishment thereof upon exit of the fluid from the second stage. Thus it is seen that the stators are also to be designed according to fluid dynamic principles if they are to be employed.
  • shroud The use of a shroud is seen to accelerate the fluid movement such that one can achieve a more efficient energy transformation due to the exponential relationship of velocity to energy. It serves to accelerate the velocity of the fluid as it interacts with the device.
  • the shrowd provides venting of some of the fluid that passes into the first stage whereby it can exhaust laterally out of the first stage and thus pass around the second stage. It is seen that as the quantum of fluid interacts with the first stage, there is a resultant decrease in velocity, which fact gives rise to energy transformation, and this creates a need for effective fluid exhaustion or diffusion as the fluid, since not all of fluid that exits from the first stage passes thru the second stage. However, as indicated before, only fluid that has passed through the first stage, enters the second stage. Though the device will function successfully without a shrowd, efficiency is increased with it.
  • the foils While it may be possible to attach the foils to the belts that are parallel, in an askew manner and still achieve the desired fluid dynamic condition of all of the stage two fluid consisting only of exhaust from stage one, it is preferred that the axis of the foils between attachment (detachable connections) be 90° to both belts.
  • FIG. 1 Another embodiment of the present invention is the provision of a fluid dynamic shroud 90 and 92 (or "fluid scoop inlet") attached at least to the front portion of the inverted Y shaped member in order to "funnel" the fluid to the present invention apparatus.
  • a fluid dynamic shroud 90 and 92 or "fluid scoop inlet” attached at least to the front portion of the inverted Y shaped member in order to "funnel" the fluid to the present invention apparatus.
  • Typical designs for such shrouds that can be employed include those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,720,840 (FIG. 1, member 4), U.S. Pat. No. 2,542,522 (FIG. 1, member 16), and U.S. Pat. No. 3,740,565 (FIG. 1, member 16).
  • a preferred embodiment provides an apparatus for use in converting the kinetic energy of an accelerated fluid into electrical energy which comprises (a) a housing; (b) two substantially parallel axles detachably supported by said housing and capable of rotation within the support means therefor; (c) two substantially parallel wheels positioned on each of said axles and the wheels on one axle being in substantially the same vertically extending planes as the wheels on the other axle; (d) two belts, one of which connects the two wheels in one plane and the other belt connects the other two wheels in the other plane; and (e) a series of fluid dynamically designed blades each one of which is detachably connected at the opposite ends thereof respectively to the two belts.
  • the housing comprises two substantially inverted Y shaped members and connecting members therefor and includes a base member adapted to maintain proper alignment of said apparatus with the energy source fluid.
  • said parallel axles can be in a substantially horizontal position and/or in a substantially vertical extending plane, and which can be suitable alterable in angle of inclination so as to control the overall vertical angle of the apparatus with relation to the flow of the energy service fluid.
  • This angle of the plane of the axles may be suitable altered by providing means to alter the geometric alignment of the support housing components.
  • one of the support means for one of the axles comprises a pair of tension-bound, movable members positioned at the top portion of said inverted Y shaped members.
  • the outer perimeter thereof can be either substantially V shaped in cross-section or U shaped in cross-section.
  • this comprises a substantially elongated concavoconvex member which has a space orientation, surface area, leading and trailing edge, and arcing cross-section configuration designed according to fluid dynamic principles and the blades are detachably connected to the belts by means of fasteners and couplers suitable for attaching, detaching, adjusting pitch angle and otherwise controlling the position of the blades in relation to the belts.
  • stator vanes attached to the housing and so positioned thereon so as to impart a stabilizing and focusing effect on the fluid in motion as it traverses the apparatus.
  • a shroud detachably connected to the housing and which shroud imparts fluid dynamic acceleration and flow of fluid into, through and out of said apparatus to effect energy transformaton.
  • the blades can have a cross-section configuration designed according to either gaseous fluid dynamic principles or liquid fluid dynamic principles.
  • This embodiment provides means so that the combination of axles, wheels and belts project two planes substantially parallel to and substantially equidistant from each side of the plane of the two axles of the planes parallel to the plane of the two axles together with the cylindrical arcs formed by the portions of the belts in contact with the wheels form the cause for the travel of the blades.
  • an apparatus for use in converting the kinetic energy of an accelerated fluid into electrical energy which comprises (a) a housing which comprises two substantially inverted Y shaped members and connecting members therefor; (b) two substantially horizontal parallel axles detachably supported by the housing and capable of rotation within the support means therefor and having a circular cross-section configuration; (c) two substantially parallel wheels positioned on each of the axles and the wheels on one axle being in substantially the same vertically extending planes as the wheels on the other axle; (d) two belts, one of which connects the two wheels in one plane and the other belt connects the other two wheels in the other plane; and (c) a series of gaseous fluid dynamically designed blades each one of which is detachably connected at the opposite ends thereof respectfully to the two belts.
  • one of the support means for one of the axles comprises a pair of tension-bound, movable members positioned at either end of said inverted Y shaped members and each of the wheels comprises an outer
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for use in converting the kinetic energy of an accelerated fluid into electrical energy which comprises (a) a housing which comprises two substantially inverted Y shaped members and connecting members therefor; (b) two substantially horizontal parallel axles detachably supported by said housing and capable of rotation within the support means therefor and wherein one of the support means for one of said axles comprises a pair of tension-bound, movable members having springs attached thereto and positioned at either end of said inverted Y shaped members; (c) two substantially parallel wheels positioned on each of said axles and the wheels on one axle being in substantially the same vertically extending planes as the wheels on the other axle and each of said wheels having an outer perimeter which is substantially V shaped in cross-section; (d) two belts, one of which connects the two wheels in one plane and the other belt connects the other two wheels in the other plane; and (e) a series of gaseous fluid dynamically designed blades each one of which is detachably connected at the opposite ends thereof
  • the Y shaped members are provided with means to suitably alter the angle of inclinaton of the longer member thereof, so as to control the overall vertical angle of the apparatus with relation to the flow of the energy source fluid.
  • pivots 100 and 102 and joint 90 having slot 96 and fasteners 92 and 94, all of which permit the adjustment of said angle of inclination. It is to be understood that it is within the scope of the present invention that other mechanical equipment could be utilized in place of said pivots and adjustable joints in order to accomplish the desired end result.
  • A foil area (hydro-or air-)
  • N, v r , g and ⁇ is fluid density
  • the Schneider apparatus in both the first and second stages, foils (hydro or air) are driven substantially at right angles to the fluid flow vector, rather than in line with the vector of fluid flow as in prior art devices.
  • the two stages travel in parallel planes over a continuous loop course in this invention, such that essentially for the entire upstream and downstream stages (rising and falling cascades) the chords of the foils are disposed parallel to the vector of the fluid flow, with the resultant lift force being at right angles to the relative fluid flow velocity vector.
  • the Schneider apparatus is designed to have the maximum possible lift-to-drag ratio.
  • the momentum exchange between the fluid flow and the foils (hydro- or air-) is designed to be accomplished in both the first stage and the second stage such that foils (hydro- or air-) contribute to power output throughout most of their full cycle.
  • the foils (hydro- or air-) are traveling at essentially right angles to the vector of fluid flow in both the first and second stages while in many prior art apparatuses the foils are traveling with the fluid flow in one stage and counter the flow in the analagous second stage. This fact is the basis of the Schneider apparatus being able to operate essentially as effectively with fluid flowing in a vector from either face, such as in a tidal flow basin.
  • the blades or foils are cambered to create a high LIFT reaction force.
  • This type of fluid dynamically designed configuration with minimal drag enables the instant apparatus to achieve the efficiency it has and to be operative when designed for air as the fluid, at wind speeds as low as 4 mph. It is, of course, understood the fluid dynamic design is greatly influenced by the nature of the fluid of the environment of operation, and as such while both modes require high lift camber design, that foils used for water will differ from those used for air. The ability to design such foils is within the skill of the art.
  • chords are situated at some point on the chain during their revolution in substantially the same horizontal plane. While at the other points in the drive and return stages, the chords would be in parallel planes with respect to each other and parallel to the layered flow of the fluid.
  • One objective of this device is to achieve maximum lift, minimum drag, and minimum interference of flow pattern of any one foil into the pattern of fluid flow over the adjacent members.
  • a mathematical analysis must be made which incorporates chord length, length of chord, camber, angle of attack of the fluid upon the foil, fluid velocity, translational velocity of the fluid in space, cascade slope, and foil length therein.
  • slope of the total apparatus is the slope of the total apparatus. Needless to say, it is readily seen that it can be positioned at a plurality of angles vis a vis the earth or river bottom. Slope variance should be considered in one's attempt to achieve a maximum coefficient of lift to drag ratio. The same factors as enumerated above should be considered to minimize turbulence & interference. Such calculations are within the skill of the art.
  • the hinge point was seen to be at the midpoint along the chord. In point of fact, it may vary therefrom. It is selected to be dynamically effective with respect to the centre of lift. The exact location may vary from the centre of lift in order to achieve the optimum mechanical control depending on the operational environment of the apparatus. Hereto the determination is within the skill of the art.
  • stators or vanes can be employed to help direct the fluid from stage 1 to stage 2. While beneficial, they are not critical and may be omitted.
  • Another means to aid in fluid direction focusing is to employ foils or blades with self-adjusting angle of attach changing mechanisms in the blades themselves and the articulation means.
  • the quantum of air passing through the plurality of air foils should be in an optimum balance relationship with said foils, such that one does not have a portion of air going past the foils that is affected by any one foil, and another portion of air that is not affected by any foil above or below, but passes through in a straight laminar flow. It is this differential movement of fluid that creates intersecting fluid streams, giving rise to adverse results.
  • I determined in one embodiment of an air environment operating device which employed concavoconvex foils that spacing the foils about 1 chord length apart gave rise to quite satisfactory laminar flow characteristics. It is seen however that 1 is not a magic number.
  • chord length I mean the distance from leading to trailing edges of a foil. Therefore it is seen the spacing between foils is not a measured distance, but rather a functional relationship whereby the pressure zone of one hydrofoil or air foil contributes to the force field of the successive air foil, i.e. the one above it, and the one below it in the device.
  • the power output is seen to be a function of the lift reaction force. This is in contrast to most other wind operated devices for deriving power in that they are drag oriented.
  • the foils of this invention be they air or liquid (water being preferred liquid) are oriented parallel to the laminar flow of the fluid, not at right angles thereto.
  • housing has been utilized throughout this application, it is readily recognized that the bare minimum that is needed is indeed a support structure for the axles and the remaining assemblages that constitute the invention. For this purpose, the drawings have been simplified to show only such a support structure. It is intended therefore that the term housing connote both an elaborate high cost tower or other means to hold one or more of the two-staged cascded devices of this invention, as well as a simple support structure.
  • the tension bound members are at the top portion of the long arm of said inverted Y shaped members, it is within the skill of the art to utilize tension bound members at the lower end of said long arm, and is thus within the scope of this invention to do so, either by the means recited or an alternate to achieve the same result. If the housing comprises only substantially vertical main members with supports, then the tension bound members may be positioned at either end thereof.
  • the present invention makes it possible to utilize wind or water currents in order to generate electricity which can be used directly or via other devices, it can be stored and used as required.
  • This invention also makes it possible to generate electricity without polluting the atmosphere or hydrosphere.
  • a generator In connection with the generation of electricity, the generator is not shown. However, a generator can be connected to either axle 16 or 18, for example, as an integral configuration of the axle, or at the outer extremeties thereof either directly or through a "belt-pulley" system.
  • the exact takeup type of mechanism for the generation of electricity is not considered critical and can be accomplished by several ways such as those set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 2,542,522 (FIG. 1, members 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31) and U.S. Pat. No. 3,222,533 (FIG. 4), and which U.S. patents are considered as incorporated herein by reference.
  • the instant apparatus can be utilized not only for the generation of electricity, but also for the creation of mechanical energy such as for turning a wheel or other work efforts.
  • the apparatuses can be used in the plurality, with or without a sharing of the side members of the housing, depending on the decision of the architect, to create a super device with a multiplicity of them positioned in axial alignment for upto a quarter mile or more measured from left to right along a straight line.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
US05/672,246 1974-06-26 1976-03-31 Fluid driven power producing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US4049300A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/672,246 US4049300A (en) 1974-06-26 1976-03-31 Fluid driven power producing apparatus
CA275,241A CA1041872A (fr) 1976-03-31 1977-03-31 Appareil energetique a commande hydraulique
NL7703518A NL7703518A (nl) 1976-03-31 1977-03-31 Inrichting te gebruiken bij het omzetten van de kinetische energie van een versneld fluidum in mechanische of elektrische energie.
JP3688077A JPS52142140A (en) 1976-03-31 1977-03-31 Fluid driven type power generating device
NZ183778A NZ183778A (en) 1975-06-27 1977-04-04 Fluid power generator
BE176886A BE853804A (fr) 1976-03-31 1977-04-21 Appareil producteur de force a entrainement par fluide
OA56234A OA05719A (fr) 1974-06-26 1977-07-25 Appreil producteur de force à entraînement par fluide

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US48309274A 1974-06-26 1974-06-26
US05/672,246 US4049300A (en) 1974-06-26 1976-03-31 Fluid driven power producing apparatus

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US48309274A Continuation-In-Part 1974-06-26 1974-06-26

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US4049300A true US4049300A (en) 1977-09-20

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OA (1) OA05719A (fr)

Cited By (48)

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US4134469A (en) * 1976-10-08 1979-01-16 Turbopanel Motors, Inc. Linear turbine
US4186314A (en) * 1976-07-23 1980-01-29 Diggs Richard E High efficiency wind power machine
US4350474A (en) * 1980-08-01 1982-09-21 Murphy James T Tide following wave power machine
US4536125A (en) * 1983-04-25 1985-08-20 George R. Herman Wind lift generator
US4563168A (en) * 1982-09-28 1986-01-07 Schneider Daniel J Load distributing chain drive arrangement
US4572962A (en) * 1982-04-28 1986-02-25 Cognitronics Corporation Apparatus for extracting energy from winds at high altitudes
US4642022A (en) * 1985-08-28 1987-02-10 Leon Rydz Chain turbine system
GB2201469A (en) * 1987-02-17 1988-09-01 Keith Gordon Baker Endless belt type wind energy converter
US4878807A (en) * 1988-03-28 1989-11-07 Baker Keith G Relating to energy conversion apparatus
EP0841480A1 (fr) * 1996-11-12 1998-05-13 Wubbo Johannes Ockels Eolienne utilisant des cerfs-volants
ES2120348A1 (es) * 1995-11-15 1998-10-16 Robles Akesolo Miguel Angel Mejoras en aeromotores sin eje produccion de energia electrica.
EP0931933A3 (fr) * 1998-01-27 2001-10-17 Licht - und Kraftwerke GmbH Helmbrechts Eolienne à axe horizontal sollicitée par trainée
US6435827B1 (en) 2000-10-27 2002-08-20 James Steiner Apparatus for generating a fluid flow
EP1260708A1 (fr) * 2001-05-24 2002-11-27 Sergio Marocco Eoliénne à bande sans fin
US6731018B1 (en) * 1998-03-07 2004-05-04 The Engineering Business Limited Water generator oscillating due to rapid flow of fluid
US6734576B2 (en) * 2000-07-11 2004-05-11 Pedro Saavedra Pacheco Eolic marine electrical generator GEEM
US20040174019A1 (en) * 2003-03-04 2004-09-09 Jurgen Diederich Conveyor-type fluid energy-harnessing apparatus
US20060168954A1 (en) * 2005-01-28 2006-08-03 Omer Bndean A Hydro-electrical generator
US20060199496A1 (en) * 2005-02-16 2006-09-07 Hussmann Corporation Air louver for a refrigerated display case
US20070231129A1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2007-10-04 Schneider Abraham D System, method, and apparatus for a power producing linear fluid impulse machine
US20080303287A1 (en) * 2007-06-06 2008-12-11 Meheen H Joe Wind Driven Venturi Turbine
FR2935160A1 (fr) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-26 Pascal Andre Georges Hapham Turbine a pale fendue glissant et pivotant sur l'axe moteur
US20100239420A1 (en) * 2007-03-20 2010-09-23 Koo Shik Lee Hydro-power plant
US7862290B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2011-01-04 Diederich Juergen Fluid energy-harnessing apparatus
WO2011087844A3 (fr) * 2009-12-22 2011-10-13 Areion Corp. Système de génération d'énergie et procédés connexes
JP4917687B1 (ja) * 2011-07-13 2012-04-18 秀雄 皆木 風力発電機用風車装置
CN102518096A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-06-27 杜文娟 利用自然力打捞海冰的装置及其使用方法
CN102561282A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-07-11 杜文娟 自然力驱动的水翼式捞冰装置及其使用方法
CN102561284A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-07-11 杜文娟 水翼轮组辅助捞冰装置及其使用方法
CN102725525A (zh) * 2009-11-15 2012-10-10 戴沃格能源公司 低温差旋转发动机
CN102792014A (zh) * 2010-03-11 2012-11-21 波音公司 风力系统
CN103161144A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-19 杜文娟 自然力驱动的水翼式捞冰装置
CN103161148A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-19 杜文娟 水翼轮组辅助捞冰装置
WO2014089630A1 (fr) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-19 University Of Wollongong Appareil de conversion de l'énergie éolienne
US20150198139A1 (en) * 2011-03-08 2015-07-16 Sigma Design Company Adaptive hydrokinetic energy harvesting system
US20160327011A1 (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-11-10 Natel Energy, Inc. Hydraulic turbine
US20180283350A1 (en) * 2015-03-31 2018-10-04 Harvard M. Farrant Closed loop multiple airfoil wind turbine
US10260508B2 (en) * 2016-12-05 2019-04-16 Asia Vital Components Co., Ltd. Fan structure with non-circular circumference
US10716912B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2020-07-21 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited User interface and system for supplying gases to an airway
US20220010765A1 (en) * 2019-02-08 2022-01-13 Stefanos SKLIVANOS Hydro power plant
US11324908B2 (en) 2016-08-11 2022-05-10 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited Collapsible conduit, patient interface and headgear connector
US11560873B1 (en) * 2019-12-04 2023-01-24 Brent Gregory Wind energy device and related methods
US20230287860A1 (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-09-14 Kimball Rasmussen Water Powered Electricity Generating Assembly
CN116928027A (zh) * 2023-07-27 2023-10-24 北京龙波之光新能源科技有限公司 一种双轴斜塔式链传动风力发电装置
US20230400006A1 (en) * 2022-06-13 2023-12-14 Salvatore Deiana Wave turbine
DE102023000044A1 (de) * 2023-01-10 2024-07-11 Bernd Heidenreich Neuartige Lamellensteuerung von Windenergieanlagen mit hintereinander befindlichen Reihen von schräg angeströmten Lamellen
EP4647595A1 (fr) 2024-05-09 2025-11-12 Harvard Mark Farrant Éolienne à pales multiples
WO2026033016A1 (fr) * 2024-08-07 2026-02-12 Eotergia, S.L. Système de production d'énergie de fluide

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Cited By (77)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4186314A (en) * 1976-07-23 1980-01-29 Diggs Richard E High efficiency wind power machine
US4134469A (en) * 1976-10-08 1979-01-16 Turbopanel Motors, Inc. Linear turbine
US4350474A (en) * 1980-08-01 1982-09-21 Murphy James T Tide following wave power machine
US4572962A (en) * 1982-04-28 1986-02-25 Cognitronics Corporation Apparatus for extracting energy from winds at high altitudes
US4563168A (en) * 1982-09-28 1986-01-07 Schneider Daniel J Load distributing chain drive arrangement
US4536125A (en) * 1983-04-25 1985-08-20 George R. Herman Wind lift generator
US4642022A (en) * 1985-08-28 1987-02-10 Leon Rydz Chain turbine system
GB2201469A (en) * 1987-02-17 1988-09-01 Keith Gordon Baker Endless belt type wind energy converter
GB2201469B (en) * 1987-02-17 1991-01-23 Keith Gordon Baker Energy conversion apparatus
US4878807A (en) * 1988-03-28 1989-11-07 Baker Keith G Relating to energy conversion apparatus
ES2120348A1 (es) * 1995-11-15 1998-10-16 Robles Akesolo Miguel Angel Mejoras en aeromotores sin eje produccion de energia electrica.
EP0841480A1 (fr) * 1996-11-12 1998-05-13 Wubbo Johannes Ockels Eolienne utilisant des cerfs-volants
EP0931933A3 (fr) * 1998-01-27 2001-10-17 Licht - und Kraftwerke GmbH Helmbrechts Eolienne à axe horizontal sollicitée par trainée
US20040201223A1 (en) * 1998-03-07 2004-10-14 Grinsted Timothy William Extracting power from moving water
US6731018B1 (en) * 1998-03-07 2004-05-04 The Engineering Business Limited Water generator oscillating due to rapid flow of fluid
US6849963B2 (en) * 1998-03-07 2005-02-01 The Engineering Business Limited Extracting power from moving water
US6734576B2 (en) * 2000-07-11 2004-05-11 Pedro Saavedra Pacheco Eolic marine electrical generator GEEM
US6435827B1 (en) 2000-10-27 2002-08-20 James Steiner Apparatus for generating a fluid flow
EP1260708A1 (fr) * 2001-05-24 2002-11-27 Sergio Marocco Eoliénne à bande sans fin
US20040174019A1 (en) * 2003-03-04 2004-09-09 Jurgen Diederich Conveyor-type fluid energy-harnessing apparatus
US6809430B2 (en) 2003-03-04 2004-10-26 Diederich Juergen Conveyor-type fluid energy-harnessing apparatus
US7329963B2 (en) * 2005-01-28 2008-02-12 Bndean Abdulkadir Omer Hydro-electrical generator
US20060168954A1 (en) * 2005-01-28 2006-08-03 Omer Bndean A Hydro-electrical generator
US7497770B2 (en) * 2005-02-16 2009-03-03 Hussmann Corporation Air louver for a refrigerated display case
US8858309B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2014-10-14 Hussman Corporation Air louver for refrigerated display case
US20060199496A1 (en) * 2005-02-16 2006-09-07 Hussmann Corporation Air louver for a refrigerated display case
US20090223237A1 (en) * 2005-02-16 2009-09-10 Hussmann Corporation Air louver for refrigerated display case
US7645115B2 (en) 2006-04-03 2010-01-12 Abraham Daniel Schneider System, method, and apparatus for a power producing linear fluid impulse machine
US20070231129A1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2007-10-04 Schneider Abraham D System, method, and apparatus for a power producing linear fluid impulse machine
US7862290B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2011-01-04 Diederich Juergen Fluid energy-harnessing apparatus
US20100239420A1 (en) * 2007-03-20 2010-09-23 Koo Shik Lee Hydro-power plant
US20080303287A1 (en) * 2007-06-06 2008-12-11 Meheen H Joe Wind Driven Venturi Turbine
US7615883B2 (en) * 2007-06-06 2009-11-10 Meheen H Joe Wind driven venturi turbine
FR2935160A1 (fr) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-26 Pascal Andre Georges Hapham Turbine a pale fendue glissant et pivotant sur l'axe moteur
US9140144B2 (en) * 2009-11-15 2015-09-22 Dyverga Energy Corporation Rotary gravity engine utilizing volatile material and low temperature heat sources
US20130000303A1 (en) * 2009-11-15 2013-01-03 Dyverga Energy Corporation Low differential temperature rotary engines
CN102725525A (zh) * 2009-11-15 2012-10-10 戴沃格能源公司 低温差旋转发动机
WO2011087844A3 (fr) * 2009-12-22 2011-10-13 Areion Corp. Système de génération d'énergie et procédés connexes
US8754541B2 (en) 2009-12-22 2014-06-17 Design Protom Inc. Linear wind powered electrical generator
CN102792014A (zh) * 2010-03-11 2012-11-21 波音公司 风力系统
US8441141B1 (en) * 2010-03-11 2013-05-14 The Boeing Company Wind power system
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US20150198139A1 (en) * 2011-03-08 2015-07-16 Sigma Design Company Adaptive hydrokinetic energy harvesting system
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CN103161148B (zh) * 2011-12-14 2015-12-02 杜文娟 水翼轮组辅助捞冰装置
CN103161144B (zh) * 2011-12-14 2015-12-02 杜文娟 自然力驱动的水翼式捞冰装置
WO2014089630A1 (fr) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-19 University Of Wollongong Appareil de conversion de l'énergie éolienne
US12527934B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2026-01-20 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited User interface and system for supplying gases to an airway
US20180283350A1 (en) * 2015-03-31 2018-10-04 Harvard M. Farrant Closed loop multiple airfoil wind turbine
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US10716912B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2020-07-21 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited User interface and system for supplying gases to an airway
US10527021B2 (en) * 2015-05-07 2020-01-07 Natel Energy, Inc. Hydraulic turbine
US20160327011A1 (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-11-10 Natel Energy, Inc. Hydraulic turbine
US11324908B2 (en) 2016-08-11 2022-05-10 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited Collapsible conduit, patient interface and headgear connector
US10260508B2 (en) * 2016-12-05 2019-04-16 Asia Vital Components Co., Ltd. Fan structure with non-circular circumference
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